2019届二轮复习短文改错解题技巧课件课件（89张） 89页

2019 届二轮复习短文改错解题指导 浙江三年考情分析 1 (2013· 浙江高考 ) 下面短文中有 10 处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加 : 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧), 并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除 : 把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。 修改 : 在错的词下划一横线 , 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。 注意 :1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 ; 2. 只允许修改 10 处 , 多者 ( 从第 11 处起 ) 不计分。 Dear Diary, Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week?Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained, “He was lucky to find other one. ”His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love in the world. To make matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie. Tomorrow is first day of school. I am awfully tiring, but I know I’ll never fall sleep. Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. Yours, Rosemary 答案： Dear Diary, Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week? Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained, “He was lucky to find other one. ” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love in the moved another classmates and world. To make matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie. Tomorrow is ∧ first day of school. I am awfully tiring, but I know I’ll never fall sleep. Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend. Yours, Rosemary worse the/my tired asleep are 1. 【 解析 】 第一句中去掉 far 。距我们农舍 350 英里外，前面有具体的数字，不用 far 。 2. 【 解析 】 第二句中 move→moved 。由 last week 判定此处用一般过去时。 3. 【 解析 】 第三句中 other→another 。此处句意为“他幸运地又找到了一份工作”，故用 another 。 4. 【 解析 】 第四句中 classmate→classmates 。同班同学是可数名词，所以用复数。 5. 【 解析 】 第四句中 or→and 。此处不是选择关系而是并列关系，所以用 and 。 6. 【 解析 】 第五句中 bad→worse 。固定搭配，意思是“更糟的是 …… ” 。 7. 【 解析 】 第六句中 is 后加 the/my 。此处 first day 前缺乏限定词。 8. 【 解析 】 第七句中 tiring→tired 。我感到疲乏极了，不是令人疲乏的。 9. 【 解析 】 第七句中 sleep→asleep 。固定短语，此处用形容词 asleep 。 10. 【 解析 】 第八句中 is→are 。此处主语是 you, 故用 are 。 2 （ 2013· 新课标全国卷 Ⅰ ） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 答案： I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. hold passed I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, ∧ he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates well/clearly shoulders to/into him and away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. when ever 1. 【 解析 】 第二句的 holding →hold 。此处是 used to 表示“过去常常”，后面接动词原形。 2. 【 解析 】 第三句的 passes →passed 。根据句中的 I was only four 可知，此处讲的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。 3. 【 解析 】 第五句的 much →well/clearly 。根据下文的描述可知，作者对自己的祖父记忆犹新。所以把 much 改为 well/clearly 。 4. 【 解析 】 第六句的 shoulder→ shoulders 。 shoulder 是可数名词，人有双肩，所以用复数形式。 5. 【 解析 】 第六句的 toward→ to/into 。 turn from A to/into B 表示“由一种状况转为另一种状况”。 6. 【 解析 】 第七句的 himself →him 。此处指深沉的声音使他和其他人不同。 7. 【 解析 】 第七句的第二个 he 前面加 and 。 he was strong and powerful 和 He had a deep voice 是并列关系。 8. 【 解析 】 去掉第八句的 a 。 In fact 是固定短语，表示“事实上”。 9. 【 解析 】 第八句的 during →when 。 during 是介词，不能引导状语从句， when 是连词，可以引导状语从句，从句中的动词既可是短暂性动词也可是延续性动词。此处需要表示时间的连词，所以用 when 。 10. 【 解析 】 第九句的 never →ever 。此处表示他是我认识的最温和的人。由此可知用 ever 。 3 （ 2013· 新课标全国卷 Ⅱ ） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800’s. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain( 瓷器 ) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry. 答案： The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800’s. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of ∧ day. Interesting, Having which became Interestingly the it had a connection by the British porcelain( 瓷器 ) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry. with/to drunk cups growth 1. 【 解析 】 第一句中“ I’m reading” 作定语修饰 The book ， read 为及物动词，所以去掉介词 of 。 2. 【 解析 】 第三句中 Have 改为 Having 。 provides 前为主语，应用动名词形式。 3. 【 解析 】 第三句中 that 改为 which 。逗号后为非限制性定语从句， that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 4. 【 解析 】 第四句中 becomes 改为 became 。根据下文可知应用一般过去时。 5. 【 解析 】 第四句中 day 前加定冠词 the 。 6. 【 解析 】 第五句中 Interesting 改为 Interestingly 。位于句子开头，修饰整个句子，应用副词。 7. 【 解析 】 第五句中 by 改为 with/to 。 have a connection with/to 表示“与 …… 有联系”。 8. 【 解析 】 第六句 drank 改为 drunk 。应用被动语态， drink 的过去分词形式为 drunk 。 9. 【 解析 】 第七句 cup 改为 cups 。根据文章可知 cup 应用复数形式。 10. 【 解析 】 第八句 grow 改为 growth 。定冠词 the 后应加名词形式， grow 为动词，其名词形式为 growth 。 热点考向 1 名词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 本该用复数名词却用了单数形式 , 或本该用单数名词却使用了复数形式。 (2) 不可数名词前加了冠词 a/an, 或用了复数形式。 2. 突破技巧 : 在解答此类试题时要特别注意可数名词单复数形式与意义的准确理解 , 集体名词与个体名词的用法辨析 , 常用的抽象名词及物质名词具体化的情况及英语中的纯不可数名词 ( 如 weather, fun, luggage, news, furniture 等 ) 。 【 典例 】 1. (2012· 新课标全国卷 )From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. 【 点拨 】 2. (2011· 新课标全国卷 )It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2012· 陕西高考 )The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. 【 解析 】 dish→dishes 。根据前面的不定代词 several 表示几个 , 可知这里的名词用复数形式。 2. (2012· 浙江高考 )I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 【 解析 】 week→weeks 。根据前面的数词 two, 可知后面的名词用复数形式。 热点考向 2 冠词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 单数可数名词前要加冠词。 (2) 不定冠词与定冠词的区别。 (3) 固定短语中冠词的使用错误。 2. 突破技巧 : 解答冠词类的试题 , 首先要通过句意弄清楚空后名词是特指还是泛指。若是不可数名词 , 是否是抽象名词具体化 ; 另外还要掌握一些常见的由不定式或定冠词或者零冠词构成的固定短语。 【 典例 】 1. (2012· 陕西高考 )It is such great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of mine who is going to Beijing. 【 点拨 】 2. (2011· 辽宁高考 )When, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors from outer space was shown on television, there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2012· 浙江高考 )As a result, nobody knew truth. 【 解析 】 truth 前加 the 。根据句意可知前文叙述的真相 , 这里已经提到了属于特指 , 故加 the 。 2. (2011· 新课标全国卷 )I was going to visit a friend there and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. 【 解析 】 long 前加 a 。 holiday 是一个可数名词 , 在 long 前面加 a, 表示一个长假。 热点考向 3 代词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 人称代词 , 物主代词 , 反身代词指代时是否一致。 (2)it 作形式主语、形式宾语或指代时有无缺漏。 2. 突破技巧 : (1) 顺藤摸瓜 , 理清短文中代词的指代关系 , 注意联系上下文。 (2) 系统掌握 it 的各种用法。 (3) 准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。 【 典例 】 1. (2012· 新课标全国卷 )I was happy when the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it. 【 点拨 】 2. (2012· 陕西高考 )It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2010· 陕西高考 )As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt. 【 解析 】 his→her 。当她做这件事时 , 许多茶水溅在了她的 T 恤上。这里表示的是一位女士 , 因此应该把 his 改为 her 。 2. (2010· 四川高考 )And after many attempts, she passed her driving test and told her husband that, to celebrate, he was going to drive him over to France for a holiday. 【 解析 】 he→she 。句子的意思是妻子开车带着丈夫去法国度假 , 所以应该用女士的 she 。 热点考向 4 形容词和副词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 形容词和副词的误用。 (2) 本该用形容词却用名词作表语。 (3) 单音节形容词比较级前用多余的 more 。例如 :more longer 。 (4) 形容词和副词最高级误用。 2. 突破技巧 : (1) 修饰名词要用形容词。 (2) 修饰动词、副词、形容词或整个句子用副词。 (3) 结合语境注意比较级和最高级的使用。 【 典例 】 (2012· 陕西高考 )We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2012· 新课标全国卷 )I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. 【 解析 】 little→less 。根据句意 , 我不得不多一些耐心 , 少一些好斗 , 可知这里用 less, 与 more 对比。 2. (2012· 浙江高考 )Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car. . . 【 解析 】 Unfortunate→Unfortunately 。这里应该用副词修饰整个句子 , 作整个句子的状语 , 因此改为副词。 热点考向 5 动词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 作宾语或状语用的动词不定式缺 to 。 (2) 不及物动词的间接宾语缺少介词。 (3) 及物动词与直接宾语间有多余的介词。 (4) 某些及物动词 , 因词义混淆 , 用了多余的介词或副词。 (5) 某些及物动词的固定词组中 , 直接宾语前用了多余的不定冠词。 (6) 动词时态和语态错用。 (7) 非谓语动词混用。 (8) 主谓不一致。 2. 突破技巧 : (1) 纵观全文或全句 , 明确句中动词所作的句子成分。 (2) 把握好文章的主体时态 , 注意上下文中所用的动词时态的提示及句子中所用的时间状语。 (3) 注意一些用主动形式表示被动含义的动词或短语 , 如 consist of; belong to; date back to; be worth doing 等。 (4) 系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。 (5) 前后联系 , 整体把握。 【 典例 】 1. (2012· 陕西高考 )My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. 【 点拨 】 2. (2012· 新课标全国卷 )Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I could make my toys to last. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2011· 新课标全国卷 )I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last. 【 解析 】 feel→felt 。根据下文中的 could, 前后分句的时态应该一致 , 因此用过去式。 2. (2010· 全国卷 Ⅰ)My teachers have been telling me how great my writing was. 【 解析 】 have→had 。根据后面的宾语从句中的时态 was, 表示过去 , 而前面的分句中的谓语动词 tell 应该是发生在 was 之前的动作 , 应该属于过去的过去 , 所以改为过去完成时。 热点考向 6 介词和介词短语  1. 考查方式 : (1) 介词的含义很多 , 可表示时间、地点、方向、方位、状态、方式、方法、手段等。短文改错时应根据句子意义或上下文检查介词是否用得准确。 (2) 介词在句中不能单独作谓语。 (3) 不该用介词时用了介词 , 如 next year 常写成 in next year 。 (4) 介词与动词组成的词组要多加注意。 2. 突破技巧 : (1) 注意积累语言知识 , 特别是一些固定搭配的记忆。 (2) 强化语法训练 , 分清连词、副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能。 (3) 将语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来。 【 典例 】 (2012· 新课标全国卷 )That’s it. No more toys to you. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2011· 陕西高考 )I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building. 【 解析 】 在 out 后面加 of 。 walk out of 从 …… 中出来 , 是一个固定词组。 2. (2011· 新课标全国卷 )Luckily I had all my money on my pocket. 【 解析 】 on→in 。我把所有的钱都放在了口袋里。 in 表示在 …… 里面 , 而 on 在表面上。 热点考向 7 连词  1. 考查方式 : (1) 并列句缺并列连词。 (2) 名词性从句作主语缺连词 , 或者误用其他连词。 (3) 关系代词、关系副词及从属连词在复合句中的使用是否正确。 (4)and, or, but, so, however, therefore 等词的运用是否正确。 2. 突破技巧 : 短文改错对连词的考查仅限于上下文之间语意的连贯方面。所以在做这类题目时 , 重要的是要读懂上下文 , 搞清楚上下句之间的关系。掌握句式结构 , 把握准语意关系是做好此类试题的关键 , 如并列逻辑关系常见的词有 and, both. . . and. . . , not only . . . but also . . . , as well as 等 ; 转折逻辑关系常见的词有 however, but; 递进逻辑关系常见的词有 what’s more, moreover, besides 等。 【 典例 】 (2012· 浙江高考 )I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. 【 点拨 】 【 跟踪演练 】 1. (2010· 浙江高考 )After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So I didn’t think she looked like Grandma. ”“Neither did I, ”said Mother cheerfully. 【 解析 】 So→But 。根据前后的句意 , 可知这里表示一种转折关系 , 所以应该将 So 改为 But 。 2. (2011· 陕西高考 )I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it. 【 解析 】 but→and/so 。那个时候我没有带着照相机 , 所以我跑回家去拿了。这里是一个递进关系或者因果关系 , 因此 but 改为 and/so 。 1 　　 I bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was such lovely dog, after all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatment at home. Since my husband and I were busy in our work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To our surprised, her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work. With she around, his wife felt so warm and wasn’t in so much pain. I never knew that. That Rose did was really heart-warming. 答案： I bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was such ∧ lovely dog, after all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatment at brought immediately a treated home. Since my husband and I were busy in our work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To our surprised, her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work. With she around, his wife felt so warm and wasn’t in with surprise after her so much pain. I never knew that. That Rose did was really heart-warming. What 1. 【 解析 】 将第一句中的 bring 改为 brought 。 ago 表示过去时。 2. 【 解析 】 将第二句中的 immediate 改为 immediately 。 immediately 表示“一 …… 就 …… ” 。 3. 【 解析 】 在第三句中的 such 后面加上 a 。后面 dog 是可数名词。 4. 【 解析 】 将第六句中的 treating 改为 treated 。 she 与 treat 之间是被动关系。 5. 【 解析 】 将第七句中的 in 改为 with 。 be busy with 固定词组，“忙于 …… ” 的意思。 6. 【 解析 】 将第九句中的 surprised 改为 surprise 。 to one’s + 抽象名词，表示“使某人感到 …… 的是”。 7. 【 解析 】 将第九句中的 thank 后面的 to 去掉。 thank 是及物动词。 8. 【 解析 】 将第十句中的 before 改为 after 。意思是“在 …… 之后”。 9. 【 解析 】 把第十一句中的 she 改为 her 。 with 的复合结构。 10. 【 解析 】 把第十三句中的 That 改为 What 。 what 引导主语从句，并在从句中作 did 的宾语。 2 (2013· 宁波模拟 ) I was a honest child indeed. I didn’t dare to tell lies because of my eyes often let the secret out. I remembered telling a lie to my parents, and I could hard fix eyes on my father’s face, let alone my mother’s eyes. I glanced here and there, up and down nervous. However, after I came to Beijing, I no longer have to worry about my nervous eyes because everything I wanted to speak was sent by letter. I found myself often tell small lies. I wrote “I’m well in Beijing. I enjoy the food selling at the university. And at weekends, I often buy fried chickens or pork to eat. ” 答案： I was a honest child indeed. I didn’t dare to tell lies because of my eyes often let the secret out. I remembered telling a lie to my parents, and I could hard fix ∧ eyes on my father’ s face, let alone my mother’ s eyes. I glanced here and there, up and down nervous. However, after I came to Beijing, I no longer have to worry about my nervous eyes because an hardly my nervously had everything I wanted to speak was sent by letter. I found myself often tell small lies. I wrote “I’ m well in Beijing. I enjoy the food selling at the university. And at weekends, I often buy fried chickens or pork to eat. ” say telling sold chicken 1. 【 解析 】 将第一句中的 a 改为 an 。 honest 是以元音音素开头，需要用 an 。 2. 【 解析 】 将第二句中的 of 去掉。这里是一个原因状语从句。 3. 【 解析 】 将第三句中的 hard 改为 hardly 。 hardly 表示几乎不。 4. 【 解析 】 在第三句的 fix 之后加 my 。 fix one’s eyes on 凝视于 …… 。 5. 【 解析 】 将第四句中的 nervous 改为 nervously 。修饰动词 glance ，用副词。 6. 【 解析 】 将第五句中的 have 改为 had 。全文基本时态是过去时。 7. 【 解析 】 将第五句中的 speak 改为 say 。 speak 一般跟语言， say 后接说话的内容。 8. 【 解析 】 将第六句中的 tell 改为 telling 。作 found 的宾语补足语，表示正在做 …… 。 9. 【 解析 】 将第八句中的 selling 改为 sold 。 the food 与 sell 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。 10. 【 解析 】 将第九句中的 chickens 改为 chicken 。 chicken 作“鸡肉”讲，为不可数名词。 3 What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. It’s a brief or excellent article about credit cards. The author explains what credit cards work. And he also points out the positive and negative aspect for having it. American consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards. However, the use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in world. The key point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company. This protected all the advantages and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards. 答案： What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. It’s a brief or excellent article about credit cards. The author explains what credit cards work. And he also points out the positive and negative aspect for having it. American consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards. However, the and/but how aspects most them use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in ∧ world. The key point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company. This protected all the advantages and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards. is the made protects 1. 【 解析 】 将第二句中的 or 改为 and 或者 but 。此处表示并列关系或者转折关系。 2. 【 解析 】 将第三句中的 what 改为 how 。强调方式状语。 3. 【 解析 】 将第四句中的 aspect 改为 aspects 。前面有积极和消极两个方面。 4. 【 解析 】 将第四句中的 it 改为 them 。指代前面的 credit cards 用复数代词。 5. 【 解析 】 将第五句中的 mostly 改为 most 。 most likely 固定词组，很可能。 6. 【 解析 】 将第六句中的 are 改为 is 。主语是 use ，谓语用单数形式。 7. 【 解析 】 在第六句中的 in 后面加上 the 。 in the world 在世界上。 8. 【 解析 】 将第七句中的 making 改为 made 。 point 与 make 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 9. 【 解析 】 将第七句中的 for 去掉。 pay 后面 amount 作宾语。 10. 【 解析 】 将第八句中的 protected 改为 protects 。全文是一般现在时，且此处 and 连接并列谓语动词，时态应一致。 奏响三部曲　解读短文改错 　　高考英语短文改错的文章多采用记叙文 , 有时也有应用文和议论文。其篇幅长度为 100~120 个词 , 语言材料通常取自学生的作品或类似学生的作品 , 话题多涉及学生身边的事情 , 文章难易程度符合学生的实际水平 , 基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象。 一、初读全文 , 了解大意。 短文改错题的文章较短 , 而且大多数文章很容易读懂。通读时应注意文章用什么时态以及前后使用的人称代词。通读的好处是 : 读后心中有数 , 答题有的放矢。 二、逐句认真阅读并改正其中的错误。 短文改错中常见的错误类型 : 1. 动词形 , 名词数。 (1) 动词主要包括两类错误 , 动词的时态和语态错误 , 以及主谓不一致的错误。 Then the trouble started. We cannot open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. 很显然此句子主时态是一般过去时 , 因此应把 cannot 改为 couldn’t 。 There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening. 原句中 a football game 决定了谓语动词必须用单数 , 所以应该把 were 改为 was 。 (2) 名词主要考查单复数混用。 Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy. “ 年龄多大了”应该为复数形式 , 因此应该把 year 改为 years 。 2. 还要注意形和副。 形容词 / 副词主要考查 : 两者之间是否混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词 , 该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。 (1) 副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中 : During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually. “ 与平时相比更忙” , 因此需要把 usually 改为 usual 。 (2) 形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中 : As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on—get going!” 原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时 , 她开始兴奋地叫道 …… , 显然应把 excited 改为 excitedly, 用来修饰动词 cheer 。 3. 代词格 , 细领悟。 代词主要考查 : 代词是否多余 , 以及与反身代词之间的混用。 (1) 代词多余 :Don’t lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, I’m sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness. lose heart:become discouraged 泄气 ; 丧失勇气 ; 而 lose one’s heart to sb. /sth. :fall in love 爱上 ; 钟情于。原文意思很明显是“别泄气”。所以应该把 your 去掉。一字之差 , 离题千里。 (2) 代词混用 :We were living in a big family. We treated each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out. 应把 them 改为 us; 把 the 后的 other 改为 others 。 (3) 代词遗漏 :A teacher could make classes lively and interesting. 应该在 classes 前加 his, 表示“使他的课堂生动有趣”。 4. 固定搭配要记住。 I have given up smoke. The dog doesn’t like the smell. give up doing sth. 是一个固定搭配。因此动词 smoke 应该改为 smoking 。 5. 非谓语 , 细辨别。 主要表现在三个方面 : 非谓语形式的混淆 , 不定式 to 的遗漏或多用 , 非谓语与谓语动词的混淆。 I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actors. 这里 make 不作谓语 , 应该是非谓语的形式 , 因此改为 making 和后面的构成分词短语作后置定语。 He had time for a proper breakfast and was still the first reach the factory. 在序数词后面往往使用动词不定式作后置定语 , 这里缺少 to, 所以在 reach 前面加 to 。 6. 冠连介要牢记。 (1) 介词主要考查 : 与动词的固定搭配。 介词遗漏 :I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster. get rid of 是固定搭配 , 意思为“摆脱 , 除去”。 介词多余 :My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking. 这里显然是对 because of 与 because 用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子 , 而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把 of 去掉。 介词用错 ( 一般为固定搭配 ):I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’t be sad, Miss. ”pick out 应改为 pick up 。 pick out 挑选的意思 ;pick up 捡起的意思。 (2) 连词主要考查 : 前后两句话之间的衔接关系。常考三种关系 :but 转折 , and 并列 , because 原因。 Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but improve their English if they are talking with native speakers. 前后句之间是并列关系 , 应该把 but 改为 and 。 (3) 冠词主要考查 : 句中冠词是否多余。 冠词多余 :I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o’clock, when the game just began. 原文中应该把第一个 the 去掉。 冠词遗漏 :As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life. at an. . . age 固定搭配词组 , 表示“处于 …… 年龄”。 三、改后复读 , 纠正失误 , 减少差错。 做完短文改错后将答案放回原文 , 再重读全文 , 其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑 , 语句不通顺 , 不符合英语习惯的问题。改后复读 , 可以发现那些在通读与细读中不曾发现的问题或做出的误改。