2019届二轮复习语法专题代词课件(共43张PPT) 43页

2019 届二轮语法专题 P1-2 Pronoun Do the exercise individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1-5 me, its, it, these, me 6-10 my, my, its, one, the other A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun, noun phrase, or noun clause . What is a pronoun? Pronouns 1. My feet had hardly touched the sandy bottom when the two men jumped down, one on each side of ____ (I). 2. My dad gets cross with _____ if I leave the kitchen in a mess. 3. –Jim, can you work this Sunday? -- Why ____? I’ve been working for two weeks on end. 考点题例一 me me me 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 主格 宾格 数 人 称 格 I you she; he; it they you we me you her; him; it us you them 人称代词主格、宾格表如下： 考点梳理 (1) 人称代词有 主格 和 宾格 之分。人称代词的 主格 在句中充当 主语或表语 。如： I (we) have a question. He is a famous Korean film star. (2) 人称代词的 宾格 在句中充当 动词、介词 的 宾语或表语 。如： 1. Tell me your name. 2. I am proud of her . 3. If I were her , I wouldn’t do it . 人称代 词 1. This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie’s story about how first aid saved _____ (he) life. 2. In the winter of 1891, a certain college was having some trouble with _____ (it) boy students. 4. –Where will she sit? – The seat next to Kenny is ______. 3. It is a good habit of ______ (I) to read something before going to bed. 考点题例二 his its hers mine 我的 你的 他 ( 她， 它 ) 的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 词义 类型 my your his, her, its their your our mine yours his, hers, its ours yours theirs 物主代词主格、宾格表如下： 考点梳理 物 主 代 词 1. 形容词性物主代词只能作定语，如： This is my room, and that one is his room. 2. 名词性物主代词相当于“ 物主代词 + 名词 ”，在句中可用作表语、主语和宾语。 The pen is mine , not hers . Ours is a happy family. I like your story better than hers . 3. 名词性物主代词可与 of 连用，相当于“ of+ 名词所有格”。表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。 I went out to meet a friend of mine . 1. On my desk is a photo that my father took of _____ when I was a baby. 2. --Tom, ____ (I) bike is broken. Would you please lend _____ to me? -- Sorry. _____ (I) has been taken by Jack. You can ask him if you like. 3. This is our room, and _____ (you) is just across the hall. 举一反三 人称代词 & 物主代词 me my yours Mine yours 1. The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure. 2. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ______. 3. Niki is always full of ideas, but ______ is useful to my knowledge. 4. --When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon? -- ______. I’ll be in all day. 考点题例三 nobody none other Either some, any each, every none many, much either, neither other, another (a) few, (a) little both, all one 常见的普通不定代词有： 不定代 词 考点梳理 1. some 和 any some 和 any 都表示“一些”，既可修饰 可数名词 ，也可修饰 不可数名词 。 some 多用于 肯定句 中 , 而 any 用于 疑问句、否定句和条件句 。如 : Some of the students can speak German. Give me some . Is there any left? I don’t know any of them. some 也可用于疑问句，表示 说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议 。 Would you like some ? --Which colour do you want? -- Any of them will do. “你要哪种颜色？” “随便哪种都行。” any: pron. 任一；任何一些 any 也可用于肯定句中 含义用法 很多，许多 没多少，很少（否定） 有一些，有几个（肯定） 用于 可数名词 用于 不可数名词 2. many, much, (a) little, (a) few Many (of them) are children. Few (of us) have ever been there. A few of them are from the South. There is still a little . many much few little a few a little When you use both/neither/either + of, you always need the…/ these/those…/ my/your/his/Tom’s … eg. both of the/those restaurants I like both of those pictures. 两幅画我都喜欢。 Either of the two books will do. 两本书随便哪本都可以。 Neither of my parents is English. 我的父母都不是英国人。 3. both & either & neither 常用固定结构有： both/either/neither of + 名词（或代词）的复数 both … and … either … or … neither … nor … 不是 …… 就是 …… 既不 …… 也不 …… …… 和 …… Both Ann and Tom were late. I’m not sure where he’s from. He’s either Spanish or Italian. Neither Liz nor Robin came to the party. 当 either…or… 和 neither…nor… 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与它 最近的主语 在人称和数上保持一致。 Neither you nor he is wrong. 4. none none 意为“没有任何人或物；一个人也没有”，后可跟 of 短语 连用，既可指人又可指物。作 主语 时，谓语动词用 单数或复数均可 。强调数量，可用来回答 how many / how much 问句。 An old car is better than none . None of the trains is/are going to London. A friend to all is a friend to none . --How much money have you got? -- None . both & either & neither & none 1. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost ______ of her enthusiasm for life. 2. She’d lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _______ and moved to Cambridge. 3. “Do you prefer pork or beef?” “I don't like ______.” 4. It’s an either-or situation – we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do _____. 5. I invited some of my colleagues but not _____. both all neither none either either 两者中任何一个 neither 两者都不 none 三者或三者以上都不 both 两者都 all 三者或三者以上都 5. each 和 every Each can only speak for five minutes. Each of us has something to say. We each had a pen. Every house in the street is the same. Every student in the class passed the exam. each 和 every 都可以表示“每一”。 each 强调 个体 ，作主语时谓语动词 用 单数 形式。 every 强调 整体 情况，修饰名词时谓 语动词用 单数 形式。 each 指两个或两个以上的人或事物，而 every 指三个或三个以上的人或事物。 6. other; the other; others; the others; another 1) Do you have any  other questions? 2) He has two daughters.  One  is a nurse, the other is a worker.  3) Some  of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.  4) Two boys will go to the zoo, and  the others will stay at home. 5) I don’t like this one. Please show me another .  不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的 只作定语，常与复数名词连用；但如果前面有 the, some, any, each, no, my, your, his 等，则可与单数名词连用。 the other 两者中的一个 常与 one 连用，构成“ one…, the other… ”；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”。 others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语，可以构成 some…others… 结构 the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物。 another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作限定词或代词 1. 当形容词或 else 修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或 else 必须放在这些词的后面。 Did you meet anybody interesting at the party? If it doesn't work, try  something else . 2. everyone 的意思等同于 everybody, 只能指人； every one 既可以指人也可以指物，还可以和 of 短语连用。 I’d like everyone to be happy. I have kept every one of her letters. 复合不定代 词 1. The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure. 2. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ______, knives and forks. 3. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _______ of them wants to, because they have work to do. 4. The book is of great value. _______ can be enjoyed unless you digest it. 举一反三 nobody others neither Nothing 5. –Which of those ties do you like best? -- _______. They are all too expensive and don’t go well with my new suit. 6. If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get ____ for me? 7. – There ’ re four bedrooms in the house _______ with its own shower. – That ’ s what I want. I ’ ve got a few kids. 举一反三 None one each 1. –Who’s that at the door? -- _____ is the milkman. 2. Susan made _____ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 3. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. 4. _____ was three weeks later that he had heard the news. 考点题例四 It it it It it 的用法 I can’t find my ticket. I think I have lost it . 1. 指代前面提到过的事物。 2. 代替指示代词 this 或 that 。 --What’s that? -- It ’s a pen. 3. 指代时间、距离或天气。 What time is it ? It was my birthday yesterday. We can walk home. It isn’t far. It ’s raining. 4. 指代婴儿或不明身份的人。 Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is. it 的用法 I find it strange that she doesn’t want to go. She finds it boring at home. It 's no use shouting. It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks. 5. 作形式主语或形式宾语。 6. 强调句型。 强调句的陈述句形式： it is / was / might be + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其他成分 It ’s Jim who ’s the clever one. It ’s Spain that they’re going to, not Portugal. 7. not…until… 结构的强调句型。 句式为： it is / was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他成分 It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries. 1. At our factory there are a few machines similar to ______ described in this magazine. 2. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _____ on the small ones. 3. Studying Wendy’s menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald’s. 考点题例五 those that those this / these 1. 近指。 2. 指下文要提到的事。 指示代词包括 ______________________ 。 指示代词 Please remember this : No pains, no gains. that/those 1. 远指。 2. 指前面刚刚提到过的事。 He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school. this , these , that , those that 和 those 还可指代上文提及的名词，以避免重复。 1. His handwriting is as good as that of Jim’s. 2. He told me the stories of himself and those of his sister. that = the handwriting those = the stories 英语中用来表示“ 你自己 ”、“ 我自己 ”、“ 他自己 ”、“ 我们自己 ”，“ 你们自己 ”等意义的代词称 反身代词 。形式如下表： 人称 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词 常见的含有反身代词的短语 by oneself 亲自 lose oneself 迷路 teach oneself / learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过得快乐 help oneself to 随便吃 / 用 devote oneself to 献身于 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 speak to oneself 自言自语 keep sth to oneself 不把 … 讲出来 疑问代词有 who , whom , whose , what 和 which 等疑问代词用于 特殊疑问句 中，一般放在句首，可以作主语、表语、定语和宾语等。 Who called you right now? ( 作主语 ) What is this? ( 作表语 ) Whose umbrella is this? ( 作定语 ) Whom are you waiting for? ( 作宾语 ) Which is yours? ( 作主语 ) Which do you want? ( 作宾语 ) 疑问代词 it & one & that 1. During the rush hour, I have been looking for a taxi but haven’t found _____ yet. 2. I bought a radio yesterday, but ____ doesn't work well. 3. In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ____ in the UK. one it that (1) it 特指 上文提到的 同一事物 。 (2) one 泛指 上文提到的同类事物中的一个， 同类而不同物 。 (3)that 为 特指，代替前面提到的不可数名词或单数可数名词。代指前面提及的同类而非同一物，其复数用 those ，后面一般有后置定语。 ⑴ Complete the sentences with both/neither/either. Use of where necessary. _________ my parents are from London. To get to the town centre, you can go along the footpath by the river or you can go along the road. You can go _______ way. I tried twice to phone George but ______ time he was out. ___________ Tom’s parents is English. His father is Polish and his mother is Italian. I saw an accident this morning. One car drove into the back of another. Fortunately _________ driver was injured but __________ cars were quite badly damaged. Both( of ) either both Neither of neither both (2) 单句改错。 1. I was so stubborn that I wouldn’t say sorry to him, believing he had done nothing wrong. 2. When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work, they looked a little surprised at first. 3. To my great relief, he brought textbooks with them and helped me with my lessons. 4. After that, they showed us how to operate a fire extinguisher, and even gave our chances to practice using it. 5. So, instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by myself whenever he puts forward questions. I our him us ourselves If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, _____ should take a step back and identify ( 识别 ) _____ of greater and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow  is often acceptable. Most of ____ are more focused on _____ tasks in the morning than _____ are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive as possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get ____ through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. (3) Fill in the blanks with proper pronouns. Write one word for each blank. you us our those you we Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if ____ take short breaks  regularly. Give ______ body and brain a rest by stepping outside for a while, exercising, or doing ________ you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely to bring your work home. ___ could be _______ — gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever ___ is, make sure __ is a relief from daily stress rather than _______ thing to worry about.  we it It anything something your it another Thank you.