2018届二轮复习完形微技能之二—词语同现课件（26张） 26页

2018 届二轮复习完形填空专题 完形微技能之二 词语同现 词语同现是指在意义上相关联的词汇有可能共同出现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。如： 若是一篇以学校生活为话题的文章，像 teacher, student, classmate, monitor, book, classroom, dormitory, canteen, lab, desk, teaching building 等意义与 school life 相关联的词语就有可能同时出现在这篇文章中。 完形微技能 — 词语同现 除了这种“语义相关联”词语可能同时出现外，还有“反义关联”的词也有可能同时出现在一个语篇中。如一篇以学习方法为主题的文章，作者谈到“男生”应如何学习，接下来就有可能谈到“女生”应如何学习。又如在谈到某人几点“离开”了教室，就有可能会谈到他什么时候“回到”教室。此外，还有“修饰相关联”的或“搭配相关联”的词也有可能同时出现，如 population 可能与 large 或 small 同现，但一般不会与 many, few 同现。 词语同现是解答完形填空的重要策略。在解答完形填空时，要注意在上下文中寻找这些相关联的词，并理清好它们之间的关系，才能快速锁定答案。 请利用词语同现策略解答以下题目： 1. Though I had a lot of working experience and a Master’s degree, I could not find ______ work. hard B. satisfying C. interesting D. legal 解析： 因与 “ 丰富的工作经验 ”“ 硕士学位 ” 同现的应是 “ 令人满意的 (satisfying) 工作 ” ，故选 B 。还要注意 though 一词，前后是让步关系、转折意义。 B 2. “Why has my life become so hard?” I thought ________. hopefully B. suddenly C. painfully D. carelessly 解析： 由上下文可知，与 hard 同现的应是 painfully ，故选 C 。 C 3. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow （乌鸦） that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw his coming. The bird did not ________until the man left the tower. A. relax B. recover C. react D. return 解析： return 与 left 相对，“离开”“返回”这两者属于词语同现，故选 D 。 D 请运用上述所学到的解题方法来完成以下的练习。 1. At the meeting, everyone is _______ ideas in a heated discussion. thinking B. bringing C. exchanging D. talking 解析： C 在会议上应是“交换”意见，其余三个动词与 idea 搭配不当，不合语境。 即学即用 C 2. The president of our school delivered an inspiring _______ at the opening ceremony of the new term. present B. speech C. party D. celebration 解析： B 与“发表 (deliver) ”搭配的应是“演讲 (speech) ”，才与“新学期的开幕式”的语境相符。 B 3. I asked her what time it was, but she didn’t ___. A. respond B. say C. face D. share 解析： A 与 asked 同现的应是 respond 。 4. Jackson was elected Prime Minister and came to ___________. A. action B. life C. power D. effect 解析： C 与 was elected( 被选为 ) 同现的应该是“开始执政”。 A C 5. Without an umbrella, we were all caught in the heavy ___________. water B. river C. wind D. rain 解析： D 与 umbrella 同现的应是“雨”。 D 6. Our meetings were not __________: our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels. A. normal B. necessary C. pleasant D. possible 解析： C 与 arguments and quarrels 同现的应是“不愉快 (not pleasant) ”。 C 7. When my teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team, at first I thought it was a crazy _________. A. idea B. plan C. belief D. saying 解析： A 与 suggested 同现的应是“观点 (idea) ”。 A 8. Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks _______ than words. straighter B. louder C. higher D. harder 解析： B 能修饰 speak 的应是 louder 或 straighter ，又因“说直话”与某种语言无关，故只有 louder 正确。 B 9. If you drive your car at full __________, you’ll risk losing your life. A. time B. speed C. length D. price 解析： B 与 drive 和 risk losing your life 同现的应是“全速 (at full speed) ” 行驶。 B 10. The __________ visited a large number of scenic spots and had a better understanding of the local culture. A. passengers B. customers C. tourists D. servants 解析： C 与 scenic spots( 旅游景点 ) 同义的应该是“旅客”。 C 11. Each student expects to get full ______ in exams. A. marks B. exercises C. crosses D. subjects 解析： A 与“考试 (exams) ”同现的应是“分数 (marks) ”。 A 12. My uncle has very little schooling. However, he has a strong desire for ________ and is eager to learn more. A. information B. chances C. advice D. knowledge 解析： D 与 schooling 和 learn more 同现的应是“知识 (knowledge) ”。 D 13. I thought hard and finally came up with a _________ to the problem. A. solution B. entrance C. path D. road 解析： A 与 problem 同现的应是“解决方法 (solution) ”。 A 14. In the ___________, while the teacher is writing on the blackboard, all the students are listening to him and taking notes with great attention. A. cinema B. park C. classroom D. playground 解析： C 与 teacher, student, blackboard 等同现的应是 classroom 。 C 15. When you go traveling, you’d better take some __________ with you in case you catch a cold during the trip. books B. medicine C. water D. coats 解析： B 与 catch a cold 同现的应是 medicine 。 B 16.“A great many times Marina ，” responded her aunt. “I remember when I was small I was also _______ afraid of the dark ， but I later overcame it gradually.” A. nearly B. hardly C. terribly D. obviously C 与 afraid 同现又符合语境的，只有 terribly 。 nearly( 几乎 ) ， obviously( 显然 ) 一般不修饰 afraid ( 害怕 ), 而 hardly( 几乎不 ) 与语境意义不符。 C 17. The next morning ， Marina came running into the kitchen happily ， with a _______ smile on her face. A. sad B. frightened C. biter D. big D 与 happily 同现的应是 big smile 。 D 18. Ignore those small events that can affect your whole day ______and have a harmful effect on your studies. A. negatively B. wonderfully C. sweetly D. bravely A 与 ignore 和 harmful 同现的应是“负面地 (negatively)” 。 A 19. I played a racquet ball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most ________ and tiring games I’ve ever had… A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular B 与 tiring 同现的应是 hopeless 。 B Thank you! 名师 指津