2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Healthyeating课后达标检测 人教版必修3 7页

1 Unit 2 Healthy eating (建议用时：35 分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2020· 绵 阳 诊 断 )We are what we eat. That is an old expression, but one worth knowing. A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. But which areas of the world have the best diets? Researchers found that foods in some of the healthiest diets—Mediterranean diet, New Nordic diet, Japanese diet and French diet—may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat. Mediterranean diet contains lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil. The diet has proper amounts of fish and poultry(家禽肉). Red meat and foods high in sugar and salt are not big parts of this diet. New Nordic diet has whole grains like oats and rye, vegetables such as carrots, broccoli and eggs, seafood, fruits, oil, lowfat milk and cheese. Sugary desserts are not common in this diet. Japanese people are some of the longest living people on the planet, with women up to 87 years old and men up to 80. The Japanese diet is the reason for such lengths of life. The diet has many foods that are low in calories and high in nutrients. Japanese people eat a lot of seaweed, tofu, rice, vegetables and fish. The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full. However, French people eat fatty foods but do not get fat. And they live a long time. This phenomenon is called the “French Paradox”. The reason why the French eat fatty foods without getting fat may be simple. They eat less. Serving sizes in French restaurants and of products sold in stores are smaller than those in most countries. And generally speaking, most French people do not snack. This means they do not eat food between meals. 【解题导语】 本文介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。 1．What do we know about the healthiest diets around the world? A．They contain abundant calories. 2 B．They tend to be expensive. C．They share certain similarities. D．They reflect popular tastes. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat”可知，尽管有不同之处，但世界上最健康的饮食都使用很多当地的和时令 的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜及更少的红肉。由此可知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相 似之处，故选 C 项。 2．What is considered as a harmful eating habit in Japanese tradition? A．Going low in calories. B．Eating to the fullest. C．Having much seafood. D．Picking many foods. B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.”可知，日本的传统是吃八成饱。由此可推知，吃 得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯，故选 B 项。 3．How does the author develop the central idea in the last 4 paragraphs? A．By building connections. B．By exploring reasons. C．By listing examples. D．By analyzing figures. C 解析：写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文 后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。 4．Which can be the most suitable title for the text? A．What Is the Healthiest Diet on Earth? B．How Does the Old Expression Serve? C．Why Is a Healthy Diet So Important? D．Where Can We Feed Ourselves Well? A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。故 A 项作为文章标题最合适。 【难句分析】 A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. 分析：本句是主从复合句。句中 that 引导宾语从句，作 shows 的宾语；who 引导定语 从句，修饰先行词 people。 3 译文：最近一项对世界各地的饮食的研究表明，吃健康食物的人——且不吃过量——会 活得更久。 B (2020·洛阳统考)There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage(传统) through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了食物和文化之间的联系。 5．What’s the function of food mentioned in the text? A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity. C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是第二、三句“On an individual level, 4 we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are.”，再 根据第二段的内容，尤其是第二句“It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”可知，文章中提到的食物的作用是显示国家身份。 6．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture. C．A traditional expression of food. D．The oldfashioned taste. A 解析：代词指代题。通读第二段可知，传统食物是文化的一个重要部分，它显示了 文化身份，移民不管去哪儿都带着它，它象征着对自己文化的骄傲，也是应对乡愁的方法。 由此可推知，it 指代传统食物。 7．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. C．To make the dishes popular among customers. D．To present their own food culture in a new way. C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是第四、五句“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers.”可知，移民不仅把菜 肴卖给来自相同国家的人，还卖给其他国家的人。为了使菜肴受到顾客的欢迎，一些移民不 得不改变传统的菜肴。 8．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures? A．Negative. B．Balanced. C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable. B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是第一句“We should embrace our heritage(传统) through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food.”可知，我们应该通过我们文化的食物来接受我们的传统， 但也应该通过尝试其他文化的食物来了解更多文化。由此可推知，作者对不同的食物文化持 客观公正的态度。 【难句分析】 It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. 分析：本句中 It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；“that each dish has...who prepare it”是 that 引导的宾语从句，从句中含有“介词＋which”引导的定语 5 从句和 who 引导的定语从句，who 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 those。 译文：重要的是要记住，每一道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，而且对于烹 饪它的人来说也是特别的。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2020·湖北八校联考)In the super fast paced world we live in, happiness may not come as easily as we wish. Here are some tips to make us live happily. Don’t avoid or ignore negativity. 1．________ This can include people in your life who may be bringing you down, a hostile workplace environment or even a personal stressor that you haven’t conquered quite yet. You are in control of your environment and if these negative situations keep making an appearance, it’s up to you to handle them. Take care of yourself and your needs. In order to live a powerful and meaningful life, you must love yourself. Take care of your actions and how you live each day, and this will be reflected in your thoughts and emotional state of mind. 2.________ Mend what’s broken or get rid of it. Determining what is worth your time and effort and what is not can be challenging. If situations are beyond repair, it’s time to let go. Are there relationships or friendships that remain damaged but you know are worth the time？3.________ Do what you can to find love in situations where it may have be absent in the past. 4．________ Giving our time, energy, love and sometimes money is what life is about. 5.________ My mom taught me a quote she learned in Mexico that stuck with me forever， “Donde comen uno, comen dos.(Where one can eat, two can eat.)” It moves me every time I say it out loud. At the end of the day, no matter what you have you are likely in a position to give something small to someone else who needs it. Don’t hesitate. A．Give back. B．Be positive. C．Fix them and find peace. D．Do more of what makes you happy. E．Love yourself fully in order to love others fully. F．Everything we put out into the world comes back to us. G．In order to conquer and overcome the negativity, you must acknowledge it. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个快乐生活的建议。 6 1．G 解析：根据小标题 Don’t avoid or ignore negativity. 并结合该段内容可推 知，必须先承认消极性才能战胜和克服它。故选 G 项。 2．E 解析：根据该段中的“you must love yourself”以及“Take care of your actions and how you live each day”可推知，E 项“为了充分地爱别人，要完全地爱自 己”符合语境，故选 E 项。 3．C 解析：根据小标题 Mend what’s broken or get rid of it. 以及空前一句可 知，修复那些值得你花时间的关系或友谊，故选 C 项。 4．A 解析：根据文章结构以及空处所在位置可知，空处为段落小标题，该段主要是讲 去付出。故选 A 项。 5．F 解析：根据空前一句可知，生活就是付出我们的时间、精力、爱，有时是金钱， 由此可推知，空处应是讲有付出就会有回报。故选 F 项。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2020· 合 肥 教 学 质 检 )Beijing roast duck, which is honored as by far 1.____________(delicious) dish in the world, has won fame both at home and abroad. Nowadays, an increasing number of 2.____________(foreigner) traveling to Beijing fall in love with 3.____________. Preparing quality roast duck 4.____________(be) a long, complicated process of many steps, from selecting the duck at the beginning to 5.____________(serve) it to the diners at the end. Each step is carefully taken to guarantee the roast duck is attractive in 6.____________(appear), red in color, fragrant, and hot with thin steam when served. In the restaurant, ducks are roasted upon the order of the diners. After a roast duck is ready, it is brought to the diners, in front of 7.____________ a chef will skillfully slice the juicy meat, each piece with well－cooked skin 8.____________(attach). You can dip the slices of duck into sweet sauce(酱), and wrap the meat with some spring onions inside a thin pancake, and only then does one finally take a bite! Normally, the remaining bones of the duck 9.____________(cook) slowly in a closed dish for making delicious soup. All goes well with wine, thus making the dinner 10.____________ unforgettable “full－duck banquet(宴席)”． 【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了具有中国特色的菜肴——北京烤鸭。 1．the most delicious 解析：考查形容词最高级。根据句中的“in the world”和 语境可推知，空处表示最高级的含义，所以填 the most delicious。 2．foreigners 解析：考查名词的单复数。foreigner 是可数名词，且与“an increasing number of”呼应，所以填复数形式 foreigners。 3．it 解析：考查代词。此处用 it 代指上文提到的“Beijing roast duck”。 7 4．is 解析：考查主谓一致和时态。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，且本 句表示客观描述，所以填 is。 5．serving 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据固定词组搭配 from...to...“从…… 到……”可知，此处应填动名词 serving 作介词 to 的宾语。 6．appearance 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子并根据语境可知，空处应为名词，作 介词 in 的宾语，所以填 appearance“外观”。 7．whom 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 “the diners”，空处在从句中作介词短语 in front of 的宾语，故填 whom。 8．attached 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个 with 复合结构， 即“with＋名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词”。动词 attach 和 skin 构成逻辑上的 动宾关系，所以填过去分词形式。 9．are cooked 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，cook 和句子主语 “the remaining bones of the duck”构成被动关系，且此处是对一般情况的陈述，所以 填 are cooked。 10．an 解析：考查冠词。banquet 是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，表泛指，又 unforgettable 的发音以元音音素开头，所以填不定冠词 an。