2020届江苏省高三英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题一词多义、熟词生义(共43张PPT)课件 43页

高三英语二轮复习 I. 何为一词多义 II.如何推测熟词生义 III. 考点互动探究 1.Please forward this message to students of my history class. 2.The fact that she never apologized __________ a lot about what kind of person she is. 3.Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to __________ them too hard. 4.--Do you have enough to ___________ all your daily expenses? 二、请在横线上写出划线词的中文意思： 5.In the UK, police officers usually do not carry arms. _______________ 6.It’s no good speaking ill of others behind them. __________________ 7.You may know a man by the company he keeps. __________________ 8.If I chance to find out where she is, I’ll inform you immediately. _______________ 9.I can still remember he was always wearing a smile and willing to help. ________ 10.Every teacher was impressed by little John’s industry. He usually stayed up late, studying. _________________ 11.Young people should learn to shoulder the duty. _______________ 碰巧 v. 流露、面带 vt. 勤奋 n. 承担 vt. Can you can a can like a canner cans a can? I think that that that that that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong. He never saw a saw saw a saw. 情态动词 开罐 vt. 罐头 n. 开罐 vt. 罐头 n. 连词 指示代词 名词 关系代词 指示代词 看到 vt. 锯子 n. 锯 vt. 锯子 n. - Can you get down from an elephant？ - No. You can only get down from the ducks. - Why is the stadium so cool？ - Because there are so many fans. 绒毛 n. 风扇 n. 狂热爱好者 一词多义是一种普遍而重要的语言现象，也是 英语词汇一大特色，英语中纯粹的单义词很少， 绝大多数词都是多义词，即一个词有两个或两个 以上的意义。 我们在学习英语词汇的过程里，更多的只是关 注某个词的某个基本意思，而往往忽略掉它的其 他意思，导致在文章中遇到某个熟词时却找不到 符合语境的词义。因此我们应当通过探索适当的 词汇学习方法，来提高效率。 如何理解英语单词的一词多义？ commit = com + mit com: together, with mit: 来源于拉丁语“mittere”，意思是“send” 所以直译commit: send (to sb.) with sth. 1. send to other people with promise，意思就是“承诺”； 2. send to other people with crime，意思 就是“犯罪、做错事”； 3. send to someone with task，意思是“委派任务”； 4. send to self with suicide，意思是“自杀”。 --摘自公众号“词汇那些事儿” n. 柱子 There are four columns in front of this bank. n. 列，栏 There are four columns on the front page of this newspaper. n. 未成年人 He can't vote in the election - he's still a minor! adj. 少量的 Don't worry, it's only a minor spill! n. 病人 Good doctors take time to listen to their patients. adj. 耐心的 The children were patient while they waited for the bus. n. 种类 What kind of juice would you like? adj. 善良的 He is a very kind young man. n. 椅子 It's important to have a comfortable chair if you sit at work. n. 主席 The new chair of the committee has a lot of great ideas. n. 光 Plants need light from the sun to grow. 植物的生长需 要阳光。 adj. 轻的 Your suitcase is so light! 你的手提箱这么轻！ n. 小说 He couldn't wait to read the new novel from the library. adj. 新颖的 He suggested a novel solution for the problem. n. 原木 When people go camping, they collect logs to build fires. v. 记录 Our teacher logs our attendance every day. n. 季节 He always carries an umbrella during rainy season. v. 给 (食物) 调味 I add salt to season the soup. n. 滴 These plants only need a few drops of water each day. v. 掉落 She cried after she dropped her ice cream on the floor. n. 把手 The handle helps you open the drawer. v. 处理 A secretary handles office communications. 如何推测熟词生义？ ①应用联想，结合上下文语境推断。 ②应用联想，结合词性变化推断。 ①应用联想，结合上下文语境推断。 The city began to breathe again. 这座城市恢复了生机。 These people are burning with curiosity. 这些人完全按捺不住自己的好奇心。 ②应用联想，结合词性变化推断。 Crowds of people jammed airports, railway stations and long-distance bus hubs at the start of the festival. Jam: n. 果酱 --> traffic jam 交 通堵塞 --> vt. 堵塞 考点互动探究 单选题中的应用 1. —You need to be fully ________ to the danger of leaving your belongings unattended while traveling alone. —Thanks for reminding me! A. devoted B. allergic C. exposed D. awake 2. Beijing has set the city’s population ________ at 23 million by 2020 due to water scarcity and big city diseases such as traffic jam. A. budget B. ceiling C. explosion D. standard 3. The _____ of severe punishments plays a major role in the growing road safety problem. A. presence B. absence C. existence D. evidence 4. —What’s up, detective? —I thought the case was off. Everything fell into __________ so perfectly. But I'm wrong. A.place B. step C. pieces D. ruins 5. —Why do you think the music is used? —To ________ the plot, not simply to keep the toes tapping. A. lose B. discover C. forward D. construct 6. As she was watching the movie, her thoughts __________ back to her youth. A. wandered B. wondered C. reflected D. turned 7. On the few extremely cold nights in January, lots of people _______ early to bed at the least suspicion of a chill. A. retired B. stuck C. escaped D. remained 完型中的应用 【2017年全国卷3】He posted his offer on a social networking website, and received thousands of e- mails. Post v.邮寄；发布（信息），发帖子 n.帖子 【2017年北京卷】She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause. Cause n.原因，理由；事业；理想；目标 v.导致 【2014年四川】In fact, they're hard to spot, because they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching. Spot n.地点，斑点， v.认出，弄脏 【2014年天津卷】During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Break v.坏；破 n.休息 【2014年福建卷】My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t afford lessons. Long adj.长的 v.渴望 【2014年浙江卷】I was a new teacher, and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. Account n.账户；描述 【2013新课标卷2】It runs in the family. Michael's father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Run v.跑；延续，持续 【2017·江苏卷】In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there. A. rising up B. coming up C. driving up D. turning up 【D】 广告中巧用一词多义 只有可口可乐能让您 神清气爽。 can 有两种意思，名词 解释为“听、罐”，情 态动词意为“能” bite 一词有三层意思，刺骨、食物、吃。 当寒风冰冷刺骨，而您又想吃点什么的时候，嚼嚼全营养 坚果。 Try our sweet corn, you'll smile from ear to ear. 尝尝我们的甜玉米,包你乐得合不拢嘴 ear可解释为穗和耳朵， from ear to ear 一语双关， 既表示了因满意而乐得合 不拢嘴，又表示因喜欢而 吃了一穗又一穗，广告词 中的双关语构思巧妙，新 颖别致，令人难忘。 A deal with us means a good deal to you. 和我们做买卖意味着您做了一笔好买卖。 Read whenever possible. ... Write down new words. ... Vocally practise new words. ... Visually remembering words is very helpful. ... Play word games online and look up the meanings of new words as you encounter them. ... Use new words regularly so that you don't forget them. ...