天津市南开区2020届高三英语下学期模拟考试（一）试题（解析版） 25页

2019—2020 学年度第二学期南开区高 三年级模拟考试(一) 英语学科试卷笔试 本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分，共 130 分，考试用时 100 分 钟。第 I 卷 1 至 12 页，第 1I 卷 13 至 16 页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴 考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第 I 卷 注意事项： 1.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 2.本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分。 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节：单项填空(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)” 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.—I don't think smoking will ruin your health as long as you work out regularly. —______! Medical researches show smoking is a stupid and costly way to ruin your health. A. You bet B. Cheers C. Sounds good D. Nonsense 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—我认为只要你经常锻炼，抽烟不会损害你的健康。—胡说! 医学研究表明，吸烟是一种愚蠢而昂贵的损害健康的方式。A. You bet 当然，肯定会；B. Cheers 干杯；C. Sounds good 听起来不错；D. Nonsense 胡说，废话。根据第二个人的回答“医学研究 表明，吸烟是一种愚蠢而昂贵的损害健康的方式”可知，第二个人不同意第一个人的说法。 故选 D。 2.—Why did you come by shared bicycle this morning? —My car broke down last week and I sill ______ it repaired. A. haven't had B. hadn't had C. won't have D. didn't have 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：—你今天早上为什么骑共享单车来? —我的车上星期坏了，我还 没找人修呢。没有修车导致现在无车可开，只能骑自行车。因此，该空表示过去行为对现在 的影响，应用现在完成时态。故选 A。 3.—What do you think of her suggestion? — ______, it would be much better to talk it later. A. Usually B. Actually C. Regularly D. Eventually 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：—你觉得她的建议怎么样? —-实际上，以后再谈会更好。 A. Usually 通常；B. Actually 实际上；C. Regularly 有规律地，定期地； D. Eventually 最终， 最后。根据第二个人的回答“it would be much better to talk it later”可知，第二个人现在不想 谈这个话题。因此，他认为“实际上，以后再谈更好”。故选 B。 4.The patients are forbidden, even if they have recovered, ______ in hospital. A. drinking B. to drink C. having drunk D. to have drunk 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使病人已经康复，也不能在医院饮酒。forbid sb. to do sth. 意为“禁止某人做某事”，其被动语态为：sb. be forbidden to do sth.。故选 B。 5.Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live ______ nature. A. in honor of B. in need of C. in touch with D. in harmony with 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：人类的生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一方 式是与自然和谐相处。A. in honor of 为了向……表示敬意；B. in need of 需要……； C. in touch with 同……有联系；D. in harmony with 与……协调，与……一致。人类生存的唯一方式 就是要和大自然和谐相处。故选 D。 6.The witness told the police everything she had seen, being careful not to ______ any details. A. put out B. give out C. leave out D. look out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：证人把她看到的一切都告诉了警察，小心翼翼地不遗漏 任何细节。A. put out 扑灭；B. give out 分发；C. leave out 遗漏；D. look out 当心。根据前 面提到的“将一切告诉警察”可知，她很小心地不遗漏任何细节。故选 C。 7.—Are you still willing to lend money to your roommate? —Yes. I have always held the ______ that he is an honest fellow. A. belief B. truth C. custom D. fact 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—你还愿意借钱给你的室友吗? —是的。我一直认为他 是一个诚实的人。A. belief 看法，信念；B. truth 真相；C. custom 风俗；D. fact 事实。that he is an honest fellow 是该空的同位语从句。“他是一个诚实的人”，这是第二个人的看法。故选 A。 8.—You know quite a lot about the new movie. —Well, Anna ______ it to me during break. A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. will introduce 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：—你对这部新电影很了解。 —是安娜在课间休息时介绍给我的。 该句时间状语为 during break。根据语境可知，该时间状语表示一个过去的时间状语，因此该 句应用一般过去时态。故选 B。 【点睛】对于有明显时间状语的句子，可以根据时间状语来判断句子时态。例如：ten years ago， last year 等是一般过去时态的典型标志。so far，since，in the past ten years 等是现在完成时态 的标志。在此题中，考生根据时间状语 during break 判断出该题应用一般过去时态。 9.It's really hard to ______ the exact meaning of some words when you translate them into a foreign language. A. go through B. bring out C. make up D. turn out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你用外语翻译一些单词时，要把它们的确切意思表达 出来是很难的。A. go through 经历； B. bring out 使显现出来；C. make up 构成，组成； D. turn out 证明是，结果是。该处指“使某些单词的确切意思显示出来”，故选 B。 10.I've been looking forward for a long time ______ a chance to have a job interview. A. getting B. to get C. of getting D. to getting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词和动名词。句意：我一直盼望着能有机会参加面试。表示“期盼着做某事”， 应用 look forward to doing sth.这个句型。to 是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故选 D。 11.—How do you like the idea of Web TV? —It's a world of interactive TV programming, ______ anything wonderful can happen. A. one which B. one where C. the one which D. the one where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词和定语从句。句意：—你觉得网络电视这个主意怎么样? —这是一个互动 电视节目的世界，一个任何精彩的事情都可能发生的世界。首先需要一个代词指代前面的“a world of interactive TV programming”，代指 a+n.，用 one。the one 表特指。然后，后面是定语 从句，修饰 one。从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导该从句。综上，故选 B。 12.______ in the United States, St Louis has now become the 4th largest city. A. It is the 24th biggest city B. It was the 24th biggest city C. Once the 24th biggest city D. Before the 24th biggest city 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构分析。句意：圣路易斯曾经是美国第 24 大城市，现在已成为第 4 大城 市。根据逗号后面的 now 可知，圣路易斯过去是美国的第 24 大城市。B 选项是句子，逗号后 面是句子，两句之间缺少连词，排除 B。A 选项时态和句法均不对，排除 A。C 选项：曾经是 美国第 24 大城市，意思正确。D 选项意思不对。故选 C。 13.______ violin is his main focus, David is also excellent at guitar. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然小提琴是大卫的主要兴趣，但他的吉他也很好。A. Since 因为，自从；B. Once 一旦；C. Unless 除非，如果不；D. While 尽管。前后两句之间是转折关 系，该空引导让步状语从句。故选 D。 14.—These apples look really tasty. —They ______! See the price $5.99 a pound. Very expensive, aren't they! A. should B. might C. could D. would 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—这些苹果看起来很好吃。—它们应该!价格是每磅 5.99 美元。 非常贵，不是吗? 根据后面的苹果价格贵可以推知，苹果好吃是“应该的”。故选 A。 15.You may not agree, but my____ opinion is that this program is not suitable for children. A. unique B. personal C. optimistic D. generous 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能不同意，但我个人认为这个节目不适合儿童。A. unique 独一无二的；B. personal 个人的；C. optimistic 乐观的；D. generous 慷慨的。这个节目 不适合孩子是说话人“个人的”看法。故选 B。 第二节:完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C. D 四个选项中， 选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。 People get truly happy and success by becoming the best and the most genuine(真实的) version of themselves, not on the outside - on the inside. It's not about a brand or a ___16___ It's about reality: who you really are. It sounds simple, I know. The problem is, it's very hard to do, it takes a lot of work, and it can take a lifetime to ___17___ it out. ___18___ worth doing in life is ever easy. If you want to do great work, it's going to take a lot of hard work to do it. And you're going to have to break out of your comfort zone and take some ___19___ that will scare you so much. But what's the ___20___ of life if you cannot find yourself and try to become the best? That's what Steve Jobs ___21___ when he said: Your time is ___22___, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out (淹没) your own inner___23___. You have to___24___ something - your gut (直觉), fate, life, or _______25_______. This approach has never let me down, and it has _______26_______ to my life. Now, let's be _______27_______ about this for a moment. Insightful as that advice may be, it sounds a little too _______28_______ to resonate (引起共鸣) with today's quick-fix culture. These days, if you can't tell people exactly what to do and how to do it, it will _______29_______ deaf ears. Not only that, but what Jobs was talking about, or what I'm talking about, requires focus and discipline, two things that are very hard to _______30_______ these days. Why? Because, focus and, discipline are hard. It's so much easier to _______31_______ to distraction (分心). There's a business concept called opportunity cost. When you choose one course of action, you will miss out on all the other opportunities you might choose to _______32_______. People _______33_______stop to consider that until it's too late. And yet, the opportunity for adventure is right there in front of each and every one of us. Until you take it, you'll never know what you might _______34_______. All you have to do is to _______35_______ the journey. So, take action! 16. A. personality B. quality C. talent D. reputation 17. A. put B. leave C. figure D. check 18. A. Everything B. Anything C. Something D. Nothing 19. A. rewards B. chances C. advantages D. responsibilities 20. A. aim B. sense C. effect D. result 21. A. planned B. meant C. mentioned D. informed 22. A. endless B. abundant C. random D. limited 23. A. mind B. voice C. action D. heart 24. A. trust B. deny C. admire D. forget 25. A. however B. whichever C. whenever D. whatever 26. A. drawn close attention B. attached great importance C. made all the difference D. struck a sensitive nerve 27. A. realistic B. enthusiastic C. energetic D. optimistic 28. A. challenging B. dynamic C. fragile D. consistent 29. A. turn out B. bring about C. fall on D. involve in 30. A. come by B. stand by C. look for D. care for 31. A. get down B. give in C. give rise D. pay attention 32. A. preserve B. create C. pursue D. abandon 33. A. frequently B. rarely C. actively D. passively 34. A. achieve B. survive C. believe D. relieve 35. A. enjoy B. expect C. design D. start 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。每个人都要努力做最好的自己，要抓住机会，努力做好自我，而不是浪费 时间去过别人的生活。生活中值得做的事情都不容易做到，采取行动，成功地迈出第一步。 【16 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是一个品牌或声誉的问题。A. personality 性格，个性；B. quality 质量；C. talent 才能；D. reputation 声望。该空和 a brand 并列，且根据后面的 it’s about reality 可知，该处指这不是品牌或声誉的问题，这是关于现实的。故选 D。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能要花一辈子的时间才能弄明白。A. put 放；B. leave 离开；C. figure 认为，计算；D. check 核对。该句和前一句“it takes a lot of work”并列，因此该句表达意思 应为：弄清楚这个问题需要一辈子的时间。figure out 意为“弄清楚，弄明白”，故选 C。 【18 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：生活中任何值得做的事都不容易。A. Everything 一切；B. Anything 任何事情；C. Something 某事；D. Nothing 什么也没有。凡是值得做的事，没有容易的。故选 D。 【19 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你将不得不打破你的舒适区，承担一些会让你害怕的责任。A. rewards 奖励，回报；B. chances 机会；C. advantages 优势，有利条件；D. responsibilities 责任。根据后 面的“that will scare you so much”可知，该空指的是让你害怕的东西。结合选项，该处应指“去 承担让你害怕的责任”。故选 D。 【20 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你不能找到自己并努力成为最好的自己，那生活还有什么意 义呢? A. aim 目标；B. sense 意义；C. effect 影响；D. result 结果。作者认为，如果我们不能找 到自我，并且成为最好的自己，那么，生活就没有意义。故选 B。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是史蒂夫·乔布斯所说的：你的时间有限，所以不要浪费时 间去过别人的生活。A. planned 计划；B. meant 意思是，意味着；C. mentioned 提及；D. informed 通知，告知。Steve Jobs 说过：时间是有限的，所以，要做真实的自我，不要让别人的意见淹 没你内心的声音。史蒂夫·乔布斯所说的话指出了人生的意义。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是史蒂夫·乔布斯所说的：你的时间有限，所以不要浪费 时间去过别人的生活。A. endless 无穷无尽的；B. abundant 大量的，丰裕的；C. random 随意的； D. limited 有限的。根据后面的“don’t waste it living someone else’s”可知，时间是“有限的”， 所以不要浪费。故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音。A. mind 思想；B. voice 心声，意见，发言权；C. action 行动；D. heart 心。不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音。 故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你必须相信某些东西—你的直觉、命运、生活，或其他任何东西。 A. trust 信任；B. deny 否认；C. admire 钦佩，赞美；D. forget 忘记。前文说：不要让别人的意 见淹没了你内心的声音。因此，该句应指：你必须相信某些东西。故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：你必须相信某些东西—你的直觉、命运、生活，或其他任何东西。 A. however（连词）不管如何；B. whichever（连词）不管哪个；C. whenever（连词）无论何 时；D. whatever（连词）无论什么，（代词）任何事物。你必须相信某些东西—你的直觉、命 运、生活，或其他任何东西。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。这种方法从来没有让我失望，它使我的生活完全不同。A. drawn close attention 引起密切关注；B. attached great importance 重视……； C. made all the difference 意义 重大，起作用，有很大影响；D. struck a sensitive nerve 触动敏感的神经。根据前面的“This approach has never let me down”可知，这种方法从未让作者失望过，对作者的生活产生了很大 的影响。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，让我们现实一点。A. realistic 现实的；B. enthusiastic 热情 的；C. energetic 精力充沛的；D. optimistic 乐观的。根据该段下文内容，作者结合现在的实际 情况来探讨这个问题。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个建议可能很有见地，但它听起来有点太具有挑战性了，很 难与当今的快节奏文化产生共鸣。A. challenging 有挑战性的；B. dynamic 充满活力的；C. fragile 脆弱的，易碎的；D. consistent 始终如一的，一致的。根据 as(尽管)可知，前后两句之间是转 折关系。尽管这个建议可能很有见地，但是听起来很有“挑战性”， 很难与当今的快速解决 文化产生共鸣。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，如果你不能确切地告诉人们该做什么、怎么做，人们就会 充耳不闻。A. turn out 结果是；B. bring about 引起；C. fall on 落到，降临；D. involve in 参与， 涉及。如果你不能确切地告诉人们该做什么、怎么做，人们就会充耳不闻。即：它就会“落 到”聋子的耳朵上。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不仅如此，乔布斯所说的，或者说我所说的，都需要专注和自律， 这两点在当今社会是很难做到的。A. come by 得到，顺道拜访；B. stand by 支持，袖手旁观； C. look for 寻找；D. care for 关心，喜欢。根据下一句的“Because, focus and discipline are hard” 可知，专注和自律很难。由此可知，该句指的是“现在，专注和自律很难得到”。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们更容易分心。A. get down 使沮丧；B. give in 屈服，让步；C. give rise 引起；D. pay attention 注意到。前一句提到：专注很多做到。故该句表示：人们跟容易“向 分心屈服”，即：人们更容易分心。give in to 意为“向……屈服，让步”。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你选择了一种行动方式，你就会错过所有其他你可能选择追求 的机会。A. preserve 保存，保护；B. create 创造；C. pursue 追求；D. abandon 抛弃。当你选择 了一种行动方式，你就会错过所有其他你可能选择追求的机会。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们很少会停下来思考这个问题，直到为时已晚。A. frequently 频 繁地；B. rarely 罕见地，很少；C. actively 积极地；D. passively 被动地。人们很少会停下来思 考这个问题，直到为时已晚。该空应填一个表示否定意思的词，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你抓住机会之前，你永远不知道你会得到什么。A. achieve 实现； B. survive 存活下来；C. believe 相信；D. relieve 缓解，减轻。在你抓住机会之前，你永远不知 道你会得到什么。即：直到你抓住它，你才知道你会得到什么。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是开始你的旅程。A. enjoy 喜欢，享受；B. expect 期 望，预料；C. design 设计；D. start 开始。既然不知道自己会得到什么，因此，你所要做的就 是“开始”你的旅程。故选 D。 【点睛】逻辑是作者的行文方式，主要包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它们 之间有的通过连接词来表达，关系非常明显；有的隐含在句与句之中，关系比较隐晦。考生 应该根据前后信息进行思考，拨开迷雾，准确理解上下文间的逻辑关系。例如第 13 题，根据 as 可以推断出前后两句之间是转折关系，从而判断出空处所需单词的感情色彩，最终决定答 案。 第二部分:阅读理解(共 20 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 50 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。 A Perhaps there is no sport in the world more connected to sneakers than basketball. Many NBA players wear them to send important messages and showcase their personalities on court. And now, thanks to a new policy, the NBA will strengthen its status as the most stylish sports league in the world. When the 2018-2019 NBA season kicked off in October, the NBA lifted its color restrictions on players’ sneakers. It is the first time in the league’s 72-year history that it has allowed shoes to be of any color a player likes, as long as no reflective (反光的) material is included. In the past, the NBA required “uniformity (一致性) of uniform”, meaning each players’ shoes had to match those worn by the rest of the team. Their sneakers had to be at least 51 percent black or white, with an element of team color. This landmark rule change is part of the NBA’s collective effort to support players “statements” on and off the court. “ More and more people realize that limitation of the color of players’ shoes actually constrains (限制) their personal expression and storytelling,” CNN News noted. Sometimes a shoe was worn in a memorable game, or the design of a shoe has meaning for the player. Before Los Angeles Lakers superstar Kobe Bryant, nicknamed “the Black Mamba”, retired, it was said that he wore a new pair of sneakers to each game and stored his used sneakers. Bryant brought the low-top style of sneaker with a Mamba print to the forefront in 2008 to symbolize the spirit of perseverance and bravery. In 2013, Bryant added nine red stitches (缝针) to the back of his shoe to represent the nine stitches from his Achilles tendon surgery. “It has become an attitude. That is my Mamba personality,” Bryant told Sports Illustrated magazine. Kyrie Irving of the Boston, Celtics wears probably the most famous signature sneakers. Inspired by his mother, who died when he was four, he has a rose on one side of his shoe to represent her. All of his sneakers are also inscribed (刻) with the words, “JBY (Just Be You)”. “Just Be You is the motto I live by every single day, because I’m happy to be an individual. It’s a beautiful thing,” Irving told UK media site GiveMeSport. There is no end to the stories about sneakers in basketball. It’s certain that they will remain a platform for players who want to use them to express their ideas and personalities. 36. According to the new policy, the NBA players ________. A. may choose sneakers they like without restriction B. should wear sneakers in their own team color C. have to choose sneakers either in black or in white D. have more freedom in choosing personal sneakers 37. What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A. Uniformity guarantees better results. B. The new rule leads to controversy. C. The NBA cares little about players’ statements. D. Players’ personal expression also counts. 38. Which of the following is used to express family value? A. A rose. B. JBY. C. A Mamba print. D. Nine red stitches. 39. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The NBA lifts color restrictions. B. Our shoes have stories. C. Bryant has a unique dress style. D. The NBA players are particular about the colors of their sneakers. 【答案】36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了 NBA 取消了对球员球鞋颜色的限制，因为越来越多的人意识到 球鞋颜色的限制实际上限制了他们的个人表达和讲故事的能力，同时列举了一些球员鞋子图 案背后的故事。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 It is the first time in the league’s 72-year history that it has allowed shoes to be of any color a player likes, as long as no reflective material is included.（这是 NBA 72 年历史上第一次允许球员穿自己喜欢的任何颜色的鞋子，只要不包括反光材料。）可知根据新 政策，NBA 球员在选择个人球鞋方面有更多的自由。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中 More and more people realize that limitation of the color of players’ shoes actually constrains their personal expression and storytelling,” CNN News noted.（CNN 新闻 指出:“越来越多的人意识到，球员球鞋颜色的限制实际上限制了他们的个人表达和讲故事的 能力。”）可知球员的个人表达也很重要。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Inspired by his mother, who died when he was four, he has a rose on one side of his shoe to represent her.（他的母亲在他四岁时就去世了，受母亲的启发，他在鞋 的一边绣了一朵玫瑰来代表母亲。）可知玫瑰用来表达家庭价值。故选 A。 【39 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 There is no end to the stories about sneakers in basketball. It’s certain that they will remain a platform for players who want to use them to express their ideas and personalities.（关于篮球运动中球鞋的故事层出不穷。可以肯定的是，它们仍将是玩家表达自 己想法和个性的平台。）以及文章主要内容围绕着 NBA 球员鞋子上图案背后的故事，故 B 选 项“我们的鞋子有故事。”符合文章标题，故选 B。 B That morning, I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster (领养) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately. On Monday morning, I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children's Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps. Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's' Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didn't take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care. On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren't going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family, and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children. 40. How did the author feel about her hospital work? A. Unusually demanding. B. Lacking in motivation. C. Filled with challenges. D. Packed with chances. 41. What led the author to decide to adopt children? A. She wanted to make a difference in other people. B. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew. C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children. D. She experienced training to raise children properly. 42. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2? A. The foster parents must be healthy and well-educated. B. It was impossible to go through all the endless process. C. The man on the phone was nice and gave clear instructions. D. The home visits and background checks would take eight weeks. 43. What does the underlined word "placement" in Paragraph3 refer to? A. The child to be adopted. B. The need to get trained. C The approval of adoption. D. The official at the hospital. 44. Why did the author appear at the courtroom? A. To put the adopted kids elsewhere. B. To receive another adopted child. C. To begin the kids' adoption in her home. D. To make the adoption officially legal. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. A 44. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者收养孩子的原因和经过。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow”可知，作者突 然意识到作者在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。作者需要一些能拓展自己的极限， 推动自己成长的东西。由此可知，作者认为自己在医院的工作缺乏动力。故选 B。 【41 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster ( 领 养 ) mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately”可知，作者有一天突然意识到自己在医院 的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。她需要一些能拓展自己极限，推动个人成长的东西。 她的职业使她能够在家工作。她可以在家工作，成为领养妈妈，为孩子提供安全的迫切需要。 由此推知，作者是想影响改变一些人的生活，才产生了领养孩子的想法。故选 A。 【42 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps”可知，周一早上，我拿起电话，拨通了谷歌上最近的儿童服务部门的 电话号码。电话那头的人很乐意回答我的问题，并解释了培训的下一步，包括为期八周的课 程，目的是为养父母做准备和教育。由此推知，电话里的人很友好，给出了明确的指示。故 选 C。 【43 题详解】 词义猜测题。前几段提到作者想要收养孩子。根据该段中的“Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's' Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition”可知，作者在获得收养孩子的批准五个月之后，电话响了。作者和丈夫来到 儿童医院，那么那个生病并且缺乏营养正在等待作者的应该就是作者将要收养的孩子。因此， 画线词指的是“要被收养的孩子”。故选 A。 【44 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized”可知，作者出现在小法庭上完成了收养程序。由此推知，小法庭是使收养合法 化的地方。故选 D。 【点睛】根据语境猜测词义：语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义 与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可 以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。例如第 4 题，考生可以根 据前几段作者想收养孩子推断出等待他们的那个生病的人就是他们要收养的孩子，从而判断 出答案。 C Holidays are really important. Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways. But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits, they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet. For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some, this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in sofeguaiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed. While teachers are holidaying in the UK, many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning. In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council (委员会)is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real “down time" for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning. We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. 45. The passage is probably written by . A. an experienced teacher B. a working parent C. an inspired student D. a city council member 46. The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to " ’. A. environments B. holidays C. wages D. benefits 47. It is suggested in the passage that the summer break be reduced to. A. 2 weeks B. 4.5 weeks C. 5 weeks D. 6 weeks 48. The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students_____ . A. obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs B. get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in school C. benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment D. have more school days to receive free school meals 49. It can be inferred from the passage that _______. A. working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children B. the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried out C. the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real "down time" D. some school staff will say “ No" to the plans for a shorter summer holiday 【答案】45. D 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. D 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。假期使我们放松并去一些地方去游玩，使我们释放压力，但是对于一些 低收入家庭或靠救济而过活的家庭来说造成很多的经济负担，本文提倡在不影响学生学习的 前提下减少假期的时间。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句话的口气可知作者是 City Council 的一名成员，D 项正确。 【46 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文提到的 holidays are expensive 可知 they 指的是 holidays，本句意为：假 期是非常贵的，对于那些低收入或靠救济来过活的家庭的人来说，假期是获得不到的。故选 B。 【47 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段 In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council (委员会)is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks,可知，建议 把暑假缩短为四个半周。故选 B。 【48 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段 The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.(六周没有免费的学校餐会导致家庭预算紧张，无法负担帮助孩子继续学习的鼓舞 人心的经历。)可推断出，较短的暑假将帮助学生从关心和鼓舞人心的学习环境中受益更多。 故选 C。 【49 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话 We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. (我们承认这个改变 对于一些教职工尤其是对于家里的孩子在其他机关接受教育的家庭来说是很难接受的)可推断 出对于减少假期的时间学校的一些教职工是不支持的。故选 D。 D To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don't question never truly think for themselves. These are simple rules that have governed the advancement of science and human thought since the beginning of time. Advancements are made when thinkers question theories and introduce new ones. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought. Aristotle was a brilliant philosopher whose theories explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so esteemed by the scientific community that even 1， 200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them! Brilliant minds can intimidate up-and-coming thinkers who are not confident of their abilities. They often believe they are inferior to the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current paradigms instead of questioning them. I, like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental inferiority. I was certain that my parents, my teachers-adults in general-were always right. They were like a textbook to me; I didn't question what was written on those pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My mind's independence was first stimulated in the classroom. A stern, 65-year-old elementary-school science teacher once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that light is a wave. One day，however I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles. As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs. Maybe the teachers and textbooks hadn't given me the whole story. I went to the library, did some research and learned of the light-as-a-wave versus light-as-a-particle debate. I read about Einstein's discovery of the dual nature of light and learned the facts of a paradox(悖论) that puzzles the world's greatest thinkers to this day. Light behaves as both a particle and a wave, it is both at once. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth. Each new year brought more new facts, and I formulated even more questions. I found myself in the library after school, trying to find my own answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and teachers are incredible tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. Even textbooks can be challenged. I learned to question my sources, I learned to be a thinker. I once believed that everything I learned at home and at school was certain, but I have now discovered to re-examine when necessary. Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth and I plan to continue questioning. How many things do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for another five billion years, and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole. This knowledge, however, may change in the next 20 years-maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness to discovery. Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement. 50. In the first paragraph, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that ______. A. he is the greatest and respected philosopher of all time B. huge influence of great thinkers may block human thought C. advancements are made when thinkers question theories D. great thinkers often make mistakes and then correct them 51. What does the underlined word “intimidate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A Frighten. B. Encourage. C. Strength. D. Persuade. 52. The author began to question his previous beliefs because ______. A. what he learned from textbooks before turned out to be wrong B. he was inspired by the different ideas from an exchange student C he was laughed at by other students for his unacceptable statement D. he was not satisfied with his life and desperate to achieve success 53. According to the passage, the author ______. A. looks down upon great thinkers all the time B. never doubts what he has learned in the textbook C. always throws himself into the laboratory D. determines to be a thinker and questioner 54. We can conclude from the last paragraph that ______. A. the author is not quite sure about his future B. we human beings don't dare to predict future C. theory of black holes will change in two years D. questioning is necessary to promote advancement 55. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Following rules. B. Challenging yourself. C. Questioning giants. D. Predicting future. 【答案】50. B 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要是在讲质疑权威的重要性，只有人们不断的质疑以前的理论并且 提出新的理论时，我们的社会才可以取得进步。质疑是通往知识和真理的道路，质疑可以让 我们的思维更加开放，这种开放性的思维是思想进步的关键因素。 【50 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.(不幸的是，往往是伟大而受人尊敬的思想家们最终减缓 了人类思想的进步)，可知，一些伟大的思想家减缓了人类进步的步伐。文中以亚里士多德为 例，就是为了显示这个观点。B. huge influence of great thinkers may block human thought (伟大 思想家的巨大影响可能会阻碍人类的思想)。符合题意。故选 B 项。 【51 题详解】 词义猜测题。文章第二段 They often believe they are inferior to the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current paradigms instead of questioning them. (他们常常认为自 己不如亚里士多德这样的巨人，这导致许多人接受了当前的范式，而不是质疑他们。)可知， 这里的 They 指代就是文中的 thinkers who are not confident of their abilities(怀疑自己能力的后 起者)，他们觉得自己不如亚里士多德这样的巨人，面对他们提出的观点，因为害怕所以不敢 质疑。故选 A 项。 【52 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 One day，however I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles. As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs. (然而有一天，我听到那个德国交换生提到光可以由粒子组成。当其他人嘲笑他的陈述 时，我开始质疑我的信念。)可知，以前我一直以为光是一种波，但是当这个学生提出这样的 说法时，我开始怀疑以前的观点。B. he was inspired by the different ideas from an exchange student (他的灵感来自于一个交换生的不同想法)。符合题意。故选 B 项。 【53 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.( 据说质疑是通向知识和真理的道路，我打算继续提问。)可知，作者打 算一直做一名质疑者。D. determines to be a thinker and questioner (决定做一名思考者和质疑 者)。符合题意。故选 D 项。 【54 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中 Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.( 据说质疑是通向知识和真理的道路，我打算继续提问。) Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement.(质疑是开放思想 的工具，而开放思想是智力进步的关键。)从这些句子中可知，质疑是通往知识和真理的道路 的工具。D. questioning is necessary to promote advancement (质疑是促进进步的必要条件)。符合 题意。故选 D 项。 【55 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章首段提出 To learn to think is to learn to question. (学会思考就是学会质疑)。文 章最后一段又提出 Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement.(质疑是开放思想的工具，而开放思想是智力进步的关键。)可知，整篇文章的主 题就是要质疑。C. Questioning giants. (质疑巨人) 符合题意。故选 C 项。 注意事项: 1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2.本卷共 6 题，共 35 分。 第三部分:写作. 第一节 阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。 “Where are you going to college?” “Tm going to my local community college.” My answer seemed to be the magic phrase that would wipe the smile right of many people's faces. It's clear that people have a lot of misconceptions(误解) about community colleges. Many people think community colleges are only for people who couldn't get into a four-year school. But it is not true. In high school, I always got A's. But when it came to applying to colleges, I had no idea what I wanted to major in and couldn't justify spending thousands of dollars at a 4-year school until I knew what I wanted to do. My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college. Some people will ask, “Since the community college is cheaper, will you get a good education?" I found that nearly all of my professors taught the same courses at 4-year colleges. My professors were knowledgeable and experienced, and I found many of the courses challenging. Some people think if I attend the community college, I will miss out on the “college experience”. I must admit that this is something I worried about a great deal the summer before college. But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings. I took a lot of different courses. I had an amazing professor who suggested I take her journalism class. Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it, but since she was so enthusiastic, I eventually decided to have a try. That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist. I look forward to graduating this May to pursue a career in broadcast journalism. Community colleges may not be for everyone, but for me it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become. 56 What was the author's parents' attitude towards his/her decision about attending the community college? (no more than 5 words) 57. What does the underlined part “miss out on” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 58. How did the author make friends at community college? (no more than 10 words). 59. Why daren't the author take the journalism class at first? (no more than 15 words) 60. In your opinion; what kind of effect does attending the community college have on the author? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】56. They supported his/her decision. 57. Lack 58. By joining chubs and attending student government meetings. 59. Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper. 60. Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become. 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者上社区大学的原因，经过以及对他/她的影响。 【56 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college”可知，作者父母支持作者上社区学院。故可回答：They supported his/her decision. 【57 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据该段中的“I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings”可知，作者在上了社 区大学后，他/她很快就意识到：社区大学就像其他任何一所大学一样，是由你自己决定的。 作者努力充分利用在社区大学的时间，还通过参加社团和学生会会议交了很多朋友。由此可 知，之前人们甚至作者担心的应该是：上社区大学会使得作者“缺乏”大学体验。而实际情 况是，作者在社区大学里获得了一般大学一样的东西。故画线短语意为：缺乏。故回答：Lack。 【58 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings”可知，作者通过参加社团和学生会会议交了很多朋友。故回答：By joining chubs and attending student government meetings。 【59 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it”可知，作者从来没有给高中的报纸写过文章，所以作者一开始不敢上这门课。故回答： Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper。 【60 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become”可知，上社区大学帮助作者发现了自己是谁，自己希望 成为什么样的人。故回答：Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become。 第二节:书面表达(满分 25 分) 61.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你校英文报为引导中学生热爱劳动和从事劳动，举办征文 活动，题目为“I Work and I Am Happy”。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文。 (1)描述自己的劳动经历； (2)谈谈自己参加劳动的体会； (3)就中学生参加劳动提出建议。 注意：(1)词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 【答案】I Work and I Am Happy As a student, I have few opportunities to work owing to my full schedule. But an activity organized by my school left a deep impression on me. The activity is called Farm Work Program. During the Program, I had to get up early and did assigned farm work with my classmates under the expert guidance of trainers. For example, we helped water the plants and pick up vegetables. We were even taught how to make tofu. With the help of my classmates, I finally made tofu successfully, which brought me great happiness. While working, I realized how hard it was to work with my own hands and how happy it was to enjoy the fruit(s) of my labor. From my perspective, we cannot always participate in such programs, but we can help our parents do some housework. For example, we can help wash dishes after dinner, or we can wash our socks and so on. Remember that few things can make us happier than seeing the results of our hard work. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类作文。文章要求写一篇题目为“I Work and I Am Happy”的征文。 【详解】本文应该分为三大部分。首先，要描述自己的劳动经历，在该部分中，应该用过去 时态。应具体叙述你做了什么。其次，要谈谈自己参加劳动的体会。该部分应该叙述劳动给 你带来的快乐以及劳动的艰辛，从而体会到一切得来不易之类的感悟。最后，要就中学生参 加劳动提出建议。例如，中学生应该参加什么样的劳动，什么时间参加等。 【点睛】所给范文条理清楚，内容充实，要点齐全。长短句交叉使用，适当使用了一些较好 的词汇和短语。例如：被动语态（The activity is called Farm Work Program）；非谓语动词 （organized by my school）；定语从句（which brought me great happiness）；宾语从句（how hard it was to work with my own hands and how happy it was to enjoy the fruit(s) of my labor）； leave a deep impression on sb.；under the guidance of 等，为文章增色不少。