2021届湖北省六校高三年级10月联考英语试题（学生版） 14页

2021 届六校 10 月联考 高三英语试题 第 I 卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 1. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Go shopping. B. Have some milk. C. Take out the garbage. 2. What will the man do tonight? A. Go bowling. B. Visit the woman. C. Prepare for an exam. 3. What will the man most probably do? A. Pay for the tickets. B. Go to the ticket office. C. Ask the woman for a discount. 4. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. At the doctor’s. C. At the man’s office. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A man. B. A course. C. A language. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Buy him a boat. B. Lend him some money. C. Spend the summer on a boat. 7. What is the woman’s attitude towards the man’s idea? A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Confused. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. Where does the woman work? A. In a radio station. B. In a hotel. C. In a building company. 9. Why is the woman looking for Mr. Nash? A. To book a hotel. B. To talk about his concern. C. To invite him for an interview. 10. How will the woman get in touch with Mr. Nash? A. By writing an e-mail. B. By sending a text message. C. By making a phone call. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What does the woman ask the man about first? A. The packing. B. The receipt. C. The price. 12. What does the man decide to do with the camera? A. Change it. B. Have it fixed. C. Get his money back. 13. Who is the woman most likely to be? A. A technician. B. A photographer. C. A saleswoman. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What is the relationship between Tom and the man? A. Colleagues. B. Neighbors. C. Classmates. 15. What problem does the man have? A. He dislikes his job. B. He knows few people here. C. He is unfamiliar with the city. 16. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Go to the woman’s house. B. Treat the woman to dinner. C. Introduce someone to the woman. 17. What can we learn about the woman? A. She feels lonely. B. She tries to help the man. C. She likes challenging jobs. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What working environment does Euro Cafe provide? A. Fast-paced. B. Pleasant. C. Competitive. 19. What should applicants do to sign up for the fair? A. Send a fax. B. Visit the website. C. Go to the office. 20. What do we know about Euro Cafe? A. It opens from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. B. It will hold the Job Fair on June 1st. C. It is famous in some parts of Europe. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A Ireland:Beauty and a Long History of Separation Ireland is home to ancient kings and chiefs, giants and fairies. For years it has existed as two Irelands, and Brexit could worsen that division. Discover the lively cities of Dublin and Belfast, and taste pints, drink a whiskey or eat fresh oysters. Journey Highlights Meet storytellers and experts for insight into the true story of Ireland’s history. Get the full taste of Ireland, experiencing seaweed, oysters and whiskey. Swiss Family Adventure: An Active Journey Through the Alps. The Swiss Alps are the perfect family playground, providing a fun and relaxing summer retreat for all ages. Towering peaks, rushing waterfalls and peaceful meadows bursting with wildflowers provide the calm backdrop for an array of active programs. This eight-day program is suited to anyone with a sense of adventure, and especially for families with children ages 7 to 14. Journey Highlights Explore the heart-beating First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald. Cruise Lake Thun to the town of Spiez. Explore the castle here, where children can become “Knights in Training”. Climate Change in New Orleans: A meeting and observation The impact of climate change and extreme weather is all too noticeable in the disastrous changes that are happening along the Louisiana Gulf Coast. Spend four days in New Orleans immersed in the issues around global climate change and its impact on human health, and natural ecosystems. Journey Highlights Take a special tour of the levee system on the Mississippi River surrounding New Orleans to see its importance in protecting the area. Learn how climate change affects New Orleans and the Gulf region from scientists. Active Argentina and Patagonia Argentina is the active adventures’ dream destination. From cathedral-like peaks to icy glaciers, this active, multisport route invites you to explore the Lake District, hike in view of the Fits Roy Massif, sail to glaciers and ride horses. Journey Highlights Go kayaking on Lago Gutierrez and hike to surprising lakes in Nahuel Huapi National Park. Cruise by boating to the face of the Perito Moreno Glacier. Visit a working ranch for a closer look at farmer life. 1. Which activity will make you feel thrilled? A. Visiting a working ranch in Argentina B. Walking on the bank of the Mississippi River C. Listening to the true story of Ireland’s history D. Exploring First Cliff Walk in Grindelwald. 2. Who is suitable for the journey to New Orleans? A. Historians. B. Adventurers. C. Sailors. D. Environmentalists. 3. Where has the mountain tops in the shape of churches? A. Swiss. B. Argentina. C. Ireland. D. New Orleans. B The snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissed early, but much to my surprise, my appointment wasn’t canceled. So I went, feeling especially heroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my word. Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation at the local blood center. When I got there, I discovered I wasn’t alone. Four more “hero-types” were already lying back in donor chairs with lines attached to their veins (静脉), and machines quietly pumping away to collect their life-saving gifts. Seeing my fellow donors honoring their own commitments, I realized why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a difference to the life of someone I would never meet. To be honest, I’d never really thought about why I donate. I just did it. But a few months ago, during one of my regular donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn baby — both patients needed what I would give in order to live. I’ve viewed my visits to the blood center differently ever since. My wife Karen is a donor, too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow list for fifteen years, ever since she signed up to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia. That little girl died before Karen’s bone marrow could help her, but Karen was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out she was a potential match for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes,” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for further testing. It was to race against time. I wish I could say that this race was won. Unluckily, it wasn’t. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questions — including whether or not she’d remain on the donor list. “Of course,” Karen answered. We still keep making appointments. I don’t know whose life my donation may affect. Most likely it will be a stranger, but on some day the person needing blood could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to take our time to donate. I like the sense of giving. 4. Why was the man going out on such a snowy day? A. He was going to risk his life for fun. B. He was going to do a heroic deed to show off to others. C. He was going to give a donation to help others in need. D. He was going to have an important appointment with his wife. 5. Who or what caused the man to view his visits to the blood center differently? A. A cancer patient and a newborn baby who needed what he gave to live. B. The fact that his wife would remain on the donor list after several failures. C. The fact that his wife signed up to provide bone marrow to a girl with leukemia. D. Four more “hero-types” lying back in donor chairs with lines attached to their veins. 6. What does the author think of his wife Karen’s action? A. He objects to what she does. B. He thinks highly of what she does. C. He is indifferent to what she does. D. He doesn’t show any apparent attitude. 7. Which of the following may the man agree with? A. One good turn deserves another. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. Constant dripping wears away a stone. D. The rose’s in her hand, the flavor in mine. C A team of scientists have studied thousands of species of birds to understand why there is so much diversity in the length of time they take to grow from a fertilized (受精的) egg into an independent adult. The study, published in Nature Communications, is the first one to consider the importance of lifestyle and environmental factors alongside evolutionary history and body size to explain the variation. All organisms face a trade-off (交换) between reproducing and surviving and they solve this problem in different ways. The team found that migratory birds develop much quicker, which may ensure they are ready to return to their winter habitats at the end of each summer. Findings showed that birds that breed and live in safer environments with fewer predators typically took longer to develop, possibly because they can afford to spend longer since there is no danger or need to leave. They also found that bird species with a “live fast die young” strategy develop quicker, allowing them to maximize the number of offspring (后代) they can produce in the short time available. As expected, the research showed that bigger birds took longer to develop — but even among birds of a similar size there was variation in development times. Dr. Chris Cooney, from the University of Sheffield’s Department of Animal and Plant Sciences and lead author of the research, said, “The amount of time it takes for a fertilized egg to develop into a fully grown adult varies hugely across the animal kingdom. For instance, it takes an elephant almost 10 years to reach independence, whereas a fruit fly is fully grown after only a matter of days. This extraordinary diversity is also prevalent within birds, where albatrosses (信天翁) can take almost a year to develop from an embryo (胚胎) to an independent adult, but a typical UK garden songbird (鸣禽) takes little more than a month. We found that certain aspects of a species’ lifestyle and environment are important in explaining how long they take to develop.” The study on birds gives scientists some clues about the type of factors that may be important in other species. However, it may be that different factors are important for determining development length in other animal groups. Therefore, the next step is to address these questions using data that covers the whole scale of the animal kingdom — from fish to mammals to insects — to gain an even broader insight into the factors shaping these fundamental differences across species. 8. What does the study mainly focus on? A. The number of bird species. B. The changes of bird habitats. C. The development length of birds. D. The life span of birds. 9. What does the underlined word “prevalent” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Rare. B. Common. C. Special. D. Strange. 10. What can we know from Dr. Chris Cooney’s words? A. The development times vary with the species. B. Size determines the speed of birds’ development. C. Animals living in the same place develop at the same rate. D. Bigger animals always grow more slowly than smaller ones. 11. Why will scientists use data covering the whole scale of the animal kingdom? A. To study the cause of the species diversity. B. To show the basic differences among species. C. To explore the evolutionary history of animals. D. To figure out other factors in development length. D European researchers say they have created a process that can produce oxygen from moon dust. The process could provide a major source of oxygen for humans taking part in moon exploration activities in the future. Researchers from the European Space Agency (ESA), carried out the experiments at a laboratory in the Netherlands. They reported their results in a study published in Planetary and Space Science. The team says ESA’s experimental “plant” was able to successfully produce oxygen from simulated (仿造的) moon dust. The dust is part of a material known as regolith, a top layer of dirt and rock fragments that sit on the surface of the moon. Samples of regolith returned from the moon have confirmed that the material contains about 45 percent oxygen by weight. However, the oxygen is chemically locked in the form of minerals or glass, so it is not easily available for use. Having real samples of regolith from the moon made it possible for the researchers to create the simulated moon dust material used during testing. ESA’s long-term goal is to design an oxygen-producing “pilot plant” to operate full-time on the moon. The first technology demonstration (演示) of the system is expected to take place in the middle 2020s. Beth Lomax of the University of Glasgow was a lead researcher on the project. “Being able to acquire oxygen from resources found on the moon would obviously be hugely useful for future lunar settlers, both for breathing and in the local production of rocket fuel,” she said in a statement. The researchers reported that “as a bonus”, the process also results in the production of usable metallic materials. ESA researcher Alexandre Meurisse said the finding that a number of metals are left behind was an important discovery. ESA and the U.S. space agency NASA are both working on plans to return human beings to the moon. NASA has set a goal for 2024, with the aim to keep humans on the moon for long periods. ESA officials say the latest experiments were part of expanded engineering development aimed at finding new ways for lunar materials to be used to support future human activities. Last August, NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida announced its own plans to develop a device that would melt lunar regolith to extract oxygen. The NASA plan would involve heating the regolith to more than 1,600 degrees Celsius and then flowing electricity through the material, the agency explained. The process would attempt to cause a chemical reaction to split the regolith into oxygen and metals. Kevin Grossman is a materials science expert at Kennedy Space Center. He said researchers will be carrying out experiments to test the technology with the goal of getting NASA, in his words, “one step closer to an automated mass production of oxygen on the Moon.” 12. How will the process benefit humans according to the study? A. By creating warm air for researchers on the moon. B. By providing rocks for the production of minerals. C. By testing the weight of the oxygen contained in moon dust. D. By offering oxygen for people conducting studies on the moon. 13. What makes oxygen difficult to produce during the ESA’s experiment? A. Its poor quality. B. Its small quantity. C. Its form of existence. D. Its complex structure. 14. What is the “bonus” in the new process? A. Usable metals. B. Fresh oxygen. C. Rare minerals. D. Precious glass. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. European Researchers Discovered Oxygen From Moon Dust B. Oxygen Found for Humans Taking Part in Moon Exploration C. Oxygen Successfully Produced From the Moon Dust D. Mass Production of Oxygen achieved on the Moon 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 One thing nearly all teens agree on is that most of what high school teaches them is irrelevant to their lives outside of school or their future careers.So how can we help students actively seek a sense of purpose? ___16___ Part of developing a sense of purpose is having a vision bigger than one’s self. If you are only worried about yourself, you’11 be trained to care only about yourself. By working in teams, our young people can start to develop the skills and attitudes that are essential both to thriving in today’s workforce and to leading a life that feels meaningful. Explore the world. A sense of purpose often starts to develop during “purpose-seeking” opportunities. _____17_____ They have at least one of three active ingredients: an important life event, serving others in a meaningful way, or changes in 1ife circumstances. Learn from failure. _____18_____ Paul Tough documents this well — how learning to fail builds critical life skills. It is hard to think of a political leader or anyone who ever accomplished anything important who did not fail along the way — in fact, failure was often a catalyst for their eventual success. _____19_____ But we do not give students the opportunity to fail without serious consequences. So when they get out into the real world, they cannot deal with failure. Start with the why. Many high school students work hard, but they have no idea why. Or they do not work hard at all because they see no real-world benefit from it. ____20____ If they do not understand why, schoolwork will either be boring or meaningless to them, causing tons of worry and stress. They will be doing it simply to advance through the next hoop — high school graduation or college admission — not for its own inherent value. A. Failing is usually a shame. B. Promote teamwork actively. C. Failing is how we learn in our life. D. Learning how to persevere is often most important. E. Students have to learn what is important in life. F. They push beyond comfort zones and to explore. G. Students need to be clear why they are learning. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分 30 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to ___21___ me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be ___22___ by bugs and moths on this ___23___ summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of ___24___. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow followed by another and then another. I ___25___. I recognized them at once as my firefly(萤火虫) ___26___, my lightning bug buddies who always ___27___ this time of the year. When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them ___28___ fly around blinking on and off. I never ___29___ and put one in a jar as some kids did because I never wanted to hurt these messengers of light. Their time on this earth was so ____30____ as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always ____31____ me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart ____32____ when they reappeared the next summer. We are like them in a lot of ways. Our ____33____ here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a ____34____ shine. Still, we do our best to share it and take ____35____ in knowing that others will be shining their light long after we are gone. 21. A. shine B. greet C. please D. guide 22. A. frightened B. accompanied C. surrounded D. troubled 23. A. sticky B. dusk C. dark D. warm 24. A. heat B. water C. light D. air 25. A. frowned B. cried C. smiled D. sighed 26. A. lovers B. friends C. partners D. mates 27. A. went out B. gave out C. settled down D. showed up 28. A. fearfully B. cautiously C. nervously D. slowly 29. A. saw B. hit C. caught D. got 30. A. hard B. terrible C. useful D. brief 31. A. depressed B. surprised C. confused D. excited 32. A. beat B. sing C. move D. tremble 33. A. hope B. memory C. mind D. life 34. A. beautiful B. steady C. bright D. clear 35. A. pride B. comfort C. action D. interest 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 英语知识运用 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。 China launched its first independent Mars mission on Thursday at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan Province, opening the nation’s planetary exploration program. The 57-meter rocket, the strongest and most technologically complicated in China’s launch vehicle family,____36____(fly) about 36 minutes and then placed the spacecraft into an Earth-Mars transfer trajectory (转移轨道). If everything goes as scheduled, the 5-ton Tianwen-1, ____37____ (consist) of two major parts — the orbiter and the landing capsule — will travel more than 400 million km over some seven months before entering the Martian gravitational field, according to the China National Space Administration. Several midcourse and deep-space correction maneuvers will be made during the spaceflight to make sure the probe will be ____38____ (precise) aimed at the Red Planet. After the probe (探测器) enters Mars orbit, it will revolve around the planet for two and ____39____ half months to explore the landing capsule’s preset landing site before falling to a certain altitude to release the landing capsule,____40____ will gradually fall through Mar’s atmosphere. The history of the Chinese people’s observation of Mars can be traced to more than 3,000 years ago, with ancient ____41____ (astronomer) calling the celestial body Yinghou, or Perplexing Fire, ___42___ in their eyes, the planet looked like a capricious, shimmering flame in the night sky. Tianwen, or Quest for Heavenly Truth, is a long poem by the ancient poet Qu Yuan of the Kingdom of Chu during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). He is ____43____ (fame) for his patriotism and contributions to classical poetry and verses, especially through the poems of the Chu Ci anthology, also ____44____ (know) as Songs of Chu. “Naming the mission ____45____ the poem is intended to show China’s determination to explore deep space and to implant the love of science in young people”, said the space administration. 第四部分 写作(共两节；满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的美国朋友 Peter 写写给你的邮件中提到他对北京正在实行的垃圾 分类(garbage classification)很感兴趣。他向你询问有关情况，请你给他回信，内容包括： 1. 垃圾分类的益处； 2. 你周边的实施情况； 3. 你的感受。 参考词汇：recyclables, kitchen waste, harmful waste, other waste 注意：词数 100 左右,可合理添加细节；开头已写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, I am glad to hear that you are interested in garbage classification in Beijing. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Yours, sincerely Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。 A monk used to live in a hut at a side of a village. He read books all day long, without worrying for food or money. He was a very kind and tender-hearted person. All the villagers greatly admired his noble character. That is why everyone offered him food and wanted to help him. Once, it was a cold winter. The monk had a fire burning in his hut for warmth. Suddenly, there was a knock at his door. The monk wondered who it could be out at such a cold night, He opened the door and found a fox out there shivering in cold. She spoke, “I live on the hills out there. Heavy snow is falling there, making my life difficult. Please kindly give me a little room in your hut for the night. I will go away in the morning.” The monk politely called her in and said, “Don’t worry, dear. You can live here as long as you wish.” In the warmth of the heated hut the fox felt very comfortable. The monk gave her some bread and milk. The fox quickly ate it and slept in a corner. In the morning, the fox asked for the permission to leave. The monk told her to come whenever she liked. The fox again came back at the night. The monk talked with her about the day's happenings and gave her some food. After eating, the fox went to sleep. A few months passed and the season changed. One day the fox said, “You took so great care of me all through the winter, I want to do something for you in return.” The monk remarked, “Dear fox, it was my duty to do something for you. Please don't embarrass me by talking in this way.” The fox pleaded, “I am not trying to pay back your kindness. I love you and respect you. By doing something for you I will feel a great pride in me. I wish to be of some use to you.” Paragraph 1 The monk thought for some time and hesitantly said, “I don’t need anything. But sometimes I wish I had a piece of gold. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Paragraph 2 It was now six months since the fox had gone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________