高考英语必修1导学案：（Unit4 Earthquakes the 4th period） 7页

The Fourth Period ‎●从容说课 This period lays emphasis on grammar，that is，the Attributive Clause，which is also the difficult point in Senior English.‎ First，revise what the students have learnt in the last period by filling in the blanks in a passage and translating some sentences from Chinese into English.‎ In this unit the students should learn to use the Relative Pronouns such as that，which，who，whom and whose to introduce an Attributive Clause.First，the teacher presents one sentence containing an Attributive Clause，which was taken from the reading passage.Teacher tries to analyze the sentence and let the students have a general idea about what is an Attributive Clause.Then the students are asked to find all the sentences that contain an Attributive Clause in the Reading passage.Next the teacher will explain the difference between these relative pronouns and also show some typical examples.After that，the students will choose the right relative pronouns to complete some sentences.‎ In order to consolidate the grammar，the students will do some oral practice.In this practice，the students will tell each other their own unusual experiences.Then each group will choose one representative to report to the whole class.The students should not only learn about the grammar，but also learn how to use them，which is much more important.Also this part can help the students to communicate with each other using the language that they have learned，and this is the real purpose of learning languages.‎ ‎●三维目标 ‎1.Knowledge：‎ ‎（1）Learn the Attributive Clause.‎ ‎（2）Learn the difference between Relative Pronouns for the Attributive Clauses.‎ ‎2.Ability：‎ ‎（1）Learn to choose the correct Relative Pronouns for the Attributive Clauses.‎ ‎（2）Train the students’ ability to report what others have said.‎ ‎3.Emotion：‎ Train the students’ ability to cooperate with each other. ‎ ‎●教学重点 ‎（1）Learn the Attributive Clause.‎ ‎（2）Train the students’ ability to report what others have said.‎ ‎●教学难点 Learn to choose the correct Relative Pronouns for the Attributive Clauses.‎ ‎●教具准备 ‎（1）a tape recorder ‎（2）a projector ‎（3）the blackboard ‎●教学过程 Step 1 Greetings Greet the whole class as usual.‎ Step 2 Revision T：In the last period，we learned the usage of some difficult words and expressions.Now let’s check your homework exercises.Look at Part ‎1 in Using Words and Expressions on Page 63.Describe an earthquake using the vocabulary in this unit.Then choose the words and expressions from the box to complete the passage.Change the form if necessary.‎ ‎（One student reads the short passage.The teacher corrects any mistakes if there are any.）‎ T：Then let’s come to the next part.Translate the sentences into English using the words and expressions in the brackets.I will ask some of you to read the sentences.‎ S1：The evening before last，she was too nervous to eat anything.‎ S2：When people found there was a second quake，they rushed out of their houses right away.‎ S3：After that terrible disaster，60 percent of the homeless children were sent to other safe cities to live.‎ S4：To the north of the factory，a little girl was dug out of the ruins.‎ S5：We are proud of the soldiers，who rescued those boys from the race.‎ S6：We should honor those who organized the rescue work.‎ T：You did a quite good job.‎ Step 3 Grammar ‎（The teacher writes the sentence “Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.” on the blackboard before class begins.）‎ T：Please look at the sentence on the blackboard，paying special attention to the underlined part.What kind of clause is it？‎ Ss：The Attributive Clause.‎ T：Yes.You are right.The Attributive Clause tells us which person or thing （or what kind of person or thing） the speaker means.‎ e.g.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.‎ A sentence with an attributive clause is a combination of two shorter sentences.In the sentence above，the two short sentences are： “The woman is a teacher.” and “The woman lives next door.” The Attributive Clause is the answer to the question：Which woman is a teacher？‎ Would you try to divide the sample sentence on the blackboard into two short sentences？‎ S1：Workers built shelters for survivors.‎ The survivors’ homes had been destroyed.‎ T：That’s right.Now try to find all the sentences with Attributive Clauses in the Reading passage.‎ ‎（After several minutes.）‎ S2：But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，went to bed as usual that night.‎ S3：It was heard in Beijing，which is one hundred kilometers away.‎ S4：A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses，roads and canals.‎ S5：The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400000.‎ S6：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.‎ T：Very good.Then which part of the Attributive Clause，do you think，is the most difficult one？‎ S7：The relative pronouns.‎ T：You have noticed that many exercises about the Attributive Clause are designed for the students to choose a better relative pronoun.So next I will say something about the common relative pronouns.‎ ‎“Who” is used for people.‎ e.g.The man has been caught.He did the robbery.‎ ‎→The man who did the robbery has been caught.‎ ‎“Which” is used for things.‎ e.g.The chair was a broken one.I sat in the chair.‎ ‎→The chair which I sat in was a broken one.‎ ‎“That” is used for things or people.‎ e.g.A plane is a machine.It can fly.‎ ‎→A plane is a machine that can fly.‎ Here is the boy.He damaged the vase.‎ ‎→Here is the boy that damaged the vase.‎ ‎“Whose” is used instead of his/her/their.‎ e.g.She is the girl.Her English is the best in our class.‎ ‎→She is the girl whose English is the best in our class.‎ ‎“Whom” is quite formal，and in most cases it is all right to use who instead.But when whom has a preposition before it，it cannot be replaced by who.‎ e.g.（1）I wanted to see the woman.She had already left.‎ ‎→The woman whom/who I wanted to see had already left.‎ ‎（2）The workers，some of whom stayed here for four years，come from different countries.‎ T：Now look at Part ‎2 in Discovering Useful Structures on Page 28.Try to complete each sentence using that，which，who，or whose.‎ ‎（After several minutes.）‎ S8：The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people who were asleep.‎ T：Oh，attention，please.In this sentence we can’t use “whom”，because “whom” can’t act as a subject in the Attributive Clause.‎ S9：So you mean “who” can act as a subject，while “whom” can act as an object in an Attributive Clause.‎ T：Yes.And “who” can also act as an object in the Attributive Clause.Now，let’s come to the next sentence.‎ S10：The next day people put up shelters in the open air with all kinds of things that/which they could find.‎ S11：Several days later most of the buildings that had been damaged were repaired.‎ S12：We went to see our teacher whose husband was killed in the earthquake.‎ S13：A number of children whose parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.‎ T：You did a quite good job.‎ Step 4 Consolidation T：Now we are going to practice using the Attributive Clause.Think about an unusual experience and how you felt.Work in groups.Take turns asking questions，using “Was it ‎ something that？” or “Was there someone who？” Take notes about the experiences of your group members and report back to the class.‎ ‎（Ss work in groups.Meanwhile the teacher goes around the class and helps Ss deal with any difficulties that they may have.）‎ ‎（After several minutes.）‎ T：Each group should choose one representative to make a report to the whole class.‎ S1：Was it something that frightened you？‎ S2：Yes，I was really frightened and felt terribly painful.‎ S3：Was there someone who came to help you？‎ S4：Yes.Some passers-by came to help me and they sent me to the nearest hospital.‎ S5：While riding a bike back home，Xiao Ming was hit by a car.He fell down from the bike onto the ground.He felt terribly painful.Some passers-by came to help him and sent him to hospital.After examination，the doctors found his left leg was broken.‎ T：Excellent.‎ Step 5 Homework T：After class，read the passage on Page 64.It’s about advice on how to protect your home from an earthquake.Complete the sentences below，using who，whom，which，that or whose. Second，please translate the following sentences into English，using the Attributive Clauses.‎ ‎1.她的父母不允许她嫁给任何家境贫寒的人。‎ ‎2.两位朋友谈论了许多他们所记得的大学里的人和事。‎ ‎3.正在那儿唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。‎ ‎4.这就是你上个月参观的博物馆吗？‎ ‎5.他正在写字用的那枝钢笔是我的。 ‎ ‎●板书设计 Unit 4 Earthquake The Fourth Period ‎ Example： Workers built shelters Answers：‎ for survivors whose 1.who 2.that/which homes had been 3.that 4.whose ‎ destroyed. 5.whose Relative Pronouns： Useful Expressions：‎ who，which，that 1.Was it something that ...？‎ whose，whom 2.Was there someone who ...？‎ ‎●活动与探究 Conducting a Survey：‎ Conduct a survey on campus in pairs.Ask teachers or students that you can meet and write down the information you get.Then write a report based on the information.At last report your survey to the whole class and choose the best reporter.‎ Questions： ‎ ‎（1）Have you experienced any disaster？‎ ‎（2）What was it and when did it happen？‎ ‎（3）What did you do at first？Did you feel frightened？‎ ‎（4）How did you survive？‎ ‎（5）Did anyone come to help you？‎ ‎（6）What have you learnt from it？‎ ‎●备课资料 定语从句关系词的选择 ‎1.只用that，不用which的情况：‎ ‎（1）当先行词是不定代词，如all，everything，anything，nothing，much，few，little，none，the one等。‎ All that can be done has been done.‎ ‎（2）先行词前有the only，few，one of，little，no，all，every，very 等词修饰时。‎ There is no difficulty that we can’t overcome.‎ ‎（3）先行词被序数词first，last，next等或形容词的最高级修饰时。‎ This is the first letter that I’ve written in Japanese.‎ ‎（4）当先行词既有人又有物时。‎ They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.‎ ‎（5）当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时。‎ China‎ isn’t the country that she used to be 50 years ago.‎ ‎（6）当主句是以who，which或what开头的特殊疑问句时。‎ Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop？‎ ‎（7）当先行词是what时。‎ What did you hear that made you so happy？‎ ‎2.只用which不用that的情况：‎ ‎（1）先行词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语或宾语。‎ Their house was washed away by the floods，which made them very sad.‎ ‎（2）当关系代词前有介词。‎ This is the factory in which we once worked.‎ ‎（3）当先行词本身是that时。‎ What’s that which flashed in the sky just now？‎ ‎（4）当关系代词后面带有插入语时。‎ Here is the English grammar book which，as I have told you，will help improve your English.‎ ‎3.as与which的比较：‎ ‎（1）在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中的某个部分，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。‎ They failed in the exam，as/which is natural.‎ As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.‎ ‎（2）如关系代词代表全句意思，有“正如……，就像……”之意时，用as。‎ We won the football game，as we had expected.‎ ‎（3）当先行词被the same，such，so修饰时，用as。‎ This is the same book as you bought yesterday.‎ Don’t believe in such men as praise you to your face.‎ ‎（4）当从句内容对主句内容起消极作用，则用which。‎ The young man cheated his friend out of much money，which was disgraceful.‎ Related Exercises：‎ ‎1.I know the boy ____________ you gave the book____________.‎ A.whom；to B.which；to C.to whom；to D.that；to him ‎2.Harbin is the very place ____________ I’m anxious to pay a visit.‎ A.that B.which C.on which D.to which ‎3.Have you been to Hangzhou，____________ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country？‎ A.whose B.which C.that D.where ‎4.I know the student ____________ you borrowed the pen.‎ A.that B.from whom C.from which D.whom ‎5.Here are players from Japan，____________ are our old friends.‎ A.that B.where C.they D.who ‎6.They arrived at the farmhouse，in front of ____________ sat a small boy.‎ A.the place B.it C.which D.that ‎7.That is the day ____________ I’ll never forget.‎ A./ B.on which C.in which D.when ‎8.The letter is from my sister，____________ is working in Beijing.‎ A.which B.that C.who D.she ‎9.I lost a book，____________ I can’t remember now.‎ A.its title B.whose title C.the title of it D.the title of that ‎10.I want to use the same dictionary ____________ was used yesterday.‎ A.which B.what C.like D.as ‎11.He is good at English，____________ we all know.‎ A.that B.as C.this D.what ‎12.I’ll never forget the days ____________ we spent together in the countryside.‎ A.when B.on which C.which D.in which ‎13.This is the best film ____________ I have ever seen.‎ A.that B.which C.now that D.if ‎14.He is the only one of the students ____________ from Shanghai.‎ A.who is B.who are C.they are D.that come ‎15.Mr Scott is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China.‎ A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working ‎16.I，who ____________ in America，feel proud of being a Chinese.‎ A.is B./ C.am D.being ‎17.The boy failed in the exam again，____________ made his parents disappointed.‎ A.that B.which C.it D.what ‎18.The doctors and nurses did ____________ they could to help the wounded.‎ A.all what B.all which C.everything what D.all that ‎19.He’ll never forget the people and the place ____________ she visited in Beijing last year. ‎ A.that B.which C.whom D.where ‎20.Do you know the reason ____________ he was late？‎ A.for what B.which C.for which D.that ‎1~5 ADABD 6~10 CACBD 11~15 BCAAC 16~20 CBDAC