甘肃省靖远县2020届高三英语第三次联考试题（Word版附解析） 22页

高三英语试卷 （考试时间：100 分钟 试卷满分：120 分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答 案写在 答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、 B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Healthy Experience Gifts Wellness Fans Will Love You’ll surprise and delight your friends and family with these thoughtful gifts that have real health benefits. Facial Taking care of your skin is a way to take care of yourself. And anytime you prioritize your own well-being, that’s a very good thing. Gifting a facial will allow you to feel the healing benefits of walking out with a fresh face. A new skincare and facial destination in New York. Philadelphia, and LA. offers gift certificates to treat someone to much-needed time. Facials start at $ 65 Shop now Massage (按摩) “We don’t have to tell you why a massage makes a good gift.” If you are m businesses, the chance to really feel your body less tense is always going to be a winning experience gift. Massage is too often one of those things we know are good for you, but you may rarely schedule the time to do that. Make it easy in your life to take the advantage of this relaxing self-care experience. Massages start at $ 45 Shop now Personal training session There are so many health benefits to working out. Not only does regular exercise help improve your health now. It also helps you live longer. Gifting a yoga class or a one-on-one personal training session can help ease someone back into a regular routine. You can help with this: a ClassPass gift card that will allow you to choose the class that suits you best. Price varies Shop Now Private meditation (冥想) session Investing in a regular meditation routine is an experience gift that you should give to yourself. Numerous studies have shown that meditation has an impressive list of benefits from reducing blood pressure to lessening symptoms of psychological depression. Meditation studios are popping up all over the country, so search for a studio in your area that offers private or group sessions, like MNDFL in New York or the Meditation Bar in Austin, Texas. Price varies Shop now 1. What can the “Facial” experience gift help you do? A. Build up your muscles. B. Have a new look. C. Relax your body completely. D. Reduce blood pressure. 2. Who may prefer the experience gift “Massage”? A. Artists who want to meditate in nature. B. Elderly women who want to live longer. C. Businessmen who want to get rid of pressure. D. Actresses who want to have a fresh appearance. 3. Which of the following can best improve mental health? A. Facial. B. Massage. C. Personal training session. D. Private meditation session. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种健康体验礼物，即面部护理、按摩、个人训练课程和 私人冥想课程。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。由题干关键词 Facial 可将答案定位于 Facial 下的段落。由 Facial 下的段落中的 “Gifting a facial will allow you to feel the healing benefits of walking out with a fresh face.”（赠 送面部护理可以让你感受到带着一张新面孔出门的疗伤功效。），可知一次面部护理会让你觉 得你是带着一张新面孔离开的，即面部护理能让你的面貌焕然一新。故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。由题干关键词 Massage 可将答案定位于 Massage 下的段落。由 Massage 下的段 落中的“If you are m businesses, the chance to really feel your body less tense is always going to be a winning experience gift.”（如果你是做生意的，真正感觉到身体不那么紧张的机会永远是 一个成功的体验礼物。），可知按摩可以让从事商业的人真正感受到压力的舒缓，故想摆脱压 力的商人也许更喜欢这个体验礼物。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。由 Private meditation session 下的段落中的“Numerous studies have shown that meditation has an impressive list of benefits from reducing blood pressure to lessening symptoms of psychological depression.”（许多研究表明，冥想有一个令人印象深刻的好处清单，从降低血 压到减轻心理抑郁症状。），可知 Private meditation session 能促进心理健康。故选 D 项。 B I feel ashamed to admit this, but in much of my past life, I pretended I knew what was going on when I didn’t, for fear of being “caught out”. In the school cafeteria, when people talked about TV shows, which I didn’t have the channels for, or on MSN Messenger, when I read unfamiliar song lyrics my friends had shared, I felt upset and I’d pretend to be calm and recognize what they were talking about, like everyone else. I did this, as I didn’t want to be seen not to understand some things that people, I respected were good at. I thought that if I didn’t know what was going on, it betrayed a moral failing and exposed me as a boy who was deeply uncool and actually, a bit stupid. And so I nodded along silently. I prayed I wouldn’t be found out what I really was, or I would feel embarrassed. I would follow up each incident with some diligent homework on the subject, trying to disguise myself. Unsurprisingly, it all became far too much and recently I’ve found myself overwhelmed by the number of things I didn’t know about. From politics to pop culture—even Micro Electro Mechanical Systems. I just felt exhausted by it all. And so I made a decision. I decided to stop nodding frequently at the pub while crazily searching the relative information under the table. Instead, now I’m embracing saying what is really true when I don’t know what the other person is talking about. Instead of hurrying to make up some funny opinion about a show I’ve never seen, I’ll say something like: “I’ve heard of that show but I haven’t watched it yet” Saying “I don’t know” is such a simple thing. I’m sorry that it took me so long to start saying that. I’ve changed my attitude towards something I don’t know in life. I’ll never get caught in an embarrassing lie again. 4. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1? A. His fear of making mistakes. B. The ways to make friends in the past. C. School activities he and his friends loved. D. His sense of shame about lying in the past. 5. How did the author feel when he didn’t know about the topic m conversation? A. Confused. B. Anxious and awkward. C. Unconcerned. D. Calm and relaxed 6. What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Hide. B. Beat. C. Expose. D. Fool. 7. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show disadvantages of being ignored. B. To show some embarrassing learning experiences. C. To tell us what to do with the case of being “caught out”. D. To tell us how saying “I don’t know” changed his life attitude. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 本文是记叙文，主要讲述了作者因担心被人认为像个傻瓜而假装什么都知道，最后由于身心 俱疲，下定决心说出“不知道”，从而改变了他的生活态度的故事。 【4 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 I feel ashamed to admit this, but in much of my past life, I pretended I knew what was going on when I didn’t, for fear of being “caught out”.可知我很羞愧地承认这一 点，但在我过去的生活中，我假装知道发生了什么，而实际上我并不知道，因为害怕被“逮 住”。由此可知，作者在第一段告诉我们他对过去撒谎的羞耻感。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 In the school cafeteria, when people talked about TV shows, which I didn’t have the channels for, or on MSN Messenger, when I read unfamiliar song lyrics my friends had shared, I felt upset and I’d pretend to be calm and recognize what they were talking about, like everyone else.可知在学校的自助餐厅，当人们谈论我没有频道的电视节目时，或者 在 MSN 上，当我读到我的朋友们分享的陌生的歌词时，我感到沮丧，我就会假装冷静，像其 他人一样明白他们在说什么。第二段最后一句 I thought that if I didn’t know what was going on, it betrayed a moral failing and exposed me as a boy who was deeply uncool and actually, a bit stupid. 可知我想，如果我不知道发生了什么，这就暴露了我的道德缺陷，暴露了我这个非常不酷， 甚至有点愚蠢的男孩。和第三段第二句 I prayed I wouldn’t be found out what I really was, or I would feel embarrassed.可知我祈祷我不会被发现真正的我，否则我会感到尴尬。由此可推知， 作者过去因不知道别人谈论的话题而感到焦虑、尴尬。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 I would follow up each incident with some diligent homework on the subject, trying to 可知，作者对每一件事都认真做功课，是为了试图掩饰自己的无知。由此可推知，画 线词“disguise”意为“掩饰”。A. Hide.掩饰，隐藏；B. Beat.打败；C. Expose.暴露；D. Fool. 愚弄。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Instead of hurrying to make up some funny opinion about a show I’ve never seen, I’ll say something like: “I’ve heard of that show but I haven’t watched it yet” Saying “I don’t know” is such a simple thing. I’m sorry that it took me so long to start saying that. I’ve changed my attitude towards something I don’t know in life. I’ll never get caught in an embarrassing lie again.可知与其急着就一个我没看过的节目编一些有趣的观点，不如这样 说:“我听说过那个节目，但我还没看过。”说“我不知道”是一件很简单的事情。我很抱歉 这么久才开始这么说。我改变了对生活中一些我不知道的事情的态度。我再也不会被逮个正 着了。结合文章主要讲述了作者因担心被人认为像个傻瓜而假装什么都知道，最后由于身心 俱疲，下定决心说出“不知道”，从而改变了他的生活态度的故事。由此可推知，作者写这 篇文章的目的是告诉我们说“我不知道”如何改变了他的生活态度。故选 D。 C Back when the Mississippi River flowed wild, its ever-changing waters moved soil across the North American continent. It picked up sand and dirt in the north and brought it to the southern areas of what we now call the state of Louisiana. Thousands of years later, man-made barriers called levees (防洪堤) and flood-control systems control the powerful river. But Louisiana officials are making plans to use the Mississippi River’s ancient power to build new land as a way to ease the threat of rising seas. Engineers hope to remake the destroyed low-lying lands by copying nature—digging into the levees and redirecting the water. The water holds a lot of small dirt sediments (沉淀物). The sediments can flow into coastal basins. Some critics question whether the idea presents its own environmental risks. But if it does work, the project would rebuild an important protection against storm waves. It would also help the land provide new living areas for birds and fish that depend on wetlands. Saltwater is destroying the coast. Pathways cut for oil and gas development, boat travel and logging have worsened the problem. The state estimates that it has lost about 518,000 hectares of land since 1932. If nothing is done, more than twice that much land could disappear over the next 50 years. Experts and officials have discussed the idea of using the river to rebuild the coast for many years. But it was not until money became available from the 2010 BP oil spill that the plan began to really take shape. In 2010, an explosion killed 11 people on an oil rig (石油钻塔) off the Gulf Coast that energy company BP operated. Millions of gallons of oil then flowed into the water over the next three months. One year later, the United States government ruled that BP was responsible for the accident, The company was ordered to pay billions of dollars for the damage. Louisiana is putting much of its share of the money toward coastal restoration. 8. What advantage will the new land bring? A. Preventing severe drought. B. Creating habitats for animals. C. Controlling the powerful river. D. Increasing the northern farm land. 9. What can cause the coast to disappear faster? A. Energy changes. B. Destroyed levees. C. Man-made disasters. D. Man-made water protection systems. 10. What made the plan of rebuilding the coast land come into effect? A. The restoration of an oil rig. B. The payment of compensation by BP. C. The strong demand from oil companies. D. The special support from some local critics. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Use Nature Power to Stop Soil Losing B. Let the River Go Back to Its Original State C. Fight Coastal Destruction by Copying Nature D. Remove the Man-Made Barriers from the River 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 本文是说眀文，主要讲述了路易斯安那州希望通过复制自然来对抗沿海的破坏。工程师们希 望通过挖开堤坝和重新引导水流来改造被破坏的低洼土地，创建新陆地。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 It would also help the land provide new living areas for birds and fish that depend on wetlands.“它还将帮助土地为依赖湿地的鸟类和鱼类提供新的生活区域。” 可知，新陆地将有助于为依赖湿地的鸟类和鱼类提供新的栖息地。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句 Pathways cut for oil and gas development, boat travel and logging have worsened the problem.“因石油和天然气的开发使而被切断的航道，船只通行和伐木使问题 更加恶化。”可知，石油和天然气开发、船只通行和森林采伐，使这个问题更加恶化，由此判 断出导致海岸加速消失的原因是人为灾难。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容 The company was ordered to pay billions of dollars for the damage. Louisiana is putting much of its share of the money toward coastal restoration.“该公司被责 令赔偿数十亿美元的损失。路易斯安那州将大部分资金用于海岸修复。”可知，直到 2011 年 BP 石油公司漏油事件的赔偿资金到位，重建海岸的计划才真正开始实施。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句 But Louisiana officials are making plans to use the Mississippi River’s ancient power to build new land as a way to ease the threat of rising seas.“但是路易斯安那 州的官员们正在制定计划，利用密西西比河古老的能量建造新的土地，以缓解海平面上升的 威 胁 。 ” 和 第 二 段 Engineers hope to remake the destroyed low-lying lands by copying nature—digging into the levees and redirecting the water. The water holds a lot of small dirt sediments (沉淀物). The sediments can flow into coastal basins.“工程师们希望通过复制自然规 律，在防洪堤上挖洞，重新引导河水流向，从而重建被破坏的低洼土地。水有很多小污垢沉 积物(沉淀物)。沉积物可以流入海岸盆地。”可知，文章谈论的话题是路易斯安那州希望通过 模仿自然来对抗沿海的破坏。所以短文的最佳标题为“通过复制自然来对抗沿海的破坏”故。 选 C。 D Using modern technology, archaeologists (考古学家) have recently discovered about 200 Mayan artifacts (玛雅古器) in Mexico, which surprisingly, appear to have been untouched for up to 1,000 years. The artifacts were found inside a cave in ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula. The lead researcher on the project is Mexican archaeologist Guillermo de Anda. He called the cave a “scientific treasure”. The findings included bone pieces and burnt offering materials. In addition, incense burners, vases, plates and other objects were discovered. Some items included the portrait of Tlaloc, the rain god of central Mexico. The cave where the objects were found is so unique. It is part of a cave system known as Balamku. The cave is long, narrow and dark. It is about three kilometers east of the main pyramid of Kukulkan. It sits at the center of Chichen Itza which is the stone city described by the United Nations as “one of the greatest Mayan centers of the Yucatan Peninsula.” The cave sits about 24 meters underground, with areas connected by passages. Some of the passages were so narrow that researchers had to climb in or pull themselves through. The team has so far explored about 460 meters of the cave, and is unsure how far it stretches. The team plans to continue exploring the cave. The found artifacts will not be removed, but studied inside. The team accidentally found the artifacts while exploring Chichen Itza in an effort to learn more about its underground water system. The new discovery will help scientists better understand the history, culture, lives and beliefs of people who lived in Chichen Itza, especially in the boom years. Archaeologists believe there may be another cave hidden under the pyramid of Kukulkan that could be connected to the latest find. “Let’s hope God will lead us there,” Guillermo de Anda said. “That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites to find a connection to the natural well under the Kukulkan.” 12. What’s amazing about the Mayan artifacts discovered in Mexico? A. The long history and perfect state. B. The digging time and location. C. The current high price. D. The variety of usage. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The features of the cave. B. The findings in the cave. C. The ancient cave system. D. The origin of Mayan centers. 14. What is the significance of the new discovery? A. It can help scientists register cultural relics. B. It can encourage archaeologists to form work beliefs. C. It can help scientists further learn about Mayan civilization. D. It can arouse the interest of Mexicans in archaeology. 15. What will archaeologists do next according to the last paragraph? A. Dig wells under the Kukulkan. B. Move the findings to another cave. C. Find the cause of groundwater disappearance. D. Try to find another cave under the pyramid of Kukulkan. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。最近，在墨西哥，考古学家使用现代技术发现了 200 件玛雅古器，这些 古器是在古代玛雅文明遗址的一个洞穴里发现的。短文报道了洞穴的特点、发掘的物品以及 发掘的意义。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 Using modern technology, archaeologists (考古学家) have recently discovered about 200 Mayan artifacts (玛雅古器) in Mexico, which surprisingly, appear to have been untouched for up to 1,000 years.可知，最近，在墨西哥，考古学家使用现代技术发现了 200 件玛雅古器，让人惊讶地是，这些古器似乎已经有 1000 年没被碰过了。由此可知，令人惊讶 的是，在墨西哥发现的玛雅古器的悠久的历史和完美的状态。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段 The cave where the objects were found is so unique.可知，发现古器的 洞穴非常独特。由此可知，这一自然段是关于这个洞穴的特征的。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 The new discovery will help scientists better understand the history, culture, lives and beliefs of people who lived in Chichen Itza, especially in the boom years.可知，这 个新发现将帮助科学家更好地了解奇琴伊察居民的历史、文化、生活和信仰，特别是在经济 繁荣时期。因此，这个新发现的意义在于它能让科学家进一步了解玛雅文明。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Archaeologists believe there may be another cave hidden under the pyramid of Kukulkan that could be connected to the latest find.可知，考古学家相信，库库尔坎金 字塔下可能还有一个洞穴，可能与最新的发现有关。由此判断出，考古学家接下来会设法找 到库库尔坎金字塔下面的另外一个洞穴。故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 If you’re enjoying a cup of tea while reading this, you’re supporting just about every organ in your body. Unsweetened tea can prevent some diseases and help repair cells in the body. The popularity of Chinese tea cannot be separated from its medicinal value. Your heart will thank you. Tea’s properties can keep your blood vessels (血管) relaxed and clear, putting less stress on your heart, and thus slow down block formation in vital blood vessels. ____16____. Your risk of the brain disease could decrease. ____17____. It’s important to know the early warning signs and do what you can to prevent it. Green tea can help you develop resistance against stress and potentially Alzheimer’s disease. The special substance in it protects cells from damage. ____18____. If you spend your nights turnings try relaxing yourself with a cup of east-Asian medicinal tea before bed, which can improve sleeplessness. ____19____, it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research. Your attention may improve. The caffeine in tea can improve your attention and awareness. The unique acid to tea may also improve attention by relaxing the brain, but stimulating it when it is time to focus. ___20___. try making a warm cup of tea just before it’s time to work or consider these reasons you may not be able to focus. A. Your sleep could improve B. Your body becomes more energetic C. When you have the habit of getting up early D. Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea E. you ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration F. So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart G. The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E 【解析】 本文是说眀文，主要讲述了喝茶对人的影响：改善心脏功能，降低患老年痴呆症的风险，改 善睡眠和延长注意力持续时间。 【16 题详解】 根据上文提示“茶的特性可以让你的血管放松和畅通，减少你的心脏的压力，从而减缓重要血 管阻塞的形成。”承接上文，F 项 So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart（所以喝适量的红茶对心脏有益。）切题。故选 F。 【17 题详解】 根据上文提示“你患脑部疾病的风险会降低。”再根据下文提示“重要的是要了解早期预警信号， 并尽你所能预防它。”承接上下文，G 项 The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary（一想到你被诊断出患有脑部疾病就很可怕。）切题。故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据下文提示“如果你晚上睡觉，试着在睡前喝一杯东亚药茶来放松自己，这可以改善失眠。” 承接下文，A 项 Your sleep could improve（你的睡眠质量会提高。）切题。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 分 析 句 子 结 构 “____4____, it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research.”该空应该是状语从句或非谓 语动词的句子。再根据后半句“根据一项综合医学研究，它可以帮助改善那些轻度失眠的人的 睡眠和生活质量。”承接下半句，D 项 Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea （一旦你养成了喝那种茶的习惯。）切题。故选 D。 【20 题详解】 根据上文提示“茶中独特的酸也可以通过放松大脑来提高注意力，但当需要集中注意力时，就 会刺激大脑。”再根据下文提示“试着在工作前泡一杯热茶，或者考虑一下你可能无法集中注意 力的原因。”承接上下文，E 项 you ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration（你会 发现自己很难集中注意力。）切题。E 项中的中心词“concentration”和下文主句中的关键词 “focus”的意思相近。故选 E。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中.选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。 I wasn’t particularly great at school. And 1 wasn’t the ____21____ boy because was quiet and shy. Mrs Kerswell was my English teacher. It’s hard to ____22____ her exact age. When you’re a child, every adult is ____23____. She must be past middle age, with grey hair and a(n) ____24____ face. Her lessons were in a totally stress-free environment. However, I was really ____25____ because I went from a ____26____ school with 28 people up to the sort of bigger town junior high school. I didn’t ____27____ anyone. No one from my ____28____ school went there because we all went to different schools. I really struggled in my first year to ____29____. Thanks to Mrs Kerswell she was really the sort of humorous teacher you could have chats with, who read materials that weren’t on the syllabus (教学大纲) just for ______30______. She managed to make Beowulf interesting to a number of ______31______. She was key in keeping my love of reading going. It certainly wasn’t a ______32______ thing for a boy of that age to love ______33______ as an entertainment. Actually, I just treated it as a learning task. But she reminded me that books were fun and they weren’t just about learning or the ______34______. When I was 13, I wasn’t excellent at writing. But she allowed and ______35______ me to write in a natural way. Unlike my other teachers, she told me not to use the fanciest ______36______. “Writing is not about flowery language but about real communication. ______37______, you’re having a conversation on a page,” she said. So it made me realize that I didn’t have to ______38______ about it too much. I saw her once, over 10 years ago. My writing career was going well, and she was proud of my achievements and ______39______ as a writer, and I really ______40______ her for keeping the fame on. 21. A. fattest B. quietest C. naughtiest D. loneliest 22. A. leave out B. work out C. adapt to D. amount to 23. A. old B. friendly C. innocent D. lively 24. A. blue B. honest C. guilty D. kind 25. A. relaxed B. disappointed C. stressed D. relax 26. A. city B. league C. village D. town 27. A. assign B. accept C. acknowledge D. know 28. A. junior B. primary C. senior D. social 29. A. fit B. give C. break D. check 30. A. defense B. fun C. victory D. fame 31. A. writers B. teenagers C. celebrities D. teachers 32. A. cool B. flexible C. major D. painful 33. A. speaking B. writing C. reading D. learning 34. A. courses B. progress C. entertainment D. hobbies 35. A. commanded B. forbade C. warned D. encouraged 36. A. words B. means C. ways D. ideas 37. A. Gradually B. Basically C. Ridiculously D. Awkwardly 38. A. enquire B. bring C. doubt D. worry 39. A. habit B. interest C. privilege D. reputation 40. A. promoted B. criticized C. thanked D. dismissed 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在 Kerswel 老师的引导和鼓励下，成为一名成功的作家 的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是最淘气的男孩，因为我很安静且害羞。A. fattest 最胖的； B. quietest 最安静的；C. naughtiest 最淘气的；D. loneliest 最孤独的。由下文的 because was quiet and shy 可知，作者不是最淘气（naughtiest）的男孩，因为他安静、害羞。故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很难计算出她的确切年龄。A. leave out 排除；B. work out 计算出； C. adapt to 适应；D. amount to 总计。由下文语境可知，当你是个孩子的时候，每个成年人都 是老的，说明很难计算出（work out）Kerswell 老师的确切年龄。故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你还是个孩子的时候，每个成年人都是老的。A. old 老的；B. friendly 友好的；C. innocent 天真的；D. lively 生动的。由上文语境可知，作者很难计算出 Kerswell 老师的确切年龄，是因为当你是个孩子的时候，每个成年人都是老的（old）。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一定已过中年，头发花白，面容和善。A. blue 蓝色的；B. honest 诚实的；C. guilty 愧疚的；D. kind 和善的。由下文的 Her lessons were in a totally stress-free environment 可知，Kerswell 老师的课程完全没有压力，她应该是一位和善的老师。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查语境理解。句意：然而，我真的很紧张，因为我从一所有 28 人的乡村学校升到了一所更 大的镇初中。A. relaxed 放松的；B. disappointed 失望的；C. stressed 紧张的、压力的；D. relax 放松。由下文语境可知，作者从一所只有 28 人的乡村学校升入一所更大的城镇初中，所以作 者很紧张（stressed）。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我真的很紧张，因为我从一所有 28 人的乡村学校升到了一 所更大的镇初中。A. city 城市；B. league 联盟；C. village 乡村；D. town 城镇。由下文的 the sort of bigger town junior high school 可知，作者是从一所只有 28 人的乡村（village）学校升入一所 更大的城镇初中。故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认识任何人。A. assign 分配；B. accept 接受；C. acknowledge 承认；D. know 知道。由上下文语境可知，作者是从一所只有 28 人的乡村学校升入一所更大 的城镇初中，并且他们村的学生没有人去这所学校，所以作者谁也不认识（know）。故选 D 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我小学没人去那里，因为我们都去了不同的学校。A. junior 初中 的；B. primary 小学教育的；C. senior 高中的；D. social 社会的。由上文中的关键词 junior high school 可知，作者从乡村小学（primary school）升入一所城镇初中。故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一年真的很难适应。A. fit 适应；B. give 给予；C. break 打破； D. check 核查。由上文中的关键词 struggled 可知，作者在初中的第一年真的很难适应（fit）。 故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她读的材料不在教学大纲上，只是为了好玩。A. defense 防御；B. fun 乐趣；C. victory 胜利；D. fame 名声。由上文中的 she was really the sort of humorous teacher you could have chats with 可知，Kerswell 老师很幽默，你可以和她聊天，她朗读教学大纲上没有的 材料只是让学生觉得有趣（fun）。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她设法使《贝奥武夫》引起了许多青少年的兴趣。A. writers 作家； B. teenagers 青少年；C. celebrities 名人；D. teachers 教师。由上文中的关键词 junior high school 和下文的 When I was 13 可知，此处应该选青少年（teenagers）。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那个年龄的男孩来说，喜欢读书作为娱乐当然不是一件很 酷的事。A. cool 冷酷的；B. flexible 灵活的；C. major 主要的；D. painful 痛苦的。由上下文语 境可知，对于那个年纪的男孩子来说，把读书作为一种娱乐当然不是一件很酷（cool）的事情。 故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那个年龄的男孩来说，喜欢读书作为娱乐当然不是一件很酷 的事。A. speaking 说；B. writing 写；C. reading 读书；D. learning 学习。由上下文语境可知， 对于那个年纪的男孩子来说，把读书（reading）作为一种娱乐当然不是一件很酷的事情。故 选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她提醒我，书很有趣，不仅仅是关于学习或课程。A. courses 课 程；B. progress 进步；C. entertainment 娱乐；D. hobbies 业余爱好。由上下文语境可知，她提 醒我，书是有趣的，不仅仅是为了学习或课程（courses）。故选 A 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她允许并鼓励我用自然的方式写作。A. commanded 命令；B. forbade 禁止；C. warned 警告；D. encouraged 鼓励。由上文的 I wasn’t excellent at writing 可知，作者 不擅长写作，但 Kerswell 老师鼓励（encouraged）他用自然的方式写作。故选 D 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我的其他老师不同，她告诉我不要用最花哨的词。A. words 词， 话语；B. means 方式；C. ways 方法；D. ideas 想法。由下文中的 Writing is not about flowery language but about real communication 可知，写作不在于华丽的语言，而在于真实的交流， Kerswell 老师告诉作者不要用最花哨的词（words）。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“写作不是华丽的语言，而是真正的交流。基本上，你是在一个 页面上进行对话，”她说。A. Gradually 渐渐地；B. Basically 基本地；C. Ridiculously 荒谬地； D. Awkwardly 尴 尬 地 。 由 上 文 中 的 Writing is not about flowery language but about real communication 可知，写作不在于华丽的语言，而在于真实的交流，所以是基本上（Basically）， 你是在页面上进行对话。故选 B 项。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以这让我意识到我不必太担心。A. enquire 询问；B. bring 带来； C. doubt 怀疑；D. worry 担忧。由上文语境可知，Kerswell 老师说，写作不在于华丽的语言， 而在于真实的交流，只是在页面上进行对话，因此 Kerswell 老师的话使作者意识到不必过多 地担心（worry）写作。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的写作生涯很顺利，她为我的成就和作为一个作家的声誉感到 骄傲。A. habit 习惯；B. interest 兴趣；C. privilege 特权；D. reputation 名声。由下文中的关键 词 fame 可知，此处应该选名声（reputation）。故选 D 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的感谢她让我的名声流传下去。A. promoted 促进；B. criticized 批评；C. thanked 感谢；D. dismissed 解雇。由上下文语境可知，作者非常感激（thanked）Kerswell 老师让他的名声流传下去。故选 C 项。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要 遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 19 小题，由下文中的关键词 fame 可知，此 处应该选名声（reputation）。句意：我的写作生涯很顺利，她为我的成就和作为一个作家的声 誉感到骄傲。故选 D 项。 第二节(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the beginning of the year a mystery donor in the German city of Braunschweig ____41____ (give) away several “miracle (奇迹) bags” containing over 200,000 euros in cash to ____42____ (differ) charities. The bags, each ____43____ (fill) with banknotes worth between 20,000 and 100,000 euros, started appearing at the Braunschweiger Zeitung newspaper headquarters earlier this year, with specific instructions of which local charities the money should go to. The recent one, a bag which contained 100,000 euro bills, ____44____ (receive) last Monday along with instructions that it should be donated to a local hospice (收容所), but other “miracle bags” have gone to ____45____ (church), organizations and several other causes. “To make it easier for seriously sick people is a sign of human warmth and earns respect and recognition,” a letter attached to ____46____ latest “miracle bag” read. Employees at the local hospice are ____47____ (obvious) delighted to have received their largest donation ever, ____48____ will help them look after even more patients. What’s even more special about this mystery donor ____49____ (be) that he seems to have been donating since 2011. That’s when local newspapers started receiving “miracle bags” along with instructions of where the money should go, but no one can say for sure ______50______ it’s the same person or not. 【答案】41. has given 42. different 43. filled 44. was received 45. churches 46. the 47. obviously 48. which 49. is 50. whether 【解析】 【分析】 本文是记叙文。自今年初以来，神秘的捐赠在德国 Braunschweig 出现，大量的现金被捐给不 同的慈善机构，用来帮助重病患者接受治疗。 【41 题详解】 考查动词时态。根据句首的现在完成时的标志词 since 可知，此处应该用现在完成时，主语 a mystery donor 是单数概念。故填 has given。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词。修饰名词 charities，用形容词 different 作定语。故填 different。 【43 题详解】 考查过去分词。逻辑主语 the bags 和动词 fill 是动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填 filled。 【44 题详解】 考查动词时态及语态。句中主语 a bag 和动词 receive 是被动关系，在句中作谓语用被动语态； 根据时间状语 last Monday 可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was received。 【45 题详解】 考查名词复数。church 意为“教堂”是可数名词，此处表泛指，和 organizations, causes 并列， 应用复数形式。故填 churches。 【46 题详解】 考查冠词。根据后面的形容词最高级 latest 可知，应该填入定冠词修饰最高级。故填 the。 【47 题详解】 考查副词。修饰形容词 delighted，用副词。故填 obviously。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句。此处是非限定性定语从句，donation 是先行词，指物，关系词在从句中做主语， 应用 which 引导。故填 which。 【49 题详解】 考查主谓一致。根据下文中的时态和 what 引导的主语从句可知，此处应该用一般现在时的第 三人称单数。故填 is。 【50 题详解】 考查名词性从句。此处指没人能确定是不是同一个人。分析句子结构可知，此处用 whether 引 导宾语从句，whether …or not 意为“是否”。故填 whether。 【点睛】小题 10 考查了名词性从句，名词性从句关键在于三点： 一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是 同位语从句；此处是宾语从句。 二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）； 三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此处用 whether 引导宾语从句，whether …or not 意为“是否”。 此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区 别上考查。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改；在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Sometimes 1 feel that living in a city makes people lonely than before. People always feel strangers cannot trusted. They think this is not normal to start talking to anyone or even smile at anyone. I desire to change that. Last week while I was skate, a man ran by, smiling at me. He said something to me about doing sports or he hoped to be able to finishing his run. I smiled back and said that he certain would. And then a family cycles by when I was in the park. One of the girl waved at me with a big smile, and I waved back enthusiastically. I do believe such small gestures can change into the world we live in. 【答案】1.lonely→lonelier 2.在 trusted 前加 be 3. this→it 4.skate→skating 5.or→and 6. finishing→finish 7. certain→certainly 8. cycles→cycled 9. girl→girls 10. 去掉 into 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。城市生活中人们总觉得陌生人不可信，作者想改变这一点，通过对陌生人 微笑这些小动作来改变我们生活的世界。 【详解】1.考查形容词比较级。根据后面的关键词 than 可知，此处应该用形容词 lonely 的比 较级形式 lonelier，故将 lonely 改为 lonelier。 2.考查被动语态。句意：人们总觉得陌生人不可信。分析句子可知，feel 后面的宾语从句中， 主语 strangers 与动词 trust 之间为被动关系，结合前面的情态动词可知，trust 前面应加 be 动词 形成被动语态。故在 trusted 前加 be。 3.考查代词。句意：他们认为主动和任何人说话甚至对任何人微笑是不正常的。此处为“it is+adj.+to do sth. ”结构，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故将 this 改为 it。 4.考查现在分词。句意：上周，当我滑冰的时候，一个男人从我身边跑过，冲我微笑。while 引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，此处应为 was+现在分词构成过去进行时。 故将 skate 改为 skating。 5.考查连词。句意：他对我说了一些关于运动的事，并希望能完成他的跑步。根据句意可知， 此处前后之间为顺承关系，应该用 and 连接两个句子，故将 or 改为 and。 6.考查不定式。be able to do sth 意为“能够做某事”，是固定搭配。故将 finishing 改为 finish。 7.考查副词。句意：我微笑着回应说他一定会的。分析句子可知，would 后省略 finish his run， 故此处应该用 certainly 修饰动词 finish。故将 certain 改为 certainly。 8.考查时态。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时。故将 cycles 改为 cycled。 9.考查名词复数。one of 后接可数名词复数，表示“……中之一”，故将 girl 改为 girls。 10.考查介词。句意：我相信这样的小动作能改变我们生活的世界。根据句意可知， change 在 这里是及物动词，介词 into 多余。故去掉 into。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你居住的社区将举办包粽子（wrapping zongzi）活动。请给你的外教 Smith 写封信。邀请他参加，内容包括： 1. 活动的时间和地点； 2. 活动的目的和意义； 3. 表达你的期待。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr Smith, Dragon boat festival is coming. I’m writing to invite you to join us in a very interesting activity called wrapping zongzi, which will be held in my community square from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm this Sunday. As is known to all Chinese, zongzi is a must in China to celebrate this traditional festival. A lot of residents will take part in the activity so that they can get to know each other better and have more fun. Of course, this is also one way to honor Qu Yuan, an ancient poet. I’m sure you will love it if you come to this activity. Looking forward to your arrival. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类作文。要求写一封邀请信，邀请 Smith 参加你所居住的社区将举办包粽子 （wrapping zongzi）活动。 【详解】文章主要分为三部分。首先开门见山，点明写信的目的。可以使用诸如：I’m writing to invite you …结构，还可以采用定语从句或动词不定式来作定语，修饰 the wrapping zongzi activity。其次，要点明活动的时间、地点、目的和意义。该部分可以采用被动句式，例如：the activity will be held。也可以用动词不定式表目的，也可采用从句。应以将来时态为主。最后， 要表达自己的期待，期待 Smith 可以参加这次活动。 【点睛】所给范文条理清楚，内容明确，要点齐全。长短句交叉使用。充分使用了一些较好的 词汇或句式，例如：非谓语动词（called wrapping zongzi）；定语从句（which will be held in my community square from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm this Sunday）；目的状语从句（so that they can get to know each other better and have more fun）。这些为文章增色不少。