2021高考英语一轮复习Unit2Workingtheland课时作业 人教版必修4 7页

Unit 2　Working the land Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[2020·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)]China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping, known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing the grain.‎ Now they're celebrating successful efforts to grow rice — in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.‎ China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.‎ ‎“Probably only a small part of the world's saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice, but that would still have a very important effect on food security，”Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.‎ Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.‎ Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.‎ A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water－poor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”‎ Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized. ‎ ‎1．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?‎ A．The increase of rice consumers.‎ B．The high cost of rice producing.‎ - 7 -‎ C．The land shortage of rice growing.‎ D．The severe pollution of fresh water.‎ ‎2．Yuan's team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ________.‎ A．China B．Dubai C．Latin America D．North Africa ‎3．What can be inferred from the text?‎ A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.‎ B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.‎ C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.‎ D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.‎ ‎4．What is the author's attitude to the rice－growing experiment?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Positive.‎ C．Critical. D．Disappointed.‎ B ‎[2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联考]In a long－sleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30－year－old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.‎ ‎“You need more role models，” he said, standing among knee－high rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think，‘Why can't I do that？’”‎ Mr. Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1,500 back in two months.“You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.‎ Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields — a job made tougher by climate change.‎ But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive. Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.‎ Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.‎ - 7 -‎ ‎“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.‎ Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks(外壳)．‎ ‎5．What does “Why can't I do that？” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Why can't I drive to the farm?‎ B．Why can't they farm?‎ C．They follow the example of those farmers.‎ D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.‎ ‎6．What makes it harder for farmers to work?‎ A．Poor land. B．Climate.‎ C．Low income. D．Long working hours.‎ ‎7．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5?‎ A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.‎ B．His chillies are superb in the world.‎ C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.‎ D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.‎ ‎8．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?‎ A．Loans are difficult.‎ B．Most land is uncultivated.‎ C．Crop yields are rather low.‎ D．Farming methods are out of date.‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2020·西安五校联考]After a long day at work, coming home is a breath of fresh air. Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax. __1__ Below are a number of things we can do to create a healthy home environment that will help to ease the workday stress and promote our physical and mental health.‎ Cleaning the house regularly is the first thing we should do. It may seem like a tiring thing to clean but there is a reason for doing so. We can remove dust by cleaning the house. Leaving layers of dust everywhere means that there is a build－up - 7 -‎ ‎ of dust. And where do these layers of dust go? __2__‎ Making sure the rooms are full of sunlight is also important. We may not realize it but sunlight is an important part of our growth. We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions. __3__ Think about using a Parans system where sunlight does not reach. This technology gathers the sunlight by using solar panels(板). It can send out sunlight wherever we are.‎ ‎__4__ Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素) in the air. They also give off oxygen, which can lower stress and improve our moods.‎ Along the lines of being green, it can also be vital to think about what things we are bringing into the house. Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health. __5__ They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in, or simply absorbed through the skin.‎ A．Into our lungs.‎ B．However, is it as healthy as it can be?‎ C．Is our home as comfortable as it used to be?‎ D．The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.‎ E．It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.‎ F．Besides, it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.‎ G．It is acknowledged that a greener lifestyle is linked to better health.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2020·郑州高三第一次质量预测]Chinese researchers have 1.________ (successful) grown and harvested rice in the deserts of Dubai after developing a strain (品种) which 2.________ (allow) the crop to grow in salt water.‎ A team of scientists, 3.________ (lead) by China's “Father of Hybrid Rice”， Yuan Longping, have already started growing the crop in dilute (稀释的) seawater at home and are now bringing the technique to the Middle East.‎ The big harvest of rice last year in the suburbs of Dubai far exceeded scientists' expectations, according to a report by Xinhua News Agency. The high output — 7,500 kilograms per hectare compared with the 4.________ (globe) average of 3,000 kilograms per hectare — has encouraged scientists to expand the project. They 5.________ (plan) to set up a 100hectare experimental farm in Dubai later last year. They will put it into regular use this year and then start expanding after 2020.‎ The Dubai project is cooperation between China's Sea Rice Research and Development Center with the Private Office of Sheikh Saeed Bin Ahmed Al Maktoum. The - 7 -‎ ‎ two parties have signed an 6.________ (agree) to promote seawater rice across the area to reduce the risk of food shortages in the future.‎ While scientists in some countries 7.________ water shortages are a serious concern have been developing desalination (脱盐) techniques to change seawater for use in agriculture, China has been working 8.________ (develop) strains of salt－tolerant rice for the past four decades.‎ Although 9.________ is not yet clear how the Dubai project will be able to secure enough fresh water to dilute seawater 10.________ large－scale rice planting, Chinese scientists have already started growing it closer to home on a commercial scale.‎ 课时作业(十七)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 体裁：说明文　题材：科学研究　主题：寻找种植水稻的新方法 ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。‎ ‎1．C　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二、三句“But, as a result of climate change... to look for new ways of growing the grain”可知，能种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。‎ ‎2．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Starting from January... have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai”和第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。‎ ‎3．B　考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。‎ ‎4．B　考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。‎ B 体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会发展——非洲农业 ‎【语篇解读】　非洲青年Dieudonne Twahirwa从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，获得了巨大的回报。非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业，Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。‎ - 7 -‎ ‎5．C　考查句意理解。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers，they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think，‘Why can't I do that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。‎ ‎6．B　考查细节理解。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside... a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。‎ ‎7．A　考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Some 1,000 farmers now produce chilies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。B项中的superb意为“质量极高的”。‎ ‎8．D　考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。作者就如何营造一个“健康之家”提出了几条建议。‎ ‎1．B　此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，引出“健康之家”的概念，也引出下文提到的如何营造“健康之家”。故B项最佳。‎ ‎2．A　空前是一个问句，A项“进入了我们的肺”能恰当地回答前面的问句“这层层的灰尘去了哪儿？”，前呼后应，故最佳。‎ ‎3．F　空前主要在讲阳光的好处，F项“此外，它(阳光)还能减轻压力和缓解高血压”与此相关。‎ ‎4．E　此处需要一个段落主旨句。Going green是一个关键的信息词，且空后提到消除空气中的毒素，释放氧气，故可判断本段主要讲室内的绿化问题，且E项中的plants正是此段最后一句中They的指代对象。故选E项。‎ ‎5．D　空处前一句讲到“有害塑料”问题，又D项讲到某些地毯和油漆，根据常识可知地毯和油漆可能会含有有害健康的化学物质，与语境符合，故选D项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 体裁：说明文　题材：农业科技　主题：用海水种植水稻 ‎【语篇解读】　中国的研究人员在迪拜已成功种植并收获了一种用海水种植的水稻。‎ ‎1．successfully　考查副词。修饰动词用副词，根据空后的“grown and harvested”可知，此处应用副词successfully。‎ - 7 -‎ ‎2．allows　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故应用一般现在时；空前的“which”引导的是定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代先行词a strain，为第三人称单数，故填allows。‎ ‎3．led　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词lead和其逻辑主语A team of scientists之间为动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。‎ ‎4．global　考查形容词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“average”可知，此处应用形容词global作名词average的定语。‎ ‎5．planned　考查动词的时态。根据本句中的“later last year”可知，此处应用一般过去时，表示发生在过去的动作。‎ ‎6．agreement　考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的“an”可知，此处应用agree的名词形式agreement。‎ ‎7．where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词countries，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以此处应用where来引导该从句。‎ ‎8．to develop　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，过去四十年，中国一直致力于开发抗盐的水稻，此处表示目的，故填to develop。‎ ‎9．it　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式主语，how引导的从句作真正的主语。‎ ‎10．for　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示稀释海水是为了大规模种植水稻，故用介词for“为了”。‎ - 7 -‎