河南省许昌市市一高2020届高三高考预测卷（三）英语试题 Word版含解析 22页

- 1 - 2020 年河南省许昌市市一高高三英语 高考预测卷（三） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节， 满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A B.C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Our new childcare location in Scheveningen! The center is surrounded by numerous international institutes and embassies and is conveniently located just 10 minues from The Hague city center. You can easily pick up and drop off your child thanks to the many parking spaces close to the entrance. Our services Big Ben Kids provides day care, preschool care and afer-school care. Our activity progamme includes language lessons, violin lessons, guitar lessons and much more. Activites are held indoors, but can also be external, such as swimming in the river, and field trips to the woods. Children learn dancing, making music, and the native language---Dutch! They learn through play. Our curriculum is carefully designed in such a way that the children don't even notice how much they learrn each day. For them, it's all about playing and having fun! What does Big Ben Kids offer your family? ●Homelike environment A warm and stimulating(趣味盎然的) atmosphere that allows children to grow and develop safely. ●A truly international place Our staff members come from all over the world, just like the families we serve. We are therefore acutely aware that our centers should be much more than places that simply care for children. We always go the extra mile to help families and try to bring everyone together to form a friendly international community . ●Healthy meals At Big Ben Kids, we serve two warm, healthy ,homemade meals each day. The snacks are nutritious as well, with lots of fruit and vegetables.Parents receive our menu - 2 - every week in advance. 1. Where does the center probably lie? A. Germany. B. France. C. Holland. D. Sweden. 2. Who is the center mainly intended for? A. Foreign children. B. Preschool children. C. Native children. D. Athletic children. 3. What are parents aware of about their children ahead of time? A. What activities their children join. B. What meals their children are served. C. How their children perform in class. D. Whether their children finish homework. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了 Scheveningen 新开了一家托儿所以及该托儿所提供的一系列服 务。 【1 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 “Children learn dancing,making music,and the native language-Dutch!”可知学生们在托管中心要学习本土语——荷兰语，可以判断这个中心很可 能位于荷兰。故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Our staff members come from all over the world,just like the families we serve”可知这个儿童托管中心主要是针对生活在本市的外国孩子开办的。故选 A 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Parents receive our menu every week in advance”可知，父母可以 提前收到孩子们的菜单，由此可见父母对于孩子们在托管中心吃什么是非常清楚的。故选 B 项。 B Before my daughter, Evelyn, was born, I eagerly expected her first year of life. I imagined celebrating every milestone --- bonding with her as a newborn, seeing her - 3 - smile for the first time, hearing her say her first word. 1 didn't think of feeding tubes, long hospital stays or an organ transplant( 移植). For Evelyn, the first year included all and more. Evelyn came into this world at just 34 weeks, weighing less than 3 pounds. Genetic testing revealed she had Alagille syndrome, a genetic disorder that can damage the liver(肝脏),heart and other organs. Soon, we received the news that baby Evelyn needed a liver transplant. Our family moved nearer to UPMC Children's Hospial of Pittsburgh so that we were closer if a liver was available for Evelyn. When Evelyn was added to the organ donation wait list, I was under the liver allocation policy in place at that time,which was map-based. This policy lacks any special consideration for transplant candidates.We were told it would likely take three months. Just then, a new policy for liver allocation was tried out.Under the new system, the sickest child patients get first priority(优先).The new policy was only in effect for a litle over a week, but in that period, Evelyn received her liver transplant. Had it been just one week earler or later, we would not have received the call. As Evelyn recovers from her transplant, we are grateful for the change.I am also sad, because the new policy was short-lived. That means another mom like me might not receive that phone call with good news. Other children should have the same opportunity as Evelyn to live healthy, happy lives. When it comes to liver transplant policy, we can and must do better for children. 4. What probably happened to Evelyn shorly after she was born? A. She failed to give a smile. B. She had a serious liver failure. C. She said her first word quickly. D. She suffered from a heart attack. 5. Why did the author's family move nearer to the hospital? A. To save time. B. To have money. C. To see a doctor. - 4 - D. To get first priority. 6. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence? A. Evelyn is healthy now. B. They waited too long. C. They were one week earlier. D. Her daughter is fortunate. 7. What does the author want to express in the last pargraph? A. We must guarantee kids have healthy livers. B. Kids should have chances of a liver transplant. C. The sickest kids should get liver transplants first. D. The old policy lacks special consideration for kids. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了新生儿 Evelyn 患了肝衰竭并幸运接收到新政策的帮助。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Genetic testing revealed she had Alagille syndrome, a genetic disorder that can damage the liver,heart and other organs.”可知作者的女儿根据基 因测试，显示她得了一种遗传疾病，会损害肝脏,心脏和其他器官，因此推测她患了严重的肝 衰竭。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our family moved nearer to UPMC Children's Hospial of Pittsburgh so that we were closer if a liver was available for Evelyn.”可知作者 一家搬到了离匹兹堡的 UPMC 儿童医院更近的地方，这样如果 Evelyn 有可获取移植的肝脏， 就能更近一些以节约时间。故选择 A 项。 【6 题详解】 句意猜测题。画线句的意思是“如果只是一周或更晚，我们就不会接到电话了”，根据前一 句“The new policy was only in effect for a litle over a week, but in that period, Evelyn received her liver transplant.”可知该政策只持续很短的时间，但是伊芙琳赶上 了这次机会做移植手术，所以伊芙琳很幸运。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 - 5 - 判断推理题。最后一段作者认为其他孩子应该有和伊芙琳一样的机会过健康快乐的生活，当 谈到肝移植政策时，我们可以而且必须为儿童做得更好。然后根据倒数第二段作者希望每个 像伊芙琳病重的孩子都可以获得治疗的机会，所以推测作者希望病情最严重的孩子应该首先 接受肝脏移植。故选 C 项。 C In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18 ,000 people who provided blood samples.Participants reported whether they exercised regularly， and if 80, what type of exercises they typically did. The researchers hen scanned participants' blood, looking for genes(基因) that are tied to an increased risk of obesity(肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk. Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI(体重指数) than those who didn't. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti-obesity effcet: jogging. Partitipants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog. But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, balloo dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetie risk of obesity. Interestingly,several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling,stretching exercises and swimming. The findings don't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight control. It's just that they didn't seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight. There could be several reasons for this. The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cylcing and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk. In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite. 8. What does the underlined word " loathe" in the third paragraph mean? - 6 - A. Dislike. B. Display. C. Disturb. D. Discourage. 9. Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes? A. Mountain climbing. B. Ballroom dancing. C. Running slowly. D. Riding a bicycle. 10. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph? A. Swimming doesn't help one lose weight. B. Diving may make a person eat more food. C. Average people put less energy into exercises. D. Stretching exercises will become popular. 11. Which of the following is the best title? A. Jogging Less Leads to Genetic Obesity B. Regular Exercises Tend to Lower BMI C. Whether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity Genes D. Genes Are Very important for People's Weight Control 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验来说明运动是否可以减少与基因相关的肥胖风险。 【8 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段可知携带肥胖基因的慢跑者的身体质量指数(BMI)要低于有类似基因 风险的不慢跑者。然后根据第三段可知下面讲的是那些不喜欢慢跑的人可以通过其他 5 种方 式进行减肥。所以划线词的意思推测应该是不喜欢。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Interestingly,several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling,stretching exercises and swimming.”可知其他几种运动方式都无法抵消肥胖的遗传风险。这些运动包括骑自行车、 伸展运动和游泳。所以骑自行车对平衡肥胖基因影响最小。故选 D 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In addition,exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.”可知在水中运动，就像游泳一样，可以增加食欲。所以潜水可能 - 7 - 让人增加食量。故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文通过实验主要讲述了几种运动是否可以平衡肥胖基因的风险问题，所以最 佳的标题应该是 C 项。故选 C 项。 D Kar-go is the invention of the United Kingdom-based Academy of Robotics, which describes it as”Europe's first road-worthy autonomous delivery vehicle".Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app---similar to one used when ordering a taxi- allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered. Cormpanies like Tesla and Amazon have invested heavily in autonomous vehicles, which have the potential to create a sea of changes in business and society. Resembling something like a green egg on wheels, Kar-go's aim is to reduce the cost of what's known as the "last mile delivery challenge" . This is the final stage of your online package's journey ,from a local warehouse to your front door. Labor costs, paying drivers, the cost of fuel and the vehicle costs for maintaining small vehicles all contribute to making this the most expensive part of the delivery process. The first part of the package's journey is far cheaper, with high volumes of packages being transported to and from the same location. However, at the other end, drivers deliver smaller shipments to several different locations where the recipient may not even be available to collect. With the latest AI technology, Kar-go will deliver goods safely ,sustainably and in style. The AI vehicle uses special technology to become an expert on its own individual route, learning from past experiences in order to help itself deal with new future obstacles(障碍物)on the road. Kar-go also has its very own internal sorting system, allowing the vehicle transport packages in the correct order for delivery. By 2030，the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders predicts the autonomous market could add $ 62 billion in economic growth in the UK, creating more than 420,000 new jobs. Eletric, self-driving, economic and capable of working 24/7，Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%，providing an efficient solution to the rapidly-expanding online retail(零售) market. - 8 - 12. From the first paragraph we know Kar-go__________. A. is an app used to order a taxi B. is Europe's first autonomous vehicle C. has created great changes in business and society D. transports goods at customers' convenience 13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. How Kar-go delivers the goods. B. What challenges Kar-go may face. C. How the drivers reduce delivery cost. D. Why the last mile delivery is expensive. 14. What is the advantage of the AI technology used by Kar-go? A. It has an advanced internal sorting system. B. It enables vehicles to work more efficiently. C. It makes a driver become an expert in traffic. D. It helps people clean new obstacle on the road. 15. What influence does Kar-go have on the UK? A. It will create over 420 0000 jobs for drivers. B. It will reduce the delivery cost by up to 90%” C. It may contribute to the growth of online business. D. It may make the UK lead in the autonomous market. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新发明—Kar-go，它可能会有效减少最后一公里运输的成 本，带来线上零售的增长。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app-similar to one used when ordering a taxi- allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered.”可知利用人工智能，这款自动送货车为顾客提供了 一个应用程序，类似于订购出租车时使用的应用程序，允许他们选择包裹何时何地送达。所 以这个发明是一款给客户带来方便的交通工具。故选 D 项。 - 9 - 【13 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知劳动力成本、支付司机的费用、燃料成本和维护小型车辆 的车辆成本，都使得这成为交付过程中最昂贵的部分。所以第二段主要是描述为什么最后一 英里的运输如此昂贵。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Kar-go also has its very own internal sorting system, allowing the vehicle transport packages in the correct order for delivery.”,可知 Kar-go 也 有自己的内部分拣系统，允许车辆按照正确的顺序运送包裹，所以它可以让交通工具更加高 效。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%，providing an efficient solution to the rapidly-expanding online retail market. ”可知 Kar-go 承诺降低最后一英里的交付成本 90%,为在线零售市场提供一个有效的解决方 案。所以它可能会推动在线交易的增长。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It's not always easy to run an energy efficient house. But there are some simple things anyone can do. Go LED with your lighting. There are sevenal benefis to switching to energy efficient light bulbs. One of them is saving money- though the LED bulbs might cost more than traditional bulbs, the average saving on LED bulbs is $ 75a year._ ___16___LED bulbs can last years or even decades. Don't run your air conditioner constantly As the weather starts to warm, you might be thinking about the right time to turrn on your air conditioner. _ ___17___Air conditioner units are among the most energy-consuming appliances in your home. Using electrical fans instead of your air conditioner is much more efficient and it's a big money saver, too. ___18___ - 10 - On those days when you treat a large crowd and are low on time，don't beat yourself up if you have to use disposable(一次性的) dishware. This method reduces your water usage and saves energy. And as a bonus, if your city offers roadside recycling, your paper plates may qualify. Update your insulation(隔热) All that work you're doing to save energy in your home could go to waste if it's not properly insulated. If you can't insulate the whole house, pay special attention to the roof: it reduces air flow from outide. By updating your insulation,you're saving money.___19___ Take showers instead of baths A full bathtub requires about 70 gallons of waler.___20___Showers are quite dfferent---taking a five-minute shower uses only 10 to 25 gallons! A. But do you really have to? B. You should use your air conditioner smartly. C. Tum off water when not using it. D. Plus, you needn't change them frequenly. E. Don't feel guilty about using paper plates. F. And it's also easier to control your home temperature. G. Even if you don't fill it to the top, it still uses much more water. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章叙述了经营一个节能的房子并不总是容易的，但是有些简单的事情任 何人都可以做。 【16 题详解】 第一空的前后句都说明了 LED 灯节能，并且 LED 灯泡可以使用几年甚至几十年。所以此空应 该说的是 LED 节能的内容。从 D 项可知“另外，你不需要经常更换灯泡。”所以 D 项说明 LED 节能。故选 D 项。 【17 题详解】 第二空前一句说明了当天气开始变暖的时候，你可能正在考虑打开空调的正确时间。后面一 句说明用电风扇代替空调效率更高，也更省钱。A 项意为“但你真的必须这么做吗?”，可以 - 11 - 做一个过渡的作用，引出下文提供更节能高效的方法。故选 A 项。 【18 题详解】 本段叙述了使用一次性物品可以减少水的使用，节约能源，该段的标题应该是有关一次性物 品的使用以节省资源。所以可以使用 E 项“不要为使用纸盘而感到内疚”作为标题。故选 E 项。 【19 题详解】 本段讲述了通过隔热层来减少能量的损耗，减少房屋与外界的热交换，以此达到控制室温的 目的。F 项隔热层可以更好地控制房屋内的温度，表达的意思放在此处语句通顺，切合文意。 故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 前一句“A full bathtub requires about 70 gallons of waler.”可知一个满的浴缸大约 需要 70 加仑的水。G 项很好的对前一句做了补充说明，即使你不把它灌满，它仍然会消耗更 多的水，从生活常识可知泡澡使用的浴缸比淋浴需要消耗更多的水资源。故选 G 项。 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节 ,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A .B.C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选 项。 Bend, a small town in Oregon, is called“moon country". Before the astronauts ever___21___it to the moon, they trained in Bend. When jim Inwin came to Bend for___22___， he made friends with Floyd Watson,a(n) ___23___resident,who was the building inspetor for the eity,.Five years later, Inwin was ___24___for the Apollo 15 moon landing---the first of three lunar missions that___25___putting a ear on the moon and driving it around the rough ___26___ When the news that his old friend would go to the moon came to Waton's___27___,he chose a piece of lava rock(火山岩) near Devil's Lake,___28___it in paper. Then he posted it to Irwin with a letter where he ___29___him and made a request. "I am sending you a ____30____piece of Central Oregon lava, which I hope you will be able to____31____ to the moon for me," at the end of his letter he____32____Off went the letter, and Watson thought____33____of it. A few months later,on July 26，1971. Irwin____34____to the moon with David Scott and Alfred Worden. After landing, Irwin - 12 - spent three days ____35____the surface of the moon together with Scott while Worden orbited____36____them. Anda few weeks after their ____37____,Watson got an unexpected letter from Irwin. "I did carry your piece of lava to the moon and left it there," Irvin wrote---and enclosed(附上) a____38____of it, with the small piece of Oregon lava____39____with an arrow and the words “Oregon lava on the moon!" For Watson the letter and the picture were____40____And, of course, he never looked at the moon the same way again. 21. A. did B. made C. took D. grasped 22. A. adventure B. research C. amusement D. practice 23. A. local B. aggressive C. gifted D. academic 24. A. carried out B. picked out C. ruled out D. checked out 25. A. involved B. admitted C. risked D. advocated 26. A. street B. rock C. road D. surface 27. A. sense B. rescue C. knowledge D. assistance 28. A. enveloped B. measured C. designed D. transformed 29. A. thanked B. welcomed C. congratulated D. followed 30. A. huge B. valuable C. unique D. tiny 31. A. fly B. deliver C. orbit D. float 32. A. added B. advised C. reminded D. concluded 33. A. much B. highly C. little D. low 34. A. escaped B. rushed C. wandered D. journeyed 35. A. spotting B. discovering C. exploring D. touching 36. A. above B. below C. beyond D. under 37. A. arrival B. return C. application D. campaign - 13 - 38. A. postcard B. drawing C. photo D. note 39. A. equipped B. decorated C. covered D. marked 40. A. reliable B. precious C. permanent D. realistic 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Irvin 到月球完成登月任务并帮助朋友完成心愿的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查动词。句意：在宇航员到达月球之前，他们在本德训练。A. did 做；B. made 达到，成 功；C. took 带；D. grasped 抓住。短语 make it 意为“达到预定目标，成功”，本次训练 的目的就是为了成功登月。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词。句意：当 Inwin 来本德练习时，他和当地居民弗洛伊德·沃森成了朋友，沃森是 本德的建筑顾问。A. adventure 冒险；B. research 研究；C. amusement 娱乐；D. practice 练习。Inwin 要参加登月计划，所以需要在 Bend 这个地方进行不断练习。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当 Inwin 来本德练习时，他和当地居民弗洛伊德·沃森成了朋友，沃森 是本德的建筑顾问。A. local 当地的；B. aggressive 侵略性的；C. gifted 有天赋的；D. academic 学术的。因为是到 Bend 训练，所以结交的朋友是本地人。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词短语。句意： 五年后，Inwin 被选中参加阿波罗 15 号登月计划。A. carried out 进行，开展；B. picked out 挑选；C. ruled out 排除；D. checked out 被检查出。Inwin 为了登月计划在此地参加训练，训练结束后被挑选参加登月计划。故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词。句意：这是三次探月任务中的第一次，其中包括将一个工具放在月球上，并驾驶 着它在粗糙的表面上行驶。A. involved 关联，包含；B. admitted 承认；C. risked 冒险；D. advocated 提倡。登月任务应该是包含后面所描述的两个内容。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 - 14 - 考查名词。句意：这是三次探月任务中的第一次，其中包括将一只耳朵放在月球上，并驾驶 着它在粗糙的表面上行驶。A. street 大街；B. rock 岩石；C. road 道路；D. surface 表面。 登月后宇航员需要驾驶工具在月球的表面行进。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词。句意：当瓦顿得知他的老朋友要去月球的消息时。A. sense 意识；B. rescue 援 救；C. knowledge 知识，知道；D. assistance 帮助，援助。这里的 knowledge 是知道的意 思，即 know 的名词形式。故选 C 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词。句意：他选了一块靠近魔鬼湖的熔岩，用纸把它包起来。A. enveloped 包围，包 住；B. measured 测量；C. designed 设计；D. transformed 转换，转变。由常识可知应该是 老朋友把火山岩用纸包住并寄给 Inwin。故选 A 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词。句意：然后他把这封信和一封信寄给了欧文，在信中他向欧文表示祝贺，并提出 了一个请求。A. thanked 感谢；B. welcomed 欢迎；C. congratulated 祝贺；D. followed 遵循。老朋友获知了 Inwin 得到了登月的机会而祝贺他。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我给你寄去一小块俄勒冈中部的熔岩。A. huge 巨大的；B. valuable 有 价值的；C. unique 独一无二的；D. tiny 微小的。老朋友送给他一小块的火山岩代他送到月 球上去，因为是登月要求会很严格，所以带上去的岩石应该是微小的。故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词。句意：我希望能够为我把这块火山岩带到月球。A. fly 飞翔；B. deliver 传递； C. orbit 轨道；D. float 漂浮，浮动。联系上下文，老朋友瓦顿希望可以通过 Inwin 把自己 包的火山岩送到月球上。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词。句意：在他信的末尾，他补充说道。A. added 增加，补充说明；B. advised 建议； C. reminded 提醒；D. concluded 结论。这是瓦顿的一个请求，在信的最后补充说明的说法 比较恰当。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：瓦顿对他的请求没有多想。A. much 多的；B. highly 高度地；C. little 小的；D. low 低的。因为这个愿望很奢侈，很难实现，所以也没有抱很大的期望。故选 C 项。 - 15 - 【34 题详解】 考查动词。句意：欧文与大卫·斯科特和阿尔弗雷德·沃登一起踏上了月球之旅。A. escaped 逃离；B. rushed 奔跑；C. wandered 漫步；D. journeyed 旅行。从上文知道，Inwin 获得了 登月的机会，所以登月是一次星际旅行。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词。句意：Irwin 花了三天时间探索月球表面。A. spotting 发现，赏识；B. discovering 发现；C. exploring 探索；D. touching 接触。登陆后 Irwin 需要探索月球表面的状况。故 选 C 项。 【36 题详解】 考查介词。句意：着陆后，Inwin 和斯科特一起花了三天时间探索月球表面，而沃登则绕着他 们转。A. above 在…上面；B. below 在…下面；C. beyond 超过…；D. under 在…下面。沃 登没有登陆月球而是在上方的轨道上。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们回来几个星期后，沃森意外地收到了欧文的来信。A. arrival 到达；B. return 返回；C. application 申请；D. campaign 运动，活动。只有登月返回后，Inwin 才 可以给老朋友写信，所以应该是返回到地球之后。故选 B 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词。句意：Inwin 写道，并附上了一张它的照片，上面有一小块带有标记箭头的俄勒冈 熔岩。A. postcard 明信片；B. drawing 绘画；C. photo 照片；D. note 笔记，票据。从后 文可知，Inwin 完成了朋友的请求，并拍摄了照片。故选 C 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词。句意：Inwin 写道，并附上了一张它的照片，上面有一小块带有标记箭头的俄勒冈 熔岩。A. equipped 装备；B. decorated 装饰；C. covered 包括；D. marked 标记。Inwin 把 送到月球上的火山岩在照片标记出来，示意给朋友看。故选 D 项。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于朋友沃森来说，这张照片是非常珍贵的。A. reliable 可信赖的；B. precious 宝贵的；C. permanent 永久的；D. realistic 现实的。这张照片见证自己的理想实 现，显得弥足珍贵。故选 B 项。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 - 16 - Fiona Kolbinger.,a 24-year old German cyclist with little experience in ___41___(compete)cycling, took the world by suprise when she became the first female to win the Transcontinental Ruce on August 6. 2019 She completed ___42___total of 2 ,485 miles from Bulgaria to France in 10 days, 2 hours, and 48 minutes. This year's race started on July 27th, 2019. In the race ,the competitors had to decide for ___43___ (they) where,when,and how much he ate amd slept. They also had to ride in temperatures ____44____ ranged from 4°C to 37°C and endure feezing rain, thundestorms, and heat waves. The Transcontinental Race ___45___ (found) in 2013 by the British cyclist Mike Hall. The race, ___46___ (think) to be one of the hardest of its kind. challenge not only racers’ cycling skills and endurance(耐 力)，but also their route planning and time management skills. Also, different ___47___other cycling competitions where the routes are- ___48___( careful) laid out, the Transcontinetal Race requires competitors to plan their own course. The only ___49___( require) is to check in at four stops, located at various points along the way.___50___ (make) sure all competitor undergo some of the same challenges,each checkpoint is allowed by demanding terrain(地形). 【答案】41. competitive 42. a 43. themselves 44. that/which 45. was founded 46. thought 47. from 48. carefully 49. requirement 50. To make 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了 Transcontinental Race 比赛的情况。 【41 题详解】 考查形容词。动词 compete 意为“竞争”，形容词 competitive 意为“有竞争力的”，这里 需要修饰 cycling,所以应该使用形容词的形式。故填写 competitive。 - 17 - 【42 题详解】 考查冠词。短语 a total of 意为“总共，总计”，前面缺少冠词 a。故填写 a。 【43 题详解】 考查代词。介词 for 后面应该接名词，decide for themselves 意为“为他们自己决定”，所 以应该填写反身代词。故填写 themselves。 【44 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 temperatures，定语从句中缺主语并且主语是物。故填写 that/which。 【45 题详解】 考查时态和语态。Transcontinental Race 和 found 的关系应该是被动的关系，故使用被动语 态，整篇描述了过去的事情，使用一般过去时态。故填写 was founded。 【46 题详解】 考查动词。The race 和 think 应该是被动关系，这里使用 thought，意为“被认为”。故填 写 thought。 【47 题详解】 考查介词。短语 be different from 意为“与…不同”，different 后面接介词 from。故填 写 from。 【48 题详解】 考查副词。形容词 careful 意为“小心的”，laid out 是动词短语，所以应该使用副词修饰。 故填写 carefully。 【49 题详解】 考查名词。动词 require 意为“需要”，此处缺主语，故应使用 require的名词形式。故填写 requirement。 【50 题详解】 考查状语从句。此处的从句表示目的，可以使用 to 引导，充当目的状语从句，to 后接动词原 形，to make sure 意为“为了确保”。故填写 To make。 【点睛】语法填空考生需要把握空白需要填写单词的词性，例如小题 1 需要填写形容词性， 小题 9 需要填写名词词性。还要注意动词的时态和语态是否正确，例如第 5 和第 6 小题。 第四部分写作( 共两节,满分 35 分) 第一节短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 - 18 - 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( A),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下画一横线 ，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Hello, everyone! I'm glad to share some idea about garbage classification with you, which was a hot topic these days all over China. To our understanding, we should do whatever we can support it. After all, the earth is home to everyone,and it's our duty to protect the environment voluntary. Garbage classification isn't easy in the beginning, and it's meaningful. By doing so, we can reduce pollution and conserve energy, which will do many good to the recycling of valuable resources. For the sake of our environment and life, we are expecting to learn to sort the rubbish and make it as a habit. Every individual can make the difference and let's bring the brighter future for our planet! Thank you. 【答案】1.idea→ideas 2.was→is 3.our→my 4.support→to support 5.voluntary→voluntarily 6.and→but 7.many→much 8.expecting→expected 9.as a habit→a habit 10. the→a 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章分享了关于中国垃圾分类的有关看法和建议。 【详解】第一处：考查名词单复数。因为 idea 是可数名词单数，some 后应该接可数名词复数 形式。故修改成 idea 的复数形式。 - 19 - 第二处：考查时态。这篇文章整篇采用一般现在时叙述，并且此处也并不是对过去事件的描 述。故使用一般现在时，将 was 改成 is。 第三处：考查物主代词。这里是针对作者自己关于垃圾分类的理解，所以应该使用 my 而不是 our。故把 our 改成 my。 第四处：考查不定式。前面有了谓语动词 do,这里不能再直接使用 support,可以使用带 to 的 不定式表示目的。故改成 to support。 第五处：考查副词。不能使用形容词 voluntary 修饰动词 protect，需要改成副词 voluntarily 进行修饰。故把 voluntary 改成 voluntarily。 第六处：考查连词。And 的前后两句构成转折关系，所以不能使用 and,应该使用 but。故把 and 改成 but。 第七处：考查形容词。形容词 many 修饰可数名词，much 修饰不可数名词，这里修饰不可数名 词，故需要把 many 改成 much。 第八处：考查语态。这里表达的是“我们被期待着学习垃圾分类”，we 和 expect 是被动的关 系，故需要把 expecting 改成 expected。 第九处：考查短语。短语 make it a habit of 意为“让它变成某种习惯”，中间不需要加 as。 故把 as 去掉。 第十处：考查短语。句意：每个人都可以有所作为，让我们为我们的星球带来更光明的未来! 短语 make a difference 意为“有影响，起作用”。故把 the 改成 a。 【点睛】通读文章时需要理解文句的语言逻辑是否通畅，例如第六处需要考生把握句子到底 是并列关系还是转折关系。一些固定的短语用法需要牢记，切记不可张冠李戴，例如第九处 和第十处的 make it a habit of 和 make a difference。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter 对中国古典名著《西游记》感兴趣，他给你写信询问 有关情况。请给他写封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.《西游记》内容简介； 2. 阅读建议。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：classic n.名著; Journey to the West 《西游记》 - 20 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, I'm delighted to learn you're interested in Journey to the West, one of the four Chinese greatest classics, written by Wu Cheng'en. Based on Xuan Zang's journey to India, the novel is very popular with Chinese people. The story focuses on Monkey King called Sun Wukong, who helps his master Xuan Zang overcome various difficulties on the journey. You may find it challenging to read the original classic, so I advise you read the simplified versions. Some versions come with many pictures, which makes it easy for readers like you to understand. Hopefully you will fall in love with this great work. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文体裁的提纲类写作，要求考生写一封邮件，在邮件中写明：为 Peter 对中国古典名著《西游记》感兴趣而感到高兴；简要介绍《西游记》内容；阅读这本书的建 议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：一般性应用文——书信（邮件） 格式：格式是书信，要写明写信的对象（即称呼）和写信人（即署名），正文前可适当添加问 候语，还要有结尾语 要点：要包括三个要点——1. 知道 Peter 对中国古典名著《西游记》感兴趣，感到高兴；2. 简要介绍《西游记》内容；3. 阅读这本书的建议。 结构：总分总法 - 21 - 第二步：列提纲（重点短语和词汇） be interested in; Journey to the West; classics; be popular with; focus on; overcome; original; advise; great work 第三步：连词成句 It’s great that you're interested in Journey to the West. The novel is the great work. It’s written by Wu Cheng'en. It is very popular with Chinese people. The story is about Xuan Zang's journey to India. Monkey King called Sun Wukong helps his master Xuan Zang overcome many difficulties. I advise you read the simplified versions. You’ll find it interesting. 第四步：连句成篇 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文格式正确，完成了试题规定的任务，覆盖所有内容要点，应用了很多的语法结 构和词汇：宾语从句和非谓语动词：I'm delighted to learn you're interested in Journey to the West, one of the four Chinese greatest classics, written by Wu Cheng'en.并 列句：You may find it challenging to read the original classic , so I advise you read the simplified versions .定语从句：The story focuses on Monkey King called Sun Wukong, who helps his master Xuan Zang overcome various difficulties on the journey.和 Some versions come with many pictures, which makes it easy for readers like you to understand.文章中 am delighted to, are interested in, is popular with, focuses on, fall in love with 等短语的使用，使文章更生动，符合朋友间交流通信的文风。这篇范文的 另一亮点是：You may find it challenging to read the original classic…. 和…, which makes it easy for readers like you to understand.两句中形式宾语的使用，使整篇文章 的句法结构富于变化，完全达到了预期的写作目的。 - 22 -