2020届高三英语第一次质检试题（含解析） 25页

‎2019届高三年级第一次质检试卷 英语（试题卷）‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1.本卷为合肥高三年级第一次质检试卷，分两卷。其中共72题，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。‎ ‎2.考生领取到试卷后，应检查试卷是否有缺页漏页，重影模糊等妨碍答题现象，如有请立即向监考老师通报。开考前15分钟后，考生禁止入场，监考老师处理余卷。‎ ‎3.请考生将答案填写在答题卡上，选择题部分请用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题部分请用黑色0.5mm签字笔书写。考试结束后，试题卷与答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎★预祝考生考试顺利★‎ 第I卷 选择题（共100分）‎ 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.‎ 例：‎ ‎1.What does the man want to do?‎ A. Interview the manager. B. Apply for a job. C. Ask for direction.‎ ‎2. What does the mother want the boy to do?‎ A. Read a book. B. Climb the mountain. C. Wait for her.‎ ‎3.Who broke the coffee cup?‎ A. The man B. The woman . C. John.‎ ‎4.Where does this conversation probably take place?‎ A .In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. At home.‎ ‎5.Why is the woman not sure 0f finishing the report today?‎ A. She can't type fast. B. The computer may break down. C. The report is too long.‎ 第二节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)‎ - 25 -‎ 听下面5段对话.每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话读两遍.‎ 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.‎ ‎6. What are the speakers talking about.‎ A.Holiday plans. B. European cities. C. Health problems.‎ ‎7. Where will Michelle be faring the vocation ?‎ A. In London. B. At home. C. In hospital.‎ 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.‎ ‎8. What's the hospital doing?‎ A. Giving a hospital lesson.‎ B. Preparing a pressentation.‎ C. Working on a problem.‎ ‎9. What will the probably talk about next ?‎ A. When Columbus discovered America.‎ B. What the New World stands for.‎ C.Who was the first European to discover American.‎ 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.‎ ‎10. How long will the man be away?‎ A. A month. B.Nearly a week. C. Three days.‎ ‎11. Who will take care of Ronger?‎ A. His father B. His mother. C. The woman.‎ ‎12. What do we know about The woman ?‎ A. She is a i teacher. B.She still works. C. She likes children.‎ 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.‎ ‎13.How many people will probably go hiking?‎ A. More than 4. B. About 5. C. Mort than 6.‎ ‎14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Close friends. B.Boss and clerk. C. Husband and wife.‎ ‎15. Who will be likely to take charge of the autdoor activity?‎ - 25 -‎ A. Helen B.Susan. C.John.‎ ‎16. What will Jane and Hellen do next weekend?‎ A.Enjoy themselves with susan.‎ B. Go hiking in the mountains.‎ C. Do some holiday shopping.‎ 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题.‎ ‎17. How long did Miss Brown teach the students?‎ A. Two years. B.Three years. C .Four years.‎ ‎18. How do the students like Miss Brown?‎ A. Clever and thoughtful. B. Rude and strict. C.Kind and patient.‎ ‎19. Why do student like Miss Brown's lessons?‎ A. They are easy to follow.‎ B. They are lively and interesting.‎ C. She is not strict with the students .‎ ‎20. What do the students owe their progress to?‎ A. Miss Brown's help. B. The English exams. C. Their hard work.‎ 二.阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）‎ 第一部分 阅读下面的文章，从每题后面所给的四个选项中选出正确的一项。‎ A Camels are large animals living in dry areas. There are two species of camels; the Arabian camel with a single hump(驼背) from the dry desert areas of West Asia, and the Bactrian camel with two humps from Central and East Asia. Camels are over 7 feet tall and weigh over 1,600 pounds. They will live up to 40 to 50 years. Most camels are domesticated(驯化) and fed by people. Camels are plant-eaters．‎ Camels are very strong animals with wide, padded feet. They have thick leathery pads on their knees and chest. Camels have nostrils(鼻孔)that can open and close, protecting them from the desert environment. Bushy eyebrows and two rows of long eyelashes protect their eyes from sand. Their mouth is extremely tough, allowing camels to eat thorny(带刺的)desert plants. Their widened feet help them move without sinking into the sand. Their thick coats reflect sunlight, and also protect them from - 25 -‎ ‎ the intense heat from desert sand. Their long legs help by keeping them further from the hot ground．‎ Camels can go without food and water for 3 to 4 days. They do not store water in their humps as is commonly believed．The humps are actually a container of fat. Camels are incredibly well-adapted to their environment. When conditions heat up, camels can increase their own body temperature, which prevents sweating and therefore water loss. They may not sweat at all during the day．‎ Camels are sometimes called“ships of the desert”because people ride them around the hot, dry deserts of the world．However, the number of camels is becoming smaller for various reasons．‎ ‎1. According to the passage, camels usually live in ________．‎ A. Asia B. Africa C. America D. Australia ‎2. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________．‎ A. camels are useful animals B. camels are clever animals C. camels’ body structure and function D. camels’ characteristics and habits ‎3. The reason why camels lose little water in deserts is that they ________．‎ A. get water from green foods B. can adjust their temperature C. store enough water in the humps D. can manage without water ‎4. What will the author probably talk about following the last paragraph?‎ A. Ways to protect camels． B. Habitats of camels．‎ C. Reasons for raising camels． D. Functions of camels．‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A ‎【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了骆驼，包括居住的地域、种类、身体结构等。‎ ‎1. A 细节理解题。根据第一段的描述“There are two species of camels; the Arabian camel with a single hump(驼背) from the dry desert areas of West Asia, and the Bactrian camel with two humps from Central and East Asia.”可知，骆驼主要居住在亚洲（西亚、中亚和东亚），故选A。‎ ‎2. C 段落大意题。通读第二段，可看出此段阐述了骆驼的身体结构及功能。故答案C正确。‎ ‎3. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中Camels are incredibly well-adapted to their - 25 -‎ ‎ environment. When conditions heat up, camels can increase their own body temperature, which prevents sweating and therefore water loss. They may not sweat at all during the day.可知，骆驼在沙漠中几乎不失去水分的原因是他们能够调节自身的温度，阻止水分蒸发。故答案为B。‎ ‎4. A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句However, the number of camels is becoming smaller for various reasons.可知，然而，骆驼的数量因为各种原因越来越少；故推断下一段最可能阐述保护骆驼的方法，故答案为A。‎ 考点：考查科普类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 我们在做阅读理解时，几种阅读方法（泛读，略读，查读）会交叉使用到，具体步骤为：‎ ‎（1）先精读问题，了解题后做到心中有数。‎ ‎（2）用目光略读全文，捕捉有关信息。可利用标题、主题句等。例如，读记叙文时我们要问5W，即为何(Why)、什么(What)、谁(Who)、何时(When)、何地(Where)、怎样(How)。例如要找一个人名，我们可以直接找到含有这个人名的句子。‎ ‎（3）停下来读这个句子。如果是答案。我们这个问题就解决了，如果不是，可以继续搜寻查找。同时注意一些关键的提示词和标点符号。‎ B New Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world, spanning an area of 620,000 sq km.‎ The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary (保护区) will be one of the world’s most significant fully protected ecosystems, the prime minister of New Zealand, John Key, told the UN General Assembly in New York.‎ The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 km north-east of New - 25 -‎ ‎ Zealand, and expands a marine reserve that surrounds some small islands. The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species. It is also geologically significant, including the world’s longest chain of underwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench, into 10 km underwater — deeper than Mount Everest’s height. The scale of the sanctuary will dwarf (矮化) any previous New Zealand’s protected area, spanning twice the size of the country’s mainland. It will cover 15% of New Zealand’s economic zone.‎ Commercial and recreational fishing will be completely banned, as will oil, gas and mineral prospecting (勘探), exploration and mining. Key’s government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year.‎ ‎"The sanctuary is a world-class, unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to protect it for future generations,"Key said."New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably. Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries, but those of our Pacific neighbors, adding to New Zealand’s efforts to help grow Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources."‎ Nick Smith, New Zealand’s environment minister, said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place."New Zealand needs to use its vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing, aquaculture, minerals and energy, but we also need to set aside special areas where nature comes first and marine life is fully protected,"Smith said.‎ New Zealand will monitor the area via its navy and satellite technology. The Kermadec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US, the UK and Australia.‎ Matt Rand, director of the Pew Charitable Trusts’ Global Ocean Legacy (遗产) campaign, welcomed Key’s announcement."New Zealand will create the gold standard of conservation areas in the sanctuary, preserving one of the few ly unspoiled areas - 25 -‎ ‎ of ocean on Earth,"he said."This commitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30% of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves."‎ ‎5. Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity?‎ A. It has a superior geographical location.‎ B. It has many different kinds of sea animals.‎ C. Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life.‎ D. It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth.‎ ‎6. Which of the following will Key probably agree on?‎ A. People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctuary.‎ B. All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources.‎ C. New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary.‎ D. New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from what Nick Smith said?‎ A. New Zealand should develop its marine industry in special areas.‎ B. The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealand’s mining industry.‎ C. New Zealand hasn’t figured out how to make full use of its ocean resources.‎ D. Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after explorations.‎ ‎【答案】5. B 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了新西兰将打造一个世界上规模最大的海洋保护区。‎ ‎【小题1】B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species.（就生物多样性而言，该地区被认为是重要的，具有近35种的鲸鱼和海豚，150种鱼和7种世界海龟中的3种）可知，这个海域有众多的海洋生物，这对生物多样性是很重要的。故选B。‎ ‎【小题2】C 推理判断题。根据第五段中New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably. 我们新西兰人民珍惜自己的海岸和海洋，这是我们文化、经济和环境的重要组成部分，我们致力于可持续管理。）可知，Key会同意C项观点。‎ ‎【小题3】B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句Nick Smith, New Zealand’s environment minister, said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that - 25 -‎ ‎ it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place."可知，这个海洋保护区可能会对采矿业造成影响。故选B。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ 细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。25.【小题1】B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species.（就生物多样性而言，该地区被认为是重要的，具有近35种的鲸鱼和海豚，150种鱼和7种世界海龟中的3种。）可知，这个海域有众多的海洋生物，这对生物多样性是很重要的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查环保类阅读 C You're not doomed to toss and turn every night. Although you might not be able to control all of the factors that relate to your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple sleep tips.‎ No. 1: Stick to a sleep schedule Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends, holidays and days off. Being consistent reinforces （加强） your body's sleep-wake cycle and helps promote better sleep at night. If you don't fall asleep within about 15 minutes, get up and do something relaxing. Go back to bed when you're tired.‎ No. 2: Pay attention to what you eat and drink Don't go to bed either hungry or stuffed. Your discomfort might keep you up. Also limit how much you drink before bed, to prevent disruptive middle-of-the-night trips to the toilet. Nicotine, caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of nicotine and caffeine — which take hours to wear off — can ruin quality sleep.‎ - 25 -‎ No. 3: Create a bedtime ritual Do the same things each night to tell your body it's time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book, or listening to light music. Be careful of using the TV or other electronic devices as part of your bedtime ritual. Some research suggests that screen time or other media use before bedtime has impact on sleep.‎ No. 4: Get comfortable Create a room that's ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs.‎ Your mattress and pillow can contribute to better sleep, too. Since the features of good bedding are subjective, choose what feels most comfortable to you. If you have children or pets, set limits on how often they sleep with you — or insist on separate sleeping quarters.‎ No. 5: Limit daytime naps Long daytime naps can affect nighttime sleep — especially if you're struggling with poor sleep quality at night. If you choose to nap during the day, limit yourself to about 10 to 30 minutes and make it during the mid-afternoon.‎ If you work nights, you'll need to make an exception to the rules about daytime sleeping. In this case, keep your window coverings closed so that sunlight — which adjusts your internal clock — doesn't interrupt your daytime sleep.‎ No. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routine Regular physical activity can promote better sleep, helping you to fall asleep faster and to enjoy deeper sleep. Timing is important, though. If you exercise too close to bedtime, you might be too energized to fall asleep. If this seems to be an issue for you, exercise earlier in the day.‎ No. 7: Manage stress When you have too much to do — and too much to think about — your sleep is likely to suffer. To help restore peace to your life, consider healthy ways to manage stress. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and - 25 -‎ ‎ dividing tasks. Give yourself permission to take a break when you need one. Share a good laugh with an old friend.‎ Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night — but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor. Identifying and treating any underlying causes can help you get the better sleep you deserve.‎ ‎8. Which of the following is helpful to have quality sleep at night?‎ A. listening to light music before bed B. working out in the gym only in the day time C. using expensive pillows that sell well D. drinking lots of water instead of coffee before bed ‎9. Which of the following sleep tips is not mentioned in the passage?‎ A. Control your daytime sleep time.‎ B. Adopt healthy ways to handle stress.‎ C. Follow a flexible sleep timetable.‎ D. Schedule your daily physical activities.‎ ‎10. According to the passage, in what situation do you need to contact your doctor?‎ A. You can not nap in the day time.‎ B. You frequently have trouble sleeping.‎ C. You do not fall asleep within 15 minutes.‎ D. You have too much to think about before bed.‎ ‎11. What’s the purpose of this passage?‎ A. To provide advice on promoting better sleep at night.‎ B. To inform readers of different sleep habits before bed.‎ C. To offer tips on various relaxing activities before bed.‎ D. To convince readers of the importance of quality sleep at night.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】试题分析：文章就如何拥有良好的睡眠给了几条建议。‎ ‎8. A 细节理解题。文章第四段Do the same things each night to tell your body it's time to wind down. This might include taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book, or listening to light music.可知，A项有助于睡眠，故选A。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎9. C 细节理解题。A/B/D项在No. 5: Limit daytime naps No. 7: Manage stressNo. 6: Include physical activity in your daily routine均有提到，而C项与No. 3: Create a bedtime ritual相悖，故选C。‎ ‎10. B细节理解题。从文章最后一段Nearly everyone has an occasional sleepless night — but if you often have trouble sleeping, contact your doctor.得知答案。故选B。‎ ‎11. A主旨大意题。通读全文，我们得知，文章主要是介绍睡眠的，并给出建议，故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。‎ 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：‎ ‎1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。‎ ‎2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。‎ ‎3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。‎ ‎4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。‎ 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：‎ ‎1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。‎ ‎2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。‎ ‎3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。‎ ‎4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。‎ ‎5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。‎ 考点：考查日常生活类阅读 D Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis - 25 -‎ ‎ gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss the final €7.2bn tranche(援助资金) of Greece’s €240bn EU/IMF bailout(紧急援助).‎ Ministers said Greece had made “progress” but more work was needed.‎ The Greek government is struggling to meet its payment obligations（责任）.Earlier, Greece began the transfer of €750m (£544m, $834m) in debt interest to the International Monetary Fund - a day ahead of a payment deadline.‎ ‎“The liquidity（资产流动性） issue is a terribly urgent issue. It’s common knowledge, let’s not beat around the bush,” Mr Varoufakis told reporters in Brussels. “From the perspective of timing, we are talking about the next couple of weeks.”‎ Greece has until the end of June to reach a reform deal with its international creditors. Its finances are running so low that it has had to ask public bodies for help. The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default（违约） on its debts and leave the euro.‎ In a statement, the eurozone finance ministers said they “welcomed the progress that has been achieved so far” in the negotiations,” but added: “We acknowledged that more time and effort are needed to bridge the gaps on the remaining open issues.” Eurogroup chairman Jeroen Dijsselbloem said there had to be a full deal on the bailout（紧急财务援助） before Greece received any further payments. “There are time constraints(限制；约束) and liquidity constraints and hopefully we will reach an agreement before time runs out and before money runs out.” he said.‎ There had been fears that Greece would default on its IMF debt repayment due on Tuesday. However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed（实施） on Monday. Almost €1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May.‎ It is unclear how the government came up with the funds, but the mayor of Greece’s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.‎ ‎12. What is Yanis Varoufakis?‎ A. He is Greece’s finance minister.‎ - 25 -‎ B. He is an expert in the eurozone.‎ C. An official of the International Monetary Fund.‎ D. He is Eurogroup chairman.‎ ‎13. Which of the following could be the worst result if Greece defaulted on its debts?‎ A. The International Monetary Fund would cancel the debt of Greece.‎ B. The EU would help Greece rebuild its financial system.‎ C. Greece might have to leave the eurozone.‎ D. The eurozone would accept Greece.‎ ‎14. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. The EU Get Challenged.‎ B. The International Monetary Fund Reform.‎ C. The EU Face Economic Crisis.‎ D. Greece Two Weeks from Cash Crisis ‎15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. People fear that the International Monetary Fund can’t pay Greece for debt repayment.‎ B. Greece succeeded in paying interest payments to the IMF.‎ C. It is unclear how the government came up with the funds.‎ D. The mayor of Greece’s third city handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】试题分析：希腊财政部长Yanis Varoufakis警告希腊经济可能在几周内崩溃，因为要偿还IMF快到期的借款，最终希腊成功向国际货币基金组织支付利息。‎ ‎【小题1】A 推理判断题。根据第一段Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss...可推知，Yanis Varoufakis是希腊的财政部长。故选A。‎ ‎【小题2】C 推理判断题。根据第四段The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default（违约） on its debts and leave the euro.可知，希腊可能不得不离开欧元区。故选C。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【小题3】D 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks.以及全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述希腊在两周内可能会发生的现金危机。故D项符合题意。‎ ‎.......................................‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 归纳文章中心的关键是抓住文章主线和关键词语，‎ 要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。34.【小题3】D主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. 以及全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述希腊在两周内可能会发生的现金危机。故D项符合题意。‎ 考点：考查政治经济类阅读 第二部分 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference．____16____.‎ - 25 -‎ Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways. ____17____. After a while, it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradable—destroyed by bacteria or natural processes. Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants(污染物).____18____.That means harmful material may get into our food supply.‎ ‎___19___. Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctly. Plastic recycling programs also works—where old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products. We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to, rather than end it after the first use. We could, when we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials.‎ The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics. _____20_____. And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use. By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.‎ But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.‎ A. Then, fish may eat the plastics.‎ B. But people can make a big difference.‎ C. Plastics should be gathered together and reused.‎ D. It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.‎ E. It asks for them to better measure and control plastic use.‎ F. The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.‎ G. The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F ‎ ‎18. A 19. B ‎ ‎20. E - 25 -‎ ‎【解析】试题分析：本文叙述了塑料是如何进入海洋并危害海洋生物和人类的，呼吁人们和公司采取措施来保护我们的环境。‎ ‎【小题1】G 上文提到在联合国的一次会议上提出了关于塑料污染海洋的报道，所以此句说明了报道的内容，故选G。‎ ‎【小题2】F 根据上文的“makes its way into rivers and other waterways”及下文的“it collects in the sea”可知，这句话讲的是塑料是如何最终到达大海的，故选F。‎ ‎【小题3】A 根据下文的“That means harmful material may get into our food supply.”可知，我们的食物来源鱼类有可能吃到塑料，故选A。‎ ‎【小题4】B 根据下文可知，人类引起污染也可以采取措施制止污染，所以此句应是转折，故选B。‎ ‎【小题5】E 根据前一句讲述“报道呼吁公司要改进塑料的使用方法。”故E项“它要求他们更好地测量和控制塑料的使用。”承接上一句，E项中的It代指前一句提到的The report。‎ ‎【名师点评】本文叙述了塑料是如何进入海洋并危害海洋生物和人类的，呼吁人们和公司采取措施来保护我们的环境。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ 七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来39.【小题4】B根据下文可知，人类引起污染也可以采取措施制止污染，所以此句应是转折，故选B。‎ 考点：考查对文章的内容和时态的整体理解和上下文逻辑关系的把握 三.语言知识技能运用（共两节，共45分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant ___21___ Miller King, who was the best ___22___ at our school.‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried ‎ - 25 -‎ my football everywhere for ___23___.‎ Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from ___24___. He looked very ___25___, but he didn’t cry.‎ That season, I ___26___ all of Miller’s records while he ___27___ the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,___28___ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s ___29___ .‎ One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller ___30___ going over a fence—which wasn’t ___31___ to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept ___32___ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I ___33___ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally ___34___ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did ___35___ .Thank you for filling in for ___36___ .”‎ His words freed me from my bad ___37___ . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was ___38___ ahead of me. I was right to have ___39___ him. From that day on, I grew ___40___ and a little more real.‎ ‎21. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with ‎22. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player ‎23. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure ‎24. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training ‎25. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed ‎26. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried ‎27. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched ‎28. A. and B. then C. but D. thus ‎29. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice ‎30. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost ‎31. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit ‎32. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology ‎33. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed - 25 -‎ ‎34. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe ‎35. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally ‎36. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them ‎37. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams ‎38. A. still B. also C. yet D. just ‎39. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired ‎40. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】本文主要讲述了我和Miller之间的故事。Miller虽然在车祸中失去了右臂，但他却没有被打败，他依然领先于我，我从中学到了许多。‎ ‎21. 考查动词短语。根据When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant___1___Miller King,who was the best___2___at our school. 可知这里意思是那就意味着要打败Miller King，他是我们学校最好的球员。cheering for 喝彩，beating out 击败，relying on 依赖，staying with把……坚持下去。所以选B。‎ ‎22. 考查名词。根据When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. 可知这里意思是他是我们学校最好的球员。coach 教练， student 学生，teacher 教师， player运动员，所以选D。‎ ‎23. 考查名词。句意：为了练习，我带着足球去每一个地方。practice 练习，show 炫耀，comfort 安慰，pleasure高兴，所以选A。‎ ‎24. 考查名词。根据Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知Miller是从医院回来。school 学校，vacation 假期，hospital 医院， training训练，所以选C。‎ ‎25. 考查形容词。根据Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知Miller在车祸中失去了右臂，所以他的脸色一定很苍白。pale 苍白的，calm 平静的，relaxed 放松的， ashamed惭愧的，所以选A。‎ ‎26. 考查动词。根据We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player可知这里意思是那个赛季，我打破了Miller创造的所有纪录。held 保留，broke 打破， set 设置，tried 尝试，所以选B。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎27. 考查动词。Miller在车祸中失去了右臂，所以他只能坐在家里的凳子上观看比赛。reported 报告，judged 判断， organized 组织，watched观看，所以选D。‎ ‎28. 考查连词。根据We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,___8___I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s___9___.可知这里意思是虽然我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事故负责。and 而且，then 然后， but 但是，thus因此，所以选C。‎ ‎29. 考查名词。句意：虽然我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事故负责。decision 决定， mistake 错误， accident 事故，sacrifice牺牲，所以选C。‎ ‎30. 考查动词。根据when he was going over a fence—which wasn’t___11___to climb if you had both arms. 可知这里意思是我看到Miller被卡住了。stuck 被卡住， hurt 受伤，tired 疲倦的，lost失去的，所以选A。‎ ‎31. 考查形容词。句意：如果你有两只胳膊，爬上栅栏并不困难。steady 稳定的， hard 困难的， fun 有趣，fit健康的，所以选B。‎ ‎32. 考查名词。句意：我确定，在这个世界上，我是他最后一个愿意接受帮助的人。praise 表扬， advice 建议，assistance 帮助，apology道歉，所以选C。‎ ‎33. 考查动词。根据But even that challenge he accepted. 可知这里意思是我帮助他慢慢地穿过了栅栏。let 允许， helped 帮助，had 有， noticed注意，所以选B。‎ ‎34. 考查形容词。句意：当我们安全到达另一边时。dropped 掉下， ready 准备，trapped 陷入困境， safe安全， 所以选D。‎ ‎35. 考查副词。句意：在这个赛季，我没有告诉你这些，但是你做得很好。fine 很好地，wrong 错误地，quickly 迅速地， normally正常地，所以选A。‎ ‎36. 考查代词。句意：谢谢你代替了我。us 我们，yourself 你自己， me 我， them他们，所以选C。‎ ‎37. 考查名词。根据I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s___9___.可知这里意思是他的话使我从我的噩梦中解脱出来。memories 记忆， ideas 理念，attitudes 态度， dreams梦，所以选D。‎ ‎38. 考查副词。根据Damaged but not defeated, 可知这里意思是虽然被损坏，却没有被打败，他依然领先于我。still 依然， also 也， yet 已经， just仅仅，所以选A。‎ ‎39. 考查动词。句意：我对他很羡慕，是对的。challenged 挑战，cued 暗示， invited ‎ - 25 -‎ 邀请，admired羡慕，所以选D。‎ ‎40. 考查形容词比较级。句意：从那天开始，我长大了，并且多了一些现实。healthier 更健康，bigger 更大，cleverer 更聪明， cooler更冷，所以选B。‎ 第II卷 非选择题（共50分）‎ 三.语言知识技能运用（共两节，共45分）‎ ‎【二】语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分）‎ 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway  ____41____ his talk, the speaker stopped and decided  ___42___(create) a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon ____43____(use) a marker pen. Then all the balloons   ___44___ (collect) and put in another room.‎ The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name  ____45____ (write) on within five minutes.  Everyone was  ___46___ (hurry) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could find their own balloon.‎ Now each person was asked to randomly collect ____47____balloon and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes everyone had their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly ___48___ was happening in our lives.‎ We may like to think of  ___49___ (us) more important than others, but our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness ___50___ you will get your own happiness.‎ ‎【答案】41. through ‎ ‎42. to create ‎ ‎43. using 44. were collected ‎ ‎45. written ‎ ‎46. hurriedly ‎ ‎47. a 48. what ‎ - 25 -‎ ‎49. ourselves ‎ ‎50. and ‎【解析】试题分析：学术会上，演讲者举行一个活动，讲述生活道理，给别人幸福就会得到自己的幸福。‎ ‎41. through 考查介词。此处表贯穿的意思，故用through。‎ ‎42. to create考查非谓语动词。decide后跟不定式作宾语。‎ ‎43. using考查非谓语动词。using为现在分词短语做该句的方式状语。‎ ‎44. were collected考查时态和被动语态。该句的主语是balloons为collected的动作承受者，故用被动语态，且用过去式。故填were collected。‎ ‎45. written 考查非谓语动词。名字和写之间是被动关系，此处又是非谓语，故用written。‎ ‎46. hurriedly 考查副词。空后是动词，应用副词作状语修饰动词searching。‎ ‎47. a 考查冠词。根据句意：每一个人被要求拿到一个气球。表示泛指，应用a。‎ ‎48. what 考查引导词。表语从句，缺少主语，那正是我们生活中正在发生的事。故用what。‎ ‎49. ourselves 考查代词。考虑我们自己，故用反身代词ourselves。‎ ‎50. and 考查连词。根据句型：“祈使句+and+分句”判断填and。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 语法填空的解题技巧 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力。我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以进行填写。在读懂的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析逐题解答。按题型设计分三种情况：‎ ‎1. 纯空格试题的解题技巧 首先分析句子结构，根据所缺成分确定哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词，或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。此处考查的冠词a的填写。‎ ‎2. 给出了动词的试题解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。若句子没有别的谓语动词或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系，所给动词就是谓语动词，若是谓语动词就要考虑时态和语态；若句子有谓语动词则用非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在分词、动名词和过去分词）。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎3. 词汇转换题解题技巧 这类题主要考查名词、形容词和副词。根据该词在句中所做句子成分确定用哪种形式。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 四.写作技能（共两节，共35分）‎ 短文改错（共10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear Mr. Johnson,‎ I’ve learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanting in your company. I am eager to being one of them. So I am writing the letter. My name is zhang Hua. I was born in the Hebei Province and I am in good health. I’ve just graduated in the Computer Department of Wuhan University. I did very good in all subjects and I am especial good at computer studies and English. I can read science books in English and doing some writing in English as well. Beside, I know a few French. And in my spare time ,I enjoy playing basketball. As is said that your company is very famous and I’ll very glad if you let me work for it. My telephone number is 027-89276628．I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ ‎【答案】‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎51. are wanting改为are wanted 考查被动语态，主语some clerks与动词want之间是被动关系，而不是主动关系。‎ ‎52. to being改为to be 考查固定搭配用法，be eager to do sth...‎ ‎53. 去掉Hebei前的the 在省份之前不加任何冠词。考查冠词的用法。‎ ‎54. graduated in 改为graduated from 考查固定搭配：graduate from从...毕业 ‎55. good in 改为well in do well in...做得好，成绩好 ‎56. especial改为especially 考查形容词与副词的辨析，especially修饰后面的形容词good。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎57. and doing改为and do 这里的连词and链接前后的时态应该一直，所以改成do。‎ ‎58. beside改为besides考查词义的区别， besides，另外 beside在...旁边 ‎59. As is said改为it is said It is said that...据说...考查固定句型 ‎60. very glad前加be I’ll是I will的缩写，其中will为情态动词，后面应该跟动词原形。‎ 书面表达（共25分）‎ ‎52. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David想了解你高中第一学年的情况。请根据下列所提示的信息给他写一封回信。‎ ‎1. 感叹时间过得快；‎ ‎2. 学习上的得与失；‎ ‎3. 学校生活：交友，课外活动等。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 100字左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数。‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear David,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ What about your school life？Would you like to share it with me? I’m looking - 25 -‎ ‎ forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear David,‎ How time flies! It is almost one year since I studied in senior high school. I’m glad to share with you my experience in the new school.‎ I study very hard here and have learned much new knowledge, which makes me very happy. Most excitingly, I’ve made great progress in English. But I am not good at physics and I’ll have to work harder in the next term.‎ In this school, I have made so many new friends that I never feel lonely. After class, I often discuss difficult problems and even share my happiness and sorrow with them. In my spare time, I often take part in different kinds of after-school activities, especially ball games. Therefore, I’ve grown taller and stronger.‎ What about your school life? Would you like to share it with me? I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】试题分析：本文是提纲类作文，要点已给出；写作时可联系自身实际，适当发挥；但注意要把要点写全，使用高级词汇和高级句型提升文章档次。‎ ‎【亮点说明】本文是一篇书信，内容齐全，布局合理，文中使用高级句子。It is almost one year since I studied in senior high school. Since引导时间状语从句；I study very hard here and have learned much new knowledge, which makes me very happy.非限制性定语从句用在句中；But I am not good at physics and I’ll have to work harder in the next term.此句是并列句；I have made so many new friends that I never feel lonely.结果状语从句运用巧妙；另外，Most excitingly, After class, In my spare time, Therefore,的运用为文章增色添彩。‎ 考点：考查提纲类作文 ‎ - 25 -‎