高考英语一轮复习Module4AS课后达标检测外研版必修1 7页

Module 4 A Social Survey—My Neighbourhood ‎ (建议用时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·天津高三调研)Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.‎ Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 2018, 34yearold Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.‎ ‎“It was －20 ℃， and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.‎ For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.‎ However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，” said Payne.‎ Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person，” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Locals living on the street.‎ B．The homeless freezing to death.‎ 7‎ C．The extreme weather.‎ D．The shelter for the homeless.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“The homeless freezing to death”。‎ ‎2．How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?‎ A．By drawing public attention.‎ B．By giving them money directly.‎ C．By taking them to her own house.‎ D．By buying hotel rooms for them.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.”可知，Candice Payne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What may contribute to Payne’s nice act?‎ A．Her husband’s past experiences.‎ B．The requests from the homeless.‎ C．Her desire to become famous.‎ D．The coldness of local hotels.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Black Fighter Changes the World B．A Woman’s Curiosity Brings a Reward C．A Regular Woman Makes a Difference D．A Couple’s Brave Act Moves the Country C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.”和最后一段最后两句并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，‎ 7‎ 决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。‎ B ‎(2020·大连一模)It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Head Start” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Head Start” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.‎ To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child’s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The fouryear study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic statuses, ages and family structures. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.‎ At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structures. The one factor that was found to affect the child’s development was the poor quality of parentchild interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.‎ The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Head Start” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要通过对比两项侧重点不同的教育项目表明，要实现教育公平就应该关注对父母的教育，使其与孩子之间进行高品质互动，‎ 7‎ 并且意识到孩子出生后前三年的重要性。‎ ‎5．What caused the failure of the “Head Start” program?‎ A．The large number of poor families.‎ B．The disapproval from children.‎ C．The late start of the program.‎ D．The long period of time.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late.”可知，Head Start项目的失败是因为其开始得太晚了。‎ ‎6．What do we know about the “Missouri” program?‎ A．It focused on the children’s first school teachers.‎ B．It helped the children return to the same home.‎ C．It made the children improved in many aspects.‎ D．It gave the parents advice on their development.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.”可推知，Missouri项目让参与的孩子们在许多方面都有改善。‎ ‎7．According to the passage, what is likely to influence children’s performance?‎ A．The number of family members.‎ B．The parentchild communication.‎ C．The intelligence of their parents.‎ D．The teacherstudent relationship.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“The one factor that was found to affect the child’s development was the poor quality of parentchild interaction.”可知，父母和孩子之间的交流质量是影响孩子发展的因素之一。故选 B。‎ ‎8．How does the author develop the passage?‎ A．By listing figures.‎ B．By making comparisons.‎ C．By presenting ideas.‎ D．By drawing conclusions.‎ B　解析：篇章结构题。通读全文内容可知，本文是通过对比两个侧重点不同的教育项目， 从而组织文章的，故选 B。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·重庆七校联考)It is known to us all that thinking is a good thing. However, ‎ 7‎ some people don’t do it enough, while some people overthink everything. If you’re an overthinker, it can be exhausting running through all the possibilities of everything. It’s not good that the whatifs run your life and you are trapped. 1.________‎ Here are some signs that you are an overthinker, even if you don’t feel you are.‎ ‎·2.________‎ Why didn’t the girl look at me？And why did Peter look away so fast？What does it all mean？！When you’re an overthinker, you tend to find meaning in the world around you. It’s helpful to remind yourself that things mean the meaning you give them.‎ ‎·You think more than you do.‎ Sometimes you think so much that you don’t end up doing anything. You weigh the choices, decide which is the best, and compare it with a new choice. You end up doing nothing. 3.________‎ ‎·You find it difficult to let things go.‎ When you’ve invested a lot of time and energy into something, it can be hard to let it go when it isn’t working. 4.________ The more you think about something, the more it can eat away at you.‎ ‎·You want to get everything right.‎ You might be a perfectionist. You always do your best. But when you don’t get everything right, you seriously blame yourself. By recognizing that this can be a strength as well as a weakness, you should know that you simply can’t get everything right, despite your best efforts.‎ ‎5．________ Remind yourself that you can balance your level of overthinking with more doing. You can even teach someone else who is thoughtless!‎ A．You may continue thinking about it even when you believe you have already let it go.‎ B．You assume that others know what you’re thinking about.‎ C．Remember that, instead of just thinking, it’s equally important to act.‎ D．You’re proud of the act that you’re always thinking.‎ E．You look for meaning in everything.‎ F．It’s even worse when you’re unaware that you are just like this.‎ G．Can any of the above signs be found on you?‎ 7‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要对过度思虑的一些迹象进行了简要的说明。‎ ‎1．F　解析：根据上文中的“It’s not good that the whatifs run your life and you are trapped.”可知，空处应是说明更深一层的坏处，所以选F项。‎ ‎2．E　解析：根据文章结构及空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的小标题，且根据本段的内容及关键词“meaning”可知，E项能概括本段内容。‎ ‎3．C　解析：根据本段的小标题You think more than you do.及空处前一句可推知，空处是作者针对该段描述的现象所给出的建议。故C项符合语境。‎ ‎4．A　解析：根据本段的小标题You find it difficult to let things go.及空后一句“The more you think about something, the more it can eat away at you.”可推知，A项符合语境。‎ ‎5．G　解析：根据上文“Here are some signs that you are an overthinker, even if you don’t feel you are.”可知，G项与之呼应，符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·武汉调研)World Sleep Day falls on March 16. This year’s theme concerns sleep and women.‎ More women suffer from insomnia(失眠) than men, but only 4 percent of them go to a doctor to get help. A Beijing newspaper 1.____________(report) it recently. A study by 2.____________ international organization in the paper said that women 3.____________(age) 30 to 60 sleep six hours and 41 minutes a day 4.____________ average.‎ Young people have also been shown to suffer from a lack of sleep. Statistics from a Chinese medical research center show that in 5.____________(city) like Beijing and Shanghai, 40 percent of young people suffer from insomnia, and 80 percent suffer from great tiredness due to poor quality sleep.‎ Experts blame heavy 6.____________(press) and competition at work for poor 7.____________(sleep) habits. The longterm effects can be unhappiness, anxiety and depression, 8.____________ can in turn lead to chronic illnesses(慢性病), 9.____________(especial) in women.‎ There are, however, a couple of tricks for getting a good sleep, such as maintaining an optimistic attitude, keeping a regular, 10.____________(day) routine, or finding time for sports. Also, you can develop healthy habits, such as keeping the bedroom clean and avoiding tea, coffee, or wine before sleeping.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。今年世界睡眠日关注的是女性的睡眠问题。调查发现，许多女性睡眠不足，年轻人也是如此。文章介绍了导致睡眠不足的原因及其解决方法。‎ 7‎ ‎1．reported　解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“recently”，再结合上文可知，上述结果是北京的一家报纸报道过的，表示已经发生过的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎2．an　解析：考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一个国际组织”，且international的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。‎ ‎3．aged　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作名词“women”的后置定语，应用age的过去分词形式aged，表示“年龄介于30到60岁之间的女性”。‎ ‎4．on　解析：考查固定搭配。on average为固定搭配，意为“平均”。句意：在该报纸中一项由一个国际组织进行的研究表明，30到60岁的女性平均每天睡6小时41分钟。‎ ‎5．cities　解析：考查名词单复数。根据该句中的“like Beijing and Shanghai”可知，该处指“像北京、上海那样的城市”，为复数意义，故填cities。‎ ‎6．pressure　解析：考查名词。根据该句中“and competition”，再结合空前的形容词“heavy”可知，该形容词修饰两个并列的名词，故填press的名词形式pressure，表示“压力”。‎ ‎7．sleeping　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词habits，表示“睡眠习惯”，故填形容词sleeping。‎ ‎8．which　解析：考查关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中作主语，指代前面的“unhappiness, anxiety and depression”，故填关系代词which引导该定语从句。‎ ‎9．especially　解析：考查副词。空处修饰短语“in women”，故用副词形式。‎ ‎10．daily　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词“routine”，表示“日常生活”，故填day的形容词形式daily。‎ 7‎