2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Thewrittenword课后达标检测牛津译林版选修8 14页

Unit 1 The written word 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 ‎[学生用书P391(单独成册)]‎ 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·芜湖高三月考)‎ I realized something this morning. I have been writing now for 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old. As a boy I had read literally hundreds of books. I had a thirst for knowledge that seemingly could never fade. Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it, but as any writer tells you once the ideas awaken inside of you they won’t leave you alone until you write them down. I didn’t have a computer, word processor, or even a typewriter. Still, I grabbed a pen and lined notebook paper and wrote everything that was burning inside of me.‎ When I was done I didn’t know how to share it. There was no Internet back then, no smart phones, and no social media. I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written. He was a good man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write. I continued to write new articles each week and shared them first with other local papers and later online as well. Years later at the urging of my readers I even selfpublished two collections of my stories in book form.‎ Through my writing I slowly became more than I was. In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well. I also found that we all are writers whether we put pen to paper or not. With every choice we make, with every thought we hold, and with everything we do, we are writing our own life story.‎ Lance Wubbels once wrote：“I hope you realize your life is truly your life. It belongs to you. It is your story to write with love. Day by day, line by line, write it well.”‎ 14‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历。从这个过程中，作者认识到了写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。‎ ‎1．As a boy, when the author found he had something to share, ________．‎ A．he wrote it down B．he ignored it C．he shared it on social media D．he told it to a writer A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it...wrote everything that was burning inside of me.”可知，作者一开始想忽略内心的想法，但是后来还是写了下来。故选A。‎ ‎2．How did the author begin his writing career?‎ A．He was hired as a newspaper editor.‎ B．He put his stories online by himself.‎ C．He selfpublished two books.‎ D．He was helped by a local newspaper editor.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written.” 及“He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write.”可知，作者是在当地报纸的一位编辑的帮助下开始了自己的写作事业。故选D。‎ ‎3．What does the author think of writing?‎ A．Writing takes practice and efforts.‎ B．Writing can benefit oneself and others.‎ C．Writing helps people tell right from wrong.‎ D．Only with a pen can one write his life story.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，发现了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，还找到了伟大的爱和欢乐，并鼓励别人也选择爱和欢乐。由此可推知，作者认为写作利己利人。故选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Way to Be a Writer B．A Way to Share Ideas 14‎ C．Living Is Writing D．Writing Is the Source of Love C　解析：标题归纳题。从全文的内容可知，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历；再结合最后一段，作者引用了Lance Wubbels的名言表达自己对写作的感悟可知，从这个过程中，作者认识到写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。故选C。‎ B ‎(2020·重庆七校联考)J．K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day.Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.‎ She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9yearold daughter Bailey.‎ He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn’t found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn’t have the Internet or TV, which means there’s no “digital babysitter” and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.‎ Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains. “This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”‎ After hearing Burke’s story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family’s life and offered Burke more books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英国著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品对一个单亲家庭的影响。‎ 14‎ ‎5．Why did Burke thank J．K.Rowling according to the text?‎ A．She guided him how to write a good story.‎ B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.‎ C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.‎ D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9yearold daughter Bailey.”可知，单身父亲Burke感谢J. K. Rowling是因为她的哈利·波特系列丛书帮助他改善了他与女儿之间的关系，故选D。‎ ‎6．What is implied in Burke’s words in Paragraph 4?‎ A．He has found it interesting to read the series.‎ B．He was too old to understand the series better.‎ C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.‎ D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据对第四段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句中的“which has proven to be a ton of fun”可推知，Burke认为朗读这些系列丛书很有趣，故选A。‎ ‎7．Which word can best describe Burke’s experience according to the text?‎ A．Unique.　　　　　　　 B．Normal.‎ C．Precious. D．Funny.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.”可推知，对Burke来讲，这种经历是非常珍贵的，故选C。‎ ‎8．What is the main idea of this text?‎ A．J.K.Rowling chooses to help improve kids’ health.‎ B．J.K.Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.‎ C．J.K.Rowling has a deep influence on others’ growth.‎ D．Burke comes to know J．K.Rowling through her series.‎ B　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品所具有的魅力——帮助一位单身父亲改善了与其女儿的关系，故选B。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2020·福建质量检查测试)Every year, the fifth graders at Brookstone Elementary School went on a field trip to Washington, D．C. Terence __1__ the exciting trip, and was __2__ to go the next year.‎ Terence asked his parents __3__ if they would pay for half of the trip if he earned the other half of the money himself. His parents __4__. He had almost a year 14‎ ‎ to earn $150. His first __5__ was to earn money by babysitting, and he typed a nice letter __6__ that “he would babysit during his neighbors’ __7__”. He named a few afternoons available and said he would __8__ $1 per hour per child. After five babysitting __9__， he earned $45.‎ When the __10__ weather arrived, Terence knocked on his neighbors’ doors to ask if they needed help with __11__ work. He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens. After the summer was over, he earned $75. When the fall arrived, he counted his money and __12__ that he still needed $30 for his trip. Soon his mom saw a(n) __13__ for a job for him. He got a job __14__ newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper, $10 __15__ each Wednesday. It wasn’t long before he had __16__ money to go on the trip to Washington, D．C. He was __17__ in time. The class trip was on October 15. His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they __18__ him. What a great feeling! He helped __19__ the cost of his trip.‎ This experience __20__ Terence in many ways, making his dream a reality with great efforts.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。小学生Terence非常渴望去华盛顿进行实地调查旅行，他希望自己挣一半旅费，另一半由父母资助。父母答应后，他通过帮邻居照看小孩、修剪花园和给花园除杂草等工作攒够了钱。‎ ‎1．A.prepared for B．laid out C．referred to D．heard about D　解析：根据第一句可知，每年Terence所在学校的五年级学生都要去华盛顿进行实地调查旅行；结合该句中的“to go the next year”可知，Terence应该是听说了(heard about)这个激动人心的旅行，就渴望(dying)来年也去。‎ ‎2．A.dying B．grateful C．lucky D．proud A　‎ ‎3．A.curiously B．casually C．anxiously D．briefly C　解析：根据上文可知，Terence渴望去华盛顿进行实地调查旅行；又结合语境可知，此处表示Terence急切地问他的父母是否愿意支付他一半的旅行费用。C项意为“急切地，渴望地”，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．A.submitted B．agreed C．bargained D．refused B　解析：根据下文可知，他有近一年的时间去挣150美元；又根据下文中的“His mom 14‎ ‎ and dad gave him a check for the $150 they ______ him.”可知，他的父母同意(agreed)为他支付一半的旅行费用。‎ ‎5．A.idea B．job C．conclusion D．suggestion A　解析：根据该句中的“to earn money by babysitting” “typed a nice letter”并结合语境可知，他的第一个主意(idea)就是通过代人临时照看孩子来挣钱，并打印了一封信，信上说(saying)邻居不在(absence)时他可以帮他们照看孩子。‎ ‎6．A.declaring B．confirming C．showing D．saying D　‎ ‎7．A.stay B．company C．interaction D．absence D　‎ ‎8．A.pay B．spend C．charge D．donate C　解析：根据该句中的“$1 per hour per child”并结合语境可知，Terence帮邻居照看孩子的收费标准是每个孩子每小时一美元。C项意为“收费，开价”，故C项正确。‎ ‎9．A.negotiations B．sessions C．attempts D．interviews B　解析：根据语境可知，在帮助邻居照看五次孩子后，他赚了45美元。B项意为“一段时间”，符合语境，故B项正确。‎ ‎10．A.warm B．fine C．unusual D．changeable A　解析：根据下文“He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens.”可知，该处指当温暖的(warm)天气来临时，他敲邻居们的门问是否需要帮忙做院子(yard)里的工作。‎ ‎11．A.yard B．paper C．school D．volunteer A　‎ ‎12．A.admitted B．determined C．complained D．insisted B　解析：根据该句中的“he still needed $30 for his trip”和语境可知，数过钱后，他算出还需要30美元。determine“准确算出”符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.directory B．permit C．advertisement D．email 14‎ C　解析：根据下文中他开始送报纸，并结合语境和常识可知，很快他的妈妈看到一个广告(advertisement)，为他找到了一份工作。A项意为“名录，电话簿”；B项意为“许可证”。‎ ‎14．A.editing B．updating C．printing D．delivering D　解析：根据该句中的“newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper”可知，他得到了一份在每周三下午送(delivering)报纸的工作，每份报纸挣5美分，每周三总共(in total)挣10美元。‎ ‎15．A.at once B．on time C．after all D．in total D　‎ ‎16．A.extra B．much C．enough D．easy C　解析：根据上文描述的他还需要30美元和他每周三送报纸挣10美元可知，不久他就有足够的(enough)钱去华盛顿旅行了。‎ ‎17．A.just B．even C．ever D．still A　解析：根据下文“The class trip was on October 15.”可推知，秋天时他赚够了钱，正好赶上旅行。A项意为“正好”，故A项正确。‎ ‎18．A.owed B．lent C．promised D．ordered C　解析：根据上文他的父母同意给他出一半的钱可知，此处表示他的父母给了之前向他承诺的150美元的支票。C项意为“承诺”，故C项正确。‎ ‎19．A.count B．cover C．estimate D．reduce B　解析：根据上文可知，他挣了150美元，他的父母又给他150美元，所以他攒够了足以支付自己旅行的费用。B项意为“足以支付，够付”，符合语境，故B项正确。‎ ‎20．A.astonished B．shaped C．excited D．impressed B　解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，这段经历在很多方面塑造了(shaped) Terence，他以巨大的努力使自己的梦想成为现实。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五 ‎＋1篇语法填空 ‎[学生用书P393(单独成册)]‎ 14‎ 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)Author Walter Dean Myers died at the age of 76 after a brief illness. Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.‎ The prolific author was loved for his vivid description of the lives of African American children, and for writing books for young people that covered different subjects. “Myers has written about all those subjects with deep understanding and a hardwon, qualified sense of hope，” said Leonard S. Marcus in 2008.‎ He was born in 1937 and was adopted by Florence Dean and Herbert after his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister. They loved him very much and his mother read to him from a very young age. Reading pushed him to discover worlds beyond his landscape.‎ He began writing at an early age. He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him. “It’s what you do，” she said.‎ He dropped out of high school at 17 and joined the army. After finishing his service, he entered a dark period in his life. Myers began writing at night to pull himself through that miserable time.‎ In an essay published in The New York Times earlier this year, Myers described how a short story by James Arthur Baldwin helped change the course of his life. “I didn’t love the story, but I was lifted by it，” he wrote, “for it took place in Harlem, and it was a story concerned with black people like those I knew. By humanizing the people who were like me, Baldwin’s story also humanized me. The story gave me a permission that I didn’t know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”‎ ‎“I write books for the troubled boy I once was，” he wrote, “and for the boy who lives within me still.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国著名作家Walter Dean Myers的生平。‎ ‎1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A．How popular Myers was.‎ 14‎ B．How Myers became successful.‎ C．What makes Myers’ works popular.‎ D．What people think of Myers’ works.‎ C　解析：段落大意题。通读该段可知，该段首句“The prolific author...covered different subjects.”为该段主题句，结合该段其他内容可知，这位多产的作家因其对非裔美国儿童生活的生动描述，以及为年轻人写的涉及不同话题的书籍而深受喜爱。由此可知，该段主要介绍了他的作品受欢迎的原因，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．Who discovered Myers’ writing talent?‎ A．James Arthur Baldwin.‎ B．His mother.‎ C．Leonard S. Marcus.‎ D．One of his teachers.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him.”可知，他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。据此可知，他的写作天赋是他的一位老师发现的，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Productive.　　　　　 B．Unfortunate.‎ C．Conservative. D．Humorous.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.”可知，Walter Dean Myers 写了100多本儿童和年轻人读物，并获得了许多最高奖项。由此可推知，他是一位多产的作家。productive意为“多产的”，故A项正确。B项意为“不幸的”，C项意为“守旧的”，D项意为“幽默的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．Why was the short story by James Arthur Baldwin so important for Myers?‎ A．It helped him survive the dark period.‎ B．It inspired him to pursue his writing career.‎ C．He learned many writing techniques from it.‎ D．The author of the story permitted him to write.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“how a short story...the course of his life”以及最后一句“The story gave me a permission that I didn’t know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”可知，Baldwin写的故事鼓励了Myers追求他自己的写作事业，故B项正确。‎ B 14‎ ‎(2020·重庆质量抽测)Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more? Some people claim that it’s possible. In July last year, the sixtime speed reading champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3，700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work?‎ First, we need to understand how we read. The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over that sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word. The movements are known as saccades(扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.‎ Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a block of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding. In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you’ll probably get the gist(主旨) of a piece of text, but you’ll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.‎ So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速阅读有一定作用。虽然快速阅读能掌握文章的主旨，但是回忆细节还需要时间。‎ ‎5．What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Speed reading is bad at times.‎ B．Speed reading is a waste of time.‎ C．Speed reading can work sometimes.‎ D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.‎ C　解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“But do they actually work？”可知，本文第一段对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问；接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与眼睛运动系统有关，结合第三段尾句可知，使用速读应用程序你很可能掌握主旨大意，但是文章细节不一定能掌握。据此可推知，快速阅读有时是有用的，故C项正确。‎ 14‎ ‎6．What can we know from the passage?‎ A．Reading apps ensure us to read much faster.‎ B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.‎ C．Reading is no more than seeing the text words.‎ D．Reading ability is related to the eye movement system.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.”可知，人的眼睛运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，故D项正确。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “tradeoff” most probably mean in the last paragraph?‎ A．Balance.　　　　　　　 B．Change.‎ C．Business. D．Bargain.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡。据此可推知，画线词意为“平衡”，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．What might the writer continue to talk about?‎ A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.‎ B．The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.‎ C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.‎ D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡；据此可推知，本文接下来可能阐述在什么情况下进行速读以及在什么情况下进行慢读，故C项正确。‎ 七选五 ‎(2020·陕西部分学校摸底检测) Learning to set goals plays an important role as your child starts to gain independence. However, setting goals doesn’t come naturally to your child, so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.‎ Explain the word “goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer, but he may not understand what it means in everyday life. 1.________‎ Listen to your child. Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. 2.________ Let him talk about what he thinks he does ‎ 14‎ well and what he thinks he needs to improve. If he’s stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goals.‎ Help keep goals achievable. Don’t throw cold water on your child. 3.________ For example, if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.‎ ‎4．________ Help your child write down his goals in an easytofollow form. Being able to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated. A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯级). 5.________‎ A．Change goals every so often.‎ B．Make a visual goal reminder.‎ C．Don’t always tell him what you think.‎ D．He’s climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.‎ E．You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.‎ F．Once he has set up a goal, he may find it very difficult to achieve it.‎ G．When a goal is beyond his reach, help him break it down into smaller pieces.‎ ‎【解题导语】　学会制定目标在孩子获得独立上起着重要的作用，本文给出了一些帮助孩子设定目标的建议。‎ ‎1．E　解析：根据本段标题和空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，在孩子不知道目标在日常生活中意味着什么时，可以通过运动的例子来解释什么是目标。故选E。‎ ‎2．C　解析：根据本段标题和空前一句“Ideally, you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.”可知，要倾听孩子，让孩子决定他自己的目标是什么。故C项“不要总是告诉他你的想法”符合语境。‎ ‎3．G　解析：根据下文的例子“if your child wants to be a champion swimmer, but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet, you can suggest he start by making that his first goal”可知，当孩子的目标实现不了的时候，可以帮助他把目标分解成一些更小的目标来完成。故选G。‎ ‎4．B　解析：根据空处所在位置及文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题，再结合本段的内容可知，本段主要讲建立一个能够看得到的目标提醒物。故B项符合语境。‎ ‎5．D　解析：根据空前一句“A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper, writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯级)．”可知，当孩子爬到了顶点，也就接近了目标，故选D。‎ 14‎ 语法填空 ‎(2020·重庆七校联考)Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1.____________(sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头) 2.____________ (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.‎ One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3.____________(tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4.____________ it should stay—the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5.____________ pretend that it’s not there.‎ The dogs or the fish are not blame 6.____________ it. It’s our fault and we must blame 7.____________ (we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 8.____________(solve) this problem. It can’t be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9.____________ (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10.____________(damage) beyond repair.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。‎ ‎1．sunny　解析：考查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。‎ ‎2．buried　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。‎ ‎3．tourists　解析：考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。‎ ‎4．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。‎ ‎5．but　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。‎ ‎6．for　解析：考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。‎ ‎7．ourselves　解析：考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。‎ ‎8．to solve　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表目的。‎ 14‎ ‎9．importantly　解析：考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly，修饰整个句子。‎ ‎10．are damaged　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ 14‎