高中英语必修2教案：Cultural relics-词汇讲解学案 5页

Cultural relics-词汇讲解学案 ‎1.rare 稀少的，罕见的；珍贵的；三分熟 辨析：‎ 易混词 辨析 例句 rare 通常指罕见而有价值的事物。‎ He replaced the rare vase with/ by a false one.‎ scare 主要指有用的一般事物，但目前数量不够。‎ Water is scare in the desert.‎ uncommon/unusual 指因不经常发生而值得注意的事物。‎ It’s no longer uncommon/unusual for a girl to take part in the games now.‎ ‎2.valuable adj.有很大价值的，贵重的，有用的；n.贵重物品 This is a valued gift though it is hardly valuable.主观上valued的东西，客观上不一定valuable。‎ ‎3.survive ‎(1)vi.继续生存或存在 e.g. Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.‎ ‎(2)vt.经历某遭遇后幸存；幸免于；从（困境等中）挺过来 He told me only a few soldiers had survived the war.在战争中幸存下来。（survive）‎ ‎(3)vt.比……长寿；比……活得长 e.g. The man survived his sister by three years.‎ ‎4.in search of…‎ 寻找……，在句中常作目的状语或表语。‎ search sth./sp./sb.搜查某物、某处、某人 search for/after寻找，探究 search…for…寻找……‎ search int调查，研究 search out搜查出，探出 search through把……仔细搜寻一遍 search的宾语是搜寻的范围，search for的宾语是搜寻的对象。‎ ‎5.amazing 辨析：‎ 易混词 辨析 例句 amaze ‎“惊愕”；含有惊叹；佩服之意。‎ Fare’s perfect voice amazed me.‎ surprise ‎“惊讶”“出乎意料”；是“吃惊”的普通用词。语气较弱。‎ It surprised me that you sang this song so well.‎ astonish ‎“使十分惊讶”“试大吃一惊”(=surprise sb. very much)，语气较强，含难以置信之意。‎ She astonished us by saying she was leaving.‎ shock I was shocked by what had 使“震惊”；多用来指重大的事情使人为之一震，有大为惊讶之意（=surprise sb. greatly），语气最强。‎ ‎ happened.‎ ‎6.select select sb./sth. as…选某人、某物作为…… select sb./sth. from…从……中选出某人、某物 selective 选择性的，有选择的 selected精选的（newly-selected）‎ 辨析：‎ 易混词 辨析 例句 select ‎“精选”；是指从同类事物中的许多东西中仔细辨别后选择，挑选最合适的。‎ I selected some exercises.‎ choose ‎“选择”。是“选择”的最普通的用词。‎ You can choose one from these chalks.‎ pick ‎“挑选”；挑剔和苛刻地选择，多指选有形的东西。‎ Will you help me pick some strawberries?‎ ‎7.desgin v. & n.‎ be designed to do…目的是做……‎ be designed for sb./sth.打算给某人用、打算作某物用 介词for常用于表示用途、对象等，后接名、代或V－ing be designed as sth.打算当作某物 design doing/to do…打算做……‎ make designs for…为……设计 ‎ by design故意地=by intention/on purpose have designs on…企图占有……；对……不怀好心 ‎8.fancy adj. vt. & n.‎ ‎(1)奇特的，花样的，花哨的 e.g. a fancy meal ‎(2)想象，揣测，假想 fancy + that clause以为…… fancy (one’s) doing sth.想象（某人）做某事 fancy sb. (to be)/as…认为某人（是）……‎ ‎(3)n.爱好，喜爱，迷恋 have a fancy that…感到，揣测…… have a fancy for…喜欢……‎ take a fancy to…变得喜欢 take/catch one’s fancy引起某人的喜欢 ‎(4)Fancy your talking like that!‎ fancy常用于表惊叹的句子，意为“没想到，竟然”‎ ‎9.decorate v.‎ ‎(1)装饰，装潢 decorate sth. with.（主动） 用…装饰… ‎ ‎ be decorated with sth.被用某物装饰 with表示所使用的工具或方式 eg:They docorate the Christmas tree with lights.‎ ‎ We see with our eyes and hear with our ears.‎ ‎ Write your names with a pen,not with a pencil.‎ ‎(2)粉刷；油漆；糊墙纸 ‎(3)点缀；装点 ‎(4)授给（某人）勋章或奖章 decorate sb. for sth.‎ ‎10.belong ‎(1)应在（某处）‎ e.g. Where do these cigarettes belong?‎ ‎(2)适应；合得来 e.g. He doesn’t feel as if he belongs here.‎ belong to ‎(1)属于某人，归某人所有 e.g. Who does this golden ring belong to?‎ ‎(2)（事件、比赛等中某人）获胜，最受欢迎 e.g. The film “the Message” belonged to the award ceremony.‎ ‎(3)是俱乐部；组织等的成员 ‎(4)属于 Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future____ to the well-educated.‎ A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged belong to既无被动形式，也不能用于进行时。to为介词，可跟名词或代词作宾语。‎ 可用于V-ing形式作后置定语 Eg:I don’t know any members belonging to that club.‎ ‎ Diao Yu Island,belonging to China,is off the north coast of Taiwan.‎ ‎11. in return 作为回报，回过来，单独作状语 Eg:I wish I could do something for you in return.‎ I gave him a present.In return,he gave me nothing.‎ He wanted nothing in return.‎ in return for…作为对某事的回报，作为对……的报答；为答谢……；作为……的交换 eg:I bougt him a drink in return for his help.‎ ‎12.consider ‎(1)仔细考虑，细想 consider + n./doing/wh- + to do/that-clause ‎(2)认为；以为；觉得 e.g. He considers it a great honor to give a speech during the meeting.‎ consider + that-clause/(to be/as) + n./adj./宾语+宾补 ‎(3)体谅，考虑到，顾及 You should consider other people before you act.应当考虑到别人（consider）‎ ‎(4)端详；注视 e.g. He stood there, considering the girl.‎ ‎13. at war介词 + 名词（表状态）‎ at peace at breakfast at table at rest at the piano ‎ on show on sale on fire in trouble in danger under discussion under construction ‎14.remove vt.‎ ‎(1)移走；移开；移动；搬开（+from/to）‎ e.g. I removed the box to another desk.‎ ‎(2)除掉，清楚 e.g. I removed the mud from my shoes.‎ ‎(3)脱下（衣服等）‎ e.g. I removed my glasses.‎ ‎(4)把……免职；撤去（+from）‎ e.g. He was removed from the post.‎ ‎15.less than 辨析：‎ 短语 符号 意义 less than ‎＜‎ 少于 not less than=at (the) least ‎≥‎ 不少于，至少 no less than ‎＝‎ 和……一样，不少于（强调多）‎ more than ‎＞‎ 多于；不仅仅 not more than=at (the) most ‎≤‎ 不多于，不超过，至多 no more than ‎＝‎ 仅仅（强调少）‎ ‎16. wooden adj.‎ ‎(1)木制的，木头的 ‎(2)木头似的；死板的；呆板的；木纳的 e.g. The act playing the father was too wooden.‎ ‎-en后缀 ‎(1)由……制成（构成的）；像……一样的（用在名词后构成形容词）‎ golden, woolen, earthen ‎(2)使；使成为；变得（用于形容词之后构成动词）‎ blacken, sadden, broaden, widen ‎17. doubt have (no) doubt(s) about sth.对某事（不）确信 have no doubt(s) that…相信……‎ have doubt(s) whether…怀疑（是否）……‎ There is no doubt about sth.对某事有把握 There is no doubt that…无疑……，that引导同位语从句。‎ in doubt不肯定的；不确定的 without doubt无疑地；确实地 make no doubt(of…)（对……）毫不怀疑 throw(cast) doubt on(upon)…使（某人）对……产生怀疑 doubt whether…怀疑……‎ doubt sth./sb.怀疑某事、某人 ‎18.worth ‎(1)adj.值得的；相当于……的价值的 e.g. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.‎ ‎ He gave out a suggestion which was not worth considering.不值得考虑的。（worth, consider）‎ a. worth后可接“钱数”或一些名词、动名词，接动名词时可用主动形式表被动意义。‎ b. worth不可用very修饰，可以用well。‎ ‎(2)n.价值；作用；重要性 辨析：‎ 易混词 辨析 例句 worth 指从精神、文化方面产生的价值。‎ The true worth of Shakespeare’s plays can’t be measured by their commercial value to the theater.‎ value 指认为某事、某物是否有用或有重要的价值。‎ 易混词 辨析 worth be worth + n./doing worthy 后常接of being done或to be done或sth.‎ worthwhile 常用结构为：It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth.‎ It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.‎ A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced ‎19. trial be on trial by trial and error stand trial trial run for sth.（对新事物的）初步试验，试行 ‎20. debate n. & v.‎ 辩论，讨论，争论 under debate a heat/wide-ranging/lively debate debate sth. with sb.‎ debate后不接从句，可接疑问词加不定式结构。‎