山东省青岛市黄岛区2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试学业水平检测英语试题 25页

‎2019-2020学年度第一学期期末学业水平检测 高二英语 注意事项： ‎ ‎1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3、考试结束后，将答题卡交回。‎ 第一部分：听力 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the woman do tomorrow? ‎ A. See an eye doctor. B. Go to a bookstore. C. Buy a new cell phone.‎ ‎2. What do we know about the snowman? ‎ A. It was six feet tall.‎ B. It had a carrot nose.‎ C. It took the man seven hours to make it.‎ ‎3. What is the woman writing on the form? ‎ A. Her address. B. Her birth date. C. Her phone number.‎ ‎4. Where does the conversation take place? ‎ A In a hotel. B. At a bank. C. At a restaurant. ‎ ‎5. On what day will the woman visit her mother? ‎ A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.‎ 第二节 ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答下例小题。‎ ‎6. When did the man open his Twitter account? ‎ A. In 2005. B. In 2007. C. In 2009.‎ ‎7. Where did the man work? ‎ A. Twitter. B. IBM. C. LinkedIn.‎ 听第7段材料，回答下例小题。‎ ‎8. When did the speakers last see each other? ‎ A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago.‎ ‎9. What was the woman doing in Asia? ‎ A. Traveling. B. Studying Japanese. C. Teaching biology.‎ ‎10. Who did the man marry? ‎ A. A Japanese girl. B. His workmate. C. The woman's classmate. ‎ 听第8段材料，回答下例小题。‎ ‎11. What are the speakers mainly talking about? ‎ A. A storm. B. A dream. C. A movie.‎ ‎12. What happened to the girl? ‎ A. She got lost.‎ B. She found a new land.‎ C. She was saved by a dragon.‎ ‎13. How can the man find out the dragon's name? ‎ A. By asking the woman. B. By searching online. C. By making a call.‎ 听第9段材料，回答下例小题。‎ ‎14. What will the man do this morning? ‎ A. Drive the kids to school. B. Have a meeting. C. Meet the city leaders.‎ ‎15. What is California's main problem? ‎ A. The price of water is too high.‎ B. The weather has been too rainy.‎ C. The winters have been too dry.‎ ‎16. How much rain has fallen in the last two weeks? ‎ A. Four inches. B. Nine inches. C. Ten inches.‎ ‎17. What does the woman suggest they do in the end? ‎ A. Travel to a famous desert.‎ B. Go skiing in the mountains.‎ C. Water the grass more often.‎ 听第10段材料，回答下例小题。‎ ‎18. Who was the musical guest? ‎ A. Lorde. B. Jimmy Fallon. C. Justin Timberlake.‎ ‎19. What is Saturday Night Live? ‎ A. A Broadway show. B. A dance performance. C. A television program.‎ ‎20. Who did the silly dances? ‎ A. Justin and Jimmy. B. Tina and Amy. C. Tina and Jimmy.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解 ‎ 第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Travelers in America who want to experience the Wild West can now go to a holiday in the old style to see how the American pioneers traveled and lived.‎ Today’s travelers go by horse wagon like the old-time. They set up camp at night under the stars and learn to cook their meals over fires. They also learn to lead herds of cattle with present-day cowboys and try to bring wild horses into a corral (畜栏). For those who just want to pretend half way, the special holidays offer the chance to “rough it” during the day in the wagons but sleep at night in the comfort of fan air-conditioned ranch (牧牛场) complete with swimming pool, sauna and tennis courts.‎ In Wyoming the holiday makers will travel by wagon past ghost towns and cemeteries where ‎ pioneers and wild cowboys were buried. The route goes along the same track as the Pony Express riders who braved attacks from Indians and robbers to get the mail through to the Wild West. High Island Ranch in Wyoming at the foot of the Rocky Mountains is also an ideal place to go trout fishing and to ride wild horses. In Colorado, the modern-day pioneers can stay at Randy George’s ranch and try their hand at breaking-in horses and branding (打烙印) cattle. In New Mexico there will be a chance to help in driving cattle to their new summer pastures (牧场). Trips last for a week so those taking part get a chance to get a feel for the Wild West as it really was.‎ ‎1. What is the author’s purpose by writing the passage?‎ A. To reveal the real life of the Wild West in the old time.‎ B. To tell the readers what they should prepare for special holidays.‎ C. To introduce some trips in which people can experience the Wild West.‎ D. To advertise for the most popular tourist attractions in America.‎ ‎2. What does the underlined phrase “rough it” in paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. Make the travelers comfortable.‎ B. Live a hard and simple life.‎ C. Travel everywhere in the wagons.‎ D. Bring wild horses into a corral.‎ ‎3. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?‎ A. Travelers will pass ghost towns to visit pioneers and wild cowboys.‎ B. People are not interested in how the pioneers traveled and lived.‎ C. It was not easy to deliver the mail to the Wild West in the old time.‎ D. The pioneers and wild cowboys in the old time led an easy life.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以体验的西部蛮荒旅行。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Travelers in America who want to experience the Wild West can now go to a holiday in the old style to see how the American pioneers traveled and lived.‎ ‎ (在美国，想体验西部荒原的旅行者现在可以去旧式度假，看看美国先驱者是如何旅行和生活的。)”由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一些人们可以体验的西部蛮荒旅行。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“For those whojust want to pretend half way, the special holidays offer the chance to “rough it” during the day in the wagons but sleep at night in the comfort of fan air-conditioned ranch (牧牛场) complete with swimming pool, sauna and tennis courts. (对于那些只想假装半途而废的人来说，这个特殊的假期提供了一个机会，让他们白天在马车里“艰难地度过”，而晚上则可以在配有游泳池、桑拿浴室和网球场的风扇空调牧场舒适地睡觉。)”由后面的but可知，前后文应是转折关系，故划线词“rough it”的词义应与后文的“comfort”相反。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In Wyoming the holiday makers will travel by wagon past ghost towns and cemeteries where pioneers and wild cowboys were buried. The route goes along the same track as the Pony Express riders who braved attacks from Indians and robbers to get the mail through to the Wild West. (在怀俄明州，度假者将乘坐马车经过埋葬了拓荒者和野生牛仔的鬼城和墓地。这条路线与小马快车的骑手沿着同一条轨道行驶，他们勇敢地面对来自印第安人和强盗的袭击，将邮件传递到荒野的西部。)”由此可以推断出，在过去，把邮件送到蛮荒的西部是不容易的。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时，要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境，即上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。比如：根据语境，根据同义关系，对比关系，因果关系等，尤其需注意熟词生义。例如本题第2小题，根据第二段中“For those who just want to pretend half way, the special holidays offer the chance to “rough it” during the day in the wagons but sleep at night in the comfort of fan air-conditioned ranch (牧牛场) complete with swimming pool, sauna and tennis courts. (对于那些只想假装半途而废的人来说，这个特殊的假期提供了一个机会，让他们白天在马车里“艰难地度过”，而晚上则可以在配有游泳池、桑拿浴室和网球场的风扇空调牧场舒适地睡觉。)”由后面的but可知，前后文应是转折关系，故划线词“rough it”的词义应与后文的“comfort”相反。结合选项，故选B。‎ B Up till about 130 years ago, newspapers in the United States attracted only the most serious readers. They used no illustration (插图) and the articles were about politics or business.‎ Two men changed that - Joseph Pulitzer bought the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New York Journal. Pulitzer bought the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very exciting one overnight. He added lots of illustrations and he told his reporters to write articles on every crime they could find. And they did. One of them-a woman reporter, even pretended she was mad and was sent to a hospital. She then wrote many articles about the poor treatment of patients in those hospitals where mad men were kept.‎ In 1895, Hearst came to New York from California. He wanted the Journal to be more exciting than the World. He also wanted it to be cheaper, so he lowered the price to a penny. Hearst attracted attention because his newspaper headings were bigger than anyone else’s. He often says, “Big print makes big news.”‎ Pulitzer and Hearst did anything they could to sell newspapers. For example, Hearst sent Frederic Remington, the famous illustrator, to draw pictures of the Spanish-American War. When he got there, he told Hearst that no fighting was going on, Hearst answered, “You provide the pictures. I’ll provide the war.”‎ ‎4. What kind of news did American newspapers carry 130 years ago?‎ A. Only serious matters. B. All kinds of exciting news.‎ C. Crimes and mad people. D. The treatment of patients in hospital.‎ ‎5. What can we know about the woman reporter in the second paragraph?‎ A. She helped Joseph Pulitzer buy the New York Journal.‎ B. She was forced to be mad and was sent to a hospital.‎ C. She learned a lot about the real life of the mad patients in hospital.‎ D. She made the newspaper from traditional to exciting.‎ ‎6. Pulitzer and Hearst used all the means EXCEPT ________ to make newspapers exciting.‎ A. adding illustrations into newspapers B. satisfying the needs of politicians C. getting the reporters to write about crimes D. printing big newspaper headings ‎7. What does this passage mainly talk about?‎ A. The difficulties that the newspaper owners faced.‎ B. Two most famous reporters of the United States.‎ C. Newspaper owners were fond of crimes and war.‎ D. Two important men changed newspapers greatly.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Joseph Pulitzer和William Randolph Hearst这两个人使报纸发生了很大的变化。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Up till about 130 years ago, newspapers in the United States attracted only the most serious readers. They used no illustration (插图) and the articles were about politics or business(直到大约130年前，美国的报纸只吸引最严肃的读者。他们没有使用插图和文章是关于政治或商业。)”由此可知，130年前，美国报纸上刊登的新闻只有严肃的事情。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“One of them-a woman reporter, even pretended she was mad and was sent to a hospital. She then wrote many articles about the poor treatment of patients in those hospitals where mad men were kept.”其中一名女记者甚至假装自己疯了，被送进了医院。接着，她写了许多文章，讲述《广告狂人》所在医院里病人的糟糕待遇。由此可以推知，她了解了很多关于医院里那些疯病人的真实生活。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He added lots of illustrations and he told his reporters to write articles on every crime they could find. (他加了很多插图，并告诉记者，要写每一个罪行。)”以及倒数第二段中“Hearst attracted attention because his newspaper headings were bigger than anyone else’s. He often says, “Big print makes big news.” (赫斯特之所以引起人们的注意，是因为他的报纸标题比其他任何人的标题都大。他经常说：“大的报纸能带来大的新闻。” ) ”结合选项，A，C和D文中均有提到，但B文章并未提到。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中“Two men changed that - Joseph Pulitzer bought the New York ‎ World and William Randolph Hearst of the New York Journal. Pulitzer bought the New York World in 1883. He changed it from a traditional newspaper into a very exciting one overnight. (两个人改变了这一点——约瑟夫·普利策买下了《纽约世界》，威廉·伦道夫·赫斯特买下了《纽约日报》。普利策在1883年买下了纽约世界。他一夜之间把它从一份传统报纸改成了一份非常激动人心的报纸。)”由此可知，这篇文章主要讲了两个重要人物使报纸发生了很大的变化。结合选项，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。如本题第2小题，根据文章第二段中“One of them-a woman reporter, even pretended she was mad and was sent to a hospital. She then wrote many articles about the poor treatment of patients in those hospitals where mad men were kept.” 其中一名女记者甚至假装自己疯了，被送进了医院。接着，她写了许多文章，讲述《广告狂人》所在医院里病人的糟糕待遇。由此可以推知，她了解了很多关于医院里那些疯病人的真实生活。结合选项，故选C。‎ C Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 37,500 kilometers around the world and passed through 37 countries. They did this to support grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America. ‎ The pair, who set off from London, thought their expedition was over when the vehicle started to fail. When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way. The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turns by Rich and Nick over three days. On arrival in Chepen, Peru, they discovered a mechanic who specialized in tuk-tuks and managed to fix it. ‎ The pair were back on the road and aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes. ‎ Nick and Richard uncovered some inspirational projects across Africa, Asia and South America. They witnessed firsthand the educational challenges facing these areas today. They joined street children in the slums of Cairo, Khartoum, Kampala, Mumbai and Phnom Penh. They visited Congolese refugees (难民) in camps in Eastern Burundi. They witnessed how education could free sex-workers in Delhi and victims of human trafficking in Nepal.‎ The pair established The Tuk Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity. ‎ Talking about their motivation, Richard said: "The world's leaders have made a commitment to achieving universal primary education but, in spite of this pledge (誓言,承诺), over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, though still cannot access quality learning opportunities."‎ ‎8. Why did the two teachers travel the world?‎ A. To support an education project.‎ B. To create a new world record.‎ C. To entertain themselves.‎ D. To challenge themselves.‎ ‎9. How far did the two teachers pull the tuk-tuk each day on average?‎ A. A little more than 23 kilometers. B. About 14 miles.‎ C. 43 miles. D. 70 kilometers.‎ ‎10. What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A. How they realized their next goal.‎ B. Their exciting experience on the road.‎ C. The beautiful scenery of famous mountains.‎ D. The difficulties and dangers they faced in the journey.‎ ‎11. Which of the following best describes the two teachers?‎ A. Curious and brave. B. Humorous and generous.‎ C. Courageous and responsible. D. Efficient and honest.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位英国老师为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美的基层教育项目，历经千辛万苦环游世界的故事。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They did this to support grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America.”可知，他们环游世界是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美的基层教育项目。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way. The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turns by Rich and Nick over three days.”他们距离目的地只有70公里，根据常识，1公里约等于0.6英里，故70公里约等于42英里，他们俩拉了3天，平均一天拉14英里，故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的关键词“tackle deserts and jungles； survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia； the mountain ranges lying in their path”可知，在二人的旅途中，他们穿越沙漠和丛林、与大象亲密接触过、出了一次事故、还要穿越沿途的山脉。故此段主要讲述了他们在旅途过程中所遇到的困难和危险，故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their failing vehicle for 43 miles…. They did this to support grassroots education project in Africa, Asia and South America.”可知，两位英国教师为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美的基层教育项目，在将他们的故障车辆拖行43英里后，打破了在一辆土拨鼠车上最长旅途的世界纪录。由此判断，他们是有责任感的；根据第三段中的内容，得知他们在旅途过程中所遇到的困难和危险，可知他们是非常勇敢的。故选C。‎ D Nobody needs reminding that exercise is good for our health, but we may need reminding that it needs to be done in the right way.‎ Light exercises are a great way to improve circulation and keep our muscles active, especially if the rest of the day will be spent sitting in front of a computer or in a lecture hall. However, certain sports like long distance running require training to build up our bodies so they can handle the challenge. If we go into such sport cold, it can shock our muscles, hearts, lungs, and other organs and ‎ cause severe pain or in some cases, even death.‎ Some people are born with medical conditions that go unnoticed until they stress the unstable part of their body. A weak heart may never be seen until we do something that causes extreme physical effort. Recently there have been cases of people dying while running long distances. Also, a university student died after taking a ‎1.000m running exam. Some universities and high schools have cut long distance races (i.e. ‎3.000m, ‎5,000m) from their campus sports games, partly because of the supposed danger and partly because they say fewer people are entering such events.‎ Maybe education about such events is lacking, especially during primary and high school. People participating in such competitions should realize that a reasonable amount of training is required beforehand and having a medical check is wise, especially for a marathon. People shouldn’t be forced to participate in events that push them past their limits, especially if they haven’t warmed-up completely. Cancelling events could lead to people becoming less healthy and overweight. Maybe these events shouldn’t be cancelled, but organizers and participants should be more careful about regular health checks.‎ ‎12. Why does the author write the text?‎ A. To give us some reminding on exercises.‎ B. To persuade us to take less sports.‎ C. To advise students to have regular exercises.‎ D. To require cancelling long distance running.‎ ‎13. What does the underlined word “cold” in paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. Having trained a lot. B. Without any preparation.‎ C. Having a low temperature. D. In an unfriendly way.‎ ‎14. Why do some universities and schools cancel long distance races?‎ A. Because no students are willing to enter such events.‎ B. Because the students’ physical conditions are too poor to finish them.‎ C. Because long distance running is not fit for students.‎ D Because they worry about the supposed danger in such races.‎ ‎15. What does the author advise us to do before running a marathon?‎ A. Have a medical check and warm-up exercises.‎ B. Push ourselves past our limits.‎ C. Participate in it confidently.‎ D. Try to lose some weight first.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了体育锻炼对人的好处人人皆知，但并不是所有的体育运动都有益于健康，只有恰当的体育锻炼才有益于健康，不恰当的体育锻炼不但对健康无益，而且还会危害人们的健康，甚至危及人们的生命。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Nobody needs reminding that exercise is good for our health, but we may need reminding that it needs to be done in the right way” 没有人需要提醒运动对我们的健康有好处，但我们可能需要提醒，它需要以正确的方式进行。故作者写这篇文章的目的是给人们一些关于体育锻炼的提示。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“However, certain sports like long distance running require training to build up our bodies so they can handle the challenge.” 然而，某些运动，如长跑，需要训练来增强我们的身体，使他们能够应付挑战。由此可知，如果我们不事先进行训练就很与可能陷入“运动寒冷”，故划线词cold的词义应是“没有任何准备的情况”。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“partly because of the supposed danger and partly because they say fewer people are entering such events.” 部分原因是他们认为存在危险，另一部分原因是他们说参加此类比赛的人越来越少。故一些大学和学校取消长跑比赛的原因是他们担心在这种比赛中可能出现的危险。结合选项，故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“People participating in such competitions should realize that a reasonable amount of training is required beforehand and having a medical check is wise, especially for a marathon.” 参加这类比赛的人应该意识到，事先需要合理的训练量，进行体检是明智的，尤其是马拉松比赛。故作者建议参加马拉松比赛的人应该体检以及做一些热身运动。结合选项，故选A。‎ 第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good.‎ ‎___16___In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors recommend we all cut down on.‎ ‎“It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “ ___17___“ says Johnson.‎ Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. ___18___‎ So what is the solution? It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. ___19___From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat.‎ But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. ___20___Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not yet been lost.‎ A. We take in more energy and fat.‎ B. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more.‎ C. Our ancestors were used to poor food, clothing and shelter.‎ D. So the very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us.‎ E. Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one.‎ F. The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid.‎ G Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多科学家认为吃糖会上瘾，并引发疾病。为此，人们应该减少摄入糖分，一些学校开始用水果代替甜点，或者步行道让学生们加强锻炼。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据下文In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut downon.可知，这里强调以这种方式，糖会使我们门上瘾，医生也建议我们要减少食用。因此横线处应该是说明糖为什么会使人上瘾。故B项（Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more）然后这种感觉消失，我们需要更多糖分。引出下文，符合语境。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文“One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why?”（ 世界上有三分之一的成年人患有高血压，高达3亿4700万的人患有糖尿病。为什么？）可知，下文应是介绍原因的。故E项（Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one）我们认为，糖是原因之一，即使不是主要原因。承接上文，符合题意。故选E。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文“Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food.”可知，早期人类通常很少有食物，所以我们的身体学会了非常有效地将糖储存为脂肪。这样，我们就可以在没有食物的时候储存能量。这是在说明糖分的好处，紧接着Bu today转折，意味着横线处是强调糖分摄入过分的害处。故D（So the very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us.）曾经救过我们的东西现在可能正在致我们于死地，承上启下，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文“It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar.”和下文 “From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it”可知，我们需要减少糖的食用，但是事实上从早餐到晚餐我们的食物中含有大量的糖。也就是说橫线处是对我们不得不吃糖这一事实的说明。故F项（The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid），问题是，在当今世界，这是极难避免的，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文“But there are those who are fighting back against sugar”可知，有些人已经开始与糖分做斗争，故下文应列举具体斗争的方法。故G项（Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit.）许多学校正在选用更健康的食物例如水果代替含糖甜点，承上启下，符合题意。故选G。‎ 第三部分 英语运用 第一节：阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ My teacher Mr. Bush is the most positive person I’ve ever met. He has the ability to ___21___positiveness to young students.‎ He always smiles and never gets ___22___ at students. Once I met some ___23___ because I felt overshadowed by my brother, who seemed to be doing great in every way. Hopelessness ___24___ me whenever I was in a classroom. But that all ___25___ when I met my teacher for life, Mr. Bush. Having found out about my problems, he just kept ___26___ me. Because of Mr. Bush, my world was filled with ___27___ and power.‎ A few weeks ago, everyone in my class was feeling a bit ___28___ because of a bad day at school. But things got ___29___ after a close of Mr. Bush’s class. He drew a picture on the whiteboard that ___30___ a half-full glass of water. He then said, “Class, the point of view in which you look at things will ___31___ your feelings. Like this glass of water; some people see it and think ‘What! Only half a glass of water. How ___32___ I am.’ Whereas other people think ‘Wow, I’m so thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me!’ It all is in the ___33___ you think.”‎ Mr. Bush’s ___34___ way of thinking always makes me feel glad and ___35___. I will always remember him.‎ ‎21. A. pass on B. apply for C. consist of D. give up ‎22. A. strict B. patient C. mad D. curious ‎23. A. friends B. needs C. realities D. difficulties ‎24. A. drowned B. resisted C. cured D. relaxed ‎25. A. happened B. changed C. solved D. included ‎26. A. forgiving B. calming C. encouraging D. calling ‎27. A. sunshine B. fear C. surprise D. disappointment ‎28. A. cheerful B. down C. eager D. afraid ‎29. A. warmer B. higher C. better D. happier ‎30. A. served B. filled C. bought D. showed ‎31. A. hurt B. care about C. give away D. affect ‎32. A. pleased B. unfortunate C. bright D. perfect ‎33. A. way B. direction C. end D. past ‎34. A. different B. optimistic C. special D. important ‎35. A. proud B. careful C. lonely D. hopeful ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师是一个极其乐观的人，他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生，他乐观的思维方式总是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。 A. pass on传递；B. apply for 申请；C. consist of组成；D. give up放弃。分析下文可知，Mr. Bush总是会让沮丧的学生高兴起来，故应是他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他总是微笑，从不生学生的气。A. strict严格的；B. patient耐心的；C. mad 生气的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“He always smiles and never gets…”可知，Mr. Bush总是微笑，从不会生学生的气。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我遇到了一些困难，因为我觉得我的兄弟在各方面都做得很好，这让我有了阴影。A. friends朋友；B. needs需要；C. realities现实； D. difficulties困难。根据下文“because I felt overshadowed by my brother, who seemed to be doing great in every way.”可知，作者是遇到了一些困难。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我在教室里，绝望就淹没了我。A. drowned淹没； B. resisted抵抗；C. cured治愈；D. relaxed使放松。根据上文可知，作者一直活在兄弟的阴影之下，故应是绝望淹没了作者。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我见到我的老师--布什先生，一切都变了。A. happened发生；B. changed改变；C. solved解决；D. included包括。根据下文Mr. Bush鼓励作者，最后作者振作了起来可知，当见到Mr. Bush一直都变了。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现了我的问题，并一直鼓励我。A. forgiving原谅；B. calming平静；C. encouraging鼓励；D. calling呼叫。根据下文“Because of Mr. Bush, my world was filled with ___7___ and power.”可知，是由于Mr. Bush的鼓励，作者的世界充满了阳光和力量。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为布什先生，我的世界充满了阳光和力量。 A. sunshine阳光；B. fear害怕；C. surprise惊讶；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“power”可知，Mr. Bush的鼓励让作者的世界充满阳光和力量。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期前，我们班的每个人都因为今天在学校的糟糕表现而感到有点沮丧。A. cheerful高兴的；B. down沮丧的；C. eager渴望的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“because of a bad day at school.”，在学校表现糟糕，故感到沮丧。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在布什先生的课结束后，情况有所好转。A. warmer更温暖的；B. higher更高的；C. better更好的；D. happier更高兴的。根据下文Mr. Bush画了一张半杯水的图，告诉同学们思维方式不一样，看问题的角度就不一样，同学们又都高兴起来可知，Mr. Bush课结束后，情况又好起来了。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在白板上画了一幅画，画的是半杯水。A. served服务；B. filled充满；C. bought买；D. showed显示。根据下文“Like this glass of water; some people see it and think ‘What! Only half a glass of water. How ___12___ I am.’ Whereas other people think ‘Wow, I’m so thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me!’”可知，Mr. Bush的画上显示的是半杯水。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他接着说，“同学们，你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。A. hurt伤害；B. care about关心；C. give away分发；D. affect影响。根据下文的“It all is in the ___13___ you think.”一切都取决于你怎么想可知，Mr. Bush想要告诉同学们，你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像这杯水；有些人看到它就想‘什么！只有半杯水。“我真不幸。”。A. pleased高兴的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. bright明亮的；D. perfect完美的。根据下文的“Whereas other people think ‘Wow, I’m so thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me!’”可知，此处表示一个对比，有的人认为只有半杯水是不幸的。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切都取决于你怎么想。A. way 方式；B. direction 方向；C. end结束；D. past过去。分析上下文可知，Mr. Bush给同学们画了一幅半杯水的图，告诉他们有的人对此持积极的态度，有的人对此持消极的态度。故应是想告诉同学们：你看事情的角度会影响你的感受，一切都取决于你怎么想。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和希望。 A. different不同的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. special特殊的；D. important重要的。根据上文“My teacher Mr. Bush is the most positive person I’ve ever met.”可知，Mr. Bush是一个乐观的人，故他乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和希望。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴和充满希望。A. proud骄傲的；B. careful小心的；C. lonely孤独的；D. hopeful充满希望的。分析上下文可知，Mr. Bush总是用他积极的思维方式影响着作者，故应是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。故选D。‎ 第二节：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Rugby looks like a ___36___ (mix) of soccer and American football. Legend says rugby was invented in 1823 at a school in the town of Rugby, England. A student was playing in a soccer match, but he got ___37___ (bore) with just kicking the ball, so he picked it up and ran with it. Before long, this new way of playing soccer became popular at the school. When the school’s students finished their studies, they moved to other parts of Britain, ___38___ (take) the new game, ___39___ they called rugby, with them. Before long, they established rugby ___40___ (club) throughout Britain and in British colonies around the world.‎ By the 1870s, there were many rugby clubs in Britain and elsewhere, but they weren’t all playing rugby the same way. To solve this problem, representatives from twenty-two teams met ___41___‎ ‎ agreed on official rugby regulations. They also founded ___42___ association (协会) of rugby teams, called the Rugby Football Union (RFU).‎ Today, Rugby Union World Cup tournaments ___43___ (hold) every four years. Thousands of fans travel ___44___ (attend) the matches and cheer on their favorite teams. Believe it or not, not one team who’s won the Rugby World Cup has ___45___ (successful) won the next World Cup! But players and fans don’t mind. They just enjoy the game.‎ ‎【答案】36. mixture ‎ ‎37. bored 38. taking ‎ ‎39. which 40. clubs ‎ ‎41. and 42. an ‎ ‎43. are held ‎ ‎44. to attend ‎ ‎45. successfully ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了橄榄球的起源和发展。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：橄榄球看起来像足球和美式足球混合体。a mixture of…为固定搭配，意为“……的混合体”。分析句意可知，此处表示橄榄球看起来像足球和美式足球的混合体。故填mixture。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：一个学生正在参加一场足球比赛，但他对踢球感到厌烦，于是他拿起球跑了起来。be/get bored with为固定搭配，意为“对……厌烦”。分析句意可知，此处表示，学生对踢球感到厌烦。故填bored。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：当学校的学生完成学业后，他们带着他们称之为橄榄球的新游戏搬到了英国的其他地方。分析句子可知，此句已有谓语动词moved，且两句话之间没有连词，故此处应用非谓语动词，take与主语they之间是主动关系。故填taking。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：当学校的学生完成学业后，他们带着他们称之为橄榄球的新游戏搬到了英国的其他地方。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是the new game为物，且先行词在从句中作called的宾语，故应用关系代词来引导。故填which。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：不久，他们在全英国和全世界的英国殖民地建立了橄榄球俱乐部。Club是可数名词，分析句子可知，他们在全英国和全世界的英国殖民地建立了橄榄球俱乐部，故应用其复数形式，故填clubs。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：为了解决这个问题，来自22支球队的代表们开会并就正式的橄榄球规则达成一致。分析句意可知，空前的met和空后的agreed是并列关系，表示“代表们相见并就橄榄球规则达成一致”，故填and。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：他们还成立了一个橄榄球队协会，称为橄榄球足球联盟（RFU）。association为名词，且第一个音节为元音，故应用定冠词an来限定。故填an。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查语态。句意：今天，橄榄球联盟世界杯比赛每四年举行一次。分析句子可知，此处缺少谓语动词，且hold与主语Rugby Union World Cup tournaments之间是被动关系。故填are held。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：成千上万的球迷前往观看比赛，为他们最喜欢的球队欢呼。分析句子可知，此处的to attend表示目的，意为“成千上万的球迷前往观看比赛，为他们最喜欢的球队欢呼”，故填to attend。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：信不信由你，没有一支赢得橄榄球世界杯的球队能成功赢得下一届世界杯！分析句子可知，此处的successful是修饰动词won的，故应用其副词形式，故填successfully。‎ ‎【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第四题，分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是the new game为物，且先行词在从句中作called的宾语，故应用关系代词来引导。故填which。‎ 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 ‎46.假定你是李华, 你的美国笔友John 发来E-mail询问你对即将到来的寒假有何打算。请你给他回一封邮件，介绍你的寒假安排, 内容包括:‎ ‎1. 学习与锻炼；‎ ‎2. 春节活动；‎ ‎3. 社会实践活动。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数80左右;‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear John,‎ Thanks for your e-mail! Now let me tell you my winter holiday plan.First of all, I am going to review what I have learnt to lay a firm basis for the future study.Secondly,I plan to read several good books which I am interested in to enrich my mind. Thirdly,winter vacation is a good time for us to bulid up our body.I will play basketball with my friends and do morning exercise every day.Fourthly,the Spring Festival is a time for families and relativesto get together to have fun. Besides,my classmates and I will go to sunshine nursing home and bring our joy to the elderly who suffer loneliness during the Spring Festival. It must be a good experience.‎ Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章要求介绍自己的寒假安排。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 要求：1.表达感谢 ‎ 2.介绍自己的寒假安排 ‎ 1). 学习与锻炼 ‎2). 春节活动 ‎3). 社会实践活动 ‎ 3.期待对方回复 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ winter holiday plan; first of all; lay a firm basis; be interested in; enrich my mind; bulid up; do morning exercise; have fun; besides; look forward to ‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. First of all, I am going to review what I have learnt to lay a firm basis for the future study.‎ ‎2. Secondly,I plan to read several good books which I am interested in to enrich my mind.‎ ‎3. Thirdly,winter vacation is a good time for us to bulid up our body.‎ ‎4. Fourthly,the Spring Festival is a time for families and relativesto get together to have fun.‎ ‎5. Besides,my classmates and I will go to sunshine nursing home and bring our joy to the elderly who suffer loneliness during the Spring Festival.‎ ‎6. Looking forward to hearing from you.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如宾语从句：First of all, I am going to review what I have learnt to lay a firm basis for the future study这句话运用了what 引导的宾语从句；以及定语从句，如：Secondly,I plan to read several good books which I am interested in to enrich my mind.还使用了一些固定词组，如first of all; lay a firm basis; be interested in; enrich my mind等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 读后续写。阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎“It’s not looking too good, darling, I think you’d better pack a few things and go to your mother’s place. And you’d better take Rosie and Monty with you.”‎ Putting down the phone, Sara sighed. Tomorrow was her husband Tony’s birthday. She had planned to cook him a nice meal and then surprise him with the new mountain bike she’d bought for him. If she went to her mother’s house, Tony wouldn’t get his present for days.‎ However, her mother’s house was the best place to be right now. Being on higher land, it would be safe from the floods. It had been raining heavily for almost two weeks and the river near Sara and Tony’s house was rising higher and higher all the time. Tony and others from the village had spent the last two days putting sandbags along the side of the river to stop it from overflowing. Now they feared that their hard work had been useless and soon the whole valley would be flooded.‎ Sara dressed baby James in warm clothes and collected the things she would need for him over the next few days. She put the lead on the dog and went in search of Monty, the cat. It took her a long time, but eventually she found him safe and warm under the covers on her bed. She placed him in his cat basket and took him into the kitchen where James and the dog, Rosie, were waiting.‎ Just as she was reaching for the car keys, Sarah heard a sound like the noise bath water makes when you pull out the plug. She looked at the backdoor, water was flowing in underneath. Turning around, she saw dirty brown water fountaining out of the drain and filling the sink. Realizing that they were trapped by the flood and it became impossible for her to drive out, quickly she put James into her backpack and pulled onto her back. Calling to Rosie, she picked up the cat basket and ran to the front of the house and out into the front garden, where the car was parked.‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。‎ Paragraph 1:‎ The water was already up to her knees and Rosie was swimming beside her.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】The water was already up to her knees. Rosie was swimming beside her. Knowing the water would soon be much deeper, Sara ran to the car and opened the doors. She threw the cat basket onto the roof of the car and pushed Rosie up beside it. Using the car seat as a step she climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof. James, safely attached to her back, made no sound at all.Sara stared down at the water which was rushing past the car. It was already half way up the doors, and still rising.‎ Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance.They were extremely happy and shouted at the boat “here!here!”,but the boat seemed not to head for their direction. Roise was worried and anxious, then they four shouted at the boat together “help!help! here we are”. Luckily, the people on the boat replied to them. They were rescued and the warm—hearted people sent them to Rosie mother’s place. They showed their sincere gratitude to the people who helped them in need.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，由于洪水Roise不得不去妈妈家避难，但正在她准备带着孩子们上车时，洪水淹没了她们的家，她们被洪水困住了，由此展开后面的故事。‎ ‎【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：水已经淹到她的膝盖了。罗西在她旁边游泳……所以接下来应该描述她们是怎么自救的。第二段开头是：萨拉、詹姆斯、罗西和蒙蒂在房顶上又饿又害怕，这时远处出现了一条船。本段应该写她们是不是得救了，远处的船是否过来帮助了他们。注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，情节完整且要符合逻辑。最后按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：be attached to，pushed sb up，together with等高级词汇；定语从句They showed their sincere gratitude to the people who helped them in need.以及动名词作伴随状语Using the car seat as a step she climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof.，James, safely attached to her back, made no sound at all等高级句式。‎