新课标2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业164-1Womenofachievement 人教版必修4 8页

课时作业16 4-1 Women of achievement Ⅰ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。‎ ‎1．I felt a great sense of ________ (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.‎ ‎2．Jack, behave ________ (you)! If you keep on doing that, you'll end up in serious trouble.‎ ‎3．She was sitting ________ the shade of a large oak tree.‎ ‎4．The guard blew his whistle and the train moved ________．‎ ‎5．The telescope is used for the ________ (observe) of distant stars.‎ ‎6．After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without ________ (argue)．‎ ‎7．She shut her mind against the fears which crowded ________ on her.‎ ‎8．Don't look down ________ Jack. He has his own advantage. Where others are weak, he is strong.‎ ‎9．Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring ________．‎ ‎10．It was totally ________ chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.‎ ‎11．When walking down the street, I came ________ Bob, whom I hadn't seen for years.‎ ‎12．The movie is intended ________ adults.‎ ‎13．He left his hometown with the ________ (intend) of finding a good job in Shanghai.‎ ‎14．It is ________ (consider) of you to call on me from time to time.‎ ‎15．I always take fuel consumption into ________ (consider)when buying a car.‎ ‎16．I'm having some flowers ________ (deliver)for her birthday.‎ ‎17．I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry ________‎ 7‎ ‎ a conversation with her.‎ ‎18. ________ hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.‎ ‎19．Once the damage ________ (do), it will take many years for the farmland to recover.‎ ‎20．He came ________ (run) to welcome me.‎ 答案 ‎1．achievement　2.yourself　3.in　4.off ‎5．observation　6.argument　7.in　8.on/upon ‎9．to　10.by　11.across　12.for　13.intention ‎14．considerate　15.consideration　16.delivered ‎17．on　18.It　19.is done　20.running Ⅱ.阅读理解 A Daniella Wride was brushing her daughter's long brown hair when she noticed that with each stroke, clumps of it were coming out. That was January 1, 2017, within 20 days, sevenyearold Gianessa Wride's hair and eyebrows were completely gone, and her dermatologist(皮肤科医生) said they would never grow back. Gianessa had become one of the 6.8 million Americans with alopecia, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss.‎ Alopecia isn't painful, but for kids who suffer from it, the agony comes from standing out from the crowd. For the most part, the students in Gianessa's first grade class in Salem, Utah, were understanding. But the occasional taunt(嘲弄) of “Baldy” made her feel like an outcast. “I did not want her not to feel beautiful，” her mother told Today.‎ Then the school announced its “Crazy Hair Day” competition in April, and Daniella and Gianessa decided that rather than hiding Gianessa's baldness under scarves or a wig(假发), they would celebrate it. Daniella bought scrapbook sticker jewels and decorated her daughter's head with floral designs and even an owl. “They just fit her personality，” Daniella told CNN. “She's so lively.”‎ On the morning of the competition, Gianessa was nervous. Would her friends think ‎ 7‎ it was funny or freaky? She had nothing to fear. Bedazzled Gianessa was a hit and the winner of the crazy hair competition. Gianessa is now glad she dared to go bare. “I was sad at first when I lost all my hair，” she told people, “but now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some sparkly butterflies and flowers.”‎ ‎1．Why did Gianessa become bald?‎ A．Because she wanted to be different.‎ B．Because she had all her hair cut.‎ C．Because her mother combed her hair too often.‎ D．Because she suffered from a kind of disease.‎ ‎2．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “agony” in Paragraph Two?‎ A．Worry B．Delight C．Pain D．Pride ‎3．How does Gianessa feel about her baldness after the “Grazy Hair Day”？‎ A．Optimistic B．Upset C．Indifferent D．Worried ‎4．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Gianessa's hair was gone B．Being bald is beautiful C．Crazy hair day D．An incurable disease 答案与解析 这篇文章主要讲了由于Gianessa患了一种疾病，所以她变成了秃头，在学校举办了“疯狂的头发日”以后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了，原来秃头也可以装扮的很漂亮。‎ ‎1．D　细节理解题。根据Gianessa had become one of the 6.8 million Americans with alopecia, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss. 可知Gianessa变成秃头是因为她患了一种皮肤疾病秃头症，选D。‎ ‎2．C　词义猜测题。Alopecia isn't painful, but for kids who suffer from it, the ‎ 7‎ agony comes from standing out from the crowd. 这句话的意思是Alopecia并不痛苦，但是对于患病的小孩来说，痛苦来自于站在人群中特别的显眼，所以“agony”的意思是痛苦，选C。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。由Gianessa is now glad she dared to go bare. “I was sad at first when I lost all my hair，” she told people, “but now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some sparkly butterflies and flowers.”可以判断出在“疯狂的头发日”过后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了。Optimistic乐观的，Upset心烦的，Indifferent 漠不关心的，Worried担心的，选A。‎ ‎4．B　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了由于Gianessa患了一种疾病，所以她变成了秃头，在学校举办了“疯狂的头发日”以后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了，原来秃头也可以装扮的很漂亮，选B。‎ B In June 2014, two leading media in America reported that three year old Victoria Wilcher, who suffered facial scarring, was kicked out of a KFC because she was a frightening customer. Later, KFC announced that no evidence had been found to support the story. This phenomenon is largely a product of the increasing pressure in newsrooms that care more about traffic figures.‎ Brooke Binkowski, an editor, says that she has seen a shift towards less responsibility in newsrooms. “Clickbait(标题诱饵) is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.”‎ Asked what the driving factor was, a journalist says, “You're a strict editor and you're to meet your targets. And some young journalists are inexperienced and will not do those checks. So much news reported online happens online. There is no need to get out and knock on someone's door. You just sit at your desk and do it.”‎ Another journalist says, “More clicks equal more money. At my former employer in particular, the pressure was due to the limited resources. That made the environment quite horrible to work in.”‎ 7‎ In a Feb. 2015 report for Digital Journalism, Craig Silverman wrote, “Today the bar for what is worth giving attention to seems to be much lower. Within minutes or hours, a badly sourced report can be changed into a story that is repeated by dozens of news websites, resulting in tens of thousands of shares. The_rumor_becomes_true_for_readers_simply ‎_by_virtue_of_its_ubiquity(普遍存在，到处存在)．”‎ And, despite the direction that some newsrooms seem to be heading in, a critical eye is becoming more, not less important, according to the New York Times' public editor, Margaret Sullivan. “Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. It's extremely important to question and to prove before publication.” Yet those working in newsrooms talk of doubtful stories being tolerated. In the words of some senior editors, “a click is a click, regardless of the advantage of a story.” And, “if the story does turn out to be false, it's simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.”‎ ‎5．According to Brooke Binkowski, newsrooms produce false news because ________．‎ A．clicks count a lot B．resources are limited C．budgets are tight D．journalists lack experience ‎6．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 probably mean?‎ A．Lies can't sell without something related to the truth.‎ B．Rumors are like a flame blown by the wind.‎ C．Most people are easy to be cheated by the false news online.‎ D．A lie will end up as truth, if repeated often enough.‎ ‎7．What's Margaret Sullivan's attitude towards false news online?‎ A．Negative. B．Supportive.‎ C．Skeptical. D．Neutral.‎ ‎8．What is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Spread of false stories.‎ B．Causes of online false news.‎ C．Duties of journalists.‎ 7‎ D．Relative laws needed to regulate the online news.‎ 答案与解析 作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。‎ ‎5．A　推理判断题。根据第二段Brooke Binkowski说的Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.可知Brooke Binkowski认为文章的标题和点击率是虚假新闻产生的重要原因，故选A。‎ ‎6．D　句意猜测题。画线句意：谣言由于它的普遍传播就会变成真的，即说的人多了谣言就变成真的了。与D项A lie will end up as truth, if repeated often enough.同义，故选D。‎ ‎7．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段Margaret Sullivan 说的Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. It's extremely important to question and to prove before publication.可知Margaret Sullivan认为编辑一定要更细心，在发表之前要认真审核证实。由此可见他对网络虚假新闻是反对的，故选A。‎ ‎8．B　主旨大意题。作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。B项：网络虚假新闻的原因，概括了全文意思适合作为标题，故选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2019年内蒙古赤峰二中月考)‎ Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of Study, first came into__1__ (exist) in Xuan Prefecture(县) in the Tang dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper __2__ hand has been passed down through generations. The process takes as many as 108 steps, all of __3__ require a level of delicacy.‎ Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong for example. He uses a fine screen to filter(过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and it's a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds __4__ (form) and shape it, but they've devoted __5__ (them) to perfecting the skills for decades.‎ ‎“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is the __6__ (difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, ‎ 7‎ and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin for error is __7__ (extreme) small，” said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly.‎ The skill of papermaking，__8__ (recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt __9__ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage(非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingxian County, Xuan papermaking __10__ (teach) in schools.‎ 答案与解析 本文介绍宣纸的发明经历。2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。‎ ‎1．existence　固定词组：come into existence 产生，开始存在，故答案为existence。‎ ‎2．by　固定搭配：by hand 用手，手工，故答案为by。‎ ‎3．which　句意：这个过程需要多达108个步骤，所有这些步骤都需要一定程度的精致。此处steps做先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺少主语，all of which做主语，故答案为which。‎ ‎4．to form　固定句式：It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间，可知答案为to form。‎ ‎5．themselves　固定结构：devote oneself to献身于……，故答案为themselves。‎ ‎6．most difficult　根据of all可知此处是形容词最高级，故答案为the most difficult。‎ ‎7. extremely　副词修饰形容词，故答案为extremely。‎ ‎8．recognized　此处是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为recognized。‎ ‎9．a　句意：2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。也就是我们有一种自豪感。故答案为a。‎ ‎10．has been taught　根据Since then是现在完成时态的标志，Xuan papermaking 和teach之间是被动关系，所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为has been taught。‎ 7‎ 8‎