2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming课后达标检测 人教版选修6 10页

Unit 4 Global warming ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·长沙四校一模)A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.‎ More than 2，000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.‎ Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight(困境) of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.‎ ‎“The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011，” said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. “Today we’re talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year，” Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlifeviewing tours, said he’s been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 U．S. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，‎ 10‎ 当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。‎ ‎1．What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?‎ A．Food shortage.‎ B．Climate change.‎ C．Habitats’ movement to shore.‎ D．Their preference for land.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.”可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。‎ ‎2．How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?‎ A．Excited.　 B．Puzzled.‎ C．Concerned. D．Shocked.‎ C　解析：观点态度题。根据第三段的内容可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。‎ ‎3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.‎ B．Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.‎ C．Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.‎ D．Tourism affects the balance of nature.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in the fall”及“Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.”可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。‎ ‎4．Which saying can describe the text?‎ A．The fittest can survive.‎ B．After a storm comes a calm.‎ C．There is always opportunity in crisis.‎ D．Every coin has two sides.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。通读文章可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去 10‎ ‎，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇，同时，村民又利用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供更多保护。因此D项“事物都有两面性”符合语境。故选D。‎ B ‎(2020·山西六校阶段性测试)World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th and was created to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe.‎ The very first World Environment Day took place in 1974, established by the United Nations General Assembly on the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment that took place in 1972. Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others, followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness. Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.‎ The 2018 World Environment Day was hosted by India, and the theme was Beat Plastic Pollution. It urged people to explore and choose supportable alternatives like paper or cloth bags to reduce the production and use of disposable plastic, which made up 10% of all of the waste. Even though the United Nations picks a specific host city every year, people around the world still celebrate World Environment Day in their hometowns with parades(游行), concerts, cleaning up and tree planting and all kinds of green actions to work towards having a beautiful planet and battling pollution.‎ World Environment Day is not a public holiday, so you won’t be getting the day off work or school, but if you want to celebrate, why not bring it to the attention of your parents, friends, colleagues or classmates? World Environment Day is all about working together to take action for the planet, so try to get everyone you know interested in helping do something. Things as small as making sure people have a way to recycle can make a difference. You could also try beautifying your neighborhood by planting gardens, learn about green foods, raise money for a local wildlife conservation group or simply learn about the effects of different products on the earth.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日的由来和情况，并呼吁全员行动起来帮助保护地球。‎ 10‎ ‎5．Why is World Environment Day set up?‎ A．To make people know more about nature.‎ B．To ask people to help to protect the globe.‎ C．To warn people of the danger of air pollution.‎ D．To encourage people to plan the earth’s future.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe”可知，世界环境日的目的是鼓励人们积极参与环境保护并多学会些方法来帮助确保地球将来的安全。故选B。‎ ‎6．What do people do on World Environment Day?‎ A．Decide a host city.‎ B．Hold a theme party.‎ C．Discuss environmental ideas.‎ D．Show some plastic products.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others”以及“Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.”可以看出，人们主要是在这一天讨论环境问题。‎ ‎7．Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “disposable” in paragraph 3?‎ A．Highcost.　 B．Poorquality.‎ C．Secondhand. D．Singleuse.‎ D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Beat Plastic Pollution”可以看出，2018年的主题是“塑战速决”，再结合画线词前面的“It urged people to explore and choose supportable alternatives like paper or cloth bags”和后面的“which made up 10% of all of the waste”可知，“disposable plastic”造成大量资源浪费，所以“一次性的”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎8．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?‎ A．Every bit of effort counts.‎ B．Doing is better than saying.‎ C．Many hands make light work.‎ D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.‎ A　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，世界环境日不是公共节日，所以人们不放假。但如果你想庆祝的话，‎ 10‎ 为何不让你周围的人关注它？所以最后一段主要是讲每个人都可以从身边小事做起，行动起来保护地球，每个人的微小努力都很重要，故选A项。Doing is better than saying“行胜于言”；Many hands make light work“众人拾柴火焰高”；Nothing is impossible to a willing heart“有志者事竟成”。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others, followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句，where引导定语从句修饰a host city，在这个定语从句中又有一个who引导的定语从句，followed by是过去分词短语作伴随状语。‎ 译文：每年联合国都会选择一个主题和主办城市，在那里任何关心环境的人都可以与别人谈论环境话题，之后还有不同种类的展品展出以提高(人们的)环保意识。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·安徽百所重点中学模拟)I used to watch Gogglebox when Caroline narrated(解说) it, partly because we were great friends, but also because I loved the programme. In November 2013, when she was __1__ ill with cancer, Caroline asked me if I’d narrate Gogglebox when she wasn’t __2__ to it. Certainly I said yes. Caroline was well and then unwell, so I __3__ whenever she needed me to.‎ When Caroline __4__ in July 2016, I took over narrating __5__. She will of course be in my life forever, __6__ it was heartbreaking for me to go into the small __7__ in Manchester at 8 am every Friday morning to __8__ the narration. That was because I knew Caroline used to sit in the __9__ room. Now that time has passed, going there is a __10__ moment because I feel Caroline is with me again.‎ I was new to narration—I’d had little __11__ about it before. When I first narrated Gogglebox, the team was __12__ me during the whole process. Later I got to know the __13__ and cast of Gogglebox, and they’re all unique and great. I expect to __14__ my narrating and see them every week.‎ Gogglebox is so great that it can make you __15__ —I’ve been in tears loads of times—but it’s also really warm and __16__， for something in it can always lift your spirits. When Gogglebox is __17__， I watch it on TV like everybody else. I can __18__ my narration as a fan and forget about my __19__ in it. I’m not only viewing the __20__， but also recalling(回忆) the unforgettable past Caroline and I had together again.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己做Gogglebox节目解说人的经历。因为对该节目的喜爱以及好友Caroline是节目解说人，在Caroline身患癌症的时候，‎ 10‎ 作者曾给Caroline代班，由此开启了作者的解说之路。‎ ‎1．A.actually　　 B．secretly C．exactly D．seriously D　解析：根据下文中的“with cancer”和作者对Caroline的回忆可判断，Caroline身患重病——癌症，故用seriously。‎ ‎2．A.equal B．close C．related D．used A　解析：因为Caroline身患癌症而不能胜任这份工作了，她问作者是否愿意解说Gogglebox。be equal to sth.“能胜任某事”，符合语境。be close to“接近……”；be related to“与……有关”；be used to“习惯于……”。‎ ‎3．A.gave in B．filled in C．took down D．calmed down B　解析：根据下文中的“whenever she needed me to”可知，只要需要，作者都会去填补空缺，故用filled in。give in“屈服”，take down“取下”，calm down“平静”，均不符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.passed away B．turned up C．left off D．pulled through A　解析：根据下文中的“I took over”“She will of course be in my life forever” “I feel Caroline is with me again”可知，Caroline去世了。pass away“去世，亡故”；turn up“到达，出现；调高”；leave off“停止，中断”；pull through“渡过难关”。‎ ‎5．A.rules B．plans C．duties D．traditions C　解析：由于Caroline去世，作者接替了解说的职责，故用duties。‎ ‎6．A.but B．then C．so D．even A　解析：上文中的“She will of course be in my life forever”与下文中的“it was heartbreaking for me to go into”存在语意和逻辑上的转折关系，故用but。‎ ‎7．A.stop B．studio C．position D．path B　解析：根据语境和下文中的“room”可分析，此处表示每周五早上8点走进这间小演播室(studio)录制(record)节目解说让作者心碎。‎ ‎8．A.ignore B．judge C．record D．consider 10‎ C　解析：参见上题解析。record“录制，录(音)，录(像)”，符合语境。ignore“忽视”；judge“判断，断定”；consider“仔细考虑”。‎ ‎9．A.next B．other C．same D．opposite C　解析：前面提到了作者接替了Caroline的工作，并且走进这间小演播室录制节目解说让作者心碎，因为作者知道Caroline曾坐在这间房子里。故用same。‎ ‎10．A.tough B．regular C．stressful D．wonderful D　解析：上文中的“Now that time has passed”和下文中的“because I feel Caroline is with me again”说明，那样的时期已经过去，现在走进演播室是一个美妙的时刻，故用wonderful。‎ ‎11．A.concern B．doubt C．expectation D．knowledge D　解析：作者在解说方面是新手，她之前在这方面知之甚少。have little knowledge about/of“对……知道很少”。‎ ‎12．A.forcing B．forbidding C．guiding D．questioning C　解析：根据上文可知，作者在解说方面是新手，因此在作者第一次做解说时，Gogglebox制作团队全程指导她。guide“指导”，符合语境。force“强迫”；forbid“阻止，禁止”；question“质询，怀疑”。‎ ‎13．A.crew B．family C．class D．audience A　解析：后来作者认识了Gogglebox的工作人员(crew)和演员，每个人都很特别并且很棒，作者每周都期待开始(start)解说录制和见到他们。‎ ‎14．A.change B．start C．complete D．end B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.nod B．excite C．shock D．cry D　解析：根据下文中的“I’ve been in tears loads of times”可知，它会让你哭泣，故用cry。‎ ‎16．A.moving B．disappointing C．inspiring D．challenging C　解析：根据下文中的“for something in it can always lift your spirits”可知，‎ 10‎ 它也是鼓舞人心的。inspiring“鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的”符合语境。‎ ‎17．A.on the move B．on the air C．on the turn D．on the march B　解析：当Gogglebox播出时，作者像其他人一样在电视上观看。on the air“正在播送(电视、广播)”。‎ ‎18．A.enjoy B．act C．produce D．improve A　解析：根据下文中的“as a fan and forget about my ______ in it”可知，作者像一名粉丝一样去欣赏自己的解说。故用enjoy。‎ ‎19．A.worry B．part C．interest D．dream B　解析：此处指作者会忘记自己参与其中。‎ ‎20．A.office B．trip C．story D．show D　解析：结合语境分析，此处表示作者不仅是在看这个节目，也是在回忆自己和好友Caroline共度的难忘往事。故用show指代Gogglebox这个节目。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2020·贵阳高三摸底)‎ Dear Jack，‎ I’m glad to learn that you are interesting in the students’ reading in your school. We have a grand library on a collection of 200，000 books and 5 large reading rooms, in that we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of reading is freely to go there whenever they are available. A monthly activity is holding for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn we had a reading festival where drama performances are shown and distinguished writer are invited.‎ In the library, books on history are my favorites, from which I get a better understanding of human civilization and a progress both in China and abroad.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：‎ Dear Jack，‎ I’m glad to learn that you are in the students’ reading in 10‎ ‎ school. We have a grand library a collection of 200，000 books and 5 large reading rooms, in we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of reading is to go there whenever they are available. A monthly activity is for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn we a reading festival where drama performances are shown and distinguished are invited.‎ In the library, books on history are my favorites, from which I get a better understanding of human civilization and progress both in China and abroad.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎①interesting改为interested。考查形容词。“对……感兴趣”应用be interested in来表达，故此处应将interesting改为interested。‎ ‎②your改为our。考查代词。根据下文中的“We have a grand library”可知，此处表示“在我们学校”，故要用our。‎ ‎③on改为with/of。考查介词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是介词短语作定语修饰library，表示该图书馆具备什么样的特征，或以什么样的形态存在，故此处应用with或of，表示该图书馆有20万册藏书和5个大阅览室。‎ ‎④that改为which。考查定语从句。在“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的结构中，介词后面不能用that，要用which或whom；本定语从句的先行词为reading rooms，故要用“in which”引导该定语从句。‎ ‎⑤freely改为free。考查形容词。本句中的“fond of reading”为形容词短语作定语，修饰Anyone，故要用形容词free作表语和is共同构成谓语部分。‎ ‎⑥holding改为held。考查动词的语态。A monthly activity“每月的活动”是“被举行”的，故要用被动语态is held，故将helding改为held。‎ ‎⑦在exchange前加to。考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示每月为学生举行的活动是为了让他们交流关于阅读的想法。‎ ‎⑧had改为have。考查动词的时态。“Every autumn(每个秋天)”作本句的时间状语，表示现在经常发生的动作，谓语部分要用一般现在时。‎ ‎⑨writer改为writers。考查名词的单复数。根据后面的“are invited”可知，此处的作家不止一人，故要用名词writer的复数形式。‎ 10‎ ‎⑩删除progress前的a。考查冠词。progress意为“进步”，为不可数名词，故其前不能用不定冠词。‎ 10‎