高考英语语法精讲精练-动词的时态和语态 49页

2012 届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解 动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出 四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主 要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。 英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表： 时态名称 构 成 一般现在时 do/does,（连系动词 is/am/are） 一般过去时 did,（连系动词 was/were） 一般将来时 will/shall do is/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do 现在进行时 is/am/are doing 过去进行时 was/were doing 将来进行时 will be doing 现在完成时 has/have done 过去完成时 had done 将来完成时 will/shall have done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 过去将来时 would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do （一）一般现在时 1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other. 2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时； The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午 10 点起飞。 2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由 if 引导的条件状语从 句中有时可以用 shall 或 will 表“意愿”，不表示时态； I’ll go there after I finish my work. If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 3.以 here, there 开头的句子里，go, come 等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 （二）一般过去时 1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态 He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。 2.表达过去发生的动作 We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。 1.有些动词如：think, want, plan 等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为，原来想， 原计划”。 I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的，但是事实 并非如此。 2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时 Hello, I _______you were in London. How long _________here? A. don’t know; were you B. hadn’t known; are you C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; have you been 【解析】非常容易误选 B。其实答案为 D，因为“didn’t know” 强调的是见面前不知道， 即指过去不知道。 （三）一般将来时 1.表示将来的动作和存在的状态 The first time we’ll send you with an experienced reporter.第一次我们要派有经验的记者陪 同你一起去。 2.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作 Oil will float on water.油会浮在水面上。 Crops will die without water.没有水庄稼会死亡 一般将来时几种特殊表达形式的区别 1.be going to：表示打算做某事或有迹象表明即将发生某事 I am going to visit my friend in hospital.我将去看望住在医院的朋友。 It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好象要下雨了。 2.be about to：表示即时的将来。一般不与时间状语连用 Now ladies and gentleman, you’re about to hear the most incredible tale. 女士们，先生们，你们马上就要听到一个难以置信的故事。 3.be to：可用来表示计划、安排（通常是正式的安排）；指令；（表示可能）会做……，可 能；必定会发生或已发生了某事；发布命令或告之规则 Their daughter is to get married soon.他们的女儿可能不久就要结婚了。 （四）现在进行时 1.表示现在正在进行的动作； It is raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.现在正下着大雨，因此我们必须呆在家里。 2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作； My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。 现在进行时与 always, often 等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩 Why are always forgetting his name?为啥你总是记他的名字呢？ （五）过去进行时 1.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作 My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。 2.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示） He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.昨天一整天他都在准备他的演讲。 3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生 I was writing while he was watching TV. 我在写东西而他在看电视。 4.表示过去将来动作 He said she was arriving the next.day.他说他将在第二天到达。 考生有时用现在完成时或用一般过去时代替过去进行时。 ①—Hey, look where you are going! —Oh, I’m terribly sorry._______. A. I’m not noticing. B. I wasn’t noticing. C. I haven’t noticed. D. I don’t notice. 【解析】非常容易误选 C。其实答案为 B。因为对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯 对方时正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时。 ②He ______a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he _____it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 【解析】非常容易误选 A。其实答案为 B。从“I don’t know if he has finished it”推断， 他去年一直在写，应该用过去进行时。 （六）将来进行时 1.表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语 When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.他明天来我家的时候，我将 正在写报告。 2.表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来 I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning. 我想她做这个实验将会一直做到明天早上。 3.表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测 Stop the child or he will be falling over.拦住那孩子，不然他会摔下去的。 将来进行时和一般将来时的区别 1.一般将来时不仅表示“将来”，还含有“意志、意愿”等的意思 I’ll try my best to hard work at English.我将尽全力努力学习英语。（含意愿的意思） I’ll be studying English next term.下学期我将学习英语。（表示单纯的将来） 2.跟一般将来时连用的时间状语比较模糊，而跟进来进行时连用的时间状语非常具体 I’ll write a letter to my father tomorrow.我明天要给父亲写信。 I’ll be writing a letter to my father this time tomorrow.明天这个时候，我会给父亲写信的。 （七）现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，说话时已完成的动作。 I have finished the report. 我已经完成了这个报告。 She has cleaned the room.她已经打扫干净了这个房间。 1.表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时 间状语连用。 He has learned English for six years.他学英语已经六年了。 They have worked here since they left college.他们大学毕业以后就在这里工作。 2.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回 来）”用“have/has gone to”。 —Where is Li Hua?—李华在哪里？ －He has gone to the reading-room.—他去阅览室了。 —She knows a lot about Shanghai.—关于上海，她懂很多。 －She has been there.—她去过那里。 短 暂 动 词 （ 即 瞬 间 动 词 ） ， 如 ： join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin, start, break out 等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 要翻译“他已参军已经三年了”。不能说：He has joined the army for three years.而要用以 下三种方法： ①“ago 法”：He joined the army three years ago. ②“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years. ③“since 法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army. （八）过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 He had shut the door before the dog came up.在那狗走过来之前，他已将门关上了。 Everything had been all right up till this morning.直到今天上午为止，一切都正常。 1.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续 下去。 At the age of ten, he had learned 500 English words.十岁的时候，他已经学了 500 个英语单词 了。 He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.我们知道的时候，他已经病了一个星期 了。 2.常用 hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose 等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、 打算或意图。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match.我们本期望你能赢得这场比赛的。 （九）将来完成时 用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和 by 短语，when, before 引起的时间状 语连用。 We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term. 到这学期结束时为止，我们将会完成高中第二册书。 1.在时间、条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时来表示将来某一时刻以前已完 成的动作 Tell me what you think about the film when you have seen it. 你看完这部电影之后告诉我你对它的意见。 2.与 by the end of 引导的时间状语从句连用时要看“of”后面的名词所表示的时间概念来 决定是用将来完成时还是用过去完成时。 We will have learned 2000 English words by the end of this term. 到这学期结束时为止，我们将学会 2000 英语单词。 We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term. 到这学期结束时为止，我们将学会 2000 英语单词。 （十）现在完成进行时 用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（还要继续下去）的动作。 He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.8 点以来，他一直在做这些数学题。 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较 1.现在完成时着重表示动作的结果 I have read that book.我读过那本书了。（知道那本书的内容） 2.着重表示过去发生的动作持续到现在还将继续下去 —Hi,Tracy,you look tired. —I am tired.I_______ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 【解析】答案为 C。强调动作从过去到现在的延续，可能还将继续下去。 （十一）过去将来时 相对于过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。 I was told that he was going to return home.有人告诉我他准备回家。 would do(表示过去的习惯)总是，总会，常常。 He would sit silent for hours.他常常接连好几个小时默默地坐着。 （一）被动语态的构成形式 被动语态 构 成 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时 shall/will be done 过去将来时 should/would be done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 将来完成时 will/would have been done 含有情态动词的 can/must/may be done （二）被动语态使用注意点 1.主动表示被动的几种情况 ①不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词有：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash 等。 This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 These books sell well.这些书好卖。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。 Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。 The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 ②一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动 look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out 等。 The apples taste good.这些苹果尝起来味道不错。 The flower smells wonderful.这花闻起来很不错。 The news proved/turned out true.这消息后来证明时真的。 Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很软。 ③主语+need/want/require 表示需要被……的时候，常用动名词的主动式表示被动或用不 定式的被动式。（参看第八讲非谓语动词） The car needs repairing.=The car needs to be repaired.这车需要修理。 ④be worth doing 表示某事值得去做。（参看第八讲非谓语动词） The Great Wall is worth visiting.长城值得一游。 2.常见没有被动语态的动词（短语） leave,enter,reach,become,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,b elong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, lose heart The Second World War broke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于 1939 年。 Our class consists of 50 students.我们班由 50 个学生组成。 3.常用被动语态的固定句型 It is believed/said /reported/hoped/supposed that…据信/据说/据报道/人们希望/人们认 为…… It must be pointed out that…必须指出…… It is generally considered that…一般认为…… It is well known that…大家都知道…… It must be admitted that…必须承认…… 对一般现在时的考查 ①As you can see, the number of cars on our roads rising these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping 【解析】答案为 C。为一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；也表示说话 者的态度、能力或自然现象等等。根据 as you can see 这个从句中用的一般现在时， 可判断出主句要用现在时态，keep doing 表示“一直在做某事”。主语是 the number of cars 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②The father as well as children every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going 【解析】答案为 C。这个句子的主语是 the father 所以其谓语动词要用单数形式。再根据 时间状语 every Sunday afternoon in winter 可判断出要用一般现在时，表示经常 性的动作。as well as his children 在句子中作状语。 ③This machine _______. It hasn’t worked for years. A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working 【解析】答案为 C。“这台机器不工作（坏了）”，表示现在的一个状态，用一般现在时。 ④Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ___ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 【解析】答案为 B。本题的干扰源为上下文的过去时，但“被称为太平洋”是客观现状，只 能用一般现在时。 ⑤Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 __off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 【解析】答案为 A。飞机起飞时间一般是固定时间，每次都在这个时间开。所以要用一般 现在时。 ⑥—What would you do if it tomorrow? —We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 【解析】答案为 B。在条件状语从句（if, as long as, even if）中往往用一般现在时表示将 来。 ⑦Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _______home. A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write 【解析】答案为 D。时间状语从句（when, until, before, the moment…）中往往用一般现 在时表示将来。 对现在进行时的考查 ①—Have you got any job offers? —No. I________. A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting 【解析】答案为 D。句意：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我在等呢。”用现在进行时 态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 ②Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane________. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 【解析】答案为 B。现在进行时可用来表示按计划或安排要进行的动作，常与表示将来的 时间状语连用。这种用法比较生动，给人一种期待感。根据所提供的情景“Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts.”可判断出飞机马上要起飞了。 ③Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing.People_____to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 【解析】答案为 D。句意：自从我赢了大奖，人们不停地打电话来问我将怎样使用这笔钱。 此处的 are phoning 表示“不停的打电话”。 对现在完成时的考查 ①—Do you think we should accept that offer? —Yes, we should, for we _______such bad luck up till now, and time out. A. have had; is running B. had; is running C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run ②Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved 【解析】答案为 B。现在完成时表示过去发生的事对现在造成的结果，表示动作已经完成。 根据所提供的情景 what worries us is that some of them are returning 可判断出一 些危险的疾病已经得到了控制，但有一些疾病又开始传播。 ③Danny hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. worked 【解析】答案为 C。根据后问 now he is popular 可知本题强调过去的动作对现在的影响， 用现在完成时。 ④So far this year we ________a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 【解析】答案为 D。习语 so far 的意思是“到目前为止”,刚好与现在完成时的持续性用法 （从过去持续到现在的一段时间）相吻合，所以通常要连用现在完成时。 ⑤—______ you ______ him around the museum yet? —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 【解析】答案为 A。题意为“你有没有带他参观过博物馆？是的，我们在那里过得很开心”， 根据答语可判断强调结果对现在的影响。 对现在完成进行时的考查 ①—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. —I think so. He ________for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 【解析】答案为 D。由句中“for months”与“will”可知，“prepare”的动作应发生在过去而 且到目前还在继续，故用现在完成进行时。 ②—I have got a headache. —No wonder. You in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 【解析】答案为 C。句意：你在电脑前工作的时间太长。动作从过去开始。一直延续到现 在，可能还会延续下去，所以应用现在完成进行时。 ③I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ______on it for more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked 【解析】答案为 A。根据后面“for more than an hour”可知动作持续一段时间而且一直在 进行，until 表明这是一个时间状语从句，句中用现在完成进行时表示将来完成进 行。句意：直到这个学生做这道数学题做了一个多小时以后，我才会告诉他答案。 对一般过去时的考查 ①He _______football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing C. has played D. had played 【解析】答案为 B。由句中“regularly”和“when he was young”可知是过去某段时间内经常 性、习惯性的动作，故用一般过去时。 ②T Judy is going to marry the sailor she ________in Rome last year. A. meets C. has met D. would meet 【解析】答案为 B。“遇见”的动作发生在“last year”，故用一般过去时。 ③The play had already been on for quite some time when we _________at the New Theatre. A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. arrive 【解析】答案为 B。根据前面是过去完成时可知后面应该是一般过去时。两个动作发生的 时间有先后。 对过去进行时的考查 ①I called Hannah many times yesterday evening，but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ________on the phone all the time! A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked 【解析】答案为 A。句意：昨天晚上我给汉娜打过很多次电话，就是打不通。她的哥哥一 直在电话上说个不停。此处用过去进行时态表示过去某一时间段内一直在进行的 动作。 ②The telephone ________ A. had rung C. rings D. has rung 【解析】答案为 B。由句意“电话响着，但我进入室内时停了。”可知，该题表达的时间 与过去有关，而与现在无关。由此，排除 C、D 两项。而如果选 A 项，则与后面 “it stopped”在逻辑上存在错误。 ③I along the street looking for a place to park when the accident . A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred 【解析】答案为 C。occur 动作在 go along“沿着（街）走”动作进行中发生的，所以主 句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。句中的“when”表示“这时”是解题的关键。 句意：我正沿街走着，想找一个地方泊车，这时，事故发生了。 ④—It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. —Oh, don’t mention it. I _____past your house anyway.（2007 北京卷） A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come 【解析】答案为 A。根据题干：“搭车回家”是已经发生的事，排除 B 和 D 项。根据句意 “不管怎么说，我反正要路过你家”故选 was coming 表示过去将要。 对过去完成时的考查 ①The moment I got home, I found I ________my jacket on the A. had left C. have left D. was leaving 【解析】答案为 A。“found”为一般过去时态，而“leave”发生在“find”之前，故“leave”须 用过去完成时态。 ②—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? —Yes, he did. He ________ his old friends for a long time. A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen 【解析】答案为 D。在昨天以前就已经好长时间没看过老朋友了，所以用过去完成时。 ③They became friends again that day. Until then, they _______to each other for nearly two years. A. didn’t speak B. hadn’t spoken C. haven’t spoken D. haven’t been speaking 【解析】答案为 B。考虑到上文所用的时态 became friends again that day 和后面的时间状 语 for nearly two years 可知本题答案是 B“过去的过去”，即：过去完成时。本题 的意思是：在他们重新成为朋友之时，他们已经两年未说话了。 ④John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he for the wedding. A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned 【解析】答案为 D。根据句意可判断出计划花多少钱发生在实际花多少钱之前，所以要用 过去完成时。 对一般将来时的考查 ①—_________leave at the end of this month. —I don’t think you should do that until ______another job. A. I’m going to; you’d found B. I’m going to; you’ve found C. I’ll; you’ll find D. I’ll; you’d find 【解析】答案为 B。时间状语 at the end of this month 表示将来，所以要用一般将来时， 表示将来要发生的事。时间状语从句用现在完成时代替将来完成时表示动作将来 已经完成，表示直到找到工作才能离开。 ②—What are you going to do this afternoon? —I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film ______quite early, so we _______to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finished; are going D. finishes; go 【解析】答案为 C。上文与下文前一句均为一般将来时，说明电影未开始，故 A、B 两项 排除。“到书店”是在看电影之后，更应用将来时态，故 D 的第二空错误。 ③Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane________. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 【解析】答案为 B。现在进行时可用来表示按计划或安排要进行的动作，常与表示将来的 时间状语连用。这种用法比较生动，给人一种期待感。根据所提供的情景“Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts.”可判断出飞机马上就要起飞了。 ④—Are you still busy? —Yes, I _________my work, and it won’t take long. A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish 【解析】答案为 B。用进行时态来表示动作即将完成，以示“正忙”。此题易误选 D，be going to do 表示“打算做……”。 对将来完成时的考查 By the time Jane gets home, her aunt for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 【解析】答案为 C。by 后接表示将来的时间状语要与将来完成时连用。 对过去将来时的考查 ①—Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? —I ______,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t 【解析】答案为 C。was going to 表示“本打算去而未去成”。 ②In a room above the store, where a party ________,some workers were busily setting the table. A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held 【解析】答案为 A。be to do sth 意为“将做某事”，表示按计划或安排做某事。根据所提 供的情景“some workers were busily setting the table”可判断出要用过去将来时， 表示过去的某个时候将要发生的事。 对进来进行时的考查 ①—Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you? —Why that early? I ______ . A. will be sleeping B. have slept C. have been sleeping D. will sleep 【解析】答案为 A。 根据上文的表示将来的具体时间“at six tomorrow morning”应该用 进来进行时。 ②—Could you meet me at the airport? —I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return. A. will have attended B. was attending C. am attending D. will be attending 【解析】答案为 D。你返回的那个时候，我将在参加一个重要会议。 对于各种时态的被动语态形式的考查，解题时都可以分两步进行：一是根据上下文或 所给时间判断时态；二是根据该动词与主语之间的关系判断语态。 ①I like these English songs and they _______many times on the radio. A. taught C. are taught D. have been taught 【解析】答案为 D。句意：我喜欢这些英语歌曲，它们在收音机里已经被教过多次了。此 处用现在完成时态表示结果，且应该用被动形式。 ②I got caught in the rain and my suit________. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 【解析】答案为根据句意，首先应断定是被动语态，即“衣服被毁”；再根据动作发生的 时间顺序，即“先遇上雨，后衣服被毁”，故选 has been ruined。如果选 D 的话， 则表示“衣服先被毁，后遇上雨”，很明显逻辑上不对。 ③If Newton lived today, he would be surprise by what _________in science and technology. A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has discovered D. has been discovered 【解析】答案为 D。理解句子的意思可知，前面的过去时是虚拟语气现象所导致，所以不 影响宾语从句的时态。后面的意思显然是：迄今为止在科技上的发现。所以用现 在完成时态。 ④—What’s that noise? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ________. A. was tested C. is being tested D. has been tested 【解析】答案为 C。根据上文的问话“What’s that noise?”说明回话应该是“机器正在被检测” 所发出的噪声，故选 C 项。 ⑤—I don’t suppose the police know who did it. —Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ______now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned 【解析】答案为 B。根据时间状语 now 可判断出用现在进行时，表示正在发生的动作或存 在的状态。a man 是 question 的动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态，表示正在被 审讯。 ⑥He ________as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. A. regarded C. has regarded D. had been regarded 【解析】答案为 B。首先可以判断是被动语态，排除 A、C 选项。根据句意义“他因为在 奥林匹克里获得了金牌而被认为是国家的英雄。”是“过去”发生而不是“过去的过 去”所发生的事，故选 B 项。 ⑦When he turned professional at the age of 11,Mike_____to become a world champion by his coach and parents. A. expected B. was expecting C. was expected D. would be expected 【解析】答案为 C。前面的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时，所以主句也要用过去时态。 （教练和父母期望 Mike 成为一名世界冠军，即他被期望），Mike 作主语要用被 动语态。 ⑧At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement_______. A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached 【解析】答案为 B。句意：在会议结束时，一项协议被宣布已达成。达成协议表达为“reach ／come to／arrive at an agreement”。而协议已被达成应该用被动语态，不知这 一点容易误选 D；而协议是在宣布之前已经达成，应用过去完成时态，不注意就 会误选 A。 ⑨In a room above the store, where a party _______,some workers were busily setting the table. A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held 【解析】答案为 A。be to do sth 意为“将做某事”，表示按计划或安排做某事。a party 是 hold 动作承受者，所以要用被动语态。再根据所提供的情景 some workers were busily setting the table 可判断出要用过去时态，表示过去的某个时候将要发生的 事。句意：在商场楼上的房间里，一些工作正忙着摆放桌子，在那里将要举办一 个聚会。 ⑩—Your job ______ open for your return. —Thanks. A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept 【解析】答案为 A。一般将来时表示将要发生的事。keep 是延续性动词，用一般将来时表 示将一直持续下去。表示在回来前工作一直被保留着。keep 与 your job 是动宾关 系，所以要用被动语态。 不及物动没有被动语态 Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ________ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed 【解析】答案为 B。stay 是系动词不能用被动语态,故排除 A；系 动词一般不用于进行时(feel 除外),故排除 C；stay 为非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,故排除 D。 句意：你为什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢？那样会保质好几天。 2009 年 1.(全国卷 I)His sister left home in 1998, and since. A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of 【答案】B 【解析】根据下句“她妹妹从 1998 年到现一直没有音信（被听说过）”来判断，此处应 该用现在完成时态。句意：他的姐姐 1998 年离家，到目前没有人听到过她的消 息。主语是他的姐姐，应用被动语态，又是到目前为止，所以应选择 B。 2. (全国卷 I)Edward, you play so well. But I you played the piano. A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known C. don’t know D. haven’t known 【答案】A 【解析】句意：爱德华，你钢琴弹得真好。可是我以前不知道你弹钢琴。“不知道”是过 去的事情。故选择 A 项。 3. (全国卷 II)Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 【答案】C 【解析】根据 so far 这个时间状语可知应该使用现在完成时。 4.（北京卷） Scientists have many theories about how the universe ___ into being. A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come 【答案】A 【解析】宇宙是如何形成的，因为宇宙的形成这个动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时来 表示已经发生的动作。 5.（北京卷）The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 【答案】B 【解析】The guests 与 treat 之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时 的被动形式。 6.（北京卷）When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ___ up, her voice had been full of life. A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang 【答案】C 【解析】by the time 后的从句中多用一般现在时和一般过去时根据该题的语境可以断定 答案为 C 项。 7.（北京卷）John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ___ with them to school. A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take 【答案】B 【解析】主句是一般过去时，而 John 的先辈们带着这个手提箱去上学发生在主句动作前， 因此要用过去完成时。 8.（上海卷）Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ____out. A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling 【答案】B 【解析】went to 发生在过去，票售完发生在 went to 以前，说明要用过去完成时。所以 答案为 B 项。 9.（上海卷）During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____ not to touch and unattended bag. A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned 【答案】B 【解析】根据时间状语可知是指过去，be always doing sth.能表示一种感情色彩,并且人们 与警告之间是被动的关系，所以答案为 B 项。 10.（天津卷）My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我父母居住在香港，他们出生在那里从未去过任何地方。叙述过去的事 实，应用过去时态。 11.（重庆卷） She stared at the painting, wondering where she it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen 【答案】D 【解析】see 的动作发生在 stared 前，所以答案为过去完成时。 12.（天津卷）—I’ve got to go now. —Must you? I you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking 【答案】B 【解析】通过对话语境可知我认为这个动作发生在对话之前即过去，所以用一般过去时。 13.（天津卷）Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future to the well-educated. A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged 【答案】A 【解析】belong to 不用于进行时，不用于被动语态，所以答案为 A 项。 14.（安徽卷）Daniel's family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying 【答案】D 【解析】本题关键点最后四个单词”this time next week”是将来进行时的标志. 15.（福建卷）—Why does the Lake smell terrible? —Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生 的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被 动语态。主语是 large quantities of water，其中心词是 quantities，是复数，谓 语动词用复数，选 D 项。 16.（福建卷）According to the literary review, Shakespeare his charities live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes 【答案】D 【解析】题干是陈述一个客观真理，用一般现在时，选 D。 17.（湖南卷）Would you please keep silent? The weather report and _________I want to listen. A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意为：请保持安静行吗? 我想听正在广播的天气报告。说 话间正在发生的动作，应用进行时同时表示被动含义。故选 B 项。 18.（湖南卷）—The food here is nice enough. — My friend ______ me a right place. A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—这里的食物不错。—我的朋友介绍给我一个正确的地方。表示过去的 行为。 19.（江苏卷）The population of Jiangsu __ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing 【答案】A 【解析】population 是集合名词，或集体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形 式。句子说的是江苏现在的人口数量和以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。 20.（江苏卷）—Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I __ know. I __ go and visit her. A. didn’t; am going to B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn't; will 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和交际用语说话者用 I _didn't_ know，是表示现在之前他不知道。而 他现在说要去看他当然是将要去看他用“will'. 21. （江苏卷）—Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? —Sorry. . A. It’s repaired B. It has been repaired C. It's being repaired D. It had been repaired 【答案】C 【解析】据题意，computer 是正在被修。 22.（江西卷）At present, one of the apartments in favor of the new airport ________ that it will going a lot jobs to the area. A. is B. are C. will be D. were 【答案】A 【解析】根据 at present =now 可知，应用一般现在时。 23.（江西卷）—What is the price of petrol these days. -—Oh, it ______ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased 【答案】B 【解析】根据 since last month 可知应用现在完成时。 24.（江西卷）—Do you want a lift home? —It’s very kind of you, but I have a much late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _______. A. doesn’t go off B. won’t gone C. wasn’t going off D. didn’t go on 【答案】D 【解析】根据 I overslept this morning 可知应用一般过去时。 25.（辽宁卷） Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ________ all day. Could you speak to her now? A. phones B. has phoned C. has been phoning D. phoned 【答案】C 【解析】由 all day 可以看出一直在打电话，此时仍然在打，创设了过去发生地动作持续 到现在仍在进行，故选 C 项。 26.（辽宁卷）My parents have promised to come to see me before I for Africa. A. have left B. leave C. left D. will leave 【答案】B 【解析】由前句的现在完成时可以看出 leave 还没有发生，选 B 符合语境。 27.（山东卷）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 【答案】C 【解析】主语是 the number 故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是 since 1997 所以用完成 时态。 28.（山东卷）I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______. A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查具体语境中的时态，后一句隐藏的时间状语是 at the time. 29.（陕西卷）Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 【答案】A 【解析】主语中心词是 Dr. Smith，表单数，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是 this summer， 表计划性的将来，故时态用一般将来时，选 A 项。 30.（陕西卷）This is the first time went a film in the cinema together as a family. A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen 【答案】D 【解析】the+序数词+time 引导的时间状语从句中动词时态用完成时，有参照动词 is 可知 此处用现在完成时，选 D 项。 31.（四川卷）—Why don’t we choose that road to save time? —The bridge to it __________. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired 【答案】C 【解析】根据语境可知不走另一条路的原因是因为桥正在被修。所以用现在进行时的被 动形式作为该题的答案。 32.（四川卷）—You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied 【答案】A 【解析】我在四川大学学过 4 年法语是指过去发生过的事情，所以谓语动词用一般过去 时，该题由于有 for four years.造成一部分学生做出错误的选择，而选择了 D。 33.（浙江卷）Over the past decades, sea ice in the Arctic as a result of global warming. A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing 【答案】C 【解析】句中有 Over the past decades 谓语动词用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 34.（浙江卷）—What do you think of the movie? —It’s fantastic. The only pity is that I the beginning of it. A. missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss 【答案】A 【解析】通过语境知道错过这部电影的开头已经发生，所以用一般过去时来表示已经发 生的动作。 2010 年 1.(全国 I 卷)—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? —No, I_________ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. had done D. do 【答案】A 【解析】根据选项此题考察时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。A 表示 一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。题干中有 all day yesterday 时 间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除 D。B 为过去将来时不符合题 意，C 过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题 干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。句意：—你读完了 Jane Eyre 吗？—没有，我 昨天一直做作业。 2. (全国 I 卷)When you are home, give a call to let me know you _________safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive 【答案】B 【解析】根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。 句意为“当你 到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B 选项使用现在完成时表示将 来完成，译为“已经……”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive 既可以使用现在进行 时表示将来也可以用 will + do 表示将来，因此 A 和 D 同时排除，C 为过去完成 时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去， 因此 C 也排除，选择 B 项。句意：当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已 经到家了。 3. (全国 I 卷)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _______. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 【答案】C 【解析】根据选项此题考察时态和语态。make fortune 译为“发财”，make 在句中需要使 用被动形式，因此排除 B 和 D，题干中 led 提示时间为过去，因此选择 C。be to do 译为“将会将要”，was to be made 表示过去将来。句意：在澳洲金矿的发现 使千百人相信将会发财。 4.(全国 II 卷 15)Linda，make sure the tables ____ before the guests arrive. A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词 set 的用法和被动语态。Set a table 摆放桌子，tables 为主语，故用被 动结构。make sure 后一般接宾语从句。 5.(全国 II 卷)Excuse me. I I was blocking your way. A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing 【答案】A 【解析】结合语境，后文暗示过去时。 6. (安徽卷)Bob would have helped us yesterday,but he . A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy 【答案】A 【解析】上文用的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反。下文是讲的昨天忙这样的事实，用一 般过去时。 7.(安徽卷)—Can you surprised by the ending of the film? —NO, I____ the book, so I already knew the story A.was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 【答案】B 【解析】句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。 8.(安徽卷)—We’ve spent too much money recently. —Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives______ around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming 【答案】D 【解析】句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。—-并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用 have been coming 表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。 9.(北京卷)In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words . A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 【答案】A 【解析】the "r" sounds at the end of the words 常常被省掉 10.(北京卷 24).—I'm not finished with my dinner yet. —But our friends for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 【答案】D 【解析】第一个说话人说"我还没吃完饭呢"，而下面的人则说"但是我们的朋友们都在等 我们了"根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作，而第二个人又开始催促，我们得 知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时 are waiting 更符合句意。 11.(北京卷)—I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? —Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made 【答案】D 【解析】上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能 选 didn't make 或者 haven't made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择 D。A. hadn't made 过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldn't make 过去将来时时 态不正确。C 一般现在时不正确。 12.(北京卷)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing 【答案】A 【解析】整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我 的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选 A 项。 13.(福建卷)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 【答案】D 【解析】根据上文所用时态，下文应该用现在范畴的时态，排除 AB 两个答案，再考虑语 态，选 D 项。 14.(福建卷)—Guess what ,we’ve got our visas for a short —term visit to the UK this summer. —How mice! you a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意：—猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证。—太棒了， 你到时候将会感受到不同的文化。要用将来进行时。 15.(湖南卷)This coastal area ___________a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 【答案】A 【解析】根据主语“This coastal area”与 name 之间的被动关系排除 B、D 两项。根据句中 的 last year 判断用一般过去时，故选 A 项。 16.(湖南卷)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone____________ it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D will do 【答案】B 【解析】该空动作发生在 was just going to cut 之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成 时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你 干的吗？” 17.(湖南卷)I walked slowly through the market, Where people_________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold 【答案】B 【解析】根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处 表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作， 故选 B 项。 18.( 湖南卷)I’m tired out. I __________all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。由 语境可判断选 D 项。 19.(江苏卷)—why, Jack, you look so tired! —Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting 【答案】D 【解析】我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行 时。 20.(江苏卷)—Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation? —We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 【答案】C 【解析】我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前， 因此用过去完成时。 21.(江西卷)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she since her marriage to Father. A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering 【答案】D 【解析】在本句 since 表示自从过去到现在一直这样还将延续下去,所以用现在完成进行 时。 22.(辽宁卷)Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian. A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone 【答案】A 【解析】句中 since last month，表示“自从上个月起”根据 but 后的句意，说明动作从过 去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。句意：约瑟夫自从 上个月就一直去上夜校，可是他到现在还不会用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。 23.(辽宁卷)I_______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it. A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done 【答案】B 【解析】第一句表示现阶段的一种状况，所以用一般现在时态。句意：我为一家人做饭， 但是最近我太 忙不能做了。 24.(山东卷)Up to now, the program ______thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved 【答案】D 【解析】句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的 生命。”up to now 是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。 25.(陕西卷)I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough 【答案】A 【解析】由时间状语 lately 可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调 其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选 A 项。 26.(陕西卷)It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。由时间状语 at present 可知此处动词表示的动 作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词 用单数形式，由此可知本题选 D 项。 27.(四川卷)一 When shall we restart our business? 一 Not until we our plan. A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished 【答案】D 【解析】在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时。此 处为 until 引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时，选 D 项。意为“直到我们完 成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。” 28.(四川卷)You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 【答案】D 【解析】句中 you 与 expect 存在被动关系，首先排除 C。又有 have failed 提示应是过去 你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为 D 项。 29.(天津卷)We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 【答案】B 【解析】从句子的时间状语 for four hours 和后面的句子 Let’s have a rest 可知，动作从 过去发生，到说话的时候一直在进行着，所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。句 意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会儿吧。 30.(天津卷)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】因为 2010 年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术 品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。句意：象剪纸 一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在 2010 上海世博会的文化展览中展出。 31.(重庆卷)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973. A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes 【答案】C 【解析】since 引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选 C 项。 32.(重庆卷)The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 【答案】A 【解析】remain 在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，没有被动语态。整句话 是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A 项。 33.(重庆卷)— Why do you want to work for our company? —This is the job that I for. A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking 【答案】D 【解析】由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时 刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。 34.(浙江卷) If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you __ fresh watermelon in the fall. A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating 【答案】D 【解析】根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判 断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择 will be eating 表将来。 35.(浙江卷)For many years, people __ electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要 难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已 经有了电动汽车，所以应用现在完成时。 36.(上海卷)Every few years, the coal workers. their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had 【答案】B 【解析】根据时间状语 every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选 B 项。 37.(上海卷) The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 【答案】D 【解析】restore 意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，且要 用被动语态。 2011 年 1.（新课标卷）Planning so far ahead _____ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 【答案】C 【解析】前句表示现在的情况 make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果 will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making 和 has made 表示具体 的动作过程，故不选。因此选 C 项。句意：计划这么超前毫无意义——到明年 许多事情会发生变化的。 2.（新课标卷） I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 【答案】A 【解析】句前 wasn’t sure 表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested 和 was just being polite 都是相一致的过去时。故选 A 项。句意：我不能肯定他是真正感兴趣呢还 是仅仅为了表示礼貌。 3.（新课标卷） When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 【答案】A 【解析】过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to 苏醒过来是过去 时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选 A 项。句 意：当 Alice 苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。 4. (大纲卷） If you don’t like the drink you ______just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 【答案】A 【解析】don’t like the drink 是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作，因此，用过去时或现在完 成时，故选 A 项。句意：如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料，就把它放那儿，试试另 一种。 5.（北京卷）Experiments of this kind _______ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 【答案】 D 【解析】句意为“就在二战爆发前，美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态， 主语 experiment 与 conduct 构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现 the second war 是过去的时间点，before the second war 是过去的过去，因此使用过 去完成时。选 D 项。 6.（北京卷）Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 【答案】 C 【解析】题干中出现的 over the last three months，是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在 完成时。故选 C 项。句意：在过去的三个月里，Tom 每天晚上都在图书馆里学 习。 7.（北京卷）—That must have been a long trip. —Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 【答案】C 【解析】题干中 must have done 是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情 况，排除 A 和 B 项，D 项 was taking 进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生， 这与题意不符，因此选 C 项。句意：“那一定是长途旅行。”“是的，我们花了整 整一周时间才赶到那儿。” 8.（北京卷）—Bob has gone to California. —Oh, can you tell me when he _________? A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 【答案】B 【解析】Bob has gone to California 去的动作已经发生。这说明他离开的动作一定发生在 过去，因此使用一般过去时。选 B 项。句意：“Bob 已经去了加利福尼亚。”“噢， 你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？” 9.（上海卷） After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 【答案】B 【解析】首先考虑应该用被动语态。排除 AC 选项。再者题干中没有过去的过去的时间 概念，故排除 D 项。句意：在一次暴风雨中失踪以后，海军中的一员四天后得 救了。 10.（上海卷） Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? A. would sign B. signed C. have signed D. had signed 【答案】A 【解析】主句中用了一般过去时，受主句时态的限制，从句中要用过去时态。根据句子 意思：你预测到了会有许多学生报名参加这次舞蹈比赛吗？是过去对将来的预 测，应该用过去将来时。 11.（山东卷）When I got on the bus, I _____ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize 【答案】B 【解析】I had left my wallet at home 发生在 realized 之前，前一句 When I got on the bus 给出的时间起点是过去时，故选 B 项。句意：当我上了车的时候，我才意识到 把钱包忘在家里了。 12.（山东卷）She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating 【答案】B 【解析】“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过 去的过去，用过去完成时。故选 B 项。句意：她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也； 她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！ 13.（江西卷）We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night. A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking 【答案】B 【解析】两个时间点，“有人闯进了办公室”发生在“我们到达”之前，是过去的过去，用 过去完成时，选 B 项。句意：我们在早晨到达工作地点时，发现有人在前一天 晚上闯进了我们的办公室。 14.（江苏卷）—I hear you ______ in a pub. What’s it like? —Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind. A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working 【答案】A 【解析】对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重 复的一个动作。故选A项。句意：“我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？”“这 是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。” 15.（江苏卷）－Tommy is planning to buy a car. －I know. By next month, he ______enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved 【答案】D 【解析】by next month 是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来 next month 之前完成“积 攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间 next month 产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选 D。 句意：“Tommy 将计划买车。”“我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆 旧车了。” 16.（安徽卷）—I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk? —I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 【答案】B 【解析】问句中谈论的事情即“放”的动作发生在过去，强调的是对话发生时的情况，需 要使用现在完成时，故选择 B 项。句意：“我没有要名单，怎么名单在我桌上？”“我 刚才放在那里的，以备你用得着。” 17.（浙江卷）The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ______ in his place but luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 【答案】C 【解析】was worried about 和 everything was going on smoothly 都是过去时，排除 B 选 项。经理担心的时候正是助手举办新闻发布会之时，过去进行时表示过去某时 正在进行的动作，排除表示过去完成时的 D 选项。A 选项 gave 表示过去发生的 动作，这与后面 everything was going on smoothly 不符，因为事情还在进展中， 故选 C。句意：经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的新闻发布会。幸运的是，一 切进展顺利。 18.（福建卷）Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they____ from China. A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received 【答案】D 【解析】由语境可知，receive 动作发生在 expressed 动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故 receive 要用过去完成时态，因此 D 项正确。句意：上个月，日本政府表达了他们对收 到的中国的援助的谢意。 19.（四川卷）All visitors to this village _________ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 【答案】B 【解析】表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。 由于没有交代过去时间，had been treated 过去的过去不能用。因此选 B。句意： 所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。 20.（四川卷）—What a mistake! —Yes. I his doing it another way, but without success. A. was suggesting B. will suggest C. would suggest D. had suggested 【答案】D 【解析】下句意思是：是的。我建议他用另一种方式去做，但他不听。语境中隐含了“过 去的过去”的意味——失误已经造成，而在失误造成之前我给他提过建议，所以 用过去完成时，故答案为 D 项。 21.（辽宁卷）I’ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I _____. A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing 【答案】B 【解析】主句是将来时，时间状语从句用现在时。finish 与选项 C.have done 矛盾，故选 B 项。句意： 我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。 22.（辽宁卷）By the time Jack returned home from England, his son_____ from college. A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been D. had graduated 【答案】D 【解析】by the time 到……时候为止，一般与完成时连用。选 D。句意：当杰克从英国 返回家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 23.（天津卷）In the last few years thousands of films __________ allover the word. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 【答案】B 【解析】in the last few years 在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成 时的标志。选 B 项。句意：在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电 影。 24.（天津卷）On the next birthday. Ann ________married for twenty years. A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been 【答案】D 【解析】her next birthday 是将来的时间，for twenty years 是个时间段。将来完成时表示 持续到将来某 时的动作或状态，故选 D 项。句意：等到下次生日的时候，Ann 结婚有二十年 了。 25.（陕西卷）His first novel ________ good reviews since it came out last month. A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received 【答案】D 【解析】since 自从……以来，引导含有过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。故选 D。 句意：他的第 一本小说自上个月出版以来受到了好评。 26.（重庆卷）That price of music sounds quite familiar. Who _________the piano upstairs? A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing 【答案】D 【解析】在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问，sound 用的是现在时，交代的时间是现 在，故选 D 项。 句意：那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴？ 27.（重庆卷）Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He _______ to have been praised by the manager just now. A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming 【答案】B 【解析】look at 祈使句交代的时间是现在，seem 表心理判断，没有进行时态，故选 B。 句意：看 Tom 脸上骄傲的表情，他似乎刚才受到了经理的表扬。 28.（湖南卷）—John, what ________________in your hand ? —Look, It’s a birthday gift for my grandma. A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold 【答案】B 【解析】两人对话以现在时间为参考点，现在(说话人说话时） 对方 hold 这个动作正在 发生，故用现在进行时。句意：约翰，你手里拿的是什么？”“看，这是给我奶 奶的生日礼物。” 29.（湖南卷）In 1942, Columbus_______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India. A. lands B. landed C. has landed D..had landed 【答案】B 【解析】in 1492 是过去时的标志，后面叙述的是在这一年里发生的事情。题目没有明确 说明“登陆”是发生在“误解”之前的动作，因此，这两个行为都统一在 1492 年里， 排除 D，故选 B。句意：在 1492 年，哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛，但他误以为是 印度的岛屿。 30.（湖南卷）It is the most instructive lecture that I ________since I came to this school. A .attended B. had attended C. am attending D.have attended 【答案】D 【解析】since 自从……以来，引导过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。选 D。句意： 自从我到这个 学校以来，这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。 31.（湖南卷）In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________by scientists. A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made 【答案】D 【解析】in the near future 表明了将来的时间，more advances 与 make 主谓关系上存在 着被动，故选 D。句意：在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的 进展。 1. I to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. A. was planning B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 【答案】C 【解析】此处 plan 这一动作发生在 called 之前，故应用过去完成时。plan，think，hope， expect，want 等词用于过去完成时时，通常表示过去未曾实现的愿望或安排等，可理解为“本 计划／打算／希望……”。 2. —Is Paul playing basketball for his school? —Well, he ,But he has given it up and switched to playing volleyball. A. is B. was C. has D. had 【答案】B 【解析】答语的后一句提到他如今已经放弃了打篮球，转而去打排球了，由此可知他以前 是学校篮球队的队员，所以用一般过去时。 3. The old woman who in the deserted house alone for ten years has been settled in a nursing home now. A. lived B. has lived C. had lived D. has been living 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那位在废弃的房子里单独住了十年的老妇人现在已被安置在养老院了。根 据句意，老妇人现已不再住在那房子里了，故“住”是过去的状态，用一般过去时。 4. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃 光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择“过去的过 去”。故选 B。 5. And the horse ________ up to the finish line. They’re neck and neck... neck and neck all the way. Oh, the Italian horse Mamma Mia ________ the race! A. come; is winning B. have come; wins C. are coming; won D. are coming; wins 【答案】D 【解析】据句意可知这是现场解说，为了表达更生动，动作用了现在进行时，结果用一般 现在时。这是新闻及报道常用的时态。 6. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science study ________that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. will show C. has shown D. is showing 【答案】C 【解析】句中的 recent 可知应用现在完成时。 7. —Are you glad that you come to work in Hangzhou? —Yes, indeed. I ________going to Guangzhou or Beijing, but I’ve never regretted my decision. A. have considered B. had considered C. am considering D. was considering 【答案】B 【解析】从“but I’ve never regretted my decision.”看出“我”曾考虑过去广州或北京。had considered 表示本来考虑要做但没有做。 8. —Excuse me, but I wonder if Bill is free at 3 o’clock this afternoon. —I’m not sure. I am afraid he ________ 2012. A. will watch B. will be watching C. is to watch D. is watching 【答案】B 【解析】根据句中时间状语“at 3 o’clock this afternoon”，用将来进行时，C 项“be to do” 表示“按计划、要求、约定要做某事”。 9. —Why does the lake smell terrible? —Because large quantities of water ________. A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态、语态主谓一致。名词被 quantities of 修饰作主语时，其谓语动词用复 数形式；从文中湖水的气味难闻，知水已被污染，即强调的是结果和影响。综 上所述选 D 项。 10. —I suggest we set up an out•of•class club. —Great! That’s exactly what I ________. A. have been thinking B. think C. had thought D. will think 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意“这正是我一直在想的事”，选择 A 项，为现在完成进行时。 11. —I have just received another message, telling me I have won a big prize. —Don’t jump on it. You ________. A. should be cheated B. are being cheated C. are cheating D. must have cheated 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我刚刚收到了一条信息，说我中了大奖。——别信，骗你呢。由句子 知选 B 项。 12. With the rapid development of medical science, we ________ more new drugs used in the treatment of cancer. A. see B. had seen C. will be seeing D. would see 【答案】C 【解析】句意：随着医学的飞速发展，我们将会看到更多的新药用于癌症的治疗中，表示 将来，故选 C 项。 13. At that time few people would accept Einstein’s ideas, which ________ correct many years later. A. were to prove B. were proved C. would have proved D. were going to prove 【答案】A 【解析】be to do 表示“注定”。句意：那时没有什么人愿意接受爱因斯坦的想法，这些想 法 许多年后被证明是正确的。 14. —What were you doing when I phoned you last night? —I ________ my homework and was starting to surf the Internet. A. have already finished B. was finishing C. had just finished D. was going to finish 【答案】C 【解析】根据上下文语境，动词 finish在动词“phoned”之前发生，故用过去完成时 had done。 15. I remember having met him at my brother’s birthday party, but we then. A. were not introduced B. did not introduce C. haven’t introduced D. hadn’t been introduced 【答案】A 【解析】根据时间状语 then 可知动作发生在过去，再根据 we 和 introduce 之间的被动关 系可知 A 为正确答案。 16.— the sports meet might be put off. —Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told 【答案】A 【解析】根据答语可知动作产生的影响，由此可知空格处应该是现在完成时，又因为 I 和 tell 之间为被动关系，因此选 A。 17. If Newton lived today， he would be surprised by what in science and technology. A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has discovered D. has been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】根据时间状语 today 可判断出要用现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作或存在的状 态。再根据 what 与 discover 的关系可确定用被动语态。If Newton lived today 是虚拟语气，意为“如 果牛顿活到今 天”。在科技方面的发现指的是现在的发现。过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过 去某一时间或 动作之前已经完成或结束，也可能是早已完成或结束，即“过去的过去”。 18. Living cost is rising and by the end of last month the prices of most foods ________. A. increased B. have increased C. would increase D. had increased 【答案】D 【解析】by the end of last month 是“过去的过去”的时间概念，故用过去完成时。 19. I’m afraid I couldn’t mail you the report until about 8 o’clock in the evening because I ________on my way to Guangzhou the whole afternoon but my train hasn’t arrived yet. A. had been B. was C. am D. will be 【答案】D 【解析】根据下文的“my train hasn’t arrived yet”所表明的时间，说明是一般将来时。 20. —Has Tommy finished his homework yet? —I have no idea; he ____ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did 【答案】A 【解析】用过去进行时表示今天上午他一直在做作业。 21. —Have you got your test result? —Not yet. The papers _____. A. are still being corrected B C. have already been corrected D. have not corrected 【答案】A 【解析】 根据题意应选用被动语态的选项, B。句意：“你知道你的考试结果了吗？”“没有。 试卷正在评改中。” 22. — I’d like to buy the kind of cloth which easily. —Will this one ? A. washes; do B. washes; work C. is washed; do D. is washed; work 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态及动词词义辨析。句意：—我想买这种好洗的布料。—这种行吗？ 第一空表示布料的性质，“wash”用主动。第二空 do 意为“可以，行”。 23.Tell John not to leave the house unless he that the lights ______ . A. will make sure, turn off B. makes sure; are turned off C. will make sure; will turn off D. makes sure; will be turned off 【答案】B 【解析】第一空在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时；第二空所有的灯被关掉。 24.Had you joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we _______about then. A. had talked B. have talked C. talk D. were talking 【答案】D 【解析】此题以虚拟语气的句子为出题背景，增加了试题难度。主句为虚拟语气，“what” 引导的宾语从句是真实的。句意：如果你十分钟前加入聊天室，你就会知道（那 时）我们在谈什么。根据语境应用过去进行时。 25.—How do you find the movie The Cove? — _______sad. It _______a bloody picture of dolphins being killed. A. Looks; presents B. Looking; presents C. Looks; presented D. Looked; presented 【答案】A 【解析】考查系动词及动词时态的用法。第一空为省略句，it 被省略；第二空陈述事实， 用一般现在时。 26.Daniel, you into things. How can anyone be so clumsy? A. always knock B. are always knocking C. always look D. are always looking 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意：你总是撞上东西可知用含有“always”的进行时表示责备的情绪。 27.—When did you come back? —An hour ago. You the computer games. A. have played B. were playing C. played D. had played 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“你什么时候回来的？”“一小时前。你那时在玩电脑。”此句可理解为“You were playing the computer games when came back an hour ago.” 28. Believe it or not, the Great Wall, which ______ by people, should be protected at once. A. has been destroyed B. is destroyed C. was destroyed D. is being destroyed 【答案】D 【解析】根据 at once 可知：现阶段长城正遭到破坏，故用现在进行时态。 29.— Could you tell me the timetable of the school bus? — Well, the bus ______ here for the campus at 7：00 a. m. A. will leave B. left C. is leaving D. leaves 【答案】D 【解析】用一般现在时来表示已确定或安排好的事情。 30.— Will you attend the press meeting to be held this afternoon? — But I ______ anything about it.(2010·甘肃天水市三中高三月考) A. wouldn't be told B. am not told C. haven't told D. haven't been told 【答案】D 【解析】用现在完成时的被动语态来强调现在我还不知道此事。 31.— You look so young. Haven't you graduated from your university? — Yes, I ______ in the English Department of Shandong University for four years. A. studied B. study C. had studied D. was studying 【答案】A 【解析】根据 Yes 可知：我已大学毕业，故在山东大学学习已成过去，与现在没有关系， 故选 A 项。 32.— Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. — Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ______ of my friends back home. A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意可知：我刚才想起了回家的朋友。 33.When I was at college I ______ three foreign languages, but I ______ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten 【答案】B 【解析】由时间状语从句可知第一个空动作发生在过去，由 but 可知第二空与现在有关， 故选 B 项。 34. — Do you think we should accept that offer? — Yes, we should, for we ______ such bad luck up till now, and time ______ out. A. have had; is running B. had; is running C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run 【答案】A 【解析】run out 只有主动结构，故排除 C 和 D 两项；根据时间 till now 可知，第一空用 现在完成时。 35— I phoned you at 7 yesterday evening but nobody answered. — Oh, I ______ my dog in the park then. A. walked B. was walking C. had walked D. would walk 【答案】B 【解析】表示在昨天晚上 7 点遛狗这个动作正在进行。 36.— Why are you looking so worried? — I sent an email to my son in America last week, but no reply ______.(2010·江苏泰州/南通 市高三模拟) A. was received B. had received C. has received D. has been received 【答案】D 【解析】应用被动结构，故排除 B 和 C；另强调对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。 36.— Isn't it a surprise that I happened to meet Francis Mathews at the Christmas party last week? 一 If my memory serves me correctly, you ______ each other for exactly two years. A. hadn't seen B. haven't seen C. didn't see D. don't see 【答案】A 【解析】到上周为止已有两年没见，表示“过去的过去”。 37.— Ouch! You hurt me! — I am sorry. But I ______ any harm. I ______ to kill the mosquito on your arm. A. didn't mean; tried B. don't mean; am trying C. haven't meant; tried D. didn't mean; was trying 【答案】D 【解析】didn't mean… 表示“本没打算……”；第二空用过去进行时表示过去打算将要 做某事。 38.I can guess you were in a hurry. You ______ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 【答案】D 【解析】can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的，故用现在进行时。 39. I know Mr. Brown; we ______ to each other at an international conference. A. are introduced B. have been introduced C. were introduced D. had been introduced 【答案】C 【解析】在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去。 40.— What do you think of this kind of TV set, which ________ in Shanghai? — Well, I don’ t care such things. A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made 【答案】B 【解析】这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。 41.The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ________too long. A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked 【答案】A 【解析】cook 发生在 didn’t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完 成时的被动语态。 42.She ________ to the office than she got down to writing the report. A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got 【答案】D 【解析】no sooner...than 和 hardly(scarcely)...when 均表示“一……就……”，且主句用过 去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 43.—What’s that terrible noise, David? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machines in the nearby plant________. A. were tested B. will be tested C. are being tested D. have been tested 【答案】C 【解析】根据问句中的 What’s that terrible noise 可知，这里应该用进行时态，噪音是机 器正在被检测时发出的，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。 44.The attackers were arrested and didn’t know where they________. A. would take B. are taken C. were being taken D. will be taken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：袭击者被捕了，他们不知道正被带往何处。根据 didn’t know 可知，空格 处也应该用过去的某种时态，所以 B、D 不正确；根据句意可知此处用被动语态， 故选 C 项。 45.—I hear you ________at Smith’s. —Yes, I ________there for about three months. A. work; had been working B. worked; was working C. are working; have been working D. worked; have worked