2018届二轮复习连词考点讲与练课件（63张） 63页

2018 届二轮复习 连词考点讲与练 真题再练 在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）。 1. (2014 卷 I·64) But the river wasn’t changed in a few days _____ even a few months. It took years of work to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water. 在否定句中起并列作用，用 or 。 or 2. (2014 卷 II·42) There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _____ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed. 前后是两个句子，应填连词；不缺句子成分，意义完整，再根据两句意义之间的逻辑性判断，是并列关系，故填 and 。 and 3. (2015 卷 I·64) I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _____________ are pictured by artists… 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 mountain tops and dark waters 。 which/that 4. (2015 卷 II·70) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _____ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 在 figure out ( 计算出 ) 后应接宾语，又由 the adobe walls needed to be 可知，应是宾语从句；修饰形容词 thick( 厚的 ) 应当用副词 how 。故填 how 引导宾语从句，表示“精确地计算出土坯房的墙需要多厚”。 how 5.(2014 卷 I·67) Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit ________________ is driving your family crazy. 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 a habit 。 that /which 6. (2014 样卷 ·2) I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table _________ I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re gone. 前后是句子，应填关联词；由句意与逻辑可知，应填表示“当 …… 时”的 when 。 when 思路点拨 1. 若并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词，可根据前后部分是联合关系 (and) 、选择关系 (or) 还是转折关系 (but) ，填恰当的并列连词。 2. 当空格前后都是句子 ( 一个主谓关系算一个句子 ) ，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时 , 就填关联词。具体填哪个关联词，由两个或几个句子之间的逻辑关系来决定。要分清主句与从句，弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定从句类型。 (1) 在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语就是名词性从句。 (2) 作定语叫定语从句。 (3) 表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等的从句叫状语从句。 3. 还要考虑引导该类从句的关联词的使用特点。如： (1) 引导定语从句的关联词一定是代表先行词并在从句中作句子成分的。 (2) 引导名词性从句的 that 没有任何意思，也不作任何句子成分 , 即句子结构和意思完整时填 that; 而 if 或 whether 有意思但不作句子成分 ; who, whom, which ， when ， where ， how 等则有意思也作句子成分。 考点归纳 并 列 连 词 并列关系 and, when (=and just at that time), not only…but also, neither…nor, both… and 转折关系 but, while （而，尽管） , yet, not…but 选择关系 or, either…or, otherwise, or else( 否则，要不然 ) 因果关系 for, so 定 语 从 句 关系 代词 先行词是 人 who/that( 主语 ), whom/that( 宾语 ), whose ( 定语 ) 注：非限制性定语从句中不用 that 先行词是事或物 which /that( 主语或宾语 ) ， whose (=of which ，定语 ) 关系 副词 先行词是时间： when( 状语 ) ；先行词是地点： where( 状语 ) ；先行词是 reason ： why( 状语 ) 名 词 性 从 句 连词 that 没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填 that 连词 if/ whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时一般可互换，但在介词后或 discuss 后引导宾语从句时只能用 whether 。引导其他名词性从句时，一般也只能用 whether 。 连接 代词 有意义，作句子成分： who, whom, whose, which, what 连接 副词 有词义，作句子成分： when, where, why, how 状 语 从 句 时间状语 when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, since, every time, the moment, hardly…when 地点状语 where, wherever( 无论什么地方，不管哪里 ) 原因状语 because, since, as, now that (=since 既然，由于 ) 目的状语 so that( 为了，以便 ), in order that, in case( 以防万一 ) 状 语 从 句 结果状语 so that ( 结果 ), so…that, such…that ( 如此 …… 以至于 ) 条件状语 if, unless ( 除非，如果不 ), as long as ( 只要 ), so long as ( 只要 ) ， on condition that( 如果 ), in case ( 如果 , 万一 ) 方式状语 as ( 像，依照 ), as if, as though ( 好像 , 仿佛 ) 状 语 从 句 让步状语 although, though, as ( 状语或表语要提到 as 前，作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用 a) ， even if, even though ( 即使 ), whether…or…( 不管 …… 还是 ), whoever (=no matter who), whatever (=no matter what), whenever (=no matter when), whichever (=no matter which) 比较状语 than, as…as, not as…as , not so…as, the same…as, such…as, the more… the more 考点练透 在下列各句中的空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词 ) 或所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。 1. (2015 广东卷 ) One day, the cow was eating grass _______ it began to rain heavily. 因 was /were doing sth. when…did…( 当某个动作正在进行时突然又发生另外一事 ) 是固定句型。 when 2. (2014 广东卷 )…our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, _____ for the week after. 因 not…but…( 不是 …… 而是 ……) 是固定句型，句意为“我们的房间预订的不是那周，而是之后的那一周”。 but 3. (2013 广东卷 ) Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ______too little. 因 too much 与 too little 显然是两个对等的并列短语，根据 neither…nor… 是固定搭配，故填 nor 。 nor 4. (2008 广东卷 ) He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _____ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. 空格前后都是句子且这两句之间没有关联词，故应填关联词；又因后句的“ he felt very happy” 与前句的“ He was very tired” 是转折关系，故填 but 。 but 5. (2015 广东卷 )When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly. 引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，相当于 in which (=and there) 。 where 6. (2014 广东卷 )I didn’t understand ______ this would happen… 引导宾语从句，表示这件事发生的原因，故填 why 。 7. (2014 广东卷 )The next day, my brother and I went to the beach, ________ we watched some people play volleyball. 先行词是地点 the beach 且在定语从句中作地点状语，故填 where (=on which =and on the beach =and there) 引导定语从句。 why where 8. (2013 广东卷 ) Nick’s guests, _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. 主句是“ Nick’s guests asked…” ；显然，“ Nick’s guests” 与“ asked” 之间是一个起补充说明作用的非限制性定语从句，先行词是人 (Nick’s guests) ，并在定语从句中作主语，故填 who 。 who 9. (2012 广东卷 ) ____ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. 因“ he thought…” 与“ he was wrong” 是两个句子 , 且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词 ; 根据两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示条件的 If 。句意为“要是他认为坐后排可以逃避 ( 别人的 ) 注意，那他就错了”。 If 10. (2012 广东卷 )Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, ________ made her feel like a star. 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子。 which 11. (2012 广东卷 ) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ______ the boy would do. 引导宾语从句并在从句中作 do 的宾语，故用连接代词 what 。 what 12. (2011 广东卷 ) My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me ________ the bus arrived. 空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词，故应填关联词；由两句之间的逻辑关系可知，是“等到车来”，表示“直到”用 until ，引导时间状语从句。 until 13. (2011 广东卷 ) Behind him were other people to _______ he was trying to talk… 空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词，故应填关联词；后面一句应当这样理解： he was trying to talk to the people, 由此可见 , 后面一句是定语从句，先行词是 people, 直接在介词后应用关系代词 whom 。 whom 14. (2010 广东卷 ) He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder ______ had been his teacher. 因空格前后都是句子，且这两个句子之间没有关联词，故一定是填关联词；由句意和逻辑可知，“这个长者是他的老师”，因此可判断出空格后这个句子是一个定语从句，先行词是 an elder ，从句中缺主语；替代先行词且在定语从句中作主语，应填 who 引导定语从句。 who 15. (2010 广东卷 ) We understand this lesson best ________ we receive gifts of love from children. 因空格前后都是句子，且这两个句子之间没有关联词，故一定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系，填表示 “在 …… 的时候” 的 when ，引导时间状语从句。 when 16. (2009 广东卷 ) Jane paused in front of a counter ________ some attractive ties were on display. 因空格前后都是句子，且这两句之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；由句意和逻辑可知，“陈列引人注目的领带”应是在“柜台”里，因此， a counter 是先行词，其后是定语从句，要填的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词 where 。 where 17. (2008 广东卷 ) One day, he came up with an idea _______ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词，应填关联词；由前后的意义关系可知，空格后是同位语从句，说明 idea 的具体内容；名词性从句的结构和意义已完整，故填连接词 that 。 that 18. Anyone _______ wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by E-mail first. 先行词是指人的 anyone 时，只能用 who 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。 19. This is Mr. Smith with _________ we worked ten years ago. 先行词是人，直接在介词后，只能用 whom 引导定语从句。 whom who 20. Children who are not active or ______ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 先行词是 children ，在 diet 前作定语，相当于 children’s ，故用 whose 引导定语从句。 21. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house _________ roof is under repair. 在 roof 前作定语，相当于“该房子的”，故填 whose 。 whose whose 22. I do not like stories ______________ have unhappy endings. 先行词是 stories ，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，用 which 或 that 。 23. In Beijing July and August are the months _______ (=in which) it rains very often. 先行词是时间并在从句中作时间状语，用 when 引导定语从句。 which/that when 24. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ (=on which) life has developed gradually. 先行词是地点并在从句中作地点状语，用 where 引导定语从句。 where 25. I can’t imagine the reason ______ (=for which=that) he turned down my offer. 先行词是 reason ，并在从句中作状语，通常用 why 引导定语从句 , 正式英语中才用 for which ，口语中常用 that 或省略不用。 why 26. Exercise is something ________can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. 当先行词是指事物的 something, anything, nothing 时，通常由 that 引导定语从句，而不用 which 。 that 27. In order to save Tom’s life, the doctors have done all _______ is humanly possible. 当先行词是指事物的 all 时，只能用 that 引导定语从句。 28. This is the best novel _______I have ever read. 当先行词是指事物，且前面有最高级或序数词修饰时，通常用 that 引导定语从句。 that that 29. We talked about the persons and things _______ we remembered in the school. 当先行词包括人和事物时，多由 that 引导定语从句。 30. I met Alice, ______ told me that she was learning Chinese. 先行词是人，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语时，只能由 who 引导。 that who 31. The man to ________ our headmaster talked just now is from Canada. 先行词是人，直接在介词后，只能用 whom 引导定语从句。 32. He _______ has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick. 先行词是代词 he 时，只能由 who 引导定语从句。句意：欲加之罪何患无辞。 whom who 33. God helps those _______ help themselves. 先行词是代词 those 时，只能由 who 引导定语从句。 34. ___________ there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 由 question 可知前面的从句内容不确定，应填表示“是否”的连词引导主语从句，故用 whether 。 who Whether 35. ________will win the match is still unknown. 赢得比赛应是人 , 故填 who, 引导主语从句。 36. Everything depends on __________ we have enough money. 在介词后引导宾语从句，表示“是否”用 whether 。 Who whether 37. Can you tell me ___________ or not the train has left? 紧靠 or not 时，只能用 whether 引导宾语从句。 38. Here are all my story-books. You can take _____________ you like best. 指你最喜欢哪本你就拿哪本。 whether whichever 39. She always thinks of _______ she can serve the customers well. 指考虑“如何”服务好顾客。 40. He got up too late. That is _______ he came late to the meeting. 前句是原因，这里是引出结果，故填 why ，引导表语从句。 how why 41. An idea came to him ________ he might do the experiment in another way. 引导同位语从句，说明 an idea 的具体内容。 42. There is no doubt _______ the earth is becoming warmer. 引导同位语从句，说明 doubt 的具体内容。 that that 43. Word came _______ our Chinese women team had won the game. 引导同位语从句，说明 word( 消息 ) 的具体内容。 44. He is not ________ he was a few years ago. 引导表语从句并在从句中作表语，相当于 the person that ，用连接代词 what 。 that what 45. Our income is now double ________ it was ten years ago. 相当于 the income that ，故用连接代词 what 引导表语从句。 46. Tom was playing computer games _________ his mother found him. 表示“当 …… 时”，故用 when 引导时间状语从句。 what when 47. She was walking along the street ______ suddenly someone robbed her of her handbag. 这是 was /were doing…when…. 句型，其中 when = and just at that time ，意为“就在这个时候”。 48. ________ she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 表示“一旦”。 when Once 49. We waited ____________ he finished his work. 表示等“到”他做完工作。 50. I didn’t go to bed _________ all my homework had been finished. 这是 not…until ( 直到 …… 才 ……) 句型。 till (until) until 51. Great changes have taken place in our village _______ the reform and opening policies began to be carried out in 1980. 主句是完成时，从句是一般过去时，表示“自从”，用 since 。 52. Hardly had I got home _______I realized I left my key in the office. 因 hardly…when ( 一 … 就 …) 是固定句型。 since when 53. No sooner had I got home _______ I realized I had left my key in the office. 因 no sooner…than ( 一 … 就 …) 是固定句型。 54. Make a mark ________ you have any doubts or questions. 引导地点状语从句，表示“在 … 的地方”。 than where 55. _______ moment he went out, it began to rain. 因 the moment =as soon as ( 一 …… 就 ……) 。 56. _____ the time he was 14, he had taught himself advanced mathematics. 因 by the time 引导时间状语从句，表示“到 …… 的时候”，主句谓语动词常用过去完成时。 The By 57. _________ there is a will, there is a way. 引导地点状语从句，表示“在 …… 的地方”。本句句意是“有志者，事竟成”。 58. Vicksburg lies _________ the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers meet. 引导地点状语从句，表示“在 …… 的地方”。 Where where 59. He made such rapid progress ______ he soon began to write articles in English. 因 such…that… 是固定句式。 60. She spoke so fast _______ nobody could understand what she was saying. 因 so…that… 是固定句式。 61. Better take more clothes _____ case the weather is cold. 因 in case 引导目的状语从句，意为“以防万一”。 in that that 62. ____ his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth. 引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为”。 63. ________everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting. 引导原因状语从句，表示大家都知道的原因，常位于句首，译作“既然”。 As Since 64. I’m trying to lose weight __________I’m so ashamed of my body. 引导原因状语从句，表示直接的原因，除单独回答 why 外，一般不用于句首。 65. No matter ________ you go, you must obey the law. 由 go 可知，表示“无论你去哪里”。 because where 66. No matter _______ busy I was, I studied English every day. 意为“无论有多忙” 或 “不管有多忙”。 67. ___________ he speaks or not, the result will be the same. 引导让步状语从句，意为“不论 …… 还是 ……” 。 how Whether 68. In Rome, do ____ the Romans do. 引导方式状语从句，表示“像 …… 一样”。 69. Child ______she is, she knows quite a few foreign languages. 引导让步状语从句， Child as she is = Although she is a child 。 as as 70. ___________________many Americans move a lot, they still recognize each other’s dialects. 引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。 71. _____________ happened, he would not change his mind. 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论发生什么”。 Although/Though Whatever 72. Some children have more difficulty learning _______ others. 由前面的 more 可知，填 than 引导比较状语从句。 73. The higher you ________(stand), the farther you will see. 在 the more…the more… ( 越 …… 就越 ……) 句型中，前者相当于一个条件状语从句，谓语动词用一般现在时。 than stand 74. You’ll fail in the exam _________ you work harder. 意思是“如果你不努力，你考试就将不及格”。 75. ____ you have finished doing your homework, you may go to bed. 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。 unless If THANK YOU!