【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四（23页word版） 23页

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四 ‎[一]‎ You don’t have to be a fan of math to get excited about Pi (“π”) Day. While the event may start with some calculations, it is more than likely to conclude with a slice or two of delicious pie. The holiday is held every March 14, because “π” is widely recognized as 3.14.‎ The tradition of honoring “π” began at San Francisco’s Exploratorium museum. On March 14, 1988, physicist Larry Shaw convinced his colleagues to mark the day by marching around one of the museum’s circular spaces and consuming fruit pies. The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S. House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.‎ Today, Pi Day is observed in many creative ways.‎ Students at the California Institute of Technology in Los Angeles host a pieeating event, which begins at 1：‎59 a．m. and features 26 pies, each of five different flavors. Though that might seem random, the date (3.14), time (159), number of pies (26), and number of varieties (5) recreate the first nine digits of “π”：3.14159265!‎ Students applying for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge eagerly wait for the day every year to find out if they have been accepted. However, instead of sending out the offers at 3：14 p．m., the institution waits till 6：28 p．m.6.28 is referred to as “tau”， which is “π” multiplied by 2.The number is believed to be much more reliable than “π” by some experts and even has its own celebration on June 28.Since 2017, MIT has also used Pi Day as a fundraiser to support its students, departments and programs.‎ This day is also Albert Einstein’s birthday, so the town of Princeton, New Jersey, where Einstein lived until his death in 1955, celebrates the occasion with multiday festivities that end on March 14.Visitors can participate in concerts, shows, as well as pieeating, ‎ pirecitation, and Einsteinlookalike contests.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圆周率日的起源、发展和各地的庆贺活动。‎ ‎13．Where was Pi Day originally celebrated?‎ A．In San Francisco. B．In Los Angeles.‎ C．In Cambridge. D．In Princeton.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The tradition of honoring ‘π’ began at San Francisco’s Exploratorium museum.”可知，该传统开始于美国旧金山探索馆，故A项正确。‎ ‎14．When was Pi Day made an official holiday?‎ A．In 1955. B．In 1988.‎ C．In 2009. D．In 2017.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.”可知，2009年，美国众议院正式将‎3月14日定为圆周率日，故C项正确。‎ ‎15．What does MIT do on Pi Day according to the passage?‎ A．Inform applicants of application results.‎ B．Conduct a calculating test.‎ C．Organize a march around the campus.‎ D．Make desserts of different flavors.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，每一年申请麻省理工学院(MIT)的学生们急切地等待着这一天，想要知道他们是否被录取。据此可知，麻省理工学院在这一天告知申请者申请结果，故A项正确。‎ ‎★16.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To advise.‎ B．To make an introduction.‎ C．To argue.‎ D．To give an explanation.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 圆周率日的起源、发展和各地的庆贺活动。故B项正确。‎ ‎[二]‎ When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces. Her mother, Jovan, knew how important breastfeeding was, especially for a premature (早产的) baby like Ariyah, so she began pumping milk to feed her through a tube. But two days later, Jovan felt dizzy and feverish — 104 Fahrenheit degrees, in fact. She had a blood disease and was close to full shock.‎ She was separated from others for nearly two weeks at the regional Northern Virginia hospital where she’d delivered. During that time, she could still pump breast milk, but Ariyah couldn’t consume it because of the risk of infection (感染). Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases. There are many cases like this, which creates the need for the milk donation.‎ Enter donor milk — breast milk purchased by hospitals for mothers who aren’t able to produce enough milk on their own, due to health complications, stresses, or other factors. The milk comes from milk banks, organizations that collect and screen breast milk from those women willing to donate. Usually processed in intensive-care units, the milk is only available by prescription.‎ In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States. In 2011, 22 percent of NICUs used donor breast milk; four years later, that number doubled to nearly 40 percent, and went even higher for the most intensive NICUs — as much as 75 percent. There are 23 milk banks in the United States recognized by the Human Milk Banking Association of North America, or HMBANA, double the number that existed five years ago.‎ But as the demand for donor milk rises, banks must find more charitable donors — a task made more complicated by informal networks of milk sharing ‎ that happens online. And many of the most vulnerable infants are still not being reached.‎ ‎8. What’s the problem of Ariyah when she was born?‎ A. She had a shock.‎ B. She was too light.‎ C. She had a blood infection.‎ D. She felt dizzy and feverish.‎ ‎9. What’s the influence if a mom has no breast milk?‎ A. The mom can still pump breast milk.‎ B. The mom will have to stay at the hospital.‎ C. The baby will be separated from others.‎ D. It is more likely for the baby to catch a disease.‎ ‎10. What is the purpose of using figures in Paragraph 4?‎ A. To call healthy moms to donate breast milk.‎ B. To show the demand change of donated human milk.‎ C. To show the shortage of breast milk in milk banks.‎ D. To raise the awareness of the importance of breast milk.‎ ‎11. Where would you most probably see the text above?‎ A. In a historical fiction.‎ B. In a science magazine.‎ C. In an entertainment newspaper.‎ D. In a textbook.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章通过Ariyah Georges对母乳的需求引出社会现象——社会对于母乳捐赠需求量急剧增长，这导致美国的母乳银行必须要找更多的捐赠者，这使得发生在网上的非正式捐赠网络变得复杂，而最脆弱的婴儿仍然得不到母乳。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段When Ariyah Georges was born 15 weeks early, ‎ she weighed only one pound, 12 ounces.可知，Ariyah Georges因为早出生15周，所以只有一磅十二盎司，也就是体重太轻。所以B正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Without it, the newborn was particularly easily affected by diseases.可知，孩子如果得不到母乳可能会生病，所以D正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句话In recent years, both milk banks and the use of donated human milk have risen swiftly in the United States.可知，本段主要讲述在美国近年来捐赠的母乳急剧增多，所以B正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了社会对于母乳捐赠的需求量增加这一社会现象，所以可以推出出自科学杂志，A. In a historical fiction.历史小说，C. In an entertainment newspaper. 娱乐报纸，D. In a textbook.教科书，明显不符合常识。故选B。‎ ‎[三]‎ ‎“Sorry seems to be the hardest word” — that is one of Elton John’s most popular songs. But not every public figure seems to find it so tough to say that powerful fiveletter word.‎ In recent days public figures, from politicians to stars, have all publicly expressed remorse.But with so much remorse, how can we tell a forced apology from a heartfelt expression of remorse?‎ Specifically, saying sorry should be a realization that something you have said or done has hurt someone and you want to make amends (弥补), “People want the response to be personal to them.They want to feel that they’re being listened to and taken seriously，” says Martin Stone.‎ Firstly, it is important to show that you understand. It is vital that any group or a person making an apology understands the focus — is it sorry for the way it’s acted or is it sorry that the complainant ‎ feels the way they do?‎ Watch out for the speed of response. The quicker the apology comes, the better it indicates that the person making it has felt an immediate sense of guilt.‎ If sincere, the person making the apology will be looking for clues (线索) to see if he or she is being understood, such as eye contact and facial expressions. Performed apologies always have a sense of being “acted out”， and are often accompanied by too many unnatural gestures.‎ For a sincere apology, it is also important to avoid promises that can’t be kept. Don’t say that you’ll make sure that this will not happen again if you’re not confident that it won’t. It could come back to bite you. And do remember that the use of “but” can hugely change the tone (语气) of an apology. As Stone points out, “I’m sorry but ...” sounds like you are making excuses and aren’t actually taking any form of responsibility.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如何辨别道歉是真心还是假意？文章给你提出了一些建议。‎ ‎★1.What is the purpose of the text?‎ A．To explain what a good apology is.‎ B．To discuss how to give a formal apology.‎ C．To show why we should apologize in life.‎ D．To teach us how to tell if an apology is sincere.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段的第二句可知，本文主要告诉我们如何分辨一个人的道歉是真心还是假意。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “remorse” probably mean?‎ A．Pain.　　　　　 　 B．Worry.‎ C．Regret. D．Doubt.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。结合第一段的“But not every public figure seems to find it so tough to say that powerful fiveletter word.”可知，最近一些公众人物公开致歉，也就是表达“懊悔”，对于他们来说道歉并不是那 么难的事情。‎ ‎3．Which of the following indicates it’s a “performed” apology?‎ A．Swearing it will not happen again.‎ B．Avoiding eye contact with the listener.‎ C．Showing you understand his/her feelings.‎ D．Paying attention to the listener’s reaction.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知，如果一个人是真心表达歉意，他会关注道歉对象的反应，比如用眼神交流或者观察面部表情。假意的道歉则不会这么做。‎ ‎4．What is stressed in the last paragraph?‎ A．The attitude. B．The tone of voice.‎ C．The body language. D．The choice of language.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“avoid promises that can’t be kept” 和 “the use of ‘but’”可知，最后一段是针对道歉的语言选择给出了建议。‎ ‎[四]‎ Facebook says it is working on technology to allow us to control computers directly with our brains. It is developing “silent speech” software to allow people to type at a rate of 100 words per minute.‎ The project, in its early stages, will require new technology to detect brainwaves without needing invasive surgery. “We are not talking about decoding (译) your random thoughts，” assured Facebook’s Regina Dugan. “We’re talking about decoding those words.”‎ Ms Dugan is the company’s head of Building 8, the firm’s hardware research lab. The company said it intends to build both the hardware and software to achieve its goal, and has enlisted a team of more than 60 scientists and academics to work on the project.‎ On his Facebook page, Mark Zuckerberg added: “Our brains produce enough data to stream four HD movies every second. The problem is that ‎ the best way we have to get information out into the world — speech — can only transmit about the same amount of data as a 1980s modem. We’re working on ‘silent speech’ software that will let you type straight from your brain about five times faster than you can type on your phone today. Eventually, we want to turn it into a wearable technology that can be manufactured at scale.”‎ ‎“Technology is going to have to get a lot more advanced before we can share a pure thought or feeling, but this is a first step，” Ms Dugan said. Other ideas detailed at the company’s developers conference in San Jose included work to allow people to “hear” through skin. The system, comparable to Braille, uses pressure points on the skin to relay information. “One day, not so far away, it may be possible for me to think in Mandarin, and you to feel it instantly in Spanish，” Ms Dugan said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Facebook公司发表声明称，他们目前正在研发人脑信息读取技术，将实现用人脑控制电脑。‎ ‎9．What’s a special feature of “silent speech” software?‎ A．It can change computers.‎ B．It can control human brains.‎ C．It can record a person’s random thoughts.‎ D．It can enable humans to type from their brain.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We’re working on ‘silent speech’ software that will let you type straight from your brain about five times faster than you can type on your phone today.”可知，脸书正在研发的软件叫作“无声话语”，它可以让人直接通过大脑打字。‎ ‎10．What can be learned from the last paragraph?‎ A．Mandarin becomes the main language of computers.‎ B．Computers can be monitored by people’s skin now.‎ C．Facebook has a long way to go to achieve its goal.‎ D．It is impossible to control computers with brains.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Technology is going to ‎ have to get a lot more advanced before we can share a pure thought or feeling, but this is a first step”可知，在能够分享纯粹的想法和感觉之前，技术还需要很大的进步和发展，这只是第一步。由此可推知，脸书在实现目标前还有很长的路要走。‎ ‎★11.What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Computers bring profits for Facebook B．Silent speech changes people’s lifestyle C．A new study about human brains starts D．Facebook shares braincontrol ambitions 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要告诉我们Facebook公司发表声明称，他们正在研发人脑信息读取技术，目的在于实现用人脑控制电脑，故D项作标题最佳。‎ ‎[五]‎ It may be a scene in the film: A handsome scientist arrives in a town to study the local volcano, which has been sleeping for centuries but now seems dangerously close to erupting. Despite the strong warnings, the brave scientist — perhaps with his assistant — insists on climbing the mountain to more closely examine its condition. But just as they arrive at the crater (火山口), it blows, making them run down the mountain and barely stay ahead of a river of hot lava (岩浆). Or maybe they’re in a jeep, speeding down the mountain with the lava close behind.‎ Seeing the impressive scene might leave you wondering: what would happen if I suddenly needed to escape from an erupting volcano? Could I outrun (跑得比……快) the lava and make it to safety? Well, technically, yes. If lava were all you had to deal with, you might be in the clear.Most lava flows move slowly. The lava flow from the Mauna Loa eruption in 1950 was clocked at 6 miles per hour (mph), and you probably wouldn’t have trouble running away from that. There have been examples of fastmoving lava, but they’re few.‎ The unfortunate truth is that lava will be the least of your worries, if you’re close enough to an erupting volcano. Contrary to what we might see in the movies, the dangers of a volcanic eruption are not limited to burninghot lava. Even if you could stay ahead of the lava, you’d never survive the pyroclastic flow (火山碎屑流), an unusually hot, fastmoving cloud of ash, rock and gas that wipes out everything in its path. Pyroclastic flows generally move at speeds greater than ‎60 mph and reach temperatures between 200 and 700 degrees. There’s obviously no way anyone outruns that.‎ So, if you one day find yourself on an erupting volcano, we hate to say it but you’re toast.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如果有一天你发现自己身处一座即将要爆发的火山上，你可以安全逃离吗？‎ ‎1．What does the author probably think of the scene in the film?‎ A．Funny.　　　　　　 B．Untrue.‎ C．Touching. D．Discouraging.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。作者在第一段中描述了一个场景：科学家被火山岩浆紧追，死里逃生。在下文中作者告诉我们：一般情况下岩浆的速度只有一小时6英里，你完全可以毫无压力地逃生。因此，作者会认为这个场景不真实。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．You might be safe.‎ B．You might be dizzy.‎ C．You might be in a dilemma.‎ D．You might be clear about your trouble.‎ 解析：选A　句意理解题。根据画线部分后面的内容“Most lava flows move slowly ...at 6 miles per hour (mph), and you probably wouldn’t have trouble running away from that.”可知，火山爆发时，岩浆的速度只有一小时6英里，因此你是安全的。‎ ‎3．What is the real danger from a volcanic eruption according to ‎ the text?‎ A．Pyroclastic flows.‎ B．Moving lava flows.‎ C．Clouds above the volcano.‎ D．The edge of the volcanic crater.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“you’d never survive the pyroclastic flow (火山碎屑流)．..reach temperatures between 200 and 700 degrees”可知，来自火山爆发真正的威胁就是火山碎屑流，它的移动速度和超高温都是致命的。‎ ‎★4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Just keep away from a volcano B．Can you really outrun a volcano?‎ C．Lava moves slower than you think D．What does this typical scene tell us?‎ 解析：选B　标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，作者通过描述一个电影场景引出他要介绍的话题：火山爆发时是否有机会逃命，故B项为本文最佳标题。‎ ‎[六]‎ If you thought pilots dimmed (使变昏暗) the lights before takeoff to give you some shuteye, think again. Believe it or not, the dim lighting could actually help save your life in case of a plane emergency.‎ The dimmed lights before taking off from the runway and landing are a flight precaution used to help passengers’ eyes adjust quicker during an emergency escape. “Going from a brightly lit environment to one that’s completely dark would require some time for our eyes to focus and see the escape slide，” Alice Theriault, service director for Air Canada wrote in a press statement. “Since we need to have all the seconds on our side in the event of an emergency, dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers.”‎ The phenomenon that your eyes see those strange speckles (小斑点) as ‎ your sight adjusts to a dark place after being in a light place is called dark adaptation. It normally takes our eyes about 20 to 30 minutes to see best in a dark room. The brighter the lights, the longer it takes for our eyes to adjust, which is why dimming the plane lights could shorten your “dark adaptation” time since you haven’t been sitting under fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯) all flight.‎ Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, it also reduces the tension on your eyes if you need to look outside, or see the emergency lighting along the passage. “It helps keep you in the right direction.” Patrick Smith, an airline pilot and author of Cockpit Confidential told The Telegraph. “It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, which might affect an escape.” So next time a pilot dims the lights, just know it’s for your safety, even though it creates a gentle atmosphere for your takeoff into the sky.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞行员在飞机起飞和降落之前把机舱内的灯光调暗的原因。‎ ‎13．The lights are turned down before takeoff to help passengers .‎ A．take a short break B．escape in time from an emergency C．create a warm atmosphere D．adapt their eyes to the bright environment 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在飞机起飞和降落前把(机舱内的)灯光调暗是一种飞行预防措施，用于帮助乘客在紧急逃生时使眼睛更快速地适应周围的环境。故选B。‎ ‎14．What is one of the roles of shortening “dark adaptation” time?‎ A．Slowing down the landing.‎ B．Adjusting the plane lights.‎ C．Keeping passengers calm.‎ D．Helping the crew judge outside risks.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It also makes it easier for flight attendants to assess any outside risks, such as fire or debris, which might affect an escape.”可知，它也使乘务员更容易评估任何外部风险，如火灾或碎片，这些可能会影响逃生。故选D。‎ ‎15．What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A．Dimming lights.　　　 B．The escape process.‎ C．Reducing tension. D．The passage.‎ 解析：选A　代词指代题。在最后一段第一句“Not only does dimming lights add valuable time to the escape process, it also reduces the tension ...passage.”中，dimming lights为句子的主语；又因it用于指代上文出现过的同一个事物，故此处“it”指代前一句中的“dimming lights”。故选A。‎ ‎★16.What is the text mainly about?‎ A．A tip of air travel.‎ B．An emergency event on a plane.‎ C．A warning message on a plane.‎ D．An explanation of an airline safety measure.‎ 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了飞行员在飞机起飞和降落前会把机舱内的灯光调暗的原因；再根据第二段最后一句中的“dimming the lights is one of many steps we take to ensure the safety of our customers”可知，文章主要介绍了一项航空安全措施。故选D。‎ ‎[七]‎ Not many parents realize that by encouraging their children to drink plenty of fresh water, they're helping them build healthier, stronger bodies.‎ Water is the ideal drink to prevent thirst and ensure hydration（水合作用）.Our bodies need water to regulate body temperature and to provide ‎ the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects joints and organs. Poor hydration can affect a child's concentration levels, memory and learning ability.‎ ‎"While most parents know that everyone should be drinking 6~8 glasses of water each day, they often find it difficult to get their children to drink water," says Megan Pentz-Kluyts, a leading registered nutrition coach. However, there are healthy ways of making water tastier.‎ Keep a big bottle of water in the fridge that has been flavored with fresh fruits and herbs, such as chopped lemons, strawberries, apples, or oranges, as these flavor the water and up the intake of nutrients.‎ Mix fruit juices with water to increase water consumption. However, it's better to eat fruit whole as it provides nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, and minerals, which may not always be found in the same quantity once the fruit has been made into a juice.‎ Freeze bottles of water overnight so that the water is still cool later in the day when the sun is beating down. Use fun containers with your children's favorite characters on them to match the fruit or herb that's been used to flavor it for easy reference when grabbing from the freezer for school.‎ By encouraging your children to drink water from an early age, you'll help them form a habit that will be easy to follow through for the rest of their lives. You can set the best example by always reaching for water when you're thirsty or by making sure that there's always cool water readily available, whether in the fridge at home or packed into the car for after-school runs or family outings.‎ ‎4. What does the author intend to tell in the passage?‎ A. Ways to get your kids to drink more water.‎ B. Tips on what to do for your children.‎ C. Hydration is connected with a healthy body.‎ D. Means as to getting water from kinds of fruit.‎ ‎5. Which is NOT the function of drinking water according to the passage?‎ A. Make all our organs nourished.‎ B. Protect your joints and organs.‎ C. Make your skin more beautiful.‎ D. Develop your learning ability.‎ ‎6. The author recommended fruit juices .‎ A. because fruit juices are better than water B. to make kids consume more water C. because kids prefer juices to water D. to show fruit juices are rich in vitamins ‎7. What do you think of the author from the passage?‎ A. Enthusiastic. B. Defensive.‎ C. Subjective. D. Considerate.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了水对于人体健康的作用和功能，并且针对许多父母很难让孩子养成多喝水的健康习惯的问题，作者提出一系列措施帮助孩子养成多喝水的习惯。‎ ‎4. 段落概括题。根据文中第三段，尽管父母知道人体每天需要喝6-8杯水，但是他们还是很难让孩子多喝水。后句转折，However, there are healthy ways of making water tastier.提出下文有一些解决方法。故选A。‎ ‎5. 细节理解题。文中第二段介绍了水对于人体健康的作用，此处需要选出未提及的选项。第二句中“to provide the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs.”可知A选项正确。由“Water also ......,and protects joints and organs.”可知水能保护关节和器官，B选项正确。最后一句“Poor hydration can affect a child's concentration levels, memory and learning ability.”说低水平的水合作用会影响孩子的注意力、记忆力和学习能力，D选项正确。C选项，保护皮肤，文中未提及，故选C。‎ ‎6. 细节理解题。根据文中第五段第一句“Mix fruit juices with water to increase water consumption.”可知作者推荐水果汁，是因为水果汁能让孩子更多消耗水。故选B。‎ ‎7. 作者态度题。A选项“Enthusiastic”，意为“热情的”。B选项“Defensive”，“保守的”。C选项“Subjective”，“主观的”。D选项“Considerate”，意为“体贴的，考虑周全的”。由文中作者从各个角度一系列解决孩子多喝水的方法，可知作者考虑十分周全，A、B、C选项均非作者态度，故选D。‎ ‎[八]‎ A museum in the Netherlands is trying to show visitors more of the objects it has and bring them more excitement. It is using an augmented reality（增强现实）device made by Microsoft to reach its goal. However, the use of this high-technology device started with a basic problem.‎ The Dutch National Museum of Antiquities does not have enough space to put all of its artifacts（人工制品）on display. So,the museum asked experts at Delft University of Science and Technology to find a way to let more visitors—especially young people—experience what the museum has to offer.‎ The experts used the Hololens（全息透镜）.It is a computer that shows visitors holograms, or virtual pictures that appear to have three dimensions.‎ Annelies Maltha, a researcher at the University, says that almost 80 percent of the artifacts at the museum are not shown to the public." So by using the Hololens," she adds," people can virtually visit the exhibit and see so much more."‎ The Dutch National Museum has artifacts like the Egyptian Temple of Teffeh. The structure was reconstructed inside the museum in 1971.It is not currently available to the public.‎ ‎"The Hololens enables you to have augmented reality, instead of virtual reality, which means you can still see the temple, you can still ‎ feel the ancient vibe（氛围）around you, so to speak." The augmented reality technology gives visitors the ability to interact with their surroundings.‎ The researchers are using the Hololens to make three dimensional images of every room in the temple. Erik Hoglund, another researcher, explains that his team can create 3D models and add different images, movies, or animations. The effect is to make visitors feel like they are interacting with the temple.‎ The Hololens program is still being developed. But museum officials hope that, in the future, the Hololens will serve as a tour guide for exhibits that have been hidden from public view.‎ ‎12. What does the underlined part "its goal" in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. The experience of excitement.‎ B. The solving of the basic problem.‎ C. The showing of more museum objects.‎ D. The use of the augmented reality device.‎ ‎13. What can be learnt about the augmented reality device?‎ A. It has been widely applied to museums.‎ B. It is what we call virtual reality.‎ C. It is developed by Microsoft.‎ D. It has many hidden dangers.‎ ‎14. Which of the following statements about the Hololens is TRUE?‎ A. It makes interactions possible.‎ B. It gives the museum much more space.‎ C. It enables visitors to have virtual reality.‎ D. It is a must-have item for the common people.‎ ‎15. What would happen if the technology were to be applied in the museums?‎ a.More young people would be attracted to the museums.‎ b.More items of the museums would be on display.‎ c.People would travel back to ancient times.‎ d.Fewer guides would be needed.‎ A. abd B. abc C. acd D. bcd ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A ‎【解析】本文属于说明文。主要介绍荷兰的一家博物馆将使用微软开发的“全息透镜”技术来展示更多的项目给参观者。“全息透镜”技术能够解决博物馆展览的占地缺乏问题，吸引更多年轻人，并且能够使参观者身临其境。‎ ‎12. 考查上下文指代。根据文中第一段“.....to show visitors more of the objects ...”可知“its goal”是指博物馆的目的是展示更多项目给参观者。故选C.‎ ‎13. 细节理解题。根据第一段“.....an augmented reality（增强现实）device made by Microsoft.....”可知此增强现实的仪器是Microsoft开发的。故选C。‎ ‎14. 推理判断题。根据文中第六段“... gives visitors the ability to interact with their surroundings.”以及第七段“... to make visitors feel like they are interacting with the temple.可知全息透镜能够使交互作用成为可能，故选D。‎ ‎15. 预测推理题。根据文中第二段“...to let more visitors—especially young people—experience what the museum has to offer.”可知博物馆将会吸引更多年轻参观者，a正确。第四段“...people can virtually visit the exhibit and see so much more.”可知全息透镜技术能够展示出更多博物馆原本不能展示的项目，b正确。最后一段“Hololens will serve as a tour guide for exhibits that....”可知未来导游的需求将会减少，d正确。C错误，“People would travel back to ancient times”，“人们能够回到古代旅行”，全息技术并不能使人回到以前。故选A。‎ ‎[九]‎ Whether you love happy endings or a dark reality in TV dramas, you could soon be able to decide what you get. Netflix, the TV-streaming ‎ company behind hit shows such as The Crown and House Of Cards, is working on ways to give viewers control of key plot decisions.‎ Some of the storylines will be simple and linear, like the Choose Your Own Adventure books that many grew up with .For example, viewers might decide whether a prisoner in the drama Orange Is The New Black joins a gang (黑帮) or not.‎ The technology could also potentially be used to allow Princess Margaret to marry Peter Townsend in The Crown, instead of having her relationship with the divorcee (离婚者) blocked by the Establishment. Other storylines will be much more complex, allowing viewers to connect plot points in a variety of ways using their TV remotes.‎ A source said, "We're doing work on branch narratives (叙事) so you are actually making choices as you watch. All the content will be there, and then people will have to get through it in different ways. We'll see how it plays out. It's an experiment. We'll see if it gets much success. For creators, it's a new field."‎ Actors would film numerous alternate plot segments (片段) in advance, letting viewers choose which route to take through the story. Netflix will run a trial with choose-your-own-adventure shows for children later this year, based on an established character. If they are successful, it will use the format for TV programmes aimed at adults. Netflix president Reed Hastings confirmed that the company is working on interactive shows, saying," Once you have got interactivity, you can try anything."‎ At least five million UK households are thought to be signed up to Netflix, and it is challenging traditional broadcasters. Earlier this year, BBC boss Lord Hall promised to reinvent the iPlayer so that it overtakes Netflix as a destination in its own right, rather than a catch-up service.‎ ‎12. How will viewers connect plot points?‎ A. By using their TV remotes.‎ B. By taking part in TV programs.‎ C. By interacting with actors or actresses.‎ D. By participating in filming plot segments.‎ ‎13. Why will Netflix run choose-your-own-adventure shows for children?‎ A. To attempt to create another hit show.‎ B. To compete with traditional broadcasters.‎ C. To attract as many children viewers as possible.‎ D. To test whether their creative ideas are successful.‎ ‎14. What's Reed Hastings' attitude to interactive shows?‎ A. Confident. B. Doubtful.‎ C. Negative. D. Worried.‎ ‎15. What's the author's purpose of writing this text?‎ A. To advertise for Netflix company.‎ B. To recommend some English hit shows.‎ C. To predict future development in filming.‎ D. To introduce the latest technology in TV dramas.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一种新的电视技术，观众由此能够决定关键情节，可以决定自己想获得什么。‎ ‎12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“...allowing viewers to connect plot points in a variety of ways using their TV remotes.”可知，观众可以使用他们的电视遥控器以各种方式连接情节点。故选A。‎ ‎13. 细节理解题。根据“choose-your-own-adventure”可以定位到第二段，但此段没有出现原因，第三、四段都在讲这个技术，直到“...It's an experiment. We'll see if it gets much success.”，可知它是一个实验，我们会看到它是否取得了很大的成功。故选D。‎ ‎14. 推理判断题。根据第五段“Netflix president Reed Hastings confirmed that the company is working on interactive shows, saying," Once you have ‎ got interactivity, you can try anything."”可知， Netflix总裁里德·黑斯廷斯（Reed Hastings）证实，该公司正在开展互动节目，并说：一旦你有了互动，你可以尝试任何事情。表明他对公司的互动节目十分有信心。A.有信心的；B.怀疑的；C.消极的D.担忧的。故选A。‎ ‎15. 主旨题。第一段开篇点题“Whether you love happy endings or a dark reality in TV dramas, you could soon be able to decide what you get...”可知，一些电视媒体公司正在努力开发一种技术为观众提供关键情节决策的控制权。故选D。‎ ‎[十]‎ While I will explain a bit about the science of stress and relaxation a little later simple way to think about it is that our body 's stress response works like a car alarm. Keep us safe by warning us of the presence of danger in our immediate environment.‎ But instead of warning us with a loud and annoying sound，our body alarm system lets us know that something is wrong by creating changes in our neurochemistry (神经化学）.If you've ever experienced pain in your stomach，periods of extreme anger, inability to focus or even insomnia (失眠），chances are your body was paying the price in those moments for the brain chemistry of stress.‎ So if it's so uncomfortable，why not just get rid of stress altogether?‎ This is not only impractical，it would be dangerous. Let's go back to the metaphor (比喻说法）of the car alarm. If the alarm is turned off altogether，the car is exposed to continual danger without there being any way of your knowing about it until it is too late. It would be like walking through the jungle without any fear signal in the presence of a poisonous snake or other dangerous animals — while it might feel “nice” to be so relaxed，your body actually needs the stress response not only to remind you of danger but also to offer extra ‎ adrenaline (肾上腺素) for your heart and extra blood and oxygen for your arms and legs.‎ However，if the car alarm goes off at any time，someone just looks at the car with a bit of an attitude，and it becomes equally useless. Not only do we stop paying attention to it，but it begins to drive us and everyone around us becomes a little bit crazy. In the case of our bodies，walking around in a constant state of alarm also has some pretty alarming health consequences，which we will explore in greater depth in the next chapter.‎ ‎25. Our body's stress response is compared to a car alarm in that .‎ A. they work all the time B. they both give a signal C. they work in the same way D. they both produce a sound ‎26. When our body alarm system works， .‎ A. we feel calm B. we feel excited B. some changes happen in our brain D. some changes happen in our heart ‎27. What would happen if stress were got rid of completely?‎ A. We'11 be free of worries.‎ B. We'11 achieve a sense of safety.‎ C. We'11 reach a perfect state of mind.‎ D. We'11 fail to realize the possible danger.‎ ‎28. What's the purpose of giving the example of walking through the Jungle in Paragraph 4?‎ A. To show the harm of stress.‎ B. To show the effect of stress.‎ C. To explain the function of stress response.‎ D. To explain the necessity of stress response.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎25.B ‎26.C ‎27.D ‎28.D