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Unit 3 Travel journal
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．journal n． 日记；杂志；
定期刊物
2．fare n. 费用
3．route n. 路线；路途
4．boil vi. (指液体)沸腾；(水)开
5．stubborn adj. 顽固的；固执的
6．detail n. 细节；详情
7．forecast n．& vt. 预测；预报
8．parcel n. 小包；包裹
9．source n. 来源；水源
10．altitude n. 海拔高度；高处
11．glacier n. 冰河；冰川
12．valley n. (山)谷；流域
13．waterfall n. 瀑布
14．pace vi. 缓慢而行；踱步
n. 一步；速度；步调
15．insurance n. 保险
16．wool n. 羊毛；毛织品
17．pillow n. 枕头；枕垫
18．flame n. 火焰；光芒；热情
19．rapids n. 急流
20．temple n. 庙宇；寺庙
21．cave n. 洞穴；地窖
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．flow vi. 流动；流出
n. 流动；流量
2．persuade vt. 说服；劝说
3．shortcoming n. 缺点
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4．schedule n. 时间表；进度表
vt. 为某事安排时间
5.__fond adj. 喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的
6．bend n. 弯；拐角
vt. 使弯曲
vi. 弯身；弯腰
7．transport n. 运送；运输
vt. 运输；运送
8．attitude n. 态度；看法
9．view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解
vt. 观看；注视；考虑
10．journey n. 旅行；旅程
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．advantage n．有利条件；优势→disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处
2．organize vt.组织；成立→organizer n．组织者→organization n．组织→organized adj.有组织的
3．graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼
4．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→preference n．偏爱；爱好
5．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
6．rely v．依赖；信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的→reliably adv.可靠地
7．cycle vi.骑自行车→cyclist n．骑自行车的人
8．final adj.最后的→finally adv.最后； 终于
1.与“性格”有关的形容词小结
①stubborn 顽固的；固执的
②easygoing 随和的
③outgoing 外向的
④gentle 温和的
⑤optimistic 乐观的
⑥outspoken 坦率的
2.“最终；终于”家族
①finally adv. 最后；终于
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②eventually adv. 最后；终于
③at last 最终；终于
④in the end 最后；终于
⑤at length 最后；终于
3.表示“优缺点”的相关词汇
①
②
③drawback n． 缺点
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．ever__since 自从；自……以后
2．be__fond__of 喜爱；喜欢
3．care__about 关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
4．graduate__from... 毕业于……
5．make__up__one’s__mind 下决心；决定
6．give__in__ 投降；屈服；让步；上交
7．as__usual 照常
8．at__midnight 在午夜
9．put__up 张贴；搭建用；寻找；搜寻
10．dream__about/of 梦想
1.“v.＋in”相关短语一览
①believe in 相信
②hand in 上交
③take in 吸收
④check in 登记
⑤call in 召集
⑥give in 投降；屈服；让步
2.“be＋adj.＋of”短语集锦
①be fond of 喜欢；喜爱
②be tired of 对……厌倦
③be afraid of 害怕……
④be aware of 意识到；知道
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⑤be proud of 为……自豪
⑥be sure of 确信
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：insist that...(should) do sth.坚持主张……(应该)做某事
Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she__insisted__that__she__organize the trip properly. 尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
句型2：“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构
When I told her the__air__would__be__hard__to__breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄、呼吸困难且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
句型3：once引导状语从句
Once__she__has__made__up__her__mind,__nothing can change it.
一旦她下定决心，什么也无法使她改变主意。
句型4：can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地要做某事
We can__hardly__wait__to__see them！ 我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I’m writing to tell you something about the upcoming volleyball tournament, which is scheduled(安排) to be held in the new stadium next month.
2．Everyone present at the meeting had different views (观点), so they failed to reach an agreement.
3．In spite of all her shortcomings(缺点) I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.
4．The chairman forecasts(预报) that average salary increases will remain around 4 percent.
5．(2019·北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude(态度) towards college before thinking about which college to attend.
6．We are looking for someone who is reliable(可信赖的) and hardworking.
7．Don’t let yourself be persuaded(persuade) into buying things you don’t really
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want.
8．The supplies were transported(transport) to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ完形)The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers are disappearing，changing the face of Kilimanjaro.冰川
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ七选五)They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.枕头；枕垫
3．(2018·江苏卷)As a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption.来源
4．(2018·北京卷)Interested in it, they watched carefully and even took photos, trying to take down all the details.细节；详情
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation．(graduate)
2．John is very reliable—if he promises to do something，he will do it, so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.(rely)
3．Li Hua is a young man with great determination．He determined to go to Tibet after graduation. Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.(determine)
4．He joined the organization which was organized by his school as soon as it was set up.(organize)
5．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils，but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students.(prefer)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
can’t wait to do sth.; give in; ever since; dream of; care about; be fond of
1．Ever__since I was a child, I have 2.been__fond__of travelling. I have 3.dreamed__of organizing a trip to Tibet.What my mother 4.cared__about was whether I could adapt to the climate there.I tried to persuade my mother to travel with me. Finally, she 5.gave__in to me and agreed to my plan and I 6.couldn’t__wait__to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Tibet. It was through this travelling that I realized not only could I get close to nature but I also could broaden my horizons and strengthen my love for my family.
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Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我坚持认为你应该带一件合适的礼物去拜访你的中国朋友。
I insist that you should__bring__an__appropriate__gift__to visit your Chinese friend.
2．尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃。
Even though the problem was__difficult__to__solve,__I didn’t give up.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)排球比赛将于11月22日在我们学校体育馆举行，许多学生迫不及待地参加比赛。
The volleyball game is scheduled to take place in our school stadium on November 22nd and a number of students can’t__wait__to__join__in__the__competition．
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)一旦你更好地了解了中国餐桌礼仪， 你就知道在晚宴上做什么了。
Once__you__have__a__better__understanding__of__the__Chinese__table__manners,__you will know what to do at the dinner party.
prefer vt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I’m quite satisfied, and I prefer renting such an apartment to buying(buy) one.
②Unlike fastfood places, fine dining shops prefer customers to__stay(stay) longer and spend more time.
③(2019·天津卷书面表达)Several reasons may account for my preference(prefer) for western painting.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿浪费有限的资源。
④I prefer__to__live__simply__rather__than__waste the limited resources. (prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)
⑤I prefer__living__simply__to__wasting the limited resources. (prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)
⑥I would__live__simply__rather__than__waste the limited resources. (would do
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sth. rather than do sth.)
⑦I would__rather__live__simply__than__waste the limited resources. (would rather do sth. than do sth.)
(1)prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.
宁愿(做)某事而不愿(做)某事
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth.
希望/愿意某人做某事
(2)
(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
[佳句背诵] I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month. 在下个月的欢迎仪式上，与中国的传统服装相比，我更喜欢校服。(2019·江苏卷书面表达)
[名师点津]
prefer不用于进行时；不可与比较级连用。
persuade vt.说服；劝说
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/对比填空
①While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being__persuaded(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.
②Though I had advised her for many times, I couldn’t persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.(persuade与advise)
[能力提升]——一句多译
(浙江卷书面表达)我设法说服我的同学接纳了我的想法。
③I managed to persuade__my__classmates__to__accept__my__idea．(persuade)
④I managed to persuade__my__classmates__into__accepting__my__idea．(persuade)
⑤I managed to talk__my__classmates__into__accepting__my__idea．(talk)
⑥I managed to convince__my__classmates__to__accept__my__idea．(convince)
(1) 说服某人做某事
(2) 说服某人不做某事
(3)
[佳句背诵] He is so stubborn that perhaps nobody can persuade him to change
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his mind.
他那么顽固以至于或许没有人能说服他改变主意。
[名师点津] “说服某人做某事”荟萃：
persuade sb.into doing sth.
talk sb.into doing sth.
convince sb.to do sth.
determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined(determine) to test my own theory.
③The determined(determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
④(普通表达)I know an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month. I decide to work as a volunteer.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)Knowing__an__exhibition__of__Chinese__painting__will__be__held__at the gallery next month, I am__determined to work as a volunteer.(分词作状语)
(1)determine on/upon 决定
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人决定做某事
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决心
[佳句背诵] As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard, which determines our future. 作为一名高中生， 最重要的任务是努力学习， 这决定着我们的未来。
[名师点津] 高考中常考查determined to do sth.作状语，有类似用法的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in等。
view n．风景；视野；观点，看法；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑
[一词多义]——写出下列句中view的词性及含义
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①His view of life has changed a lot ever since the experience he had in Africa three years ago.n.观点；见解
②I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.n.风景
③Although life in a new country can be difficult, it can broaden our view.n.视野
④We can view the problem in many ways.vt.考虑
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)We stand on the top of Mount Tai. We are able to see the beautiful scenery of the whole city.
(高级表达)Standing__on__the__top__of__Mount__Tai,__we are able to have__a__good__view__of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.(分词作状语)
(1)come into view 进入视野；看得见
(2)in view of 由于；鉴于；考虑到
in one’s view/opinion 在某人看来
(3)view...as... 把……看作……
[佳句背诵] When we stood on the top of the mountain, the whole city came into our view.
我们站在山顶时，整个城市尽收眼底。
[联想发散] (1)“就某人看来”的表达有：
①in__one’s__view； ②in__one’s__opinion；
③from__one’s__point__of__view;__ ④as__far__as__sb.__be__concerned．
(2)“开拓视野”的表达有：
①broaden__one’s__view;__ ②broaden__one’s__horizons．
care about 关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
[基础练习]——用care的相关短语填空
①(2018·浙江卷6月)This small act will let your neighbors know that you care__about the area.
②The mother continued to care__for the young panda for more than two years.
③He handled the instrument with__care for fear that it should be damaged.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·天津卷书面表达)我的老师关心我，为我将来的职业生涯做准备。
My teacher cares__about__me and prepares me for my future career.,
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(1)care for 喜欢；照料
(2)take care 当心
take care of 照料；处理
with care 小心；慎重
[佳句背诵] This experience has taught me that, we should also care about every small thing, because they are what make our success possible.
这段经历告诉我，我们也应该关心每件小事，因为它们使我们的成功成为可能。
make up one’s mind 下决心；决定
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I made up my mind to__study(study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.
②With so much noise around, the boy could not fix his mind on/upon what he was doing at all.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)First of all, remember that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)First of all, bear/keep__in__mind that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time.
change one’s mind 改变主意
bear/keep...in mind 记住……
fix one’s mind on/upon 将注意力集中于……
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
[佳句背诵] After a heated discussion, we made up our minds to record our experiences at school.
经过激烈的讨论， 我们下定决心录制在校的一些活动经历。(2017·北京卷书面表达)
[名师点津] make up one’s mind中的名词mind有数的变化，根据one’s的单复数来确定mind的单复数。
give in 投降；屈服；让步；上交
[基础练习]——用give的相关短语填空
①The children were required to give__in their examination papers immediately.
②At the beginning, learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to
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give__up without even trying.
③Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away．
④The rotting bananas are giving__off a bad smell, so you’d better throw them away.
⑤After two days our food gave__out,__and we had to return to the camp.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑥那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区，捐赠给那里的人们许多钱。
That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave__away__a__lot__of__money__to__the__people__there．
give in to sb. 向某人屈服
give away 赠送；泄露；出卖
give back 归还
give off 放出；散发出
give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，精疲力竭
give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把……送交
[佳句背诵] At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
起初，罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对自己的技术很自信。(2018·天津卷)
[名师点津] give in作“让步；投降”讲时，为不及物动词，其后需加介词to再接宾语。
insist that... (should) do sth. 坚持主张……(应该)做某事
(教材P18)Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My husband and I insisted that our children were (be) old enough to make their beds.
②Faced with so many challenges from America, the government insisted that we (should)__take(take) a series of measures to deal with the situation.
[能力提升]——微写作
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③(2017·天津卷书面表达)老师坚持要(我们)充分利用每一分钟把工作做好。
The teacher insisted that every minute (should)__be__made__full__use__of__to__do the work well.
(1)insist(坚持说/认为) that...，从句用陈述语气。
(2)insist(坚决要求/主张) that sb.(should) do...，从句用虚拟语气。
(3)insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”。
[佳句背诵] As we all know，China has always insisted that all countries，big or small, should be equal.
众所周知，中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。
[名师点津] insist/suggest 跟宾语从句是否用(should＋)do sth.分清含义是关键。
“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构
(教材P18)When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄、呼吸困难且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite.The morning air is so good to__breathe(breathe)．
②In my view, the new flat is very comfortable to__live(live) in.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(普通表达)Last but not least, I’m warmhearted and easygoing. I’m easy__to__get__along__with(容易相处)．
④(高级表达)Last but not least, I’m so__warmhearted__and__easygoing__that__I’m__easy__to__get__along__with．(so...that...句型)
句型
主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
特点
常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
使用条件
常用的形容词有difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等
不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系
[佳句背诵] You should make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.
你应该与容易相处的人交朋友。
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Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．One of the disadvantages(advantage) of online shopping is that our information is known to other people.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Finally(final) you climb into an arcticlike zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation(graduate) from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before.
4．The activities, organized(organize) by the Students’ Union, have benefited a lot of students.
5．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are__persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.
6．Ever since I graduated from Peking University, I have__been__working(work) in this big company for five years.
7．Bananas are packed before being transported(transport) to docks for shipment overseas.
8．He shared with us a detailed(detail) description of his experiences at the Olympic Games.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．I can’t wait to__tell (tell) Mary the good news that she has been admitted to Peking University.
2．He insisted that we (should)__change(change) our schedule, though no one really agreed with him.
3．On weekends, they always drive to the seaside, where they put up their tents to enjoy the sunlight.
4．It was your bad attitude towards your work that made your parents upset.
5．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard to__settle(settle)．
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．In my views, there is no need to care too much about your clothes.views→view
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2．These were so difficult questions that none of us could settle them.so→such
3．Many tents have put up to provide temporary housing for the people in the disasterhit area.在have后加been
4．The scientist prefers going to work on foot every day to drive his car.drive→driving
5．Although I can’t help admiring the man’s courage, but I don’t approve of his methods.删除but或者but→yet
6．It was a great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. 删除a
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right.vt.确定
2．(2019·江苏卷)The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.vt.安排
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C.vt.观赏
4．He is a fond father who never scolds his children too much.adj.慈爱的
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
I have decided to go to western remote areas to be a volunteer teacher next month.However, my parents prefer me 1.to__go (go) abroad for further study.I will never give 2.in,__whatever they might do or say about my plan.Once I have determined upon 3.doing(do) something, I will make my dream come true with great 4.determination(determine)．
(二)
George is interested in a job with frequent trips to foreign countries. After 1.graduating(graduate) from college, he works in a company as a(n) 2.organizer(organize) of advertising campaigns. Being efficient and 3.reliable(rely), he has got a good salary. Last month, he came to China for sales promotion. Though his inability to speak Chinese put him at a(n) 4.disadvantage(advantage), he carried out his work with great courage and 5.determination(determine). Believe it or not, he achieved success 6.finally(final)．
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提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条路线可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：①你建议的路线；②你的理由；③你的祝愿。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①得知你自毕业后一直梦想到中国游玩，并已决定到中国来，我很高兴。
I’m delighted to learn that you__have__dreamt__about/of__visiting__China__ever__since__graduation and that you__have__made__up__your__mind__to__come__to__China．
②对你的到来，我感到非常兴奋，并迫不及待地给你以下建议。
I’m excited about your coming, so I__can__hardly__wait__to__give__you__some__recommendations．
③相比泰山之旅，我更喜欢长江之行。
I__prefer__the__tour__along__the__Yangtze__river__to__the__trip__to__Mountain__Tai.
④通过长江之行，你会更好地了解中国的历史及其人民。
Through the trip along the Yangtze river, you__will__have__a__good__knowledge__of__the__history__of__China__and__its__people．
⑤长江沿岸不仅风景非常迷人，而且空气呼吸起来很新鲜。
Not__only__the__views__along__the__Yangtze__river__are__very__attractive__but__also__the__air__is__fresh__to__breathe.
⑥我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择。
I__insist__the__trip__along__the__Yangtze__river__is__a__better__choice.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用分词作状语升级句②
Excited__about__your__coming,__I__can__hardly__wait__to__give__you__some__recommendations.
⑧用强调句式升级句④
It__is__through__the__trip__along__the__Yangtze__river__that__you__will__have__a__good__knowledge__of__the__history__of__China__and__its__people.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：personally, to begin with, more importantly, therefore)
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Jim，
I’m delighted to learn that you have dreamt about/of visiting China ever since graduation and that you have made up your mind to come to China. Excited about your coming, I can hardly wait to give you some recommendations.
Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze river to the trip to Mountain Tai. To begin with, it is through the trip along the Yangtze that you will have a good knowledge of the history of China and its people. More importantly, not only the views along the Yangtze river are very attractive but also the air is fresh to breathe. Therefore, I insist the trip along the Yangtze river is a better choice.
Yours，
Li Hua
(建议用时：50分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·武汉高三训练题)In 2011, the old style Malta buses were taken off the road and replaced by modern vehicles. Most of the old buses were deserted, a few were sold, and about 100 of them were put into storage in the hope of showing them in a museum at some stage.
A pre2011 visit to Malta wouldn’t have been complete without a ride on one of the colorful buses. Until 1973 you could tell the destination of the bus just by looking at its color—Sliema was green and white, Zabbar was red and white with a blue stripe(条纹) etc. Later, the buses all had numbers. For a while, they were all painted green and white before the “final” orange, yellow and white.
In their prime,__walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station, you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design. Most of them had locally built bodies. On the front of the buses carried names like Dodge, Leyland, Bedford ect. You were equally likely to find football pennants
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(锦旗) and the like decorating the cabs. Real bus experts would have recognized that these were there mainly for decorative reasons, and were seldom an accurate reflection of the vehicle’s origins.
Nowadays much more modern buses are to be found at the Floriana bus station. They are more environmentally friendly and possibly even more comfortable than the older types. However, I miss the old buses. I remember, when you boarded your bus, you had to prepare the correct change to pay the usually badtempered driver as you got on. If you were seated anywhere near the front, you would have noticed that most drivers sat well to the right of their steering wheel. The reason for this, as any Maltese would tell you, was to leave space for their pet to sit alongside them. I wonder where the pet sits these days.
【解题导语】 2011年马耳他老式交通工具被现代的交通工具取代，老式公交车正式成为过去。
1．What makes a pre2011 visit to Malta special according to paragraph 2?
A．Traveling in colorful buses.
B．Using buses with stripes.
C．Painting buses bright colors.
D．Telling destinations by different colors.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“A pre2011 visit to Malta wouldn’t have been complete without a ride on one of the colorful buses.”可推知，2011年以前，五彩缤纷的公交车是马耳他的一大特色。故选A。
2．Which of the following best explains “prime” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．Painful time. B．Exciting time.
C．Moment of fantasy. D．Moment of glory.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要讲述了老式公交车的盛行时期，因此画线词意为“在盛行时期”。故选D。
3．What can we learn about Malta buses when they were popular?
A．They were of the same pattern.
B．The decorations reflected their origins.
C．Most were uniquely designed.
D．Only football pennants decorated the cabs.
C 解析：推理判断题。本文第三段讲述了老式公交车的盛行时期。根据该段第一句中的“you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design”可推知，大部分老式公交车的样式都是独一无二的。故选C。
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4．How would the author feel about the old style Malta buses?
A．Comfortable. B．Environmentfriendly.
C．Safe. D．Memorable.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“However, I miss the old buses.”可知，作者非常怀念马耳他老式公交车。故选D。
【难句分析】 In their prime, walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station, you would have found it very difficult to see two buses of exactly the same design.
分析：句中walking around the Triton fountain at the Valletta bus station为现在分词短语作伴随状语，find it＋adj.＋to do sth.为固定用法。
译文：在它们的鼎盛时期，走在瓦莱塔汽车站的Triton喷泉附近你会发现看到两辆设计一模一样的公交车是很难的。
B
(2020·贵阳高三摸底)Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill(溅) on you. The smells of some passengers’ food are very strong, too.
According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th, passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway. Violators(违规者) who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off. The violation will also be recorded in the violators’ credit record.
Some support the rule. The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers.“The smell of food fills the carriage, causing people discomfort, especially in the hot summer. Besides, eating on the subway produces rubbish. And on the subway, people often spill their drinks，” said Zheng Yiou, 17, a student from Hefei.
However, others question this rule.“Some citizens live so far from their workplaces that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work，” He Songlin, a 17yearold student from Chengdu said.“And some people, like those with low blood sugar levels, get sick if they can’t eat when they must.”
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Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations. Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway. For example, eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington, D．C. Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.
Chen Yanyan, a professor from Beijing University of Technology, believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway.“Commuters(上班族) and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat. Maybe we could learn from Tokyo, where there are many subway stations equipped with services, allowing passengers to eat and drink，” she said.
【解题导语】 《北京市轨道交通乘客守则》规定在地铁上禁止乘客(除了病人和婴儿)吃东西、喝饮料。南京和成都等城市和一些国外的城市也出台了相应的规定。有些人支持这一规定，也有一些人认为在地铁上吃喝能节省时间、避免上班迟到，而且有些人是因为身体原因必须吃喝。北京工业大学的一名教授认为我们可以学习东京地铁站的做法。
5．In which city were subway passenger regulations carried out on May 15th?
A．Chengdu. B．Nanjing.
C．Washington, D．C. D．Beijing.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations, which went into effect on May 15th”可知，D项正确。
6．What is the punishment for the passengers who break the rules in Singapore?
A．Eating on the subway.
B．Drinking on the subway.
C．Being fined heavily.
D．Being asked to get off the train.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段尾句“Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars.”可知，在新加坡，违规在地铁上吃喝将被罚款最高500新加坡元。故C项正确。
7．What is Chen Yanyan’s attitude to eating or drinking on the subway?
A．Worried. B．Sympathetic.
C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据尾段内容可知，陈教授认为，我们应当考虑一些人对在地铁上吃喝的需求。上班族和旅客太忙，没有时间吃饭，故应当学习东京的做法，在地铁站配备相应的服务系统，允许乘客在地铁站吃喝。据此可推知，陈教授是赞同在地铁上吃喝的，故B项正确。
8．What would be the best title for the text?
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A．Food and Drink Banned on Subway
B．The Adventure of Subway Traveling
C．Ways to Eat and Drink on Subway
D．The Services on Subway Stations
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文第二段第一句“According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations...passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.”为全文的主题句；并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了《北京市轨道交通乘客守则》的规定，即除婴儿和病人外，乘客不得在地铁上吃喝；并介绍了与此有类似规定的城市的情况及人们对此的态度，故A项最适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·惠州高三调研)It’s once again been declared the world’s most popular museum. __1__， it may not be a __2__ thing for the Louvre(卢浮宫) in Paris.
The museum broke its own __3__ in 2018, welcoming 10.2 million __4__ and claiming the top spot in an index of the world’s mostvisited museums.
But the Louvre’s uptick(小幅增加) in visitors is __5__ too much for many of its workers. And __6__ by reception and security staff over the number of tourists __7__ through its doors have hit opening hours throughout the week.
“The Louvre is suffocating(使人窒息的)，” the workers’ union said in a statement.“The public has increased by more than 20% since 2009, but the palace has not grown，” it __8__.
The museum was __9__ on Monday and opened later than advertised on Wednesday, due to a __10__ with the dissatisfied workers. Visitors have __11__ outside the building throughout the week, and those without bookings have been __12__.
Although tensions with its workers __13__， the museum’s bottom line is looking __14__. The Louvre broke its 2012 __15__ record last year, marking a dramatic __16__ from a sharp downturn in visits in 2017. The downturn was due to a sudden decrease in __17__ in Paris.
The social media that are __18__ about Beyoncé and JayZ’s music __19__ filmed at the museum may have affected that increase.
But while visitor numbers rose at the Louvre, overall attendance was relatively __20__ among the top 20 museums in the world last year. Attendance grew among the top 20 by just 0.1% from 2017 to 2018.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了游客量的增加使巴黎卢浮宫不堪重负。巴黎卢浮宫2018年的游客量打破其以往纪录，给其工作人员带来重压甚至导致罢工，
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但带来的收益很可观。
1．A.Moreover B．However
C．Finally D．Eventually
B 解析：上文是说卢浮宫又一次被宣布成为世界上最受欢迎的博物馆。根据该句中的“may not be”及下文游客量上升给卢浮宫工作人员带来的重压可知，此处表示“然而，对于巴黎卢浮宫来说，这可能不是一件很好的事情”。故选B。
2．A.splendid B．skeptical
C．tough D．sad
A 解析：splendid意为“极佳的，非常好的”；skeptical意为“怀疑的”；tough意为“难办的”；sad意为“伤心的”。
3．A.promise B．rule
C．record D．law
C 解析：根据该句中的“the top spot”并结合语境可知，这家博物馆接待了1 020万游客，打破了它的纪录。故选C。
4．A.musicians B．artists
C．visitors D．volunteers
C
5．A.acquiring B．suffering
C．blaming D．proving
D 解析：根据下文中的“The Louvre is suffocating(使人窒息的)”可知，卢浮宫的游客量的这个小幅增加最后证明是卢浮宫的工作人员所不能承受的。
6．A.strikes B．quarrels
C．fights D．contests
A 解析：根据下文工会在一份声明中所说的话可知，接待处和安保处的工作人员实行罢工是因为涌入博物馆大门的游客太多，故选A。
7．A.flooding B．jumping
C．crawling D．slipping
A 解析：flood意为“大量涌入”；crawl意为“爬行”。
8．A.stopped B．added
C．started D．paused
B 解析：根据上文内容可知，工会在一份声明中表态，此处应是工会补充说。
9．A.decorated B．repaired
C．visited D．closed
D 解析：根据本句中的“opened”并结合语境可知，该博物馆在星期一的时候闭馆，
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后来又于周三开放。故选D。
10．A.lecture B．meeting
C．speech D．lesson
B 解析：结合选项和常识可知，推迟开放的原因是一次和对现状不满意的卢浮宫工作人员的会议，故选B。
11．A.queued B．dined
C．helped D．served
A 解析：根据该句中的“outside the building”并结合选项可知，此处表示游客在卢浮宫外面排队等候，故选A。
12．A.turned up B．turned over
C．turned away D．turned on
C 解析：根据上文游客量太大，有票的还需排队等候可知，那些没有订票的游客就被拒绝进入博物馆。turn sb. away意为“把某人拒之门处，不准某人进入”，故选C。turn up“到来，偶然出现”；turn over“使翻转”；turn on“打开”。
13．A.die out B．pay off
C．fade away D．go on
D 解析：尽管博物馆和工作人员的这种紧张关系正在继续，但是博物馆的收益看起来还是很可观。
14．A.healthy B．funny
C．tinny D．cozy
A 解析：healthy“可观的”；funny“有趣的”；tinny“(声音)尖细的”；cozy“温暖舒适的”。
15．A.quality B．attendance
C．photo D．worker
B 解析：卢浮宫于去年打破了它在2012年创下的游客到访纪录，这标志着一个对2017年游客量急剧下降的巨大回升。那次下降是由突然发生的巴黎旅游业下滑引起的，故选B。
16．A.alarm B．attack
C．recovery D．prediction
C
17．A.paintings B．products
C．population D．tourism
D
18．A.innocent B．selfish
C．crazy D．generous
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C 解析：此处表示对在卢浮宫进行拍摄的Beyoncé和JayZ音乐录影特别痴迷的社交媒体也影响了此次游客量的增加。be crazy about sb./sth.“对某人/某物着迷”为固定搭配。
19．A.concert B．video
C．festival D．industry
B
20．A.high B．huge
C．round D．flat
D 解析：根据该句中的“But while”和下文中的“by just 0.1%”可知，虽然卢浮宫的游客量是上升的，但是世界上前20名的博物馆的整体到访率相对而言是不景气的。
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2020·合肥高三质检)假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter正在你们学校参加为期两周的交流项目。请你给他写封邮件邀请他一起去郊游，欣赏中国的美丽乡村。内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．特色乡村文化体验(如赏美景、看演出、品美食等)。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
①Knowing you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m very delighted to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
Let’s meet at the gate of our school at 9：00 am on Sunday. Then we are ready to go by bus.②Imagine how exciting it is when you arrive at the destination with unique culture waiting for you to explore, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food and so on.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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【一句多译】
①表达方式一：When I know that you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m more than glad to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
表达方式二：Since there are two weeks for you to stay in China due to the exchange program with our school, I’m very pleased to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
②表达方式一：When you know there are a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.
表达方式二：With a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.
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