2020届二轮英语复习主谓一致课件 42页

Subject–Verb agreement 主谓一致 Unit 1 Grammar To learn the subject–verb agreement and use it properly Guessing Game As long as you love me 3 Although loneliness ____ always been a friend of mine, I__ leaving my life in your hands. People say I__ crazy and I ___ blind. Risking it all in a glance. How you got me blind ___still a mystery. I can’t get you out of my head. Don't care what ___ written in your history. As long as you ___ here with me. I don't care who you ___. Where you from. What you ___. As long as you ____ me. has am am am is is are are did love did love Who you ____. Where you from. Don’t care what you ___. As long as you ____ me. are are are 1．(2018•全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 2．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food ________ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 3．(2016•全国卷Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________ (be) often acceptable. 4. 改错(2018•全国卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well. 5. 改错(2014•全国卷Ⅱ)My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends ... My dream school look like a big garden. is is is includes looks 高考链接 主谓一致的定义 英语句子中， 主语的“人称”和“数” 要限制、决定 谓语动词的形式变化 ，这就叫 “主谓一致” 关系。 它通常依据三项原则： 语法一致 意义一致 ( 单单，复复） 就近一致 Have you ever seen the reality show? Running Man, Chinese version, is a top reality TV show (真人秀), in which 7 main members _______ (compete) with each other . Deng Chao , a famous actor and director , ______ (act) as the leader as well as a competitor of this show. All the team members ________ (remove) competitors name cards off their backs. The show is s o popular that not only I but also my friends _____ (like) it. The reason why the show has achieved such a great success is that the team _____ (have) been competing and cooperating ( 合作 ) with each other . Thus, everybody thinks that the team _____ (be) a wonderful one. compete acts like have is remove 语法一致原则: 单 单 复 复 主语为 单数形式， 谓语动词也采用 单数形式； 主语为 复数形式， 谓语动词也采用 复数形式。 １．and 连接的名词作主语 Li Chen and Chen He (be) good brothers. are and 连接的名词表示 不同的事、人 ,谓语动词用 复数 and 连接的两个名词，指 同一个人或物时 ( 指同一概念的时 ) 谓语动词用 单数 ， 此时 and 的后面的 名词前面没有冠词 。 １．and 连接的名词作主语 The actor and director often _______ (attend) Running Man . A knife and fork is used to have meals. attends It's said that Song Zhongji as well as other members of Korean Running Man _____ (be) going to turn up in the show , Chinese version . is 2. 主语后面带有 with, together with, along with , as well as, besides , including , in addition to, like , without, except , but , rather than , as much as , 等连接的词时， 谓语动词 根据 这些词的主语 来确定形式． 就远原则 1. The teacher with two students ______ at the meeting . (was / were) 2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, ________ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play was 3. A library with five thousand books ___ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 4. Nobody but Jane ___ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 3.表示成双成套的名词，如： chopsticks , glasses, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves 等作 主语 时, 谓语动词 通常用 复数形式 . Glasses ______ (is, are) sometimes important to a person's image. are The pair of glasses (make) Deng Chao more charming. makes 但如与 a kind of, the kind of, a pair of, the pair of 等 连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式. 1. Each of the shows _______ ( attract ) millions of audience. attract s 2. Neither of them _______ ( know ) who will win until the end . know s each neither either +of + the+复数名词或代词 在句中 作 主语 时， 谓语动词 应该用 _____ ; 4. 3. Everybody ______ (want) to be present at the scene of the show. wants 不 定代词 作主语时，谓语动词用 单数 。 （ 如 someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing ） 单数 5. 连接的 并列主语 被 each, every, no或 many a , more than one 修 饰时， 谓语动词用单数 。 1. More than one pop star _____( want ) to be a competitor of Running Man. 2. Many a young man ______(think) highly of this show. wants thinks Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake. Each man and woman ______ the same rights. A. has    B. have    　　C. had    D. is having One or two students were (be)planting the trees yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午有一两个学生在种树。 one or two +n. 复 做主语时 ， 谓语动词复数形式 就近一致 1. 一些连词连接两个主语时， 谓语 应与 最靠近的主语 保持一致。 A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B Verb 谓语 Here There + Verb A and B A , B and C 2. 在 there be 或here be 句型中，当be后面的名词不止一个时, 谓语动词 应该和 最靠近be动词的那个名词或代词保持一致 ． 2. There ( be ) 7 member s as well as other guests competing with each other in the show. are 1. Neither the other member s nor Angelababy ______ (know) the missions( 任务 ) before the show starts . knows 就近一致 【即学即练】用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. There ___(be) three chairs and a desk in the room. 2. Not only the students but also the teacher ________ (enjoy) listening to the music. 3. Either you or he __ (be) to blame for the accident. 4. Neither Mary nor her parents ____ (go) in for rap. 5.There _____ (be) a moon and nine suns long long ago. are enjoys is go was 就近一致 意义一致 ( 单单，复复） 意义一致 是指 主语和谓语 根据 意思上的单、复数 确定其一致的关系。 (1). Our family ____ (be) a big one. (2). Our family _____ （watch） Running Man every Friday. is watch 1. family, team, class, crowd, audience, government, group, police 等 集体名词 作主语时， 如强调 整体 ，谓语动词用 _____ 形式; 如果强调集体中的 成员 ，谓语动词用 _____ 形式。 单数 复数 2. 学科名称, 剧名，格言，国家名称等 作主语时,谓语动词用 单数形式 ； 主语为表示 长度、重量、时间、或价值的复数 时，应看作是整体, 谓语动词也用 单数形式 ． 1). Physics ______ (play) an important part in our daily life. 2). The United States_____ (act) as the world police. 3). 90 minutes ____ (is/are) not enough for audience to enjoy their singing. 4). 50 yuan ____ (have) been spent on the tickets. plays acts is has 3 . the + 形容词： 表示“一类人” 在句中作主语，谓语动词应用 _____ 形式 复数 e.g. the rich; the old; the injured; the sick The young _________ ( follow ) running man to play the same game . follow 主谓一致的其他情况 The Treasured Voice ___(is, are) a top reality TV show, in which 5 top singers _____ (is, are) the judges. is are 1. 定语从句关系代词 that, which, who 作主语，定语从句 谓语动词 的形式取决于其 ______________ 。 先行词的单复数 Five talented singers, who (have) a certain group of fans. Their music style is from each other, which (make) the reality show so popular. have makes 2. one of + 名词复数 the only one of + 名词复数 从句谓语用 复数 从句谓语用 单数 Singer is one of the reality TV shows that ________ (appeal吸引) to audience best. appeal So far, Zhou Shen is the only one of the singers who _____ (have) been ranking the top three all the time in the show. has 3. 数词与量词作主语的主谓一致 1). a number of + n（复数） 作主语，谓语用_____ the number of + n（复数） 作主语，谓语用_____ 复数 单数 A number of people ______ (dream) of joining the Chinese Poetry Competition . dream The number of the members of the competitors ___ (be) 1 00. is (large)quantities of + 可数/ 不可数名词 主语 总用复数形式 a (large) quantity of 谓语动词 后面的名词是否可数 类似用法：a large amount of, large amounts of 1). Large quantities of time _____ (is, are) spent on dress rehearsal(彩排). 2). A large quantity of money ________ (has, have) been earned through this show. are has the rest of all of most of part of half of … percent (%) of one third of + 名词 谓语动词 的单复数取决于 of 后面的名词表示的意义 。 1). 18.13 % of the members of the jury(听审团) ________ (support) Zhou Shen , which makes h im rank first. 2). Half of the work ______ (have) not been done. support has 4 . 动名词，不定式 作主语时， 谓语动词 用 ____ 。 单数 Watching crowds of popular stars performing on the scene (be) wonderful. is To see ___ to believe. is 5 . 单个主语从句 作主语时 ，谓语动词用单数； 两个或两个以上主语从句 作主语时 ， 谓语动词用复数 。 1). That Xiao Jingteng will come here to give a concert _______ (excite) every fan here. 2). What he said and how he did it _____ (be) of great help to us . excites are Summary Sum up the three principles (Subject-verb agreement) 语法一致 : 意义一致： 就近一致： 单 单 复 复 形单意复 复 形复意单 单 neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, there be 句型 等 people police news, politics physics, maths 三原则 【真题分析】 一、单项选择 1. (2017· 江苏卷) The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens ' status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词是 Great Expectations ， “Great Expectations” 是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式； 根据 “strengthened” 可知，说的是过去，故选 C 。 句意：《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。 【真题分析】 一、单项选择 2. (2017·天津卷) Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。 句意：现在骑自行车,慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。 根据动词短语 regard.as（把看做）和句意确定应该用被动语态排除A和D，再根据主语部分是由介词短语 along with连接的三动名词做主语,应该谓语动词应该就前一致,即用单数,排除C,故选B。 3. (2016·湖南卷) Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.   A. is            B. are              C.has              D. have 【解析】考查主谓一致以及时态语态。句意：在摇滚音乐会听嘈杂的音乐会会引起一些青少年的听力丧失。主语为动名词listening，谓语动词用单数。 4. (2016 四川） Such poets as Shakespeare ______widely read,  of whose works, however, some _____ difficult to understand. A. are; are         B.is; is            C.are; is         D.is; are  【解析】前句的主语是poets，后句的主语是some (works)，都需要复数形式的谓语动词。 5. (2015·湖南卷) It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve. A. is; takes B. are; takes C. are; take D. is; take 6. (2014· 湖南卷 ) All we need a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. A.are B. was C. is D. were 7. (2013·湖南卷) The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 8. (2013·江苏卷) Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【 解析】考查主谓一致。句意为：通常情况，对别人期望很高的学生的内在动机对他们的发展是必要的。主语students ' inner motivation表示单数意义，所以谓语动词用单数，并且叙述的是现在的状态，所以用一般现在时，故选A项 。 9. (2013·福建卷) The famous musician, as well as his students, ________ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited 二、单句填空 1. (2018·新课标I卷) While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ____64____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 【答案】 is 【解析】考查动词的时态及主谓一致。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填 is。 2. (2017·新课标I卷) Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food. 故填is。 3. (2016·新课标II卷) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable. 【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，故谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。 4. (2016·新课标III卷) Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的“believed”可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时；从句主语为knives，谓语动词应用复数。故填were。 训练案： 一、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. He as well as his two friends _____ (be) going for a picnic this Saturday. 2. T hree hours of outdoor exercise a week _____ (be) good for one ' s health. 3. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _____________(visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 4. 70 percent of the students in our class ______(be) girls. is is was visiting are 5 . The football team ______ (be) made up of 22 players and the team _______ (be) very young. 6 . Every man and every woman ___________ (ask) to help when the earthquake broke out. 7 . Either he or you _____ (be) interested in playing football in our class. 8 . At present the police ______________ (look) for the lost boy whose trousers ______ (be) blue. 9. Three-fifths of the workers here_____（be） women. is are was asked are are looking are are 1 0 . The manager with some workers _____(be) working during the holiday. 1 1 .The truck along with all its contents ______ (be) destroyed. 1 2 . No one except two girls ____ _ ( be ) late for dinner. 1 3 .Serving the people ___ ( be ) my great happiness. 14 .About three-fourths of the earth ' s surface________（be) covered with water. is /was was is / was i s i s 二、单句改错。 1.Every means have been tried out without much result. have改为has 2.The number of tickets are limited. I can’t give you more. are改为is 3.The police is searching the building for the murderer. is改为are 4.Tom and Jack were playing basketball on the playground. The rest of us was at work within door. was改为were 5.What caused the accident are a completely mystery. are改为is 6 .He is the only one of the students who have passed the exam. have改为has