高考英语一轮复习Module6WarandPeace课后达标检测外研版选修6 6页

Module 6 War and Peace ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·成都高三第一次诊断)Young trees don’t just grow；they develop a personality and learn more about their environment and how they should best behave in it. They also help each other out whenever there’s trouble.‎ Personality, just as among people, varies among trees. Some are anxious, some bold. On the author’s land，there are three oak trees growing close together. One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others. Since they all experience the same temperature，the same soil and the same length of day, such variables can’t be the explanation. So what’s happening？Well，this tree is simply more careful than the others. Whoever holds on to their leaves longer can do more photosynthesis(光合作用) and store more nutrients. However, the longer a tree keeps its leaves, the higher the risk of injury.‎ Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes. A tree, for example, keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions: trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.‎ But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients. For example, one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible？Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years!‎ Why do trees do__such__a__thing？It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.‎ 6‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。‎ ‎1．Why does the author mention the three oak trees?‎ A．To illustrate trees can learn from experiences.‎ B．To show trees can make independent decisions.‎ C．To explain trees are quite supportive to each other.‎ D．To prove trees have the same personalities as humans.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”可知，树木能自己做决定。据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．According to the text, which of the following best describes general features of trees?‎ A．Anxious and bold.‎ B．Smart and adventurous.‎ C．Helpful and wellbehaved.‎ D．Adaptable and supportive.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，树木适应能力强。根据第四段第一、二句“But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined phrase “do such a thing” mean?‎ A．Give warnings. B．Offer assistance.‎ C．Depend on others. D．Provide nutrients.‎ B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why do trees do__such__a__thing？”和其后的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，‎ 6‎ 故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．Where does this text most probably come from?‎ A．A public lecture. B．A science book.‎ C．An experiment report. D．A travel journal.‎ B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·贵阳摸底)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”‎ However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults(断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.‎ According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon’s surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale(里氏震级)，”said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.‎ But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.‎ The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking—we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that, ” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.‎ 6‎ ‎【解题导语】　月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。‎ ‎5．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?‎ A．It stays the same as before.‎ B．It is becoming slightly smaller.‎ C．It is getting older and older.‎ D．It has passed away.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However，a new study...shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。‎ ‎6．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?‎ A．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.‎ B．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.‎ C．It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.‎ D．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。‎ ‎7．Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon?‎ A．Zhang Ruoxu.‎ B．Thomas Watters.‎ C．Nathan Williams.‎ D．The journalist.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters说的话“This isn’t anything to worry about...It’s not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。‎ ‎8．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?‎ A．It is a dead and boring place.‎ B．It has lots of faults on the surface.‎ C．It is valuable to do more science.‎ D．It isn’t a place where we can live.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nathan Williams说的话“We have been to the 6‎ ‎ moon and we’ve done some great science...we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Alice had just been appointed in the multinational bank. After one month of severe training, today was her first day to go to work.‎ She got up a bit earlier than usual, and decided to skip her gym workout as she did not want to risk being tired or getting late to her office on her first day. She went through her morning routine and spent a lot of time in selecting what to wear. None of her dresses seemed to appeal to her—they were either a little too casual or too dull and she definitely wanted to make an impression right from the start. Finally she settled on the white embroidered(刺绣的) dress.‎ She waved bye to her mom and set off cheerfully towards the bus stop. But she saw a bus leaving the stop just as she crossed the street. Now she would have to wait for a good 15 minutes. 15 minutes passed and then 30 minutes and there was no sign of the bus. “It must be stuck in heavy traffic，” a kind lady who was also waiting for the bus told her. Hearing that, Alice got anxious. She had to reach her office on time. Then she saw a taxi approaching but when she tried to stop it, the taxi driver sped by without even taking a glance at her. Alice was wondering what she could do.‎ It was then that a car stopped near her and a man waved to her. The driver asked her where she was going and after Alice told him that she was going to the bank at Nariman Point, the man said, “Oh, my office is in the nearby building. Can I give you a lift？” Alice hesitated for a moment and got into the car. They exchanged names and began to talk for a while. Then the driver switched on the radio and was absorbed in the song. Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work, worrying whether she was capable of the new job, and if she could get along well with her colleagues. After about ten minutes, Alice realized they were not on the familiar route to her office.‎ Paragraph 1：‎ She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man.________________________________________________________________________‎ 6‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man. So she asked cautiously whether they were going to her bank. The driver said that they took a new shortcut, as there was usually heavy traffic on the other one at this hour, and continued his song. That made some sense and Alice didn’t say anything more. Another fifteen minutes passed, and the road was even stranger for her. That man was driving speedily and Alice became more and more anxious. She decided that when the car next stopped at the traffic lights she would jump out.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly. She breathed a sigh of relief. Within minutes, they reached the gate of the building. “Here we are！” the driver pulled up and said. Alice got out of the car, her face turning red. She felt quite sorry for having doubted the driver. She believed there were indeed more kind people in the world. She said, “Thank you very much！”， with a big smile, and hurried to her office with great expectation. She knew she would have a good day.‎ 6‎