2021版新高考英语一轮复习ModuleanEnglish同步练习外研版必修5 23页

Module 1 British and American English 一、语基必备知识 ‎ (一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√‎ motorway n．　　　　 underground n.‎ subway n. queue vi.‎ omit vt. settler n.‎ satellite n. flick n.‎ structure n. edition n.‎ cute adj. distinctive adj. ‎ Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．accent n．　　　　　　 口音 ‎2．compare vt. 比较 ‎3．steadily adv. 不断地；持续地 ‎4．switch n. 开关 ‎5．rapidly adv. 迅速地 ‎6．announcement n. 声明；宣告 ‎7.__add vt. 加；增加 ‎8．present vt. 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)‎ ‎9．attempt n. 努力；尝试 ‎10．look n. 外观；外表；样子 ‎11．criticise vt. 批评 ‎12．standard adj. 标准的 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．refer v．参考；查阅；提到→reference n．参考；查阅 ‎ ‎2．combine v．结合；联合→combination n．组合；结合 ‎3．obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的→obviously adv.显然地，明显地 ‎4．remark n．& v．评论；讲话→remarkable adj.显著的；非凡的 ‎5．vary v．改变；使变化→variety n．种类→various adj.各种各样的 ‎6．simple adj.简单的→simplify vt.简化→simply adv.简单地；仅仅；不过 ‎7．differ vi.不同，有区别→difference n．不同，区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的 23‎ ‎8．confuse vt.使困惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusion n．困惑 ‎1.“评论”不容忽视 ‎①remark n．& v．　　 评论；讲话 ‎②review n．& v. 评论 ‎③comment n．& v. 评论；意见 ‎④criticism n. 评论；批评 ‎2.ify结尾动词找一找 ‎①simplify　　　 简化 ‎②beautify 美化；使美丽 ‎③classify 分类 ‎④clarify 澄清 ‎⑤identify 确定；鉴定；识别 ‎3.有“分”也有“合”‎ ‎①combination n．　 组合；结合 ‎②unite v. 联合 ‎③link v. 连接 ‎④separate vt. 使分离 ‎⑤divide v. 分开 ‎⑥divorce v. (使)离婚/分离 ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．have...in__common　　　　　　 有相同的特点 ‎2．make__a__difference 有影响，使不相同 ‎3．get__around 四处走动(旅行)‎ ‎4．be__similar__to 与……相似 ‎5．lead__to 引起；导致 ‎6．in__favour__of 同意；支持 ‎7．refer__to...as... 称……为……‎ ‎8．thanks__to 幸亏，多亏 ‎9．after__all 毕竟；终究 23‎ ‎1.to为介词的短语荟萃 ‎①lead to　　　　　 引起；导致 ‎②object to 反对 ‎③devote to 献身于 ‎④be/get used to 习惯于 ‎⑤be accustomed to 习惯于 ‎⑥pay attention to 注意 ‎2.“in＋n.＋of”短语大比拼 ‎①in favour of　　 支持；同意 ‎②in view of 鉴于，考虑到 ‎③in memory of 纪念……‎ ‎④in respect of 关于，涉及 ‎⑤in terms of 就……而言 ‎⑥in charge of 主管，掌管 ‎3.“make a＋n.”短语一览 ‎①make a difference　　 有影响，使不相同 ‎②make a contribution 做出贡献 ‎③make a decision 做出决定 ‎④make a mistake 犯错误 ‎⑤make a noise 制造噪音 ‎⑥make a reservation 预订 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：while作连词表对比，意为“而；然而”‎ Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it’s a torch.‎ 美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。‎ 句型2：have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 A Londoner has__more__difficulty__understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.‎ 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。‎ 句型3：make＋it＋adj.＋for sb.to do ‎ This nonstop communication, the experts think, has made__it__easier__for__British__people__and__Americans 23‎ sth.使某人做……是……的(it为形式宾语) ‎ ‎__to__understand each other.‎ 专家们认为，这种不间断的交流已使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词 ‎1．Recently people are very concerned about the rapidly(迅速地) rising food costs.‎ ‎2．I read the announcement(声明，公告) of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am very interested in it.‎ ‎3．I am cautious about what I say because careless remarks(话语) are likely to hurt others’ feelings.‎ ‎4．It’s standard(标准的) practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.‎ ‎5．He paid little attention to sentence structures(结构), which led to his failure in the test. ‎ B．根据所给单词写出适当形式 ‎6．Obviously(obvious), whether we will hold this sports meeting depends on the weather in the coming months.‎ ‎7．All attempts(attempt) to control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.‎ ‎8．Comparing(compare) Tom with other athletes, you will find that Tom has the perfect body shape for a swimmer.‎ ‎9．I don’t mind her criticising(criticise) me, but it is how she does it that I object to.‎ ‎10．Mr. Smith was presented(present) with a watch by the boss for his years’ hard work.‎ Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.试图；尝试 ‎2．(2019·浙江卷6月)But can uniforms help improve school standards？标准；规范 ‎3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Now my dream is to open a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it requires a lot of ideas and efforts.简单的 ‎4．(2018·北京卷)The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, ‎ 23‎ and more affordably.带来；招致 Ⅲ.选词成篇 be similar to; lead to; have...in common; in favour of; refer to...as...‎ Li Hua and I have been good friends ever since our childhood. We 1.have much in__common,__that is to say, we 2.are__similar__to each other in many ways. I believe that diligence 3.leads__to success, which Li Hua is 4.in__favour__of. So we 5.refer__to it as our motto.‎ make a difference; get around; queue up/stand in line; pick up; thanks to Mr. Smith likes 6.getting__around in the town. But one day while 7.queuing__up/standing__in__line for the bus, he suddenly lost his consciousness. 8.Thanks__to the help of the people present, he was sent to the nearest hospital. Now his health has 9.picked__up. So it can be concluded that giving a helping hand to others will surely 10.make__a__difference．‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．汤姆从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而约翰却极有条理。‎ Tom is never very neat, while__John__is__completely__organised．‎ ‎2．由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。‎ For lack of independence, most students have__difficulty__(in)__adapting__to college life at present.‎ ‎3．新技术已经使新产品以更低的成本更快速地生产成为可能。‎ New technologies have made__it__possible__to__produce new products faster and at a lower cost.‎ ‎ compare　v．比较，比喻，对照　n．比较，对照 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a. (2018·浙江卷6月)Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress his importance in literature.‎ b．A teacher is often compared to a candle. That’s because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.‎ ‎②a.(2019·江苏卷)The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared(compare) with other animals.‎ b．When comparing(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to 23‎ ‎ the differences without noticing the many similarities.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎(普通表达) If you compare the task with the previous one, you will find it seems a small challenge.‎ ‎③(高级表达)Compare__the__task__with__the__previous__one,__and you will find it seems a small challenge. (祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ ‎④(高级表达)Comparing__the__task__with__the__previous__one,__you will find it seems a small challenge. (现在分词短语作状语)‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)__Compared__with__the__previous__one,__the task seems a small challenge. (过去分词短语作状语) ‎ ‎ ‎(1)compare...with/to...　 把……和……相比较 compare...to... 把……比作……‎ compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语)‎ compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见 ‎(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双 ‎(3)comparison n. 比较；对照；比喻 in comparison with 与……相比 ‎[佳句背诵] ①In comparison with other films, the English short film, Growing Together, is believed to be more instructive and full of emotion.‎ 与其他影片相比，这部英文短片《共同成长》被认为更有教育意义且充满情感。(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ ‎②I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately he couldn’t spare me even one minute.　我想跟一个朋友切磋一下，但很不幸，他连一分钟时间都挤不出来。‎ ‎[名师点津] 分词作状语时，如果与主语是被动语态关系，要其用过去分词形式；如果与主语是主动语态关系，要其用现在分词形式。‎ ‎ differ　vi.不同，有区别 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(北京卷)Because a college community(群体) differs(differ) from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.‎ ‎②a.The twins are so alike. It’s difficult to tell the difference(differ) between them.‎ b．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types ‎ 23‎ differently(different)．‎ ‎③British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望实现的任何事情有影响。‎ Only when we match our words with actions can__we__make__a__difference__in whatever we hope to accomplish.‎ ‎ ‎(1)differ from...in...　　 与……在……方面不一样 ‎(2)difference n. 不同；区别 make a difference 有影响；使不相同 tell the difference between...and...‎ ‎ 区分……‎ ‎ 与……的差别 ‎(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的 be different from...in... 在……方面不同；‎ ‎ 与……不同 ‎(4)differently adv. 不同地　 ‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)不同和相同 不同：differ, be different, vary 相同，相似：be the same, be similar/alike ‎(2)ence后缀，构成名词 refer－reference; prefer－preference；‎ exist－existence; confident－confidence ‎ present　n．现在，目前；礼物　vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；赠送；呈现　adj.出席的，在场的；现在的 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中present的词性和含义 ‎①The present situation is taking a turn for the better.adj.当前的 ‎②Classic works, written by masters, present great thoughts through fascinating stories and language.v.呈现 ‎③All the people present at the party were his supporters.adj.出席的；在场的 ‎④(北京卷)I was extremely interested in the ideas he presented in class.vt.陈述；提出 ‎⑤(湖南卷)Whenever you buy a present, you should think about it from the receiver’‎ 23‎ s point of view.n.礼物 ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎⑥On Teachers’ Day, my students presented__me__with__some__flowers/presented__some__flowers__to__me(送给我一些鲜花)．‎ ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)At__present(目前), the world has about 6，800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.‎ ‎ ‎(1)present sb. with sth.＝present sth.to sb.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 把某物赠送给某人 ‎(2)be present at... 出席……‎ ‎(3)at present 现在，目前 for the present 眼前；暂时　 ‎ ‎[名师点津] present 用作形容词，表示“出席的，在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的，当前的”时，常用作前置定语。‎ ‎[词块助记] present awards　授予奖品/奖金/奖状 the present difficulties/problems/situation ‎ 当前的困难/问题/形势 Make the past serve the present. 古为今用。‎ ‎ attempt　vt.企图，尝试　n．努力，尝试 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Kevin had treatment on the understanding that he would attempt to__overcome(overcome) his drinking problem.‎ ‎②Don’t expect to pass the driving test at the first attempt. After all, you’ve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 他试图通过这次考试，但考试太难通过了。‎ ‎③He attempted__to__pass/at__passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass.(attempt v．)‎ ‎④He made__an__attempt__to__pass/at__passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass. (attempt n．)‎ ‎ ‎(1)attempt at doing/to do sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 尝试或努力做某事 23‎ ‎(2)make an attempt at doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 尝试或努力做某事 at one’s first attempt 某人第一次尝试　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to protect the environment.‎ 为了保护环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。‎ ‎[名师点津] 尝试和做成 ‎(1)尝试做某事：try to do sth., have a try at doing sth., give sth. a try ‎(2)做成某事：manage to do sth., succeed in doing sth.‎ ‎ have...in common　在……方面有相同之处 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with the stranger the first time I met him.‎ ‎②Britain, in common with many other industrialized countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(江苏卷)——只有那些共同点多的人才能友好相处。‎ ‎——恕我不敢苟同。有时的确是相异相吸。‎ ‎—Only those who have__a__lot__in__common can get along well.‎ ‎—I beg to differ. Opposites sometimes do attract.‎ ‎ ‎(1)have a lot/much/a great deal/nothing/little in common with...　　　‎ ‎ 与……有很多/没有 ‎ 共同之处 in common with... 与……一样 ‎(2)common sense 常识；情理　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Anyone with common sense is able to make the appropriate decision and do whatever suits the occasion best.　任何一个有常识的人都会做出合适的决定，做任何最适合该场合的事情。‎ ‎[名师点津] 常考“in＋n.＋with”短语：in contact/touch with 与……联系；in contrast with 与……对比；in harmony with与……协调一致；in line with与……一致 ‎ lead to　引起，导致；通向 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to 23‎ ‎ a waste of limited resources.‎ ‎②A lack of confidence can lead to your losing(lose) the chance to go abroad for further education. ‎ ‎③I’m wondering what has led you to__believe(believe) that not all roads lead to Rome.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)The girl led__the__way(领路), so we had no difficulty finding the house.‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)With__the__girl__leading__the__way,__we had no difficulty finding the house.(with＋宾语＋宾补)‎ ‎ ‎(1)lead sb.to＋n.　　 带领某人到……；使某人 ‎ 得出(观点)‎ lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事 ‎(2)lead a．..life 过着……的生活 lead the way 引路，带路 ‎[名师点津] lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing 形式。表示“导致”的词汇还有：cause, result in, bring about。‎ ‎[词块助记] lead a happy/hard/comfortable/simple life　过着幸福的/艰苦的/舒适的/简朴的生活 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ‎(教材原句)A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.‎ 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(北京卷)—Did you have difficulty finding(find) Ann’s house?‎ ‎—Not really. She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.‎ ‎②You have no difficulty remembering(remember) the new words, so you can’t imagine the difficulty I have learning(learn) them by heart.‎ ‎③Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 23‎ ‎④(普通表达)We had__difficulty__walking__home(步行回家非常困难) in the snowstorm. You can’t imagine the difficulty. ‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)You__can’t__imagine__what__difficulty__we__had__walking__home__in__the__snowstorm！(定语从句＋感叹句)‎ ‎(1)difficulty前可用great, much, some, any, no, little等修饰，difficulty还可以用trouble, problems, a hard time等替换。‎ ‎(2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time with sth.在某事上有困难 ‎(3)there is no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.做某事/在某事上没有困难 ‎[佳句背诵] Undoubtedly, we must have difficulty in searching for the road leading to science.‎ 毫无疑问，我们在寻找通向科学的道路上一定有困难。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语为“have＋doing”形式；‎ ‎(2)have difficulty (in) doing sth.中的difficulty是不可数名词。‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．The clock has just struck twelve, announcing(announce) the end of the morning in school.‎ ‎2．Comparing the two boys, we found that Tom is more careful. But compared with Tom’s brother, Tom is less careful.(compare)‎ ‎3．I’d love to find a job combining(combine) my major and interest upon graduation so that I can fully develop my potential.‎ ‎4．You can’t imagine what great difficulty we have ever had dealing(deal) with the problems.‎ ‎5．Students should be encouraged to__present(present) their own opinions, whether right or wrong.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．Li Hua has been preparing carefully for the 2021 College Entrance Examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first attempt.‎ ‎2．Studies have shown that too much control of emotion can lead to high blood ‎ 23‎ pressure, hearing problems and other illnesses.‎ ‎3．We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common.‎ ‎4．Many children seldom communicate with adults, making it difficult for their parents to know what they are thinking about.‎ ‎5．Thanks to modern science and technology, people lead a more comfortable and richer life.‎ 维度三　派生词练习 ‎1．He made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)‎ ‎2．The reference book the teacher referred to just now is said to be popular among students.(refer)‎ ‎3．The book explains grammar simply and clearly, because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple)‎ ‎4．They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused,__standing there in confusion,__not knowing what to do.(confuse)‎ ‎5．From the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. As for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)‎ 维度四　完成句子/句型转换 ‎1．这首诗对于中学生来说很容易，而对于小学生来说就很难理解。(while)‎ The poem is easy for a middle school student while__it__is__difficult__for__a__pupil__to__understand．‎ ‎2．从我自身经历中，我了解到几句表扬的话就会对某人有很大影响。(make a difference)‎ From my own experience, I learned that several__words__of__praise__can__make__a__great__difference to someone.‎ ‎3．对你不了解的事情不要妄加评论，否则你会被嘲笑的。(remark n．)‎ Don’t make__remarks__on/about what you don’t know, or you’ll be laughed at.‎ ‎4．Everyone in this city knew him, so we found his house without difficulty.‎ ‎→Everyone in this city knew him, so we had__no__difficulty__finding his house.‎ ‎5．If you compare the two books, you’ll find the thick one is better.‎ ‎→Comparing__the__two__books,__you’ll find the thick one is better.‎ ‎→Compare__the__two__books,__and you’ll find the thick one is better.‎ 23‎ ‎→Compared__with/to__the__thin__book,__the thick one is better.‎ 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ ‎1．Recently(recent) we have a debate about which English makes more 2.differences(differ) to us.‎ Some students think British English has more influence 3.compared(compare) with American English, because it is the “original” 4.variety(vary) of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it. However, others are 5.in favour of American English. They hold the view 6.that most English language films are American, 7.which has led to more and more people across the world 8.using(use) American English.‎ In 9.my(I) opinion, whichever English we use, we have no difficulty 10.understanding(understand) each other, because they have a lot in common.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter正在学习汉语，他写信向你请教如何提高汉语口语，请你按以下要点给他回信。①写信目的；②提出合理建议；③表示祝愿。‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)‎ ‎①得知你在试图学习汉语，并寻找提高汉语口语的办法，我很高兴。‎ I’m delighted to know that you are__attempting__to__learn__Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese.‎ ‎②我想向你提出一些关于如何提高你的汉语口语的建议。‎ I’d like to present__you__some__advice on how to improve your spoken Chinese.‎ ‎③与其他语言相比，汉语更令人困惑， 也许会导致你困惑。‎ Compared__with other languages, Chinese is more__confusing and it may lead__to__confusion for you.‎ ‎④汉语学习者的兴趣、决心和努力意义重大。‎ Chinese learners’ interest, determination and hard work can make__a__big__difference．‎ ‎⑤和朋友们用汉语在线交流是一个好办法，这会让你的汉语口语快速提高变得容易。‎ It’s a good idea to communicate with friends online in Chinese, and it will make__it__easy__for__you__to__improve your spoken Chinese rapidly.‎ ‎⑥尽管你学习汉语时可能会有一些困难，但是永远不要放弃练习。‎ 23‎ Though you may have__some__difficulty__learning__Chinese,__never give up practising.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤‎ It’s__a__good__idea__to__communicate__with__friends__online__in__Chinese,__which__will__make__it__easy__for__you__to__improve__your__spoken__Chinese__rapidly.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：obviously，therefore, in addition, more importantly)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Peter，‎ I’m delighted to know that you are attempting to learn Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese. I’d like to present you some advice on how to improve your spoken Chinese.‎ Obviously, compared with other languages, Chinese is more confusing and it may lead to confusion for you. Therefore, Chinese learners’ interest, determination and hard work can make a big difference. In addition, it’s a good idea to communicate with friends online in Chinese, which will make it easy for you to improve your spoken Chinese rapidly. More importantly, though you may have some difficulty learning Chinese, never give up practising. ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ (建议用时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·德州高三模拟)Gabriella’s family immigrated to the US from Peru when she was two years old. As a compound ‎ 23‎ bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both English and Spanish. Her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning English in school, Spanish at home. Finally, Gabriella’s parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.‎ Regardless of accent and pronunciation, all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language. It seems that the difference may not be apparent. But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. It’s well known that the brain’s left hemisphere(半球) is in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones. Language involves both types of functions. Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left.‎ Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the children’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged, and even if you didn’t have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, it’s never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from “Hello” to “Hola” “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a long way.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更活跃；学习外语永远不迟。‎ ‎1．Why is Gabriella’s family used as the example in Paragraph 1?‎ A．To show that the family are bilinguals.‎ B．To explain the advantages of bilinguals.‎ C．To illustrate the three types of bilinguals.‎ D．To prove all ages can learn foreign languages.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．Why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?‎ 23‎ A．Because they learn languages with a set of concepts.‎ B．Because they use both hemispheres to learn languages.‎ C．Because their mother tongue doesn’t influence them much.‎ D．Because they can easily translate one language into another.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个大脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “handicap” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Disease.　 B．Disability.‎ C．Disadvantage. D．Illness.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the children’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages.”尤其是该句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The left brain is more important for language learning.‎ B．Learning languages can promote the brain development.‎ C．The proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.‎ D．Immigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged”可知，最近的一项研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明。它确实会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，学习语言会促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·郑州高三第二次质量预测)Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. But when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin(普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.‎ ‎“I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin，” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language.‎ 23‎ He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinesespeaking friends. While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power，” he said.‎ Many experts agree that proficiency(熟练) in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy.‎ ‎“People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing fast，” said Marty Abbott, director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country.”‎ Abbott predicts that as many as 100，000 students are now studying Mandarin in public and private schools throughout the US. She said the US government has designated(指定) Mandarin as an “important need” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language ability for economic competitiveness，” Abbott added.‎ At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes set up in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas at Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了普通话在美国学生中日益流行。‎ ‎5．Why did Thomas Cheatham decide to study Mandarin instead of Latin?‎ A．Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin.‎ B．Mandarin could be helpful to his future career.‎ C．Mandarin might help him learn more about China.‎ D．Mandarin could enable him to study computer engineering.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career.”可知，Thomas Cheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助，所以才决定学习普通话。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “edge” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．‎ A．a slight advantage　　　　 B．the outside limit 23‎ C．a sharp tone of voice D．an exciting quality A　解析：词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power”和第四段第一句中的“a language spoken by a billion people”可知，随着中国的发展，学习普通话大有裨益，由此可推知，学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势，这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”，与A项含义相近。‎ ‎7．Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?‎ A．Mandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the US.‎ B．Those skilled at Chinese will be the most competitive in the future.‎ C．The US government’s policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.‎ D．Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their economic security.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知，在Marty Abbott看来，美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。‎ ‎8．What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?‎ A．The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.‎ B．The great benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.‎ C．The influence of China’s growing power on American education.‎ D．The effect of Confucius Institutes in promoting Mandarin in the US.‎ A　解析：主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象，这与最后一段的进一步论述呼应。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·广东七校联考)We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. 1.________If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you.‎ Don’t expect to have it all.‎ ‎2．________ You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.‎ ‎3．________‎ It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition(直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.‎ 23‎ Don’t delay making decisions.‎ Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. 4.________ Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.‎ Don’t be hard on yourself.‎ You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn’t expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. 5.________ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.‎ A．Don’t spend too much time thinking.‎ B．It is an important source of information.‎ C．You may regret making such a stupid decision.‎ D．Don’t count on emotion to make decisions.‎ E．Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.‎ F．Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.‎ G．That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不要求全责备，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。‎ ‎1．G　解析：根据空处所在位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions.”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定。据此可以推断，做好决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。‎ ‎2．F　解析：根据该段小标题Don’t expect to have it all.可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”；结合空后的“You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few.”可知，做决定迫使我们关上了其他可能性的大门，故F项正确。‎ ‎3．A　解析：根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；结合本段第一、二句“It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it.”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故E项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问”符合语境。‎ ‎5．C　解析：根据该段小标题Don’t be hard on yourself.可知，该段主要论述“不要苛求自己”；结合空后一句“But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.”可知，‎ 23‎ 请你要记住这有时是不可避免的事情。据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会后悔做这个愚蠢的决定”，故C项正确。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2020·湖北武昌区调研)Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school. I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was __1__. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when __2__， and that our abilities in that regard decline with age. __3__， just before my 50th birthday, I __4__ for French classes.‎ After I was __5__ to see which group I belonged in, I was __6__ at almost the introductory level. I found that it really was true that certain linguistic(语言的) abilities __7__ with age. While I’d always thought of myself as a(n) __8__ learner, that was no longer the case. I absorbed new vocabulary very __9__. What I learned one week ago seemed to __10__ as soon as I learned the next skill.‎ Now, a couple of years later, I can listen to the news in French and __11__ 90 percent of it on the first try and read a novel if it’s not too difficult.‎ Who knows what I might still __12__？‎ I’ve learned so much __13__ grammar and vocabulary. I’ve met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the __14__ to make fools of themselves in order to __15__ something new. I’ve been taught by patient and inspirational teachers from many __16__ of the world, including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa.‎ Listening to the news as it is __17__ to the people of France, I have a renewed __18__ of how something can look completely different from another __19__. I’ve learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of __20__. But most of all, I’ve learned that it really is never too late to learn something new.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。‎ ‎1．A.unbelievable　　　　　　　 B．pointless C．unbearable D．valueless B　解析：根据该句“I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was ______．”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到这是无意义的(pointless)，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.energetic B．curious 23‎ C．young D．old C　解析：根据后半句中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Meanwhile A　解析：根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。‎ ‎4．A.sought B．registered C．fought D．prepared B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎5．A.interviewed B．challenged C．asked D．tested D　解析：根据空后的“to see which group I belonged in”并结合语境可知，经过测试(tested)来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(placed) 为几乎是初级水平，故选D。‎ ‎6．A.restricted B．withdrawn C．appointed D．placed D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.fade B．remain C．disappear D．improve A　解析：根据第一段中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。‎ ‎8．A.autonomous B．average C．quick D．dull C　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”一直认为自己是一个学东西很快的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。‎ ‎9．A.easily B．slowly C．steadily D．rapidly B　解析：结合语境及上题解析可推知，“我”掌握新词汇的速度很慢(slowly)，故选B。‎ ‎10．A.crowd in B．make sense C．slip away D．build up C　解析：根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就好像消失(slip 23‎ ‎ away)了，故选C。crowd in“涌上(心头)”；make sense“有意义”；build up“(使)扩大”。‎ ‎11．A.catch B．recite C．share D．repeat A　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。catch“理解”，故选A。‎ ‎12．A.complete B．overlook C．perform D．accomplish D　解析：根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。‎ ‎13．A.except B．beyond C．through D．including B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，“我”认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除……之外”。‎ ‎14．A.confidence B．ability C．patience D．courage D　解析：根据空后的“make fools of themselves in order to ______ something new”可知，此处表示“我”遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们为了学(learn)一些新的东西而有勇气(courage)出丑，故选D。‎ ‎15．A.learn B．experience C．explore D．possess A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.organizations B．corners C．classes D．races B　解析：根据下文的“including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa”可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地区(corners)。‎ ‎17．A.updated B．spread C．presented D．conveyed C　解析：根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。‎ ‎18．A.understanding B．attitude C．knowledge D．judgment A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。‎ ‎19．A.manner B．aspect 23‎ C．angle D．direction C　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.studying B．working C．living D．thinking D　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。‎ 23‎