2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Workingtheland课后达标检测 人教版必修4 7页

Unit 2 Working the land ‎(建议用时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·沈阳高三质监)China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing the grain.‎ Now they’re celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.‎ China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.‎ ‎“Probably only a small part of the world’s saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice，but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.‎ Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.‎ Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.‎ A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and waterpoor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”‎ Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high，it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。‎ 7‎ ‎1．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?‎ A．The increase of rice consumers.‎ B．The high cost of rice producing.‎ C．The land shortage of rice growing.‎ D．The severe pollution of fresh water.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change...to look for new ways of growing the grain.”可知，适合种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。‎ ‎2．Yuan’s team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ________．‎ A．China B．Dubai C．Latin America D．North Africa B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Starting from January...have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”和第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。‎ ‎3．What can be inferred from the text?‎ A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.‎ B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.‎ C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.‎ D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。‎ ‎4．What is the author’s attitude to the ricegrowing experiment?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Positive.‎ C．Critical. D．Disappointed.‎ B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。‎ B ‎(2020·重庆一中高三月考)A largescale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer. If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising ‎ 7‎ preventative strategy against diseases, a team of researchers from several French institutions said.‎ Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides(杀虫剂) from farming. The impact of such chemicals on the human body is still not well understood, but there are some indications that harmful effects can occur even at low concentrations.‎ Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly. Organic food is produced without the use of synthetic(合成的) fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and veterinary(兽医的) medications.‎ ‎“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides，” Julia Baudry, lead author of the study from the Centre of Research in Epidemiology(流行病学) and Statistics in France, told Newsweek.‎ ‎“In the general population, the primary route of exposure is the diet, especially intake of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables. However, few studies have examined the association between organic food consumption and cancer risk.”‎ For the study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68，946 French adults collected by an ongoing survey which began in 2009. They then followed up these people at various points in the future.‎ Participants reported how often (never, occasionally or most of the time) they consumed 16 types of organic foods including fruits, vegetables, soybased products, dairy products, meat and fish, eggs, grain and legumes, bread and cereals, flour, vegetable oils and condiments, readytoeat meals, coffee, tea and herbal tea, wine, biscuits, chocolate, sugar and so on.‎ ‎【解题导语】　一项研究发现，食用有机食品与降低患癌风险之间存在联系。如果新的研究结果被证实的话，提倡食用有机食品是一种很有发展前景的预防疾病的策略。‎ ‎5．What is the finding of the study?‎ A．Processed food consumption may lead to an increased risk of cancer.‎ B．Promoting organic food consumption may help to prevent diseases.　‎ C．Organic food consumption can help cure cancer in a short time.‎ D．Eating a diet based on organic food may lead to the risk of cancer.‎ 7‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases...”可知，该研究发现食用有机食品可能会帮助人们预防疾病。故选B项。‎ ‎6．Why is organic food becoming popular nowadays?‎ A．Organic food never contains harmful chemicals.‎ B．Organic food market continues to grow rapidly.‎ C．People care about environment and health issues.‎ D．Organic food is produced in a clean environment.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.”可知，现在有机食品流行是因为人们关注环境与健康问题。故选C项。‎ ‎7．Which of the following is the advantage of organic food?‎ A．Organic food never contains harmful pesticide remains.‎ B．Organic food is less likely to be exposed to some pesticides.‎ C．Different types of pesticides won’t affect organic food.‎ D．Organic food won’t be influenced by outside environment.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides”可知，有机食品含有杀虫剂残留物的可能性低于传统食品，研究还表明有机食品可降低受某些杀虫剂影响的程度。故选B项。‎ ‎8．What might the article go on describing after the last paragraph?‎ A．The researching process of the study.‎ B．The disadvantages of organic food.‎ C．The bright future of organic food.‎ D．Other researches on organic food.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。最后一段介绍了研究的参与者报告他们食用16种不同类型的有机食品的频率，下一步应该是对实验数据进行研究，即实验的研究过程。A项意为“这项研究的研究过程”；B项意为“有机食品的缺点”；C项意为“有机食品光明的未来”；D项意为“其他关于有机食品的研究”。故选A项。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·安徽重点中学模拟)‎ Making Your Way Through the Lunchroom What’s everyone’s favorite period? Lunch, what else? 1.________， if foods 7‎ ‎ like pizza, or cheeseburgers(奶酪汉堡) are in front of you when you’re most hungry. Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep you focused and active throughout the day.‎ ‎2．________. If your school cafeteria provides a weekly or monthly menu, check it out. Knowing what’s on the menu puts you in control. You can pick and choose when you want to buy lunch and when you want to bring your own.‎ Head for the salad bar. 3.________. If you’d rather pack, consider adding carrot sticks, a piece of fresh fruit, or purple cabbage to your lunch bag.Do remember not to put too much salad dressing.‎ Take the energy into consideration. Some foods are better choices than others for obtaining energy during the day. Choose lowfat foods, like chicken, beans, or lowfat milk products and add lots of fruits and vegetables to your meal. 4.________. Foods, like sugary snacks(小吃) or French fries, may give you a quick rush of energy but it’s not lasting—which means you’ll be left wanting more soon after you eat.‎ Stop for a snack. You can’t concentrate without a wellfed mind and body. So take along a healthy snack, like carrot sticks, to fight hunger between classes. 5.________．‎ A．Get a copy of the menu B．Make a menu for your school cafeteria C．But it can be hard to make healthy choices D．If your school offers one, take advantage of it E．You may take away whatever you get interested in F．It will keep you going and help avoid overeating when mealtime arrives G．They’ll provide the minerals you need and the energy to get through the day ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，作者就如何在学校选择合适的食物提出了建议。‎ ‎1．C　解析：根据下文的“Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep...the day.”可知，之所以作者给读者提出建议，是因为这些食物如果摆在饥饿的读者面前，读者很难作出健康的选择，因此选C项。‎ ‎2．A　解析：后一句中作者建议查看学校餐厅提供的每周或每月的菜单，这样有助于提前作出决定，因此这里指得到一份菜单，故选A项。虽然B项也提到菜单，但是“你给学校餐厅提供菜单”不符合实际情况和语境。‎ ‎3．D　解析：本段的主题句是“Head for the salad bar.”，D项正是建议你利用学校的沙拉售货台。故选D项。‎ ‎4．G 7‎ ‎　解析：本段的主题句说明了选择食物时要考虑食物所能提供的能量。前一句表明“选择低脂肪的食物，如鸡肉、豆类或低脂奶制品，并在食物中加入大量的水果和蔬菜”，G项中的They指的是上文提到的这些食物，同时也阐述了这些食物含有身体需要的矿物质和能量。‎ ‎5．F　解析：由上文的“take along a healthy snack...to fight hunger between classes”可知，吃一些健康的零食能够缓解饥饿，补充体力，F项中的“It”指代前面的“a healthy snack”，因此F项符合此处语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·太原阶段测评)In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, 1.____________ is the result of the 2.____________(compete) with online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the 3.____________(big) privatelyowned bookstore chains in China, may serve 4.____________ a great example.‎ ‎5．____________(found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to 6.____________(sell) books, but combines the functions of the bookstore, cafe and the sale of 7.____________(create) cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also 8.____________(able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so 9.____________ is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.‎ So far, the government 10.____________(offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国实体书店的现状及西西弗书店的发展历程。‎ ‎1．which　解析：考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导该从句。‎ ‎2．competition　解析：考查词性转换。根据语境以及空前的定冠词“the”可推知，此处应用compete的名词形式competition，表示“竞争”。‎ ‎3．biggest　解析：考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“one of the”和空后的“bookstore chains in China”及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形式。‎ ‎4．as　解析：考查固定用法。serve as“适合作……用”为固定用法，‎ 7‎ 此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。‎ ‎5．Founded　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，found与其逻辑主语Sisyphe之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。‎ ‎6．selling　解析：考查非谓语动词。devote onself to sth.“致力于某事”中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填selling。‎ ‎7．creative　解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative修饰其后的“cultural products”，表示“创造性的文化产品”。‎ ‎8．enables　解析：考查动词的时态、主谓一致及词性转换。它也使人们能够享受阅读和饮用咖啡的时光。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。‎ ‎9．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。‎ ‎10．has offered　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。so far为现在完成时的标志，且根据语境可知，offer与其主语the government为主动关系，所以此处应填has offered。‎ 7‎