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高中英语必修2教案:Computers-知识点复习学案

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Computers-知识点复习学案 核心单词 ‎1. common ‎ adj. 共同的,普遍的;常见的 常用结构:‎ in common 共有,公用(在句中多作状语)‎ have nothing/little/a lot/something in common (with) sb.‎ 与某人没有/许多/有些共同之处 in common with 和……一样 common sense/knowledge 常识 common welfare 公共福利 易混辨析 common/ordinary/usual/normal common 指“共有的,公共的;共同的;常见的”。反义词为rare。‎ common作“普通的”讲时可与ordinary换用。如“普通人”也可以说成common people。‎ ordinary 意为“普通的,平淡无奇的”,指没有什么特别的地方。‎ usual 意为“平常的,通常的,一向的”,含惯例之意。‎ normal 意为“正常的”。‎ Jane and I have nothing in common.‎ ‎=I have nothing in common with Jane. ‎ 我与简毫无共同之处。‎ The problems are common to all societies. ‎ 这些问题是所有社会的通病。‎ In common with many young people, he prefers pop songs.‎ 和许多年轻人一样,他喜欢流行歌曲。‎ He is in ordinary clothes. 他穿着平常的衣服。‎ We meet every day at the usual place. ‎ 我们每天在往常那个地方见面。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎ Harry visited the bookstore every week. He became such a customer that the bookseller gave him some books as presents. (2009·12·浙江桐庐检测)‎ A. common B. normal C. usual D. average ‎ 解析:选C。由“Harry visited the bookstore every week”可知,他是常客,含有“习惯,惯例”之意,故选C。‎ ‎2. signal n. 信号;手势;声音;暗号 v. 发信号;用信号传达;用信号与……通讯 A red light is usually a signal for/of danger.‎ 红灯通常是危险的信号。‎ He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu.‎ 他示意服务员把菜单拿过来。‎ 常用结构:‎ signal to sb./sth. for sth. ‎ 用信号传达(某信息);用信号与(某人)通讯 signal with ...用……发信号 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎①铁路的红信号灯亮了,所以火车停下了。‎ ‎②他用红旗传达信号。‎ 答案:①The railway signal was on red, so the train stopped.‎ ‎②He was signalling with a red flag.‎ ‎3. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 算术题 常用结构:‎ in sum 简言之; 总而言之 sum up/sum sth. Up 总结;概括 He was fined the sum of 200$. 他被处以200美元的罚金。‎ The sum of 5 and 3 is 8. 5加3的和是8。‎ To sum up, there are three main ways of solving the problem.‎ 概括起来说,这个问题主要有三种解决办法。‎ 答案:In sum, the plan failed. ‎ ‎4. arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现,发生;起床,起身 A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。‎ Accident arise from carelessness.‎ 疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。‎ He arose at dawn.他黎明即起。‎ 常用结构:‎ arise from/out of 由……引起;由……产生 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎①夜间起风暴了。‎ ‎②由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。‎ 答案:①A storm arose during the night.‎ ‎②Problems have arisen out of the lack of communication.‎ ‎5. anyhow adv.(也作anyway)不管怎样,无论如何;反正;即使如此 联想拓展 somehow adv. 以某种方式, 用某种方法;不知怎么地 somewhat adv.有点,稍微 He told me not to buy it, but I bought it anyhow.‎ 他告诉我不要买它,但不管怎样,我还是买了。‎ It may snow, but anyhow I will go to the town.‎ 可能要下雪,但无论如何我都要进城。‎ We must get the work finished somehow by tomorrow morning.‎ 我们必须设法在明天早上以前把工作做完。‎ Somehow we lost our way.‎ 不知怎么地我们迷路了。‎ My jacket is somewhat like yours.‎ 我的夹克与你那件有点相似。‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 ‎—You don’t seem to be quite yourself today. What’s wrong?‎ ‎—Oh, I’m suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, . (2009·12·安徽舒城检测)‎ A. yet B. indeed C. anyhow D. though ‎(2)完成句子 (原创)‎ ‎①我对这个工作有点厌倦了。‎ I am tired of this work.‎ ‎②不知怎么地,他害怕她。‎ ‎ he was afraid of her.‎ ‎③他无论如何也不能使她信服。‎ He couldn’t convince her .‎ 解析: (1) 选D。此处表达“转折”,意思是“然而”。‎ ‎(2)①somewhat ②Somehow ③anyhow ‎6. personally adv. 就个人而言;亲自 联想拓展 personally意为“就个人而言”时的同义短语:‎ in my opinion as far as I’m concerned in my view for my part as far as I can see from my point of view ‎ for my perspective The owner of the hotel welcomed us personally. ‎ 这家旅馆的主人亲自接待了我们。‎ Personally (speaking), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree. ‎ 就个人而言, 我认为他是个很好的人, 但也许你不这么认为。‎ 高手过招 完成句子 (原创)‎ ‎①She said she didn’t like Tom, but (就个人而言), I thought he was an honest boy, though sometimes careless.‎ ‎② (幸好), the planes appear to be quite safe.‎ ‎③ (自然地),their ideas are important to everyone in the country.‎ ‎④ (高兴的是) for him, his stepmother was kind to him.‎ ‎⑤ (出人意料的), he failed the exam.‎ 答案: ①personally ②Luckily/Fortunately ‎③Naturally ④Happily ⑤Surprisingly ‎ ‎7. goal n. 球门;(进球)得分;目标;目的 常用结构:‎ score/kick a goal 踢进一球;得一分 keep goal 守球门 life goal/one’s goal in life 生活目标 achieve/realize one’s goal 实现目标 He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门 We won by three goals to one.我们以三比一获胜。‎ You’d better set a goal before you start.‎ 开始前,你最好设定一个目标。‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 (原创)‎ ‎①他已经实现了他的目标。‎ ‎②我的人生目标是帮助他人。‎ 答案:①He has achieved his goal. ‎ ‎②My goal in life is to help others.‎ 重点短语 ‎8. in a way 在某种程度上(表示对情况的态度)‎ 联想拓展 in a way=in one way=in some ways in the way 挡道;造成阻碍 in one way 在某方面 in some ways 在某些方面 in no way 决不,无论如何都不(位于句首时构成倒装)‎ on ones way to在去……的路上 by the way顺便说一下 in any way在任何方面 in every way在各方面 give way (to sb./sth.)屈服;让步 lose ones way 迷路 ‎(there is) no way 不可能;没门 by way of 经过;经由 in the way和in one’s way两个短语含义相同,都含“挡住去路;碍事”之意。‎ In a way, it’s kind of nice to be studying alone.‎ 在某种程度上讲,独自一个人学习相当不错。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 I can’t see the word on the blackboard. Your head is . (原创)‎ A. on the way B. in a way ‎ C. by the way D. in the way 解析:选D。in the way和in one’s way均表示“挡住去路;碍事”之意。故D项符合句意。‎ ‎9. go by 经过;(时间)过去;依照,靠……判断 联想拓展 go against 违背;对……不利 ‎ go without 勉强维持,凑合;没有……而将就 go in for 爱好;参加;从事 ‎ go over 复习;仔细审查 ‎ go ahead 进行;发生;(尤指经某人允许)开始做 go through 通过;经历,经受;查看,调查 go out 出去;熄灭 go off 离开,出发;爆发,突然响起;停止;熄灭 go up 上升 go down 下降 He went by his teacher without even a greeting.‎ 他从老师身边经过时连声招呼也没打。‎ As time went by/With time going by, he has changed a lot.随着时光流逝,他已经改变了许多。‎ Don’t go by that old map—it has been out of date.‎ 别参照那张旧地图,它已经过时了。‎ You can’t always go by appearances.‎ 你不能总是凭外表来判断。‎ 高手过招 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 (原创)‎ go in for/go off/go through/go without ‎①The new law did not .‎ ‎②I am an entrance examination next year.‎ ‎③There’s no money for a holiday this year; we’ll just have to . ‎ ‎④He didn’t wake up even though the alarm .‎ 答案:①go through ②going in for ‎③go without ④went off ‎10. as a result 结果,因此 联想拓展 as a result of 由于……;作为……的结果 as a consequence 结果 in consequence 结果 in consequence of 由于 result from由……引起;由于(意思等同于lie in)‎ result in结果;导致(意思等同于lead to)‎ He made a big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job. ‎ 他犯了个大错,结果丢了工作。‎ He didn’t pass the exam as a result of his carelessness.‎ 他由于粗心而没有通过考试。‎ His success results from his hard work. ‎ 他的成功源于自身的努力。‎ Acting before thinking always results in failure. ‎ 做事之前不加考虑总会导致失败。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 He fell the bike and broke his leg as . ‎ ‎ (2009·12·山西大同检测)‎ A. down; result B. off; a result ‎ C. onto; a result of D. to; a result of ‎ ‎(2)完成句子 (原创)‎ ‎①由于大雪,他迟到了。‎ He was late the heavy snow. ‎ ‎②因此,我们不得不给菜地浇水。‎ ‎ , we have to water the vegetable garden.‎ ‎③他考试不及格是由于粗心造成的。‎ His failure in the exam his carelessness. ‎ ‎④这场意外事故造成两人死亡。‎ The accident the death of two people. ‎ 解析:(1) 选B。fall off意思是“从……上掉下来”;as a result的意思是“因而;结果”。‎ ‎(2)①as a result of ②As a result ‎③resulted from ④resulted in ‎11. make up 化妆;化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等)‎ 联想拓展 make up for 补偿 be made up of=consist of 由……组成 make for 有利于做成某事,‎ ‎ 有助于做成某事;走向;冲向 make it 及时赶到;成功 make it up 和解;讲和 make known 使知晓;传达 make out 理解;懂得;辨认出 She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party.‎ 她在聚会前用了一个小时化妆。‎ Stop making things up! ‎ 不要胡编了!‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people the largest percentage of its population, so you can speak Chinese there. ‎ ‎ (2009·12·河北保定检测)‎ A. make up B. take up C. hold up D. turn up ‎ ‎(2)完成句子 (原创)‎ ‎①讲究卫生有助于身体健康。‎ Cleanliness good health. ‎ ‎②我们需要50美元以补足所需要的数目。‎ We need $50 to the sum required. ‎ ‎③那位经理的字迹很难辨认。‎ It was difficult to the manager’s handwriting. ‎ 解析: (1) 选A。考查短语辨析。make up意为“编造,弥补,组成,构成”;take up意为“拿起来,占据(时间或空间)”;hold up 意为“阻止”;turn up意为“开大,调高,出现”。‎ ‎(2)①makes for ②make up ③make out ‎12. after all 毕竟,终究 联想拓展 at all 根本,完全;到底,究竟;既然 not at all 一点也不 in all 总共,共计 above all 首先;最重要的是 first of all 首先 all in all 总之 Don’t get discouraged by setbacks, we are new to the work after all.‎ 别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们不熟悉这项工作。‎ He did come after all. 他终究还是来了。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings; , it caused 20 deaths.‎ ‎ (2009·12·山西平遥检测)‎ A. or else B. therefore ‎ C. after all D. besides ‎②I’d like to buy a house—modern, comfortable, ‎ and in a quiet neighbourhood. ‎ ‎ (2009·11·宁夏银川检测)‎ A. in all B. above all ‎ C. after all D. at all 解析: ①选D。由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“另外,除此之外”,只有D项与句意相符。‎ ‎②选B。考查“介词+all”的短语辨析。句意为:我想买一座房子——时尚、舒适,最重要的是社区要安静。in all 总共;above all 最重要的是;after all 毕竟;at all根本。‎ ‎13. deal with ‎ 处理;安排;对付 易混辨析 do with/deal with 表示“怎样处理”时,do with常与连接代词what连用,而deal with常与连接副词how连用。‎ 这两个短语在意思上有细微的差别。一般来说,do with意为“处置;忍受;相处;有关”等。‎ deal with意义很广,意为“对付;应付;处理;安排;论述;涉及;与……打交道/做生意”等。‎ How are you going to deal with the problem? ‎ 你们打算怎样处理这个问题呢?‎ Such man is difficult to deal with. ‎ 这种人不容易相处。‎ I’ve dealt with him for ten years.‎ 我和他做生意已经10年了。‎ This book deals with the Middle East.‎ 这本书是关于中东问题的。‎ He didn’t know what to do with the property his father had left. 他不知道如何处理他父亲留下的财产。‎ I can’t do with the loud noise. 我无法忍受那种噪音。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎①It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows . ‎ ‎ (2009·12·贵州贵阳检测)‎ A. it what to do with B. what to do it with ‎ C. what to do with it D. to do what with it ‎ ‎②He knows to deal with man but when he meets women, he doesn’t know to do. (原创)‎ A. what; how B. what; what ‎ C. how; what D. how; how 解析: ①选C。what to do (with it)为固定结构,意为“如何处理……”,意思等同于how to deal (with it)。“疑问词+不定式”作knows的宾语。‎ ‎②选C。作“对待,处理”讲时,do with 和deal with同义,deal with与how搭配,do with与what搭配。‎ ‎14. watch over 看守;监视;照看 Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim?‎ 我游泳时你能帮我看着我的衣服吗?‎ He felt that God was watching over him.‎ 他感觉到上帝保佑着他。‎ watch out (for) 当心,注意 watch for sb./sth. 观察;等待 keep a watch on 监视 under the close watch 在严密监视下 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 ‎①他们等待着进一步的发展。‎ ‎②小心!汽车来了。‎ 答案: ①They are watching for further developments.‎ ‎②Watch out! There’s a car coming.‎ 重点句型 ‎15. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!‎ 随着时间的推移,我的记忆能力发展得如此之快,就像一头大象一样,我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情!‎ so ...that ...意为 “如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎②such+ a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that-clause ‎ ‎ adj.+复数名词+that-clause ‎ ‎ adj.+不可数名词+that-clause She’s so ill that she can’t get out of bed.‎ 她病得很重,都下不了床了。‎ These are such interesting books that children like to read them. ‎ 这些书很有趣,孩子们喜欢读。‎ 温馨提示 so that 既可以表达结果,又可以表达目的,表目的时相当于in order that。‎ I stopped so that you could catch up.‎ 我停下来以便你能赶得上。‎ ‎“so ...that ...”结构中的“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时,主句要倒装。‎ So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.‎ 他工作那么努力,几乎不回家。‎ ‎“such ...as ...”中的as引导的是一个定语从句。 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 ‎—What a beautiful day!‎ ‎—Yes, it’s that I’d like to take a walk. ‎ ‎ (2009·12·陕西西安检测)‎ A. such nice weather B. so a nice weather C. too nice weather D. nice weather so 解析:选A。因为此处weather是中心词,但它为不可数名词,所以不能加冠词。 ‎

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