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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．boyhood n． 少年时代
2．bet n. 赌；打赌
vi.& vt. 打赌；赌钱
3．penniless adj. 贫困的；身无分文的
4．pavement n. 人行道
5．bay n. 海湾
6．nightfall n. 黄昏
7．passage n. 船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
8．embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员
9．charity n. 慈善(团体)；施舍
10．steak n. (供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排
11．pineapple n． 菠萝
12．dessert n. 餐后甜点
13．businessman n. 商人
14．fake n. 假货；欺骗
adj. 假的
15．barber n. 理发师
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊
2．envelope n. 信封
3．scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
4．spot vt. 发现；认出
n. 斑点；污点；地点
5．account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有
n. 说明；理由；计算；账目
6．seek vt.& vi. 寻找；探索；寻求
7．contrary n. 反面；对立面
adj. 相反的；相违的
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8．manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式
9．scream vi. 尖声叫
n. 尖叫声；喊叫声
10．stare vi. 凝视；盯着看
11．fault n. 过错；缺点；故障
12．amount n. 数量
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．novel n．小说；长篇故事 adj.新奇的；异常的→novelist n．小说家
2．adventure n．奇遇；冒险→adventurous adj.冒险的
3．permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许 n．通行证；许可证；执照→permission n．许可
4．patience n．耐性；忍耐→patient adj.能忍耐的；有耐心的 n．病人，患者→patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地
5．believe vt.相信；信任→belief n．信念；信仰→believable adj.可信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
6．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁
1.“过失”与“冲突”相关词一览
①fault n． 过错
②argument n. 争吵；争论
③quarrel n. 争吵；吵架
④conflict n. 冲突
⑤mistake n. 错误
2.以字母e结尾的形容词直接加ly 变副词荟萃
①rude→rudely
②polite→politely
③wide→widely
④fortunate→fortunately
⑤entire→entirely
⑥extreme→extremely
3.“一天时间”知多少？
①dawn 黎明
②noon 中午
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③dusk 黄昏
④nightfall 黄昏
⑤midnight 半夜
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．bring__up 抚养；培养；教育；提出
2．stare__at 盯着看；凝视
3．account__for 是……的原因；解释
4．on__the__contrary 与此相反；正相反
5．go__ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
6．by__accident 偶然；无意中；不小心
7．a__large__amount__of 许多；大量
8．take__a__chance 冒险
9．in__rags 衣衫褴褛
10．as__for 关于；至于
11．from__the__bottom__of__one’s__heart
发自某人的内心
12．make__a__bet 打赌
13．on__the__scene 在现场
14．as__a__matter__of__fact 事实上
1.“take a(n) ＋n.”一览
①take a chance 冒险
②take a break 休息一下
③take a seat 就坐
④take a shower 淋浴；洗澡
⑤take an exam 参加考试
⑥take an example 举例；示范
⑦take a nap 小睡一会儿
⑧take a photo 拍照
2.“v.＋for”高频短语聚焦
①account for 解释；占(比例)
②apply for 申请
③call for 要求；需要
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④care for 喜欢；照顾
⑤answer for 负责
⑥arrange for 安排
⑦leave for 出发去
⑧hope for 希望；期望
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构
Well, towards nightfall I found__myself__carried__out to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。
句型2：had just done...when...
刚做完……，这时……
The next morning I’d__just__about__given__myself__up for lost when__I__was__spotted__by__a__ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
句型3：“It is/was... that/who...”强调句型
And it__was__the__ship__that brought you to England. 正是这艘船把你带到了英国。
句型4：whenever引导让步状语从句
Indeed, sir, I hope you’ll come here whenever__you__like．
真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候您就来。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)The following are my suggestions on how to mind your table manners(礼貌) in China.
2．(2017·天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients(病人) to be treated.
3．The happy scene(场景；场面) of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.
4．He is always finding fault(过错) with me, which makes me very sad.
5．The girl is staring(stare) at the stranger with her eyes wide open.
6．On the way，we spotted(spot) a man holding a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.”
7．So far, huge amounts(amount) of money have been spent on his slimming gym.
8．They are seeking(seek) the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.
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Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.海湾
2．(2018·天津卷阅读表达)But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.冒险
3．(2018·天津卷阅读C)In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3Dprinted, rather than farm to table.餐后甜点
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.尖叫声；喊叫声
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．As we all know, Mo Yan, a famous novelist,__won Nobel Prize in Literature and wrote many excellent novels. (novel)
2．Although the patient was out of patience,__the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently. (patience)
3．I will come after the meeting if time permits,__but I should ask for my headmaster’s permission first. (permit)
4．It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness. (rude)
5．Believe it or not, I hold the firm belief that he is an honest and reliable man. It would be unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.(believe)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
by accident; a large amount of; account for; as for; bring up
1．As__for my best friend, it must be John. 2.Brought__up in a happy and wealthy family, John lost all his family members and fortune 3.by__accident. However, he insisted on not seeking help from his friends but depending on himself. What he did moved Miss Brown and she lent 4.a__large__amount__of money to him to set up his business again. A few years later, his patience and determination as well as his perseverance 5.accounted__for his unbelievable success eventually.I conclude from his experience that where there is a will there is a way.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．当我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。
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After I arrived in America, I found__myself__living__in a completely foreign culture.
2．昨天她刚写完作业她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
She had__just__finished__her__homework__when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
3．(2018·北京卷书面表达)就在活动结束时，我们拍了一张照片，纪念难忘的一天。
It__was__at__the__end__of__the__activity__that we took a picture in memory of the unforgettable day.
4．无论什么时候我犯错误，老师都耐心地指出。
whenever__I__made__mistakes,__the teacher pointed them out with patience.
scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.
②In the picture, there’s a scene where some lovely children are having a class.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达) On receiving the call，the police rushed to the scene.There a traffic accident happened.
(高级表达)The moment the police received the call，they rushed to the scene，where/in__which__a__traffic__accident__happened．(定语从句)
on the scene 在现场；当场；在台上
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
appear/come on the scene 出场；登场
[佳句背诵] The colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. 棕色的岩石、深绿的松树和傍晚的阳光混合在一起，创造出一种神奇的景色。(2018·浙江卷6月读后续写)
[名师点津] scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用where或in which来引导。
permit v．许可；允许；准许 n．通行证；许可证；执照
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[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You simply ask how to apply for a library card, which will permit you to__take(take) books out regularly.
②The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn’t permit smoking(smoke)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果时间允许的话，我的确希望你来参加今年的音乐节。
③If__time__permits,__I do hope you will attend this year’s music festival.(条件状语从句)
④Time__permitting,__I do hope you will attend this year’s music festival.(独立主格结构)
(1)permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)permission n．[U] 允许；许可
without permission 未经允许
[佳句背诵] Children are not permitted to enter the cinema without their parents.
没有家长带领，孩子们不准进入电影院。
[名师点津] 类似用法荟萃：
(1)allow doing sth./sb. to do sth. 允许(某人)做某事
(2)forbid doing sth./sb. to do sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
(3)advise doing sth./sb. to do sth. 建议(某人)做某事
(4)permit doing sth./sb. to do sth. 允许(某人)做某事
account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有 n．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子/猜测加黑词的含义
①(2019·天津卷书面表达)I prefer western painting.There are several reasons accounting(account) for my preference.
②We had to put off the sports meeting on__account__of__the__heavy__rain(因为大雨)．
③It’s reported that Taobao and Tmall account for more than half of all parcel deliveries in China.占……比例
④I opened a bank account after I earned $100，000 by doing a fulltime job after graduating from college. 账户
[能力提升]——词汇升级
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⑤(普通表达)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
(高级表达)I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into__account/consideration. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
(1)account for 解释；是……的原因；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于；因为
on no account 绝不(置于句首时，部分倒装)
(3)
[佳句背诵] The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class. 教授警告学生们绝对不要在他的课堂上使用手机。(2019·天津卷)
[联想发散] 表示“决不”的短语有：
①in__no__case； ②by__no__means；
③at__no__time;__ ④in__no__way；
⑤under__no__circumstances．
spot vt.发现；认出；点缀 n．斑点；污点；地点
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me staring(stare) at me.
②More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)不仅将展出各种剪纸作品，工匠们还将现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。
Not only will all kinds of papercutting works be on display, but the craftsmen will also show visitors how__to__cut__paper__into__different__shapes__on__the__spot．
(1) spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with 散布；点缀
(2)on the spot 当场；在现场
[佳句背诵] Moreover，the scenery along the Yangtze River is amazing, with many wellknown sightseeing spots. 而且，有那么多著名的旅游景点，
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沿长江旅行的美景令人惊讶。(2017·北京卷书面表达)
[名师点津] spot作“地点”讲，定语从句如缺状语则用where引导，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导。
manner n．礼貌；举止；方式
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner.
②It’s bad manners(manner) to break in while others are speaking.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)下面是你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的一些建议。
The following are some suggestions on how__to__mind__your__table__manners in China.
in a...manner 以……的方式
It’s bad/good manners to do sth.
做……是没有/有礼貌的。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
[佳句背诵] Unlike western customs, it is good manners to be punctual if you are invited to attend a dinner party in China. 与西方风俗习惯不同，在中国如果你被邀请参加晚宴，准时是有礼貌的。
[名师点津] manner意为“礼貌；礼仪；习俗”时，常用复数形式。
seek vt.& vi.(sought, sought)寻找；探索；寻求
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The shopkeeper is trying to seek for a better way to win his customers back, perhaps with a discount.
②Most businesses seek to__make(make) a profit—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③你忙于做作业、做运动、交朋友、追求梦想。
You are busy doing homework, playing sports, making friends, and seeking__after__your__dreams．
seek for/after 寻找/追求
seek sth.from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek one’s fortune 寻找致富之路；碰运气
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seek to do sth. 试图做某事
[佳句背诵] The fact is that nowadays many young people are seeking their fortune in big cities. 事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。
[联想发散] 表示“寻找”的短语还有：
①look__for；②search__for；③hunt__for；④in__search__of．
bring up 培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐
[一词多义]——写出下列句中bring up的含义
①Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育
②He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, which brought down the cost of production.提出
③He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.呕吐
④Brought up in a big city, he found it quite difficult to fit in in the countryside.抚养；养育
[能力提升]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her aunt.
(高级表达)Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought__up by her aunt.
bring about 引起；导致；产生；带来
bring sth.back 使某物恢复；带回某物；使想起某事
bring down 让……降下来；使倒下
bring in 引入；赚(钱)
[佳句背诵] ①This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.
这张照片经常使我想起高中生活中许多美好的回忆。
②It is well known that science has brought about many changes in our lives.
众所周知，科学给我们的生活带来了许多变化。
take a chance 冒险；试图做某事；碰运气
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The main reason is that I want to take a chance to challenge myself.
②What’s more, I consider it a gold chance to__enjoy(enjoy) the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food.
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[能力提升]——微写作
③(2019·北京卷书面表达)我抓住这次机会，积极参加了主题为“劳动最光荣”的实践活动。
I grasped__this__opportunity/chance__to__take__an__active__part__in the programme with the theme “Working is most beautiful.”
(1)take chances 碰运气
by chance＝by accident 偶然；碰巧
(2)The chances/Chances are that...
有可能……
There is a chance that... 有可能……
[佳句背诵] The player is under good treatment and the chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game. 这名球员正在接受良好的治疗，他很有可能从伤病中恢复过来及时参加下一场比赛。
“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构
(教材P18)Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He found his daughter surrounded(surround)by letters and books and looking very worried.
②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen.
③That’s why she often finds herself helpless(help) when she meets with some challenges.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·北京卷书面表达)当在农田里干活的时候，我发现在烈日下干农活是很艰辛的。
While working in the farmyard, I found__it__very__hard__to__work in the fields under a hot sun.
find oneself...“发现自己处于某种境地”，而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思。“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构形式归纳：
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(1)find＋宾语＋
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do...(it是形式宾语，to do...是真正的宾语)
[佳句背诵] Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.
甚至最好的作家有时候也会发现自己表达不出来。
It is/was...that/who...强调句型
(教材P18)And it was the ship that brought you to England.
正是这艘船把你带到了英国。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was not until he lost his job that he realized the importance of study.
③It was in the shop that I met an old friend of mine.
④It was the shop where I met an old friend of mine.
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible with your generous help.
(高级表达)I hold__the__firm__belief that it__is__with__your__generous__help__that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. (强调句型)
(1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
[佳句背诵] It was his continuous efforts that caused China to change gradually.
正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。(北京卷书面表达)
whenever引导让步状语从句
(教材P22) Indeed, sir, I hope you’ll come here whenever you like.
真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候您就来。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Whenever you need help，I hope you can get in touch with me.
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②(2018·天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.
③However great the difficulties are, we must complete the task in time.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校有一个大的体育馆，无论什么时候我有空就去那儿锻炼。
Our school has a big gymnasium, and I will go there for exercise whenever__I__am__available．
(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
[佳句背诵] Nobody is more concerned about us than our parents, who are willing to come to our assistance whenever we are in trouble.
没有人比我们的父母更关心我们，无论何时我们有困难他们总会乐于帮助我们。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2018·浙江卷6月)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels(novel) published in Britain.
2．Mike sought(seek) help from his friends when he was in trouble, but they turned him down.
3．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others’ kindness and rudeness(rude)．
4．(全国卷Ⅱ)She gave me a comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently(patient), and then printed out the ticket immediately.
5．According to the report, staring(stare) at the cellphone for long periods of time will damage our eyesight gradually.
6．We were having class when a sudden noise set my mind wandering(wander)．
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．(2019·北京卷书面表达)It is by taking part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs that I realize working is most beautiful.
2．My brother told me that he found a girl waiting(wait) for me at the gate, but when I went there I found her gone(go)．
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3．I was wandering along the street when I felt someone staring at me.
4．The results are quite contrary to my expectations, and it’s really frustrating.
5．David went to Australia for his holiday last week, which accounted for his absence from Linda’s birthday party.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves losing.losing→lost
2．I had just finished writing the novel then the electricity was cut off.then→when
3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rag and gave them some food.rag→rags
4．He is such a man who is always finding faults with other people.faults→fault
5．Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patient.patient→patience
6．When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police in the spot.in→on
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2019·北京卷阅读D)Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance. n．地点
2．(2019·北京卷书面表达)I’m writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a farmwork programme. n．描述
3．(全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. n．通道；通路
4．It’s not a novel idea to open a Chinese restaurant in a foreign country.adj.新颖的；新奇的
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
Nowadays, many 1.adventurous(adventure) activities, such as bungee jumping and rocking climbing, are becoming 2.unbelievably(believe) popular, especially among teenagers.People say adventures help us to build up courage as well as 3.patience(patient)．But I am worried about them, because any small mistake will result in injuries or even deaths.Worse still, some facilities are put into use
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without gaining 4.permission(permit), leading to potential safety risks.
(二)
This morning, I was walking in the street 1.when I noticed a terrible scene.A car knocked down a man 2.in rags, 3.causing(cause) his death.Soon after, some policemen came 4.on the scene, and I found the driver 5.taken(take) away in a police car.The police looked into the case and said that it was the driver’s fault 6.that caused the accident.So there was a chance 7.that the driver would be sentenced to three years in prison.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，准备给你校英文报投稿介绍你最喜欢的小说家，请你根据下面提示写一篇短文介绍你喜欢的作家——马克·吐温。内容包括：①马克·吐温是美国19世纪最著名的作家之一，生于密苏里州，当过水手，喜欢写作；②全世界的读者都喜欢他的作品。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①至于我最喜欢的小说家，肯定是马克·吐温，他是19世纪美国最著名的作家之一。
As__for__my__favourite__novelist,__it must be Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century.
②由于他是在密苏里州被抚养长大，他的许多小说以他童年时期的水上冒险为背景。
Because he__was__brought__up in Missouri, he set__many__of__his__novels__in__his__childhood__adventures on the river.
③长大后，他冒险去赚一大笔钱，结果却做了一段时间水手。
After he grew up, he__took__a__chance__to__seek__a__large__amount__of__money,__only to end up as a sailor for some time.
④令人难以置信的是他发现自己喜欢当水手。
It__was__unbelievable__that__he__found__himself__liking being a sailor.
⑤他这段作为水手的有趣经历是他作为一个成功小说家的原因。
Such an interesting experience as a sailor __accounted__for__his__success__as__a__novelist．
⑥他的小说幽默而生动，这是他和他的小说深受全世界读者喜爱的原因。(表语从句)
His novels are humorous and lively, and that__is__why__he__and__his__novels__are__deeply__loved__by__readers__throughout__the__world．
2．升级平淡句
⑦用非谓语动词作状语升级句②
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Brought__up__in__Missouri,__he__set__many__of__his__novels__in__his__childhood__adventures__on__the__river.
⑧用强调句升级句⑤
It__was__such__an__interesting__experience__as__a__sailor__that__accounted__for__his__success__as__a__novelist.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however，actually)
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One possible version：
As for my favourite novelist, it must be Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century.Brought up in Missouri, he set many of his novels in his childhood adventures on the river.After he grew up, he took a chance to seek a large amount of money, only to end up as a sailor for some time.However, it was unbelievable that he found himself liking being a sailor.Actually, it was such an interesting experience as a sailor that accounted for his success as a novelist.
His novels are humorous and lively, and that is why he and his novels are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.
(建议用时：50分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·潍坊统一考试)J.K.Rowling turned another year older this week. Born Joanne Rowling, J．K.Rowling is, of course, her adopted pen name. Concerned that young boys might not go for a book written by a woman, her publisher suggested she come up with a pseudonym(笔名). So, upon combining her first initial with the initial of her paternal grandmother, Kathleen, the moniker J．K.Rowling was born.
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That’s the interesting fact about Rowling, apparently, and she can only fool some of the people some of the time.
Back in 2013, a crime novel appeared on the shelves. It was entitled The Cuckoo’s Calling, and it was written by Robert Galbraith. According to Galbraith’s bio, he spent “several years with the Royal Military Police” and the leading character of his novel, a fellow by the name of Cormoran Strike, “grew directly out of his own experiences and those of his military friends.” Only, upon further review, he didn’t! The book was actually penned by J. K. Rowling, who apparently wanted to try and sell a novel based on complete craftsmanship rather than on her name.
Unfortunately, however, the wife of a partner in the media firm in whom she placed her trust, shared the secret on Twitter. Rowling was angry and disappointed concerning the betraying of trust.
I’m not sure whether I would be terribly upset for too long, if I were her. Previous to her being known as the author, Rowling saw her book listed 4，709th on Amazon. After the big revelation, her book jumped all the way to No.1!
More importantly, I think she got what she wanted. The novel has received nearly universal critical acclaim. Rowling passed her own test with flying colors. Clearly, she’s pretty good at her craft!
In any case, I personally look forward to reading her newest writing endeavor.
【解题导语】 本文主要报道了J.K.Rowling用其他名字写书这一秘密暴露一事。
1．Why was Joanne Rowling advised to use a male pen name?
A．It was a common practice.
B．Her grandmother didn’t like her name.
C．The publisher wanted to give readers a surprise.
D．Women writers might not be popular with boy readers.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Concerned that young boys might not go for a book written by a woman, her publisher suggested she come up with a pseudonym(笔名)．”可知，女性作者可能不大受男性读者喜欢，因此Rowling用笔名写书，故选D。
2．Why didn’t J．K.Rowling publish her new book under her name?
A．She thought her name was out of date.
B．Readers didn’t like her books any longer.
C．She intended to prove her writing ability.
D．She thought a new name could make her more popular.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The book was actually penned by
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J．K.Rowling, who apparently wanted to try and sell a novel based on complete craftsmanship rather than on her name.”可推知，J.K.Rowling出版新书时没有用自己的名字是想验证自己的写作能力，故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “acclaim” in paragraph 6 mean?
A．Severe criticism. B．Great respect.
C．High praise. D．Much sympathy.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段最后两句“Rowling passed her own test with flying colors. Clearly, she’s pretty good at her craft！”可推知，J.K.Rowling的书大获成功，收到了广泛的赞誉，故选C。
4．What is the best title of the text?
A．The Secret Is Out B．Her Door Is Open
C．The Book Is on Sale D．Her Effort Is in Vain
A 解析：标题归纳题。结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J.K.Rowling用其他名字写书这一秘密暴露一事，故选A。
【难句分析】 I’m not sure whether I would be terribly upset for too long, if I were her.
分析：本句是一个复合句。whether引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句。此处，本句还运用了虚拟语气，表示对事实的假设，与现在事实相反，故从句用一般过去时。
译文：如果我是她，我不确定我是否会恼火很久。
B
(2020·安徽重点中学模拟)Along with the progress of reform and opening up, the Chinese film industry has also made remarkable achievements and become in a flourishing(繁荣的) state in economic growth. It has recorded social changes in the past decades through the medium of the film. The film market of China has been much better than that of North America, becoming the largest in the world during the first season of 2019.
In the original stage of reform and opening up, old Chinese movies were rescreened and foreign movies dubbed(译制). Audiences’ enthusiasm for movies was lighted up by both these practices. In 1979, the attendance of Chinese moviegoers reached a record high of 29.3 billion. However, televisions and other entertainment activities sprang up in the late 1980s and drew many audiences away from movies when the film market faced a danger.
The employment of a socialist market economy in China in 1992 brought energy again to the film industry. With the introduction of free competition and reforms,
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it made an abundant recovery and experienced rapid growth. In the same period, China began to introduce overseas movies into the home market, especially those from Hollywood. Despite the argument that foreign movies occupy the space of homemade ones, Chinese movies with increasingly higher quality have gained a firm foothold in the local market with box offices setting several new records.
The development of the Internet has added new energy to the Chinese film industry. In 2015, the powerful Internet companies, one called Tencent and another Alibaba, developed their own film aim and began to adapt popular online stories for movies. With big data, more accurate marketing skills can target specific audiences to satisfy their personal preferences. Yet the development of online cinemas may pose threats to the survival of offline ones. Now the film industry is exploring more advanced film screening technologies to provide audiences with an improved movie experience.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。随着改革开放的发展，中国电影业也取得了显著的成就，成为经济增长形势下的一道繁荣景象。中国电影业通过电影媒介记录了中国过去几十年的社会变化，并且在不断地发展、创新。
5．Which threat did the Chinese film market face in the late 1980s?
A．Popularity of televisions.
B．Development of online cinemas.
C．A slowdown in economic growth.
D．Introduction of overseas movies.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“However, televisions and other entertainment activities sprang up in the late 1980s and drew many audiences away from movies when the film market faced a danger.”可知，中国电影业在20世纪80年代末期因电视和其他娱乐活动的突然兴起而面临威胁，故选项A正确。
6．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The space of Chinese movies.
B．The Chinese film industry.
C．The socialist market economy.
D．The introduction of reform and opening up.
B 解析：代词指代题。由上文的“when the film market faced a danger” “The employment of a socialist market economy in China in 1992 brought energy again to the film industry.”和下文中的“China began to introduce overseas movies into the home market” “Chinese movies with increasingly higher quality have gained a firm
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foothold”可推知，画线词指代“the Chinese film industry”。
7．What does the author indicate in the end?
A．Online cinemas will replace traditional ones sooner.
B．The film screening technology is the key to films’ success.
C．The Internet is a twoedged sword for the film industry.
D．Movies made by Tencent and Alibaba are most successful.
C 解析：推理判断题。综合分析最后一段中的“The development of the Internet has added new energy to the Chinese film industry.”和“Yet the development of online cinemas may pose threats to the survival of offline ones.”可知，互联网的发展对电影产业的发展有利有弊，故选C项。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
A．The Everchanging Film Market
B．Popular Online Films
C．Advanced Film Technologies
D．Flourishing Chinese Film Industry
D 解析：标题归纳题。由文章的首句“Along with...the Chinese film industry has also made remarkable achievements and become in a flourishing(繁荣的) state in economic growth.”及全文的叙述即可概括文章主旨为中国电影业的繁荣发展，故选项D最适合作文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·河北九校联考)As a young girl I dreamed of being a dancer, so my parents let me attend dance classes when I was in first grade. But I __1__knew the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情)．..
I was a part of dance teams where I learned to dance in __2__ styles such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on. Due to my talent and hard work, I quickly __3__ in the teams. However, these classes became too __4__ for my parents when I was 13, leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years. I knew we were not __5__ then, so I had no complaint.
__6__ I was not taking dance classes, I used what I learned in __7__ classes to keep my flexibility and develop my dancing skills. Throughout this time my __8__ for dancing helped me learn how to be a(n) __9__ as I coached myself, taught my sisters and __10__ my own shows for my family. With the time and hard work in the four years when I __11__ to take dance classes, I was able to be __12__ to my high school dance
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team.
Over the next three years in the team I __13__ myself to be the best dancer. I managed to involve myself in every dance __14__； I also struggled with many __15__. During the first year on the team both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of __16__. However, my second competition season __17__ patellar tendinitis(肌腱炎) in my knees, which __18__ disturbs me constantly till today. Even so, I was able to become a co－captain of the team and lead them to __19__ the first national championship title in the __20__ of the team!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她学习舞蹈的经历，字里行间透露的是作者的毅力和决心。
1．A.really B．merely
C．suddenly D．barely
D 解析：根据But的转折和后面的内容“the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情)”可知，此处应用一个表示否定意义的副词，表示作者不知道接下来几年的舞蹈学习会教会她这么多。barely“几乎不，几乎没有”，符合语境。
2．A.various B．latest
C．unique D．classical
A 解析：根据下文的“such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on”可知，作者学跳各种风格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“独特的”；classical“古典的”。
3．A.worked out B．took out
C．came out D．stood out
D 解析：根据上文的“Due to my talent and hard work”可知，由于作者既有天分又勤奋，她很快在舞蹈队里脱颖而出。work out“锻炼身体，计算出”；take out“拿出，提取”；come out“出版，盛开”；stand out“出色，显眼”。
4．A.deadly B．strange
C．costly D．valuable
C 解析：根据下文的“leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years”可知，此处表示因为舞蹈课的费用非常高，父母无力支付，因此作者停止了舞蹈学习。costly是形容词，表示“昂贵的”。
5．A.happy B．content
C．comfortable D．secure
C 解析：根据上文作者的父母无力支付作者舞蹈学习费用的内容和下文的“so I had no complaint”可知，此处表示作者知道家里并不宽裕，
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因此她并不抱怨父母。happy“幸福的”；content“满足的”；comfortable“宽裕的，富裕的”；secure“安全的，牢靠的”。
6．A.Now that B．Even though
C．As though D．Just when
B 解析：根据主句“I used what I learned...develop my dancing skills”可以推断出，该空所在的从句是让步状语从句，故用Even though“尽管”。
7．A.new B．primary
C．previous D．final
C 解析：根据上文可知，作者这几年没有上正规的舞蹈课，由此推断她用以前学到的舞蹈知识来进行练习。new“新的”；primary“主要的，基本的”；previous“先前的”；final“最终的”。
8．A.energy B．admiration
C．appreciation D．enthusiasm
D 解析：根据上文可知，在不能上舞蹈课的情况下，作者还在坚持跳舞，由此可以推断出她对舞蹈饱含热情。energy“精力”；admiration“钦佩，羡慕”；appreciation“感激”；enthusiasm“热情”。
9．A.instructor B．performer
C．partner D．contributor
A 解析：根据下文的“coached myself, taught my sisters”可知，对跳舞的热情帮助作者学习做一个指导者。instructor“教练，导师”；performer“表演者”；partner“伙伴，同伴”；contributor“投稿人，捐献者”。
10．A.spoke about B．backed up
C．made up D．put on
D 解析：根据“my own shows for my family”可知，作者为家人表演节目。put on“上演”。
11．A.attempted B．failed
C．chose D．intended
B 解析：根据第二段的最后两句可知，作者四年间没有上正规的舞蹈课，再联系本句中的“in the four years”可知，fail to do sth.“未做某事”符合语境。attempt“尝试”；choose“选择”；intend“打算，计划”。
12．A.admitted B．addicted
C．adapted D．applied
A 解析：根据下一段内容可知，作者成为校舞蹈队的成员，因此这里指作者被校舞蹈队录取。be admitted to“被……录取”。
13．A.considered B．pushed
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C．warned D．expected
B 解析：根据下文的“I managed” “I also struggled” “I was able to become a co－captain of the team and lead them”可知，此处表示在校舞蹈队期间，作者督促自己做该队中最优秀的队员。push sb. to be/do...表示“督促某人成为……/做……”。consider“认为”；warn“告诫”；expect“期望”。
14．A.examination B．campaign
C．activity D．trial
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者努力参与每一项校舞蹈队的舞蹈活动(activity)。
15．A.injuries B．goals
C．disagreements D．desires
A 解析：根据下文的脚踝受伤、肌腱炎可知，在跳舞过程中作者曾多次受伤(injuries)。
16．A.recovery B．practice
C．suffering D．learning
A 解析：根据上文的“both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of”可推断出，此处指作者脚踝受伤之后花费数月恢复，故选recovery“恢复，康复”。practice“训练”；suffering“痛苦”；learning“学习”。
17．A.cured B．caused
C．defeated D．fought
B 解析：根据上下文可知，第二个舞蹈赛季导致(caused)作者患肌腱炎。
18．A.just B．also
C．yet D．still
D 解析：根据下文的“disturbs me constantly till today”可知，此处应表示这直至今天还困扰着作者，故用still。
19．A.approach B．understand
C．win D．keep
C 解析：即便有这么多伤痛，作者还是成功带领校舞蹈队赢得了校舞蹈队历史上第一个全国冠军头衔。根据句中的“national championship title”可知，此处用win。win the...title表示“获得……冠军头衔”。
20．A.organization B．history
C．charge D．imagination
B 解析：参见上题解析。
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是李华，你所在的学校的美国交流生David邀请你周末跟
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他朋友一起去露营。但是你舅舅一家周末要来你们家，所以你不能前往，请你给David写封道歉信。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
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Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__David，
How are you？Thank you for your invitation to go hiking and camping with your friends this weekend.Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your friends, because my uncle is visiting us this weekend. I haven’t seen my cousin for a long time so I think I’d better stay at home and show my cousin around.
I feel terribly sorry for missing such a happy gettogether, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.With my sincere apology and thanks for your generosity, please send my regards to your friends.
Yours，
Li__Hua
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