2021届湖北省武汉襄阳荆门宜昌四地六校考试联盟高三起点联考英语试题（教师版含解析） 23页

2020 年夏“武汉襄阳荆门宜昌四地六校考试联盟” 高三起点联考 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试 卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力 第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.When will the speakers meet? A.On Wednesday. B.On Thursday. C.On Friday. 2.How will the man get to work tomorrow? A.By bus. B.By car. C.By taxi. 3.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A.At a clothing shop. B.At a barber’s shop. C.At a tailor’s shop. 4.What does the woman mean? A.The copier is old. B.The copier is useless. C.The copier is broken. 5.Why does the man look tired? A.He has climbed a mountain. B.He has a lot of work to do. C.He has just given a report. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各 个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题 6.What does the man complain? A.His bag is too heavy. B.His home is too far away. C.The things are too expensive. 7.What do we know about the woman? A.She doesn’t like to travel. B.She has been to Hong Kong before. C.She bought many presents for her kids. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8.How much does the woman need to pay before she moves in? A.$600. B.$1,200. C.$1,800. 9.What is the woman going to do this afternoon? A.Go to a pet store. B.Have a look at the apartment. C.Advertise the apartment on the newspaper. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.Where does the woman do most of her paper? A.At home. B.In the classroom. C.In the library. 11.What is the woman’s paper about? A.Australian health care. B.Australian population in 2025. C.Australian birth and death rates. 12.What does the woman think of her paper? A.Satisfying B.Time-wasting. C.Practical. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Father and daughter. B.Teacher and student. C.Classmates. 14.Which foreign language does the woman speak best? A.French. B.Italian. C.German. 15.Why does the woman want to go abroad? A.To get valuable experience. B.To learn a new language. C.To travel with her friends. 16.How does the man think about the food in Paris? A.Simple. B.Delicious. C.Expensive. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17.What day is it today? A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Saturday. 18.What skill can campers learn through this trip? A.How to find safe natural food. B How to avoid dangerous animals. C.How to make use of cooking equipment. 19.How will campers cook food? A.With a camping cooker. B.With a frying pan. C.On a hot rock. 20.What can campers drink? A.Juices. B.Boiled water. C.Hot chocolate. 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why? Read on to find the answer. Venice This iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without intervention(干预), this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate, consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice caps. Machu Picchu These iconic ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America.The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain. Glacier National park Perhaps you've heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National Park.Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades. The Great Barrier Reef Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone,destroyed by pollution and disease. 1. What can we learn about Machu Picchu? A. It's famous for cable cars. B. It has no convenient traffic. C. It's well preserved by the locals. D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism. 2. Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty? A. Venice. B. Machu Picchu. C. Glacier National Park. D. The Great Barrier Reef. 3. What do the above attractions have in common? A. They all have a long history. B. They're all threatened by climate. C. They're all in danger of disappearing. D. They're all well-known for natural scenery. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了面临着消失危险的四个著名景点。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Machu Picchu 部分下的 The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.(旅游业加速了自然侵蚀，这个具有里程碑意义的地方正面临着步行带来的严重影响。秘鲁政府 最近建议使用缆车，这样就可以减少到遗址的徒步旅行，让数百万人立即进入遗址，但马丘比丘的未来仍 不确定。)可知，因为巨大的旅游负担，马丘比丘遗址受到了人类步行参观时所带来的毁灭性影响。D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.(它承受着旅游业带来的巨大压力。)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 The Great Barrier Reef 部分下的 Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off.(隐藏在波浪之下，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。)可推测，游客需要潜入海中才能领略大 堡礁的美。故选 D 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Venice 部分下的 This iconic city is sinking rapidly.和 this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate 可知，威尼斯正在迅速下沉，将以很快的速度被海水淹没；根据 Machu Picchu 部分下的 The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic.可知，过重的旅游负担正在加速马丘比丘的自然侵蚀；根据 Glacier National park 部分 下的 Perhaps you’ve heard that the ice caps are melting.可知，冰川国家公园正在融化；根据 The Great Barrier Reef 部分下的 Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. 可知，大 堡礁正在迅速消亡。即文章提到的四个景点所面临的共同问题是，它们都有消失的危险。C. They’re all in danger of disappearing.(它们都面临着消失的危险)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 B Staying connected When Central Bucks South became one of the first Philadelphia-area high schools to close because of the fear of novel coronavirus exposure in early March, 16-year-old sophomore Andrew Chen knew that things were not going to return to normal as quickly as some of his peers hoped. But still, the change from seeing his friends on the swim team during daily practices to learning alone at home was jarring. “I only have three years here at South, and it pains me to see one of them being wasted,” Chen said. The coronavirus has changed everyone’s lives, but for students, the disruption feels particularly serious. Schools closed and graduation ceremonies were put off. Summer plans, such as camps, are up in the air. But right now, many students are trying to stay connected, struggling with false information, and finding out the best ways they can help – through online method. For Josh Harycki, 17, a senior student at the Shipley School in Philadelphia, the best way to help was to create a “social distancing promise” for young people. “I saw a lot of young people not paying attention,” he said. “They were … still going out, hanging out with others. I thought that there had to be a way to reach younger people, who were possibly not watching the news.” Harycki started a call to action on social media and then built a website with a map that followed and kept the locations of people who’d signed the promise. The site also shares links to accurate sources of information like the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Harycki knows that his peers are worried they can’t connected with their friends in the same way, so he created the social distancing promise to strengthen that although everyone might be physically distant, they’re still connected. “Part of what we’re showing is that you might feel like you’re the only one taking this seriously, but our map shows that you’re not alone,” he said. 4. What does the underlined word “jarring” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. natural B. necessary C. worrying D. reasonable 5. Who does Harycki mainly want to reach? A. Friends who are worried and bored. B. Young people not aware of the situation. C. Younger students trying to help. D. People taking the coronavirus seriously. 6. What’s Harycki’s purpose in creating the “social distancing promise”? A. To order young people to stay at home. B. To follow those infected with the coronavirus. C. To tell young folks of latest news about the coronavirus. D. To show young people that they are still connected. 7. Why does the author describe Andrew Chen’s experience in the text? A. To explain what worried students most when schools closed. B. To show the different views of students toward the coronavirus. C. To show how the coronavirus affected students’ lives. D. To explain the proper reaction to the close of school. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 本文是记叙文。主要讲述在新冠病毒期间，学生在家自学期间，学生 Harycki 建立网站努力保持学生们相互 联系，消除同龄人们担心他们不能与朋友联系的担忧，向同龄人传递虽然每个人可能在身体上是遥远的， 但他们仍然是联系在一起的。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 16-year-old sophomore Andrew Chen knew that things were not going to return to normal as quickly as some of his peers hoped.( 16 岁的大二学生安德鲁·陈知道事情不会像一些同龄人所希望的那样迅 速恢复正常)，由 But still 表示转折可推断，划线词所在句为：从在日常练习中见到他的朋友到独自在家学 习的变化是仍旧是令人震惊的。故划线词 jarring 与 C 项“令人担忧的”意思相近。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段的 I thought that there had to be a way to reach younger people, who were possibly not watching the news.( 我认为必须有一种方法来联系年轻人，他们可能没有看新闻。)可知，Harycki 想要联系 不知道这种情况的年轻人。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的 Harycki knows that his peers are worried they can’t connected with their friends in the same way, so he created the social distancing promise to strengthen that although everyone might be physically distant, they’re still connected.(哈立基知道他的同龄人担心他们不能以同样的方式与朋友联系，因 此，他创造了 social distancing promise，以加强这一点，尽管每个人都可能在身体上疏远，但他们仍然是相 互联系的。)可知，哈立基创建 social distancing promise 的目的是向年轻人展示他们仍然是有联系的。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 16-year-old sophomore Andrew Chen knew that things were not going to return to normal as quickly as some of his peers hoped.(16 岁的大二学生安德鲁·陈知道事情不会像一些同龄人所希望的 那样迅速恢复正常。)和第三段的“I only have three years here at South, and it pains me to see one of them being wasted,” Chen said.(陈说：“我在南方只有三年的时间，其中一年被浪费让我很痛苦。)，结合下文 The coronavirus has changed everyone’s lives, but for students, the disruption feels particularly serious. (冠状病毒改变 了每个人的生活，但对学生来说，这种破坏感觉特别严重。)可推断，作者描述安德鲁陈的经历使为了展示 冠状病毒如何影响学生的生活。故选 C。 C Once a circle missed a wedge (楔子). The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. Finally it found a piece that fit perfectly. It was so happy. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too fast to notice flowers or talk to the worms. When it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped, left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away. In some strange sense we are more whole when we are missing something. The man who has everything is in some ways a poor man. He will never know what it feels like to yearn, to hope, to nourish(滋润) his soul with the dream of something better. He will never know the experience of having someone who loves him give him something he has always wanted or never had. There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so. There is wholeness about the man or woman who has learned that he or she is strong enough to go through a tragedy(悲剧) and survive — he or she can lose someone and still feel like a complete person. Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. When we accept that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved wholeness that others can only long for. 8. Which may be an example of being whole? A. A person has everything. B. A person accepts his or her limitations. C. A person loves someone and is loved. D. A person feels blue for dropping unrealistic goals. 9. How is a baseball season similar to life? A. Easy come, easy go. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. Energy and persistence conquer all things. D. Some battles you win and some battles you lose. 10. How does the author clarify his idea? A. Mainly by comparing. B. Mainly by reasoning. C. Mainly by informing. D. Mainly by arguing. 11. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Pursue perfection in life B. Be whole in life C. Life without mistakes is whole D. No pains, no gains 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以一个小故事引出话题——人生不在于完美, 而在于完整。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so.(人生的完整性在于一个人知道如何面对他的缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃那些不现实的幻想而又 不以此为缺憾)可知一个人接受他或她的缺陷，可能是“完整”的例子。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. (人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球 队也有春风得意的时候。我们的目标是赢的比赛比输的多)可知棒球赛季和生活的相似之处在于你有输有 赢。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。第二段内容(人生“完美”的人)和第三段内容(人生完整的人)作对比; 最后一段又拿 baseball season 和 life 作比较, 因此作者主要是通过作对比和作比较的方法来澄清他的观点的。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文作者通过圆和楔子的小故事感悟出这样的道理:从某种奇怪的意义上讲,当我们失去某些东 西的时候,我们反而会更加完整,人生不在于完美而在于完整。因此不管是从故事内容还是从其诠释的人生哲 理上，B 项“完整的生命”作标题是最佳的。故选 B。 D Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) are compounds that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely. The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration (脱水) within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters. Although daytime humidity(湿度)is only about 10 per cent, this rises to 40 per cent at night, which means there’s enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be transformed into liquid form. That’s exactly what Yaghi’s device does. It’s a box about the size of a small microwave oven designed to suck the humidity from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF), which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto its surface of its internal pores(细孔). Warm it up and the water is released, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water. ―With further improvements, a device, the size of a washing machine, could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,‖ says Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California. One-third of the world’s population lacks safe drinking water; for them such a device could be a lifesaver. These crystalline cluster(结晶群)of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases. MOFs work thanks to their unique structure---large quantities of nanometer-sized internal spaces. In fact one MOF has so many pores that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable light and have many different uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications. 12. Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second paragraph? A. To introduce water harvesters. B. To stress the importance of water. C. To express the urgent need for water there. D. To show its serious condition. 13. What plays a vital role in water harvesters? A. solar energy. B. water molecules. C. a small microwave oven D. metal-organic frameworks. 14. What does the underlined phrase "cling to" in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. hold onto B. break down C. give off D. turn into 15. What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs? A. The future of the MOF technology. B. Other uses of the MOF technology. C. The limitation of the MOF technology. D. The improvement of the MOF technology. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)的用途，结构和性能。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration ( 脱 水 ) within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters.”可知，亚利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何没有水的人都会在三天内死于脱水。除非他们有奥马尔·亚 吉的下一代水收集器。所以奥马尔·亚吉的下一代水收集器可以解决沙漠中缺水的问题。故判断出第二段 提到亚利桑那沙漠是为了介绍水收集器。故 A 选项正确 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段“What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF)...”可 知，使它工作是一种称为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料。所以金属有机框架在水收集器中起着至关重要的作 用。故 D 选项正确。 【14 题详解】 词义猜测题。由第五段“These crystalline cluster(结晶群)of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.”可知，这些由有机分子连接 的金属结晶簇，例如铝或镁，可制成具有极高吸收能力的材料，将特定分子吸到其表面。MOF 就是通过这 种方式紧紧吸附各种液体和气体。 所以第 5 段中下划线的"cling to"可能是 hold onto“紧紧抓住”的意思。 故 A 选项正确。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后段“... their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.” 可知，它们的分子解剖结构可以变化以吸附特定的分子，比如水分子，它们的孔可以设计成储存水的最佳 形态。增加少量的热量或压力会使 MOF 释放它所持有的东西。迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的 MOF 被生 产用于各类实际应用中。所以我们通过短文最后段的内容可以判断出，接下来的段落可能会涉及 MOF 科技 的其它用途。故 B 选项正确。 【点睛】根据上一段的内容来判断下一段的内容是解决判断题的重要的切入点。这一般适用于推测短文最 后一段之后段落的内容。在这样的判断出，短文最后一段通常会以问题的方式留下疑问，或者以陈述句的 形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题。这个时候以问题的方式留下疑问或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一 个悬而未决的问题就是下一段要讨论的内容。 由最后段“... their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.”可知，它们的分 子解剖结构可以变化以吸附特定的分子，比如水分子，它们的孔可以设计成储存水的最佳形态。增加少量 的热量或压力会使 MOF 释放它所持有的东西。迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的 MOF 被生产用于各类实际 应用中。所以我们通过短文最后段的内容可以判断出，以下段落可能会涉及 MOF 科技的其它用途。故小题 4 的正确选项为 B 选项。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Is it true that British people have a different sense of humor than people in other countries? Let’s have a look at what we laugh at in Britain. ___16___ It’s not just politicians who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes themselves too seriously. We laugh at authority, but also sympathetically laugh with anyone who we think is treated badly. ____17____ Our clowns are often silly people doing silly things—Mr Bean, for example—while in America, they are often clever people doing clever things and winning. The fact that we laugh when other people might feel hopeless is one of the oddest things to appreciate about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反讽). “Not very pleasant,” we might say after some terrible experience. ____18____ “It’s a bit windy today” we might say in the middle of a typhoon, or “There’s a slight problem,” when something has gone very seriously wrong. ____19____ Another thing that can make it difficult to understand British humor is that we don’t always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. ____20____ Do you think the British sense of humor is unique? A. In addition,we tend to play things down. B. We often keep a straight face even when we’re making a joke. C. Culture plays a big part in how funny you may find something. D. We know they can’ t win,but if they do so sometimes,it’s even funnier. E. Brits don’t express extreme feelings;we just“keep calm and carry on”. F. Brits turn to laughter as a form of medicine when life knocks them down. G. To the British,powerful and important people are often sources of laughter. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英式幽默的特点。 【16 题详解】 根据下文 It’s not just politicians who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes themselves too seriously.(让我们发笑的不仅是政客，还有那些以告诉别人该做什么为职责的人以及 那些把自己看得太严肃的人)可知这里指出了在英国，哪些人会让人们发笑。该空引出下文，G 选项“对英 国人来说，有权有势的人物常常是笑料”切题，选项中的 powerful and important people 对应下文中的 politicians，故选 G。 【17 题详解】 根据上文 We laugh at authority, but also sympathetically laugh with anyone who we think is treated badly.(我们会 嘲笑权威，但也会同情地笑那些我们认为受到虐待的人)可知这里谈论了受虐待的弱者。该空承接上文，指 出我们如何从弱者那里获得欢笑，D 选项“我们知道他们不可能赢，但如果他们有时赢了，那就更有趣了” 切题，选项中的 they 指代上文中的 anyone who we think is treated badly，故选 D。 【18 题详解】 根据下文 “It’s a bit windy today” we might say in the middle of a typhoon, or “There’s a slight problem,” when something has gone very seriously wrong.(“今天有点风”，我们可能会在台风中说，或者当一些事情变得非 常严重的时候，说“有个小问题”)可知英国人在淡化一些严重的事情。该空引出下文，A 选项“此外，我 们倾向于淡化一些事情”切题，下文是对选项的举例说明，故选 A。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“It’s a bit windy today” we might say in the middle of a typhoon, or “There’s a slight problem,” when something has gone very seriously wrong.(“今天有点风”，我们可能会在台风中说，或者当一些事情变得非 常严重的时候，说“有个小问题”)可知英国人不表达极端的感情。该空承接上文，E 选项“英国人不表达 极端的情绪，我们只是保持冷静，继续下去”切题，故选 E。 【20 题详解】 上文 Another thing that can make it difficult to understand British humor is that we don’t always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. 说另一件让我们很难理解英式幽默的事情是，当我们说一些有趣的事情 时，我们并不总是笑，甚至不笑。该空承接上文，进一步指出英国人在开玩笑的时候，也经常板着脸，B 选 项“即使在开玩笑的时候，我们也经常板着脸”切题，选项中 straight face 对应上文中的 don’t always laugh or even smile，故选 B。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 The majority of people are convinced that they don’t have much imagination. They are ____21____. Everyone has imagination, but most of us forget how to ____22____ it once we become adults. Creativity isn’t always ____23____ with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time ____24____ think of creative ways to solve problems. Here are three techniques to help you. Make connections! It involves taking ____25____ ideas and trying to find links between them. Think about the problem to solve or the job to do. Then find an image, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas ____26____ with candles connect the ____27____ with the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original ____28____ you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night. No limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t ____29____. You have as much imagination as you want. Think about your goal and the new _____30_____. If your goal is to learn to ski, _____31_____, you can now practice skiing every day. Now _____32_____ this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January. Be someone else. Look at the situation from a _____33_____ point of view. Good writers use this technique. Fiction writers often imagine they are the _____34_____ in their books. If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their _____35_____. The best fishermen think like fish! 21. A. mistaken B. accurate C. reasonable D. incredible 22. A. fit in with B. become aware of C. make use of D. keep track of 23. A. equipped B. compared C. occupied D. concerned 24. A. routinely B. skillfully C. apparently D. abruptly 25. A. relevant B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary 26. A. presented B. marked C. indicated D. associated 27. A. ideas B. assessments C. arrangements D. practices 28. A. item B. service C. present D. object 29. A. exist B. occur C. operate D. change 30. A. tendencies B. limitations C. possibilities D. assumptions 31. A. as a matter of fact B. in other words C. as a whole D. for instance 32. A. devote B. apply C. revise D. contribute 33. A. personal B. global C. different D. positive 34. A. features B. themes C. creatures D. characters 35. A. locations B. positions C. images D. impressions 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个让自己有想象力方法，它们是：找出事物之间的联系；想象限制不 存在；换位思考。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们错了。A. mistaken 错误的；B. accurate 精准的；C. reasonable 合理的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据上文的 The majority of people are convinced they don’t have much imagination.和下 文的 Everyone has imagination 可知，那些人的想法是错误的，故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个人都有想象力，但是我们大多数人一旦长大就忘记了如何利用它。A. fit in with 适应；B. become aware of明白；C. make use of利用；D. keep track of追踪。根据上文的Everyone has imagination 可知，此处是指人人都有想象力，只是长大了就忘了怎么使用了，故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造力并不总是与伟大的作品思想联系在一起。A. equipped 配备；B. compared 比较；C. occupied 占据；D. concerned 联系。根据下文的 People at work and in their free time ____4____ think of creative ways to solve problems.可知，创造力其实也是我们想出具有创造力的方案来解决问题，即不仅与 创造性的艺术作品有关，也和日常生活和工作有关，故选 D 项。 【24 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们在工作和业余时间经常也会想出具有创造性的解决问题的方法。A. routinely 通常；B. skillfully 有技巧地；C. apparently 明显地；D. abruptly 突然地。根据上文的 Creativity isn’t always ____3____ with great works of art or ideas.可知此处用“常常”符合语境，always 和 routinely 是近义词复现， 故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它包括找到那些没有联系的想法的共同点。A. relevant 密切相关的；B. unrelated 无关的；C. creative 有创造性的；D. imaginary 想象的。根据下文的 find links between them.可知，此处是指 把没有联系的事物联系在一起，故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：写下所有与蜡烛有关的想法，把这些想法和你的工作联系在一起。A. presented 呈现；B. marked 做标记；C. indicated 暗示；D. associated 联系。根据上文的 Make connections!可知，此处 是指写下和蜡烛有关的想法，故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：写下所有与蜡烛有关的想法，把这些想法和你的工作联系在一起。A. ideas 想法； B. assessments 评估；C. arrangements 安排；D. practices 练习。根据上文的 Write down all the ideas ____6____ with candles 可知，此处用“想法”符合语境，ideas 是原词复现，故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，想象一下你想给朋友买一个有独创性的礼物，你可以给他买比赛的票或 者晚上带他出去。A. item 商品；B. service 服务；C. present 礼物；D. object 物体。根据下文的 you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.可知，此处是指给朋友买一个具有独创性的礼物，故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：设想一下正常的限制都不存在。A. exist 存在；B. occur 发生；C. operate 操作； D. change 改变。根据上文的 No limits!可知，此处用“不存在”符合语境，故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想想你的目标和新的可能性。A. tendencies 趋势；B. limitations 限制；C. possibilities 可能性；D. assumptions 假设。根据上文的 No limits!可知，如果没有了限制，就会有新的可能性，故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：例如，如果你的目标是学习滑雪，那么你现在可以每天都练习。A. as a matter of fact 事实上；B. in other words 换句话说；C. as a whole 总体上；D. for instance 例如。根据上文的 Think about your goal 可知，此处是对上文话题的举例说明，故选 D 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，把这个运用到现实中。A. devote 贡献；B. apply 运用；C. revise 复习；D. contribute 贡献。根据下文的 Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January. 可知，此处是指把你的目标应用到现实中，开始每天练习滑雪故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从一个不同的视角看问题。A. personal 个人的；B. global 全球的；C. different 不同的；D. positive 积极的。根据上文的 Be someone else.可知，此处是指站在他人的角度看待问题，即不同 的视角，故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小说作者常常想象他们是自己书中的角色。A. features 特点；B. themes 主题；C. creatures 生物；D. characters 角色。根据上文的 Be someone else.和常识可知，小说家常常把自己当作书中的 角色，故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的目标涉及到了他人，把你自己放在他们的位置。A. locations 定位；B. positions 位置；C. images 形象；D. impressions 印象。根据下文的 The best fishermen think like fish!可知，渔 民把自己放在了鱼的位置，故此处用“位置”符合语境，故选 B 项。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In any major Indian city, people are seen with an arm outstretched, mobile phone in hand, ___36___ (smile) widely and clicking away. Even Prime Minister Narendra Modi is said ___37___ (love) the selfie (自拍), posting pictures online that he has taken with ___38___ (variety) world leaders. But the pursuit of selfie can sometimes have deadly consequences. India is home to ___39___ highest number of people who have died while taking photos of ___40___ (they), with 19 of the world’s 49 recorded selfie-linked deaths since 2014. ___41___(early) this month, an 18-year-old college student on a class picnic lost his balance while taking a selfie on top of a rock near a dam. He fell into the water and drowned, along with a classmate ___42___ jumped in to save him. Since then, the Indian government ___43___ (declare) 16 no-selfie zones across Mumbai, warning people____44____taking unnecessary risks. Police have declared “no selfie” in areas considered to be____45____(risk)—particularly along the coastline in spots with no railings or fences. Anyone coming into “no selfie” areas even if they take no photos, will risk a fine of 1,200 rupees ($17.50). 【答案】36. smiling 37. to love 38. various 39. the 40. themselves 41. Earlier 42. that/ who 43. has declared 44. against 45. risky 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。因为很多游客喜欢在印度自拍，导致印度成为自拍死亡人数最多的国家。为了阻止这一 情况的恶化，印度政府采取了一些相关措施，例如设立标志牌和罚款。 【36 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 people 和 smile 之间是主动关系， 应用现在分词，故填 smiling。 【37 题详解】 考查不定式。分析句子可知，此处考查固定用法“主语 + be said/ thought/ believed…to do sth.”，故填 to love。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用 variety 的形容词 various“各种各样的”修饰名词 leaders，故填 various。 【39 题详解】 考查定冠词。由 highest 可知此处应填定冠词，表示最高级，故填 the。 【40 题详解】 考查代词。句意：印度是因自拍照死亡数字最高的地方。根据句意可知，此处意为“自拍”即给自己拍照， 故应用反身代词指代上文提到的 people，故填 themselves。 【41 题详解】 考查比较级。句意：本月早些时候，一个 18 岁的大学生班级野餐时，站在一个大坝附近的岩石上自拍失去 了平衡。根据句意可知，此处意为“本月早些时候”，应用 early 的比较级 earlier，故填 Earlier。 【42 题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a classmate，关系词代替先行词，在从 句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词 that/who，故填 that/ who。 【43 题详解】 考查时态。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，根据上文的 since then 判断为现在完成时，主语 the Indian government 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填 has declared。 【44 题详解】 考查短语。此处是短语 warn sb. against doing sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，故填 against。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词。设空处应填形容词作为表语，故填 risky。 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 46. 假如你是李华，你听说好友小明因为压力太大想辍学。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封信： 1.劝小明正确对待压力，并提出减轻压力的几个方法；2.希望小明接受自己的建议。 注意：1.词数 80 左右：2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Xiao Ming, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Xiaoming, I’m sorry to learn that you intend to drop out for high stress. As one of your best friends, I hope that you can give up the idea. First of all,you should have a right attitude towards stress.Stress is a small part in our normal life.Second, I sug gest you calm down and find out the cause of your stress and manage to come up with ways of dealing with it. As to how to reduce stress, you may take exercise, listen to music or turn to your teachers or classmates for help. I hope that you can take my suggestion into account and I’m convinced that you will make a right decision. Yours truly, Li hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信给好友小明，让小明正确对待压力和提出一些建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 人称：第一、二人称 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总-分-总法 要点： 1.劝小明正确对待压力，并提出减轻压力的几个方法； 2.希望小明接受自己的建议。 第二步：列提纲 (重点词组) intend to；drop out；best friends；give up；have a right attitude towards；normal life；calm down；find out； manage to do；come up with；deal with；as to；take exercise；listen to；turn to sb. for help；take sth. into account； make a right decision 等 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m sorry to learn that you intend to drop out for high stress. 2. As one of your best friends, I hope that you can give up the idea. 3. You should have a right attitude towards stress. 4.I suggest you calm down and find out the cause of your stress and manage to come up with ways of dealing with i t. 5. As to how to reduce stress, you may take exercise, listen to music or turn to your teachers or classmates for help. 6.I hope that you can take my suggestion into account and I’m convinced that you will make a right decision. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词) 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all；Second； 2.表并列补充关系：as to；and；or； 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I’m sorry to learn that you intend to drop out for high stress.这句话 使用了由 that 引导的宾语从句；I hope that you can give up the idea. 这句话也使用了由 that 引导的宾语从句； I suggest you calm down and find out the cause of your stress and manage to come up with ways of dealing with it. 这句话使用了省略 that 的宾语从句； I hope that you can take my suggestion into account and I’m convinced that you will make a right decision. 这句 话使用了由 and 连接的并列句等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外， 文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节：读后续写 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Before our wedding, my fiance (未婚夫) and I were very excited about shopping for our first house. So, we took look at several houses, yet as our funds were limited, none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory. One agent recommended a house in particular. Although her description of the house sounded very wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined. However, she kept urging us to have a look at least. We finally agreed and went to take a look. It was lovely at first sight. It was small but charming, overlooking a quiet beautiful lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a kind and hospitable elderly couple, we felt the warmth and happiness of the marriage within that house. It was exactly the house we wanted! Perfect as it was, the price remained much too high for us. But every day, we could sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of what it would be like to live there. Days later, we made an offer, which was far below the asking price. As the price was so low, we were afraid that they would laugh it off. Surprisingly, they didn't laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. It was also much more than we could actually afford, but far less than the original asking price. The next day, we got a disappointing message that another buyer offered a much higher price. Even so, we made up our minds to talk with the owners directly. We made our final offer, which was still thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it, yet we decided to have a try. Nobody knew if we could get it. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: We went to the owners' home, only to find the other buyer visiting the owners too. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The owner looked at us and said, ''I decide to sell my house to you! ''____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We went to the owners' home, only to find the other buyer visiting the owners too. He said the price he offered was much higher than ours, he begged the owners to sell it to him, then the owner asked the buyer, ''why do you want this house? '' The buyer said ''Because it is near the city. I want to buy it for investment. I can rent it to earn money... '' the owner thought for a while and then looked at him and said. ''I'm sorry, sir. I can't sell my house to you, because I am looking for someone who truly loves my house, not just for money.'' The owner looked at us and said, ''I decide to sell my house to you! '' Then he explained: He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that wed appreciate the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a loss by selling it to us. but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the difference in the price ''an early wedding present. '' That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are kind, they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读后续写。本篇主要讲述了作者和丈夫去购买新婚用的房子。他们看上了一套房子，但中介告诉 他们有人比他们的出价更高。抱着试一试的态度，他们决定和房子的主人见上一面。 【详解】续写分为两部分。第一部分的开头是：我们去了房东家里，却发现另一个买家也在。所以可以接 着写：他说自己的出价更高，并要求房东把房子卖给他。然后房东问他买房的原因，他说是因为想把房子 当作投资。房东思考了一下说，不能把房子卖给他，因为他们要找的是爱房子的人，而不是把它当作投资， 用来挣钱的人。 第二部分的开头是：然后房东看着我们说：“我决定把房子卖给你。”所以可以接着写，房东说：他看见 我们最近常常坐在湖边，知道我们非常爱这套房子，也相信我们会欣赏他们在这套房子中投入的精力。所 以他决定低价把房子卖给我们。至于那些不够的钱就当作是提前给我们的结婚礼物。我们就这样找到了喜 爱的房子，也明白了一些道理。 写作时应注意续写内容要符合逻辑，人称的转换和时态。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：I can't sell my house to you, because I am looking for someone who truly loves my house, not just for money.中 who 引导定语从句；That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are kind, they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met.中 how 引导表语从句，that 引导 宾语从句。