浙江省宁波市2021届高三英语11月适应性试题（Word版附解析） 22页

宁波市 2020 学年第一学期高中英语适应性考试 英语试卷 选择题部分 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。 1. How long did the lecture last? A. For half an hour. B. For one hour. C. For two hours. 2. What destination does the woman want to choose? A. The beach. B. The mountains. C. The city. 3. Which word can be used to describe the man? A. Grateful. B. Generous. C. Troublesome. 4. What does the woman imply? A. She wants to buy herself a watch. B. She wants the man to buy her the ring. C. She wants to borrow some money from the man. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A window. B. A cooker. C. An alarm. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和 7 题。 6. What kind of TV show was the man talking about at first? A. A dating show. B. A survival show. C. A talent show. 7. What does the woman suggest they do in the end? A. Go to a dance party. B. Discuss more about the show. C. Watch a show they both enjoy. 听下面一段对话，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What does the man think about electric cars? A. He thinks they are worth the money. B. He thinks ifs a step in the right direction. C. He thinks everyone will own an electric car. 9. What disadvantage of an EV does the man talk about? A. Fueling the car is expensive. B. The technology isn’t good enough. C. There aren't enough charging stations. 10. What do the speakers plan to do? A. Buy a new gas-powered car. B. Continue driving the car they have. C. Purchase an electric car in a few days. 听下面一段对话，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11 .Why did the accident happen? A. The man wasn’t paying attention. B. The tire of the man's bike was flat. C. There was something wrong with his bike handles. 12. Which part of the man’s body was seriously injured? A. His head. B. His hands. C. His knees. 13. How long will it take the man to recover probably? A. A few days. B. A couple of weeks. C. A month. 听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. Why is the boy so upset? A. He failed in his test. B. He forgot to prepare for his test. C. He forgot a few things on his test. 15. How does the girl try to make the boy feel better? A. She takes him to dinner. B. She tells him her test score. C. She tries to make him laugh. 16. Which part of the test does the boy find difficult? A. Single choices. B. Naming countries. C. Discussion questions. 17. What is the woman’s opinion? A. Nobody is perfect. B. Preparation is important. C. Geography is difficult. 听下面一段独白，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. Who is the speaker giving the speech to? A. Employees. B. Managers. C. Customers. 19. Why were the past few months more stressful? A. They hired new people. B. They started a new website. C. They read customer reviews. 20. What is the main purpose of the speech? A. To appreciate hard work. B. To advertise new products. C. To announce a new holiday. , 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题 纸上将该项涂黑。 A Different from most women in their 20s, Zhang Wanting chose to work with farmers instead of taking a position as a college lecturer after gaining her master's degree in finance from overseas. Now her ecofarm has become one of the most famous agricultural tourist attractions in the city of Shenyang, Liaoning province, showing the nation’s efforts to improve farmers’ incomes. Zhang’s ecofarm, Paddy Art Dream Park, which covers 20 million square meters, is fueled by paddy (稻田）planting，food processing and tourism. Last year，it attracted over 200,000 visitors, provided over 200 jobs and benefited over 2,000 local villagers. "I love this land and hope to build it into a modem farmland that could provide people with natural beauty and prosperity,” Zhang said. "Because everyone dreams of returning to the countryside to enjoy a comfortable environment and refreshment.” Experts suggest that the key is to make use of the unique advantage of the countryside instead of moving farmers into cities. ”An ecofarm is not only a new attempt to modernize agriculture, but also a new form of agricultural industrialization. It could fundamentally transform traditional agriculture,said Li Hongbiao, a senior researcher at the China Academy of Northeast Revitalization. “The ecofarm is of great significance to help improve farmers' incomes and promote the sustainable and healthy growth of the rural economy.” Furthermore，the ecofarm provides financing services as well as rice sales services — two major challenges for farmers 一 so farmers can focus on green ecological planting and improving food quality. So far, more than 400 farmers have joined Zhang Wanting, and their combined incomes increased to over 5 million yuan last year. “With more partners, we could explore the new food processing industry, which includes rice noodles, brown rice ice cream and rice pudding,M she explained. “Tourism is the major driving force for my farm because it can help the farm attract attention and drive consumption.” After six years of operation, her ecofarm has won the title of national 3A-level scenic area, and more college graduates have joined her to find their dreams. "The new countryside should not be dirty and messy, but a place that people long for," she said. 1. The author explains the success of Paddy Art Dream Park by A. describing the process B. making a comparison C. presenting research findings D. using figures and quotes 2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT an advantage of the ecofarm? A. To attract more college graduates. B. To modernize agriculture. C. To improve farmers' incomes. D. To promote the rural economy. 3. Where is this passage probably taken from? A. A celebrity biography. B. A research paper. C. A newspaper report. D. A travel brochure. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了张婉婷的生态农场。如今，她的生态农场已成为辽 宁省沈阳市最著名的农业旅游景点之一。她的生态农场获得了成功。 【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Last year，it attracted over 200,000 visitors, provided over 200 jobs and benefited over 2,000 local villagers”（去年，它吸引了 20 多万游客，提供了 200 多个就业岗位，使 2000 多名当地村民受益）可知，文章通过列数据来说明其成功，并 且在第三句和第四句中直接引用了 Zhang 的话，所以文章是通过列数据和引用来说明其成 功。故选 D。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“An ecofarm is not only a new attempt to modernize agriculture, but also a new form of agricultural industrialization.”（生态农业是农业现代化的新 尝试，也是农业产业化的新形式。）可知，农业现代化是生态农业的优点，所以排除选项 B； 根据第三段第四句“The ecofarm is of great significance to help improve farmers' incomes and promote the sustainable and healthy growth of the rural economy.”（生态农业对于帮 助提高农民收入，促进农村经济持续健康发展具有重要意义。）可知，生态农业有助于提高 农民收入，所以排除选项 C 和选项 D。故选 A。 3.推理判断题。短文介绍了张婉婷的生态农场。如今，她的生态农场已成为辽宁省沈阳市最 著名的农业旅游景点之一。她的生态农场获得了成功。由此可判断出，短文是关于人物和经 济类的短文。所以短文来自于新闻报道。故选 C。 B Science had always believed that trees competed with each other for carbon, sunlight, water and nutrients. But an ecologist, Suzanne Simard, says trees have a complex and interconnected social network existing underground. Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to a surprising discovery: trees talk, communicating often and over vast distances. Trees are much more like us humans. They are extremely social and depend on each other for their survival. Simard planted 240 trees in a Canadian forest and started her experiments. Once she discovered a loud sound of communication between the fir (冷杉）and birch (白梓树）trees who were sharing carbon with each other. She found birch sent carbon to fir, especially when it was shaded. Later the opposite happened. When the birch was leafless in winter, the fir sent over more carbon. Simard’s groundbreaking work showed that trees are interdependent and cooperative. In fact, they are immersed in deep relationships with each other. The trees were having conversations via the mycelium (菌丝). These messages determined which trees needed certain nutrients. They communicated via carbon, nitrogen, and chemicals and then shared these elements, balancing the entire forest. The mycelium connects different individuals in the same forest, from the same species and other species. This network works in a similar way to the Internet. She discovered that mother trees care for and protect the younger trees and that a single mother tree can be connected to hundreds of other trees. Trees talk, and through these conversations they increase the adaptability of the whole community. It’s a magical community of trees all supporting each other. Suzanne’s research has important environmental implications for the destruction of our forests. She says that when mother trees are injured or dying, they send their wisdom onto the next generation, but they can't do this if they are all wiped out at the same time. She hopes that her research will change the way we practice forestry. 4. The main purpose of the passage is to ___________. A. report some new discoveries about trees B. introduce different species of trees in a forest C. explain the reasons for the destruction of forests D. discover similarities between human beings and trees 5. The underlined word “immersed” in the third paragraph probably means_. A. enthusiastic B. involved C. lacking D. sceptical 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text? A. Mycelium plays a significant role in balancing the entire forest. B. The fir and birch trees supplied carbon to each other when facing difficulties. C. The wisdom of mother trees cannot always pass down to the next generation . D. The Internet is mentioned to show it is possible to use advanced technology in forests. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过对树的研究，研究出了树的一个新发现并对这个新发现具体--- 树木会说话，经常交流，而且可以进行远距离交流。它们是极具社会性的植物，相互依赖共 同生存。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第一段“Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to a surprising discovery: trees talk, communicating often and over vast distances.”（树木会说话， 经常交流，而且可以进行远距离交流。）可知，文中开篇就在讲这个新的发现，并且在下文 继续展开说这个新的发现，所以结合选项，本文的主要目的是报道一些关于树的新发现。故 选 A 项。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文中“Simard’s groundbreaking work showed that trees are interdependent and cooperative.”西玛德的开创性工作表明树木是相互依存和合作的。由此判断出，事实上，他 们都沉浸在彼此的深厚关系中。所以划线词的意思是“与…...有密切关联的”。故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“The mycelium connects different individuals in the same forest, from the same species and other species. This network works in a similar way to the Internet.”（菌丝 体连接着同一片森林里的不同个体，从相同的物种和其他物种。这个网络工作跟互联网的工 作方式相似。）可知，菌丝体在平衡整个森林中起着重要的作用，故 A 项正确，同时也由文 中这句话可知，虽然菌丝的工作方式跟互联网很相似，这是作者为了更形象地展示菌丝的工 作方式，并不是为了展示在森林里有可能应用先进的科技，所以 D 项错误。根据文中第二 段 “She found birch sent carbon to fir, especially when it was shaded. Later the opposite happened. When the birch was leafless in winter, the fir sent over more carbon.”（他发现白梓树 发给冷杉释放二氧化碳，特别是在树荫下。后来相反的事情发生了，当冬天白梓树没有树叶 时，冷杉又会给白梓树释放二氧化碳。）可知，冷杉和白梓树在面对困难时会互相支持给彼 此释放二氧化碳，所以 B 项正确。又根据文中最后一段“She says that when mother trees are injured or dying, they send their wisdom onto the next generation, but they can't do this if they are all wiped out at the same time.”（她说当母树受伤或死亡时，他们会把他们的智慧传给下一 代，但是如果他们同时死亡，就不会把智慧传给下一代。）可知母树的智慧不是总是会都能 传给下一代，所以 C 项正确，综上，选项中 D 项错误。故选 D 项。 C If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning. According to Einstein, improving your intellectual capacity should be fun and enjoyable —— happy learners are quick learners. In 1915, he wrote a letter to his 11-year-old son (Hans Albert) who was learning the piano and said: “I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano. This and carpentry are in my opinion for your age the best pursuits, better even than school, because those are things which fit a young person such as you very well. Mainly play the things on the piano which please you, even if the teacher does not assign those. That is the way to learn the most when you are doing something with such enjoyment that you don’t notice that the time passes.” To learn anything faster or better, choose topics you will enjoy — if you have control over what you are learning. Make the learning relevant. You should be able to answer the question “Why am I learning this?” at any point. Richard Feynman won a Nobel Prize and always wanted to know more and to learn more. Known as the “Great Explainer”，he was famous for his ability to explain complex topics in simple ways. The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. It can help you learn better and keep more of what you learn. According to Feynman, it is significant to have the ability to explain things simply — so simple, in fact, that you could explain it to an eight-year-old. Einstein agrees. He once said, “If you can't explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.” For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said the Roman philosopher Seneca. Learners keep a greater percentage of what they learn when they explain or teach the concept to someone else, or use it immediately. Your ideas will never be more effective than your ability to make others grasp them. When you share, you remember better. 7. Einstein wrote the letter to his son in order to _. A. encourage Hans to play the piano well B. share some useful advice on how to play the piano C. support Hans' learning the piano with enjoyment D. suggest Hans taking teachers* assignment seriously 8. Which of the following is the characteristic of the Feynman Technique? A. Teaching what you learn to others. B. Explaining your things thoroughly. C. Choosing enjoyable topics. D. Understanding things well enough. 9. Why is the Roman philosopher Seneca mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To provide advice on how to teach concepts. B. To illustrate the significance of teaching others. C. To impress the readers with his meaningful quotes. D. To show people’s exploration of concepts in history. 10. Which of the following might be the best title for the text? A. Secrets of Learning Faster. B. Benefits of Teaching Others. C. Contribution of Great Explainers. D. Importance of Learning with Enjoyment. 【答案】7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章是要介绍快速学习的秘诀。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano.” （我很高兴你能从钢琴中找到乐趣。）可知，爱因斯坦给他儿子写这封信是为了以愉快的心 情支持汉斯学习钢琴。故选 C。 2.细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. ”（费曼技巧是他改进学习的方法，其 特点是向他人解释或传授你所学到的知识。）可知，费曼技巧的特点是向他人解释或传授你 所学到的知识。故选 A。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn,” said the Roman philosopher Seneca.”可知，几千年来，人们都知道，理解一个概念的最好方法，就是把概念 交给别人。罗马哲学家塞内卡说过: “我们在教学的同时也在学习”。由此判断 出，最后一段中提到 Seneca 是为了说明教导他人的重要性。故选 B。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二句“If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning.”（如果你的目标是快速掌握任何东西，你可以向阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和 理查德·费曼学习。他们提供实用的建议，你可以用来提高你的学习。）可知，短文的最佳标 题为“快速学习的秘诀”。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Every day, on British radio stations and on television, you can hear it. It gives the time before BBC radio news programmes, and on the BBC World Service. And you can hear it and see it every evening before ITV's "News at Ten". ___11___ If you have been to London, you have certainly seen "Big Ben". It's very difficult to miss, standing almost 100 metres high beside the Thames, next to the Houses of Parliament. ___12___ But in reality, "Big Ben" is just the name of the biggest bell in the tower. The famous clock tower was built in the 1850s, after the Houses of Parliament were burned down. The new clock was to be the biggest in the world, and extremely accurate. Lots of people thought that this would be impossible; a very big clock, they thought, could not be very accurate. ___13___ And the clock has always kept time almost perfectly. The original "Big Ben" bell weighed 16 tons, and was made in the North of England. However, after it had reached London, but before it had been put in place, it cracked! So the original bell was therefore melted down (in London) and a new Big Ben was made and put in place in July 1859... but after two months it cracked.___14___A smaller hammer was put in place, and Big Ben began chiming (报时）again in 1862. Since then, there have been several incidents. ___15___ And in 1976, the clock stopped for 26 days, when a part of the mechanism broke…after 114 years of service! Recently, engineers have decided that the tower and the clock were both in need of urgent repairs. Work began in 2017, and unless there are some unexpected problems, Big Ben will begin a new life in the year 2021. A. In fact, they were wrong. B. The Big Ben has a long history. C. Experts decided that the hammer was too big. D. Once the clock stopped when a pot of paint got stuck between its hands! E. The name "Big Ben" is generally used to refer to the big clock tower itself. F. Almost all the tourists visiting London prefer to take many photos of Big Ben. G. The chimes of Big Ben are recognized by almost everyone in Britain, and by millions of people all over the world. 【答案】11. G 12. E 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了英国“大本钟”的相关信息。 【11 题详解】 根据上文“And you can hear it and see it every evening before ITV's "News at Ten".” 你可以 在每天晚上的 ITV“10 点新闻”之前听到和看到它。再结合下文“If you have been to London, you have certainly seen "Big Ben".” 如果你去过伦敦，你肯定见过“大本钟”。选项承接上 文具体说明上文说的是什么，以及它的知名度。故 G 选项““大本钟”的钟声几乎为英国 的每一个人所熟知，也为全世界数百万人所熟知。”切题。上文中的 it 指代的是 Big Ben， hear it and see it every evening 对应 recognized by almost everyone and by millions of people。故 选 G 项。 【12 题详解】 根据下文“But in reality, "Big Ben" is just the name of the biggest bell in the tower.” 但实际 上，“大本钟”只是这座塔中最大的钟的名字。选项与下文为转折关系，"Big Ben" is just the name 对应选项中的 The name "Big Ben"。故 E 项“大本钟”这个名字通常指的是“大本钟” 本身。”切题。故选 E 项。 【13 题详解】 根据上文“Lots of people thought that this would be impossible; a very big clock, they thought, could not be very accurate.” 很多人认为这是不可能的;他们认为，一个非常大的钟不可能非 常准确。再结合下文“And the clock has always kept time almost perfectly.” 而且这个钟总是 保持着几乎完美的时间。由此可知，人们认为钟不准是不正确的。选项是对上文总结且引起 下文。故 A 选项“事实上，他们错了。”切题。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 根据上文“So the original bell was therefore melted down (in London) and a new Big Ben was made and put in place in July 1859... but after two months it cracked.”因此，原来的钟因此被熔 化（在伦敦），并在 1859 年 7 月制造了一个新的大本钟。但两个月后它破裂了。再结合下文 “A smaller hammer was put in place, and Big Ben began chiming (报时）again in 1862.” 一个更小的锤子被放在适当的位置上，大本钟在 1862 年又开始响起。选项要说明大本钟破 裂的原因。且 the hammer 对应下文 A smaller hammer。故 C 选项“专家们认为钟锤太大了。” 切题。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 根据上文“Since then, there have been several incidents.” 从那以后，发生了几起事件。由此 可知，选项具体说明是什么事件。故 D 选项“有一次，一罐油漆卡在钟的指针之间，钟就 停摆了。”切题。故选 D 项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I’ve worked in the factories near my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school, ___16___ doing the full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a college student like me who ___17___ any class before noon to be impolite, getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is full of ___18___ . My friends never seem to understand why I’m so ___19___ to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. There’re few people as ___20___ as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People my age ___21___ seem to overestimate (高估）the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not ___22___ me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would ___23___ whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down. The most ___24___ thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. ___25___ like downsizing (裁员）and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me ___26___ my co-workers told me that the factory I was working in would ___27___ within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour. After working 12-hour ___28___ in a factory, the other options have become only too clear. When Fm back at the university, skipping classes and turning in la2y re-writes seems too ___29___ after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice on the value of a(n)___30___ that used to sound stale (老掉牙的）now ___31___ true. These lessons I’m learning, ___32___ valuable, often come with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places where I ___33___ work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays ___34___ , but it’s hard on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added. My experiences in the factories have inspired me to ___35___ of my college years before I enter the real world for good. 16. A. so B. but C. because D. otherwise 17. A. thinks B. sees C. regards D. considers 18. A. excitement B. curiosity C. passion D. suffering 19. A. relieved B. refreshed C. stressed D. depressed 20. A. self-controlled B. self-confident C. self-evident D. self-employed 21. A. never B. ever C. seldom D. always 22. A. permit B. prepare C. promote D. protect 23. A. jam B. mix C. ruin D. fix 24. A. careful B. grateful C. merciful D. stressful 25. A. Accidents B. Topics C. Events D. Debates 26. A. after B. when C. until D. unless 27. A. tear down B. slow down C. put down D. shut down 28. A. shifts B. turns C. units D. paces 29. A. familiar B. understandable C. irresponsible D. contradictory 30. A. education B. independence C. kindness D. dignity 31. A. comes B. rings C. goes D. calls 32. A. whether B. however C. whatever D. whichever 33. A. blankly B. blindly C. briefly D. bravely 34. A. well B. badly C. high D. low 35. A. make most B. make the most C. take charge D. take the charge 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”在工厂打工的经历激励“我”在进入现实世界之前充分 利用大学时光的故事。 【详解】1.考查连词辨析。句意：高中毕业后，我每年夏天都在家乡附近的工厂打工，但在 假期做全职蓝领工作从来没有变得更容易。A.so 所以；B.but 但是； C.because 因为； D.otherwise 否则。故选 B。前文讲“我”在工厂打工已经很久了，后文讲在假期做全职蓝领工 作却从来没有变得更容易。前后句意相反，应用转折词 but。故选 B。 2.考查动词辨析。句意：对于像我这样认为中午前上课是不礼貌的大学生来说，每天早上 6 点到达工厂是很痛苦的。A.thinks 认为； B.sees 看作； C.regards 认为； D.considers 认为。 consider...to be 意为“认为……是……的”，为固定搭配。故选 D 3.考查名词辨析。句意：对于像我这样认为中午前上课是不礼貌的大学生来说，每天早上 6 点到达工厂是很痛苦的。A.excitement 兴奋；B.curiosity 好奇； C.passion 激情； D.suffering 苦难。根据前文讲“我”认为中午前上课是不礼貌的可知，早上六点去工厂上班是很不情愿的， 所以这是充满苦难的。故选 D 4.考查形容词辨析。句意：我的朋友们似乎从来都不明白，为什么我回到学校后会如此放松， 为什么我的暑假根本就不是一个假期。A.relieved 放松的；B.refreshed 更新的；C.stressed 紧 张的；D.depressed 压抑的。根据前文讲“我”假期打工感觉是在受苦受难可知，“我”在开学后 会很放松。故选 A。 5.考查形容词辨析。句意：很少有人像从未进入现实社会的大学生一样自信。A.self-controlled 自我控制的；B.self-confident 自信的； C.self-evident 不言而喻的； D.self-employed 个体经 营的。故选 B。根据后文“seem to overestimate (高估）the value of their time and knowledge” 可知，像“我”一样年纪的人大都会高估他们的时间和知识的价值，所以此处是讲“自信的”人， 故选 B。 6.考查副词辨析。句意：我这个年纪的人似乎总是高估他们的时间和知识的价值。A.never 从不； B.ever 曾经； C.seldom 很少；D.always 总是。根据前文讲大学生很少有到过现实世 界可知，他们总是高估他们的时间和知识的价值。故选 D。 7.考查动词辨析。句意：事实上，所有的课程并没有让我为与我在工厂运行的机器的战斗做 好准备。每当我心不在焉地将一个部件倒过来或倒过来时，机器就会发生故障。A.permit 允许；B.prepare 准备；C.promote 促进；D.protect 保护。根据主语 all the classes 和 my battles with the machine 可知，二者的关系是学校学的课程并没有让我能够为运行机器做好准备。故 选 B。 8.考查动词辨析。句意：事实上，所有的课程并没有让我为与我在工厂运行的机器的战斗做 好准备。每当我心不在焉地将一个部件倒过来或倒过来时，机器就会发生故障。A.jam 堵塞； 轧住； B.mix 混合； C.ruin 摧毁； D.fix 修复。根据前文讲“我”心不在焉地操作可知，这 样机器就会出故障。故选 A。 9.考查形容词辨析。句意：蓝领生活最大的压力是你知道你的工作可能会在一夜之间消失。 A.careful 小心的； B.grateful 感激的； C.merciful 仁慈的； D.stressful 紧张的。根据后文 “knowing your job could disappear overnight”可知，蓝领知道自己的工作可能会在一夜之间消 失，所以压力很大。故选 D。 10.考查名词辨析。句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我的同 事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时 60 美分 的工资工作。A.Accidents 事故； B.Topics 话题； C.Events 事件； D.Debates 讨论。根据后 文“downsizing (裁员）and overseas relocation ”（裁员和海外搬迁）可知，这种是话题。故选 B。 11.考查连词辨析。句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我的同 事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时 60 美分 的工资工作。A.after 之后； B.when 当……时候； C.until 直到； D.unless 除非。根据前文 讲像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对“我”来说一直很遥远可知，“我”是直到听到同事讲才意识 到。故选 C。 12.考查动词短语辨析。句意：像裁员和海外搬迁这样的话题对我来说一直很遥远，直到我 的同事告诉我，我工作的工厂将在六个月内关闭并搬到墨西哥，那里的工人将以每小时 60 美分的工资工作。A.tear down 拆卸； B.slow down 减慢；C.put down 放下； D.shut down 关闭。根据“move to Mexico”可知，这个工厂要搬去墨西哥，所以是要关闭了。故选 D。 13.考查名词辨析。句意：在一家工厂轮班工作 12 小时之后，其他选择就变得非常清楚了。 A.shifts 轮班； B.turns 轮流； C.units 单元； D.paces 速度。在工厂里的 12 小时工作制是 轮班制。故选 A。 14.考查形容词辨析。句意：当我回到大学的时候，在看到不上学的后果后，逃课和交重写 作业似乎太不负责任了。A.familiar 熟悉的； B.understandable 可理解的； C.irresponsible 不负责任的； D.contradictory 矛盾的。在看到蓝领随时失业的生活压力后，“我”认为大学里 的逃课和交重作业很不负责任。故选 C。 15.考查名词辨析。句意：所有关于教育价值的建议过去听起来都过时了，现在听起来都是 正确的。A.education 教育； B.independence 独立； C.kindness 友好； D.dignity 尊严。前文 讲“我”认识到认真学习的重要性，所以此处是讲关于教育的价值，故选 A。 16.考查动词辨析。句意：所有关于教育价值的建议过去听起来都过时了，现在听起来都是 正确的。A.comes 来； B.rings 响； C.goes 走； D.calls 喊。ring true 意为“听起来正确”，为 固定搭配。此处是讲作者对教育的价值的肯定，故选 B。 17.考查连词辨析。句意：我正在学习的这些课程，无论多么有价值，总是伴随着一种负罪 感。A.whether 是否； B.however 无论如何； C.whatever 无论什么； D.whichever 无论哪一 个。根据形容词 valuable 可知，应用 however。故选 B。 18.考查副词辨析。句意：许多人在我短暂工作过的地方度过他们的一生，在我一次只花两 个月的地方度过了 30 年。A.blankly 空白地； B.blindly 盲目地； C.briefly 简洁地，短暂地； D.bravely 勇敢地。根据前文讲“我”只是在假期工作可知，在工厂的工作时间很短。故选 C。 19.考查副词辨析。句意：这份工作薪水不错，但对身体不好。A.well 好地； B.badly 坏地； C.high 高地； D.low 低地。根据转折词 but 可知，前后句意相反。后文讲对身体不好，所以 前文是讲薪水不错。故选 A。 20.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在工厂的经历激励我在进入现实世界之前充分利用我的大 学时光。A.make most 让大多数； B.make the most 充分利用； C.take charge 负责； Dtake the charge 负责。根据前文讲“我”意识到了好好学习能够为进入现实世界做好准备可知，“我”要 充分利用大学时光。故选 B。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第二节（共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tan Zhouhai is a frustrated villager in Hunan, ___36___ (attract) potential customers for his agricultural products by uploading short videos in Douyin — known as TikTok outside China. ___37___ , he only received dozens of likes from his audience last year. That changed when he uploaded a video of his 83-year-old grandfather dancing ___38___ a popular song called Little Apple, ___39___ gained 10,000 likes. ___40___ (inspire) by this unexpected success, Tan asked his grandfather to perform ___41___ (regular) in videos featuring the 30-year-old cooking for the elderly man, who has lost all his teeth, wearing a pair of round sunglasses for added comic effect. With 1.6 million fans, the account ___42___ (accumulate) at least 3 million likes up to now. “Before my grandfather joined me, my account was just ___43___ ordinary one about food and was ___44___ (notice) on the internet,” Tan told the South China Morning Post. “With my grandfather in my videos, my account expresses family love and companionship. Many of my fans have said ___45___ are touched.” Tan's grandfather is just one of a number of elderly people, who have taken Chinese social media by storm by breaking the public stereotype of the typical senior citizen. 【答案】36. attracting 37. However 38. to 39. which 40. Inspired 41. regularly 42. has accumulated 43. an 44. unnoticed 45. they 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了一个抖音视频博主---谭舟海。 【详解】1.考查现在分词。句意：谭周海还是中国中部省份湖南省的一名失意村民，他将自 己的农村生活拍成短视频传到网上，为当地农产品吸引潜在客户。动词 attract 和主语 Tan Zhouhai 构成主动关系。故填 attracting。 2.考查副词。句意：但是，去年他只收到了几十个“赞”。前文讲他是通过在抖音上发视频吸 引顾客，后文讲去年他只收到了几十个“赞”，所以前后形成转折关系，故填 However。 3.考查介词。句意：但当他上传了一段 83 岁的祖父随着一首流行歌曲《小苹果》跳舞的视 频后，情况发生了变化，该视频获得了 1 万个赞。表示“随着……的节拍”用介词 to。故填 to。 4.考查定语从句。句意：但当他上传了一段 83 岁的祖父随着一首流行歌曲《小苹果》跳舞 的视频后，情况发生了变化，该视频获得了 1 万个赞。定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为 video（视频），所以用关系代词 which。故填 which。 5.考查过去分词。句意：受此意外成功启发，谭周海请他爷爷定期表演节目。视频中，这个 30 岁的年轻人为一颗牙都没有的老人做饭。他戴着一副圆形太阳镜，以增加喜剧效果。动 词 inspire 意为“启发”，与主语 Tan 构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填 Inspired。 6.考查副词。句意：受此意外成功启发，谭周海请他爷爷定期表演节目。视频中，这个 30 岁的年轻人为一颗牙都没有的老人做饭。他戴着一副圆形太阳镜，以增加喜剧效果修饰动词 perform 应用副词，故填 regularly。 7.考查时态。句意：该账号拥有 160 万粉丝，到目前为止已经积累了至少 300 万个赞。根据 时间状语 up to now 可知，句子应用现在完成时。故填 has accumulated。 8.考查冠词。句意：在我爷爷加入之前，我的账号只是一个在网上默默无闻的普通美食账号。 one 代指 an account，ordinary 发音开头为元音，故填 an。 9.考查被动语态。句意：在我爷爷加入之前，我的账号只是一个在网上默默无闻的普通美食 账号。主语 account 和谓语 notice 构成被动关系，且根据前文可知，在祖父加入之前谭舟海 只收到了几十个“赞”，所以是“不被注意的”。故填 unnoticed。 10.考查人称代词。句意：我的许多粉丝都说他们很感动。said 后接宾语从句，从句缺少主 语指代 Many of my fans ，所以主语为 they。故填 they。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节应用文写作（满分 15 分） 46. 假如你是李华，正在英国留学。下周你所在的社区将举行以中医为主题的社区活动，目 前正在招募志愿者。请你用英文向主办方提出申请，内容包括： 1. 提出申请； 2. 介绍自己的优势； 3. 期待加入。 注意：1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中医 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Dear Sir/ Madam, I'm Li Hua, an international student from China. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Sir/Madam, I’m Li Hua, an international student from China. Hearing that you are recruiting volunteers for the activity about TCM, I cannot wait to apply to be one. I am competent for the job in that my parents happen to be TCM doctors. Brought up in the dense atmosphere of medicine, I m equipped with abundant knowledge of how to distinguish various Chinese herbal medicines. Besides, I have the experience of being a volunteer guide for Americans, because of which I am convinced that I will live up to your expectations. I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account. Looking forward to working with you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请成为社区活动的志愿者。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 假如你是李华，正在英国留学。下周你所在的社区将举行以中医为主题的社区活动，目前正 在招募志愿者。请你用英文向主办方提出申请，内容包括： 1. 提出申请； 2. 介绍自己的优势； 3. 期待加入。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） apply to，happen to，Bring up，abundant knowledge，live up to，take my application into account,be equipped with 第三步：连词成句 1.I am competent for the job in that my parents happen to be TCM doctors. 2.Brought up in the dense atmosphere of medicine, I m equipped with abundant knowledge of how to distinguish various Chinese herbal medicines. 3. Besides, I have the experience of being a volunteer guide for Americans, because of which I am convinced that I will live up to your expectations. 4. I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1 . 表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides（范文使用）, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Brought up in the dense atmosphere of medicine, I m equipped with abundant knowledge of how to distinguish various Chinese herbal medicines.（非谓语动词作状 语）。 [高分句型 2] Besides, I have the experience of being a volunteer guide for Americans, because of which I am convinced that I will live up to your expectations.（介词+关系代词引导的定语从 句）。 第二节概要写作（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Around the world，music therapy (疗法）is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat. Why is music a useful therapy? Being comforting and relaxing，music stimulates our brains. We respond to the sounds of music emotionally and physically. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms，melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发）the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip hop might be fun to listen to, ifs unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people，helping relieve stress and anxiety. Have scientists been able to prove that music can heal diseases? Music has been shown to reduce pain by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽）. Endorphins are the body's natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies who have just been born and even babies still in the mother's womb. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medicines that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, day cares, and schools. Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________ 【答案】One possible version: Music therapy is a useful way to treat various illnesses worldwide.The reason is that comforting music or playing musical instruments can activate our brain and help ease pressure and anxiety. Music has already been proved to generate positive effects of reducing pain, developing the babies’ brain, lowering blood pressure and slowing heart rate. Though music therapy is not adopted widely, it is regarded as an effective helper to traditional treatment 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，音乐的令人舒适性和放松性能激发大脑的活跃性，复杂的音 乐和弹奏乐器更能起到这样的作用，正因为这样，音乐疗法已在全世界范围内被用于治疗多 种疾病。音乐在缓解疼痛，婴儿的大脑发育，降低血压以及减缓心率方面有积极的影响。不 过，目前音乐疗法还不被当作是主流的治疗方式，但是它仍然是一种有效的辅助治疗方法。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Around the world，music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. ② Being comforting and relaxing，music stimulates our brains. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Playing a musical instrument rather than simply listening to music can also be therapeutic for some people，helping relieve stress and anxiety. ③ Music has been shown to reduce pain. It has also been known to contribute to the brain development of the babies. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. ④Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. 2. 缜密构思 将第 1、2 两个要点进行整合，将第 2、3 两个要点进行重组。 3. 遣词造句 The reason why music therapy is of great use for treating different illnesses is that comforting and relaxing music can activate our brains, especially classical music and playing musical instruments. Music is considered highly effective in reducing pain, developing the brains of the babies, lowering blood pressure and slowing a person’s heart rate. Music therapy is becoming more and more useful as a helper in the traditional treatment. 【点睛】 [高分句型 1]：The reason is that comforting music or playing musical instruments can activate our brain and help ease pressure and anxiety. 此句用到了 that 引导的表语从句概括了第二段的内 容，且表语从句中用到了两个并列的动名词作主语，表达很高级。 [高分句型2]：Though music therapy is not adopted widely, it is regarded as an effective helper to traditional treatment. 此句用了主从复合句概括了第四段的内容。其中 though 引导让步状语 从句，be regarded as 短语的使用，非常高级。