安徽省阜阳市2018-2019学年高二下学期期末考前测试英语试卷 10页

英语试卷 ‎ 考试时间:120分钟 分值：150分 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共70分）‎ 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 ‎（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A A smooth sea never made a skilled mariner.‎ ‎“Don't worry if you have problems!” It is easy to say until you are in the midst of a really big one. The only people who don't have troubles are gathered in little neighborhoods. Most communities have at least one. We call them cemeteries. If you're breathing, you have difficulties. It's the way of life. And believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you! Let me explain. ‎ Maybe you have heard the Great Barrier Reef, stretching some 1,800 miles from New Guinea to Australia. Tour guides regularly take visitors to view the reef. ‎ On one tour, a traveler asked the guide an interesting question. "I notice that the lagoon (泻湖) side of the reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is vibrant and colorful," the traveler observed. Why is this?‎ The guide gave an interesting answer, "The coral around the lagoon side is in still water, with no challenge for its survival. It dies early. The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves and storms. It has to fight for its survival every day. As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces." ‎ Then he added, “That's the way it is with every living organism.”‎ That's how it is with people. Challenged and tested, we come alive! Like coral pounded by the sea, we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce tough-mindedness and resiliency. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness. So, you have problems? No problem! Just tell yourself, "There I grow again!" ‎ Remember: A smooth sea never made a skilled mariner.‎ ‎1. Who has no problems according to the passage?‎ A. The persons who are very famous.  ‎ B. The persons who have much money.‎ C. The persons who have been born.  ‎ D. The persons who are living in the cemeteries. ‎ ‎2. In the writer's opinion, ________.‎ A. problems bring us much trouble B. problems have two sides, good or bad C. we should try to stay away from any trouble D. the fewer things we do, the less trouble we'll meet ‎3. The reason why lagoon side of the reef has no life is _______.‎ A. it hasn't got any sunlight  ‎ B. it has less energy than others C. it has no work to do every day D. it never faces any challenge and tests  ‎ ‎4. After reading this passage, we should ________.‎ A. regard any problem as challenge  ‎ B. learn from the lagoon side ‎ C. worry your problem  ‎ D. enter into cemeteries B The drug store was closing for the night. Young Alfred Higgins, the shop-assistant, was ready to go home. Mr. Carr, the boss, stared at him and said: “Hold on, Alfred. Maybe you'd be good enough to take the things out of your pockets and leave them here before you go.” Alfred's face got red. After a little hesitation, he took out what he had stolen. Mr. Carr said, “Maybe I should call your mother and let her know I'm going to have to put you in prison.”‎ Alfred thought his mother would come rushing in, eyes burning with anger. But, to his surprise, she arrived wearing a smile. “Hello, I'm Alfred's mother. Is he in trouble?” she said. Mr. Carr was surprised, too. He had expected Alfred's mother to come in nervously, shaking with fear, asking with wet eyes for a mercy for her son. But no, she was most calm, quiet and pleasant and was making Mr. Carr feel guilty…. Soon Mr. Carr was shaking his head in agreement with what she was saying. “Of course”, he said, “I don't want to be cruel. You are right. Sometimes, a little good advice is the best thing for a boy at certain times in his life and it often takes the youths long time to get sense into their heads.” And he warmly shook Mrs. Higgins's hand. ‎ Back home, without even looking at Alfred, she said, “You are a bad luck. It is one thing after another, always has been. Why do you stand there so stupidly? Go to bed.” In his bedroom, Alfred heard his mother in the kitchen. There was no shame in him, just pride in his mother's strength. He felt he must tell her how great she was. As he got to the kitchen, he saw his mother drinking a cup of tea. He was shocked by what he saw. His mother's face was a frightened, broken one. It was not the same cool, bright face he saw earlier in the drug store. As she lifted the tea cup, her hand shook. And some of the tea splashed on the table. Her lips moved nervously. She looked very old. He watched his mother without making a sound. The picture of his mother made him want to cry. He felt his youth coming to an end. He saw all the troubles he brought his mother in her shaking hand and the deep lines of worry in her grey face. It seemed to him for the first time he had ever really seen his mother.‎ ‎5. Which of the following is probably said by Mrs. Higgins while talking to Mr. Carr?‎ A. “Please, for God's sake, you know, he is just a kid.”‎ B. “I can't believe it! You are treating my son like that!”‎ C. “You know, it takes time for a youth to truly grow up.”‎ D. “Punishment makes sense because it teaches about the law.”‎ ‎6. What does the underlined phrase "his mother's strength"(Para. 3) refer to?‎ A. Mrs. Higgins's calmness and communicating skills.‎ B. Mrs. Higgins's attitude towards parental sufferings.‎ C. Mrs. Higgins's love and care for her son Alfred.‎ D. Mrs. Higgins's greatness as a woman.‎ ‎7. After the incident, young Alfred would probably ________.‎ A. feel ashamed of her mother ‎ B. change his attitudes towards life C. learn to live an independent life ‎ D. hate Mr. Carr for hurting her mother C Facebook is the world’s biggest social networking site. People are being tricked into Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up loads of personal information. ‎ Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.‎ The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook. You could create your own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things; your city, your photo, your friends’ names were set, by default (默认)to be shared with everyone on the Internet.‎ According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information. They have a “less satisfying experience.‎ Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them. At the side of the pages totally, who wants to took at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends? ‎ The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits. ‎ I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning，which is why I’m considering cancelling my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay.‎ ‎8. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?‎ A. It is a website that sends messages to users who want to get married.　‎ B. It earns money by putting on advertisements.‎ C. It makes money by selling its users’ personal data.‎ D. It provides loads of information to its users.‎ ‎9. What does the author say about most Facebook users?‎ A. They are unwilling to give up their personal information.‎ B. They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook.‎ C. They don’t identify themselves when using the website.‎ D. They care very little about their personal information.‎ ‎10. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?‎ A. To provide better service to its users.‎ B. To obey the Federal guidelines.‎ C. To improve its users’ connection D. To expand its business.‎ ‎11. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?‎ A. He is dissatisfied with its present service.‎ B. He finds many of its users untrustworthy.‎ C. He doesn’t want his personal data badly used.‎ D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.‎ ‎ D ‎ BELJLNG — Eating at a Beijing restaurant is usually an adventure for foreigners, and particularly when they get the chance to order “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head”.‎ Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes. And their complaints are often valid, but such an experience at Beijing’s restaurants will apparently soon be history.‎ Foreign visitors will no longer, hopefully, be confused by oddly worded restaurant menus in the capital if the government’s plan to correctly translate 3,000 Chinese dishes is a success and the translations are generally adopted.‎ The municipal（市政）office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations. It provides the names of main dishes of famous Chinese cuisines in plain English, “an official with the city’s Foreign Affairs office said .” Restaurants are encouraged to use the proposed translations, but it will not be compulsory .“ It’s the city’s latest effort to bridge the culture gap for foreign travelers in China.‎ Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task, as some Chinese culinary（烹饪的）techniques are untranslatable and many Chinese dishes have no English-language equivalent. The translators, after conducting a study of Chinese restaurants in English-speaking countries, divided the dish names into four categories: ingredients, cooking method, taste and name of a person or a place. For some traditional dishes, pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system, is used, such as mapo tofu (previously often literally translated as “beancurd made by woman with freckles”), baozi (steamed stuffed bun ) and jiaozi (dumplings) to “reflect the Chinese cuisine culture,” according to the book.‎ ‎“The book is a blessing to tourist guides like me. Having it, I don’t have to rack my brains trying to explain Chinese dishes to foreign travellers,” said Zheng Xiaodong, a 31- year – old employee with a Beijing-based travel agency.‎ ‎“I will buy the book as I major in English literature and I’d like to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to more foreign friends,” said Han Yang, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics.‎ It is not clear if the book will be introduced to other parts of China. But on Tuesday, this was the most discussed topic on weibo.com, China’s most popular microblogging site.‎ ‎12. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A. An adventure for foreigners who eat in Beijing.‎ ‎ B. Confusing mistranslations of Chinese dishes ‎ C. The effort to bridge the culture gap D. Chinese dishes to have “official” English names ‎13. “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head” are mentioned in the beginning of ‎ the passage to show__________.‎ ‎ A. some Chinese dishes are mistranslated B. some Chinese dishes are not well received ‎ C. some Chinese dishes are hard to translate ‎ D. some Chinese dishes are not acceptable ‎14. What measure has the municipal office taken?‎ ‎ A. Recommending a book on Chinese dishes ‎ B. Advocating using precise translation for Chinese dishes ‎ C. Publishing a book on China’s dietary habits ‎ D. Providing the names of main Chinese dishes ‎15. What’s the attitude of most people to the book according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. not clear B. excited C. favorable D. divided 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5500 years ago. 16 In fact, nearly everyone live on farms or in tiny rural villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history 一 a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. ‎ Britain was only the beginning. 17 The process of urbanization — the migration of people from the countryside to the city — was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.‎ ‎ In 1900, fewer than 40％ of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82％ of Americans live in cities. Only about 2％ live on farms. 18 ‎ Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 19 ‎ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmer and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.‎ Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 20 Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.‎ A. That kept cities very small.‎ B. The rest live in small towns.‎ C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.‎ D. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.‎ E. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.‎ ‎ F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.‎ G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用 第一节 完形填空 (共20小题，每小题.1.5分, 满分30分) ‎ 阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Leap to Honor Leaping on a narrow balance beam（平衡木）is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. ‎ To perfect her skills, Lola 21 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. ‎ That’s especially impressive, 22 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift（移动） constantly. She often sees double and can’t 23 how far away things are. ‎ When she was little, her mom 24 that even though she couldn’t see 25, she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the 26 right away and gymnastics became her favorite. ‎ Though learning gymnastics has been more 27 for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesn’t let her 28 stop her from doing anything that she wants to. ‎ She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 29 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 30 your mind that it’ll take you where you want to go.” says Lola.‎ To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 31 for anyone because it’s four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didn’t fall 32 the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10—her highest score yet. ‎ Lola doesn’t want to be 33 differently from the other girls on her team. At competitions, the judges don’t know about her vision 34 . She doesn’t tell them, because she doesn’t think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 35 attitude. ‎ Lola never thinks about 36. She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 37 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she’s learned to other kids 38 she grows up. ‎ Lola is 39 of all her hard work and success. She says it’s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics too. Her 40 for others is “just believe in yourself”.‎ ‎21. A. runs B. teaches C. trains D. dances ‎ ‎22. A. since B. unless C. after D. though ‎ ‎23. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict ‎ ‎24. A. suspected B remembered C. imagined D. noticed ‎ ‎25. A. deeply B. well C. ahead D. closely ‎ ‎26. A. task B. sport C. event D. show ‎ ‎27. A. boring B. enjoyable C. difficult D. satisfactory ‎ ‎28. A. talent B. quality C. nature D. condition ‎ ‎29. A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. progress ‎ ‎30. A. examine B. express C. open D. trust ‎ ‎31. A. fearful B. harmful C. unfair D. inconvenient ‎ ‎32. A. to B. on C. off D. against ‎ ‎33. A. greeted B. treated C. served D. paid ‎ ‎34. A. pains B. stresses C. injuries D. problems ‎ ‎35. A. positive B. friendly C. flexible D. cautious ‎ ‎36. A. defending B. quitting C. winning D. bargaining ‎ ‎37. A. standard B. range C. view D. goal ‎ ‎38. A. until B. as C. when D. before ‎ ‎39. A. proud B. tired C. ashamed D. confident ‎ ‎40. A. plan B. advice C. reward D. responsibility ‎ 第II 卷（非选择题，共80分）‎ 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Recently a new science behind incentives(激励), _41___ (include) in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children __42__ (do) better in school. ___43 _ some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in _44___, the incentives _ _45 (base) on output, like results on exams. His main __46__ (find) was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be 47____ (effect) because students do not know how to do better on an exam, apart from general rules like “study harder”. Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over 48___ they have much more control. ‎ As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have 49___ much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again _50_ you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.‎ 第三节 根据所给单词的适当形式填空 (每小题1.5分 满分30分)‎ ‎51. His ________(apply) to the court for bail has been refused.‎ ‎52. We should like to offer our __________(apologize) for the delay to your flight today.‎ ‎53. He was _________(punish)for refusing to answer their questions.‎ ‎54. Looking at the crowds out shopping , you could be ___________(forgive) for thinking that everyone has plenty of money.‎ ‎55. He was charged with __________(possess) a shotgun without a licence.‎ ‎56. He moved away ___________(invisible) into the background.‎ ‎57. I didn’t ______________(hesitation) for a moment about taking the job.‎ ‎58. It was very__________(consider) of him to wait.‎ ‎59. She is one of life’s great _____________(survive).‎ ‎60. Her husband was a _________(violence) man.‎ ‎61. I have made a few ____________(adjust) to the design.‎ ‎62. Tokyo and New York are major _____________(finance)centres.‎ ‎63. He answered the questions ______________(confidence).‎ ‎64. The designers have _____________(sacrifice) speed for fuel economy.‎ ‎65. The job involves gathering and _____________(analyse) data.‎ ‎66. We should spend the money on something that will __________(beneficial) everyone.‎ ‎67. The trial is ____________(predict) to last for months.‎ ‎68. I’m just __________(relief) that nobody was hurt.‎ ‎69. We were taught how to __________(criticism)poems.‎ ‎70. I hope I’m not ____________(interrupt) you.‎ 第三部分：写作(共两节, 满分35分) ‎ 第一节 ‎：短文改错 (共10分;每小题1分,满分10分) ‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2、只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。‎ In the end of the last class, a boy stood up and asked the teacher, “Sir, what is the real meaning of life?” We couldn’t help bursting out laughter, for this seemed to be such a silly question at that moment. But the teacher made us to calm down in a formal voice. He said, “All right, I will tell you something about that.” Then he took out a small mirror from one of his pockets and held them towards the window. The sun was shining brightly outside and there was a tiny but light spot on the back wall. He then move the piece of mirror to make it reflect the sunshine to the boy and to every curious face in the whole classroom. We all suddenly felt very warm and energy and the whole classroom was lit up. The teacher said, “Most of us are great enough like the sun to give off brightness and warm to the world. But we can be a ordinary mirror. That is to say, we can reflect the sunshine to the very corner where the sun never shines. And that is exactly that the real meaning of life is.”‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎ 近一段时间我国多个地方出现雾霾天气，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。因此你想以此为话题，写一篇通讯稿。应包括以下要点：‎ ‎1. 对生活造成的影响；‎ ‎ 2. 建议采取的措施 ‎ ‎ 要求：1. 词数 120词左右； ‎ ‎ 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ ‎ 参考词汇：雾霾haze 雾霾天气hazy weather Recently hazy weather has occurred in many areas of China.‎ ‎ 高二英语答案 阅读理解 ‎1-DBDA 5-CAB 8-CBAC 12-DABC ‎ ‎16-DEBAF 完型填空 ‎ ‎21-CAADB 26-BCDCD 31-ACBDA 36-BDCAB 语法填空（每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎41. including 42. to do 43. In 44. others 45. were based ‎46. finding 47. more effective 48. which 49. a 50. If 单词 ‎51.application 52.apologies 53.punished 54.forgiven 55.possessing 56.invisibly ‎57.hesitate 58.considerate 59.survivors 60.violent 61.adjustments 62.financial ‎63.confidently 64.sacrificed 65.analysing 66.benefit 67.predicted 68.relieved ‎69.criticize 70.interrupting ‎ 短文改错 In 改为At, laughter改为laughing或out 改为into ， to去掉 ， them改为 it ， move改为moved ，energy改为 energetic，are后加not， warm改为 warmth, ‎ ‎ a 改为 an, that 改为 what ‎ 作文 One possible student version:‎ Recently hazy weather has occurred in many areas of China，which has great harm to our daily life. And it has become a growing concern throughout the country.‎ ‎ It’s obvious that hazy weather has many negative effects. First of all, people’s health is threatened and some of them even suffer from diseases such as coughing. In addition, more traffic jams and more accidents arise from it, which in turn disturbs people’s normal life. ‎ ‎ Faced with this situation, we are supposed to raise the awareness of environmental protection. Not only should we stop sending out harmful gases, but more energy should be saved in our daily life. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to planting trees. Only when we take effective measures, will our environment make a difference.‎