2020届二轮复习定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句（79张） 79页

2020 届二轮复习主从复合句 名词性从句 熟读深思 朗读下列各句，并思考划线的从句在全句中作什么成分？ 1. What he did made me extremely angry. 2. My suggestion is that we should turn the land into rice fields . 主语 表语 3. The fact that he tells lies all the time makes us surprised . 4. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another . 5. He told me that his father had died and that he lived alone . 同位语 介词宾语 动词宾语 6. She has made it clear that she will get married next month. 7. Our success depends on whether everyone works hard. ( 不用 if) 8. Let me know whether or not you can come .( 不用 if) 宾语 介词宾语 宾语 9. Whether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather. ( 不用 if) 10. The advice that she wait till next week is reasonable. ( 不用 which) the advice 的同位语 主语 灵活运用 一、连词填空 1. A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago. 2. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree. what where 3. _______ the doctor really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious illness soon. 4. He can’t answer the question ______ he got the money. What how 5. _______ you don’t like him is none of my business. 6._______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 7. It worried her a bit_____ her hair was turning grey. That Whoever that 8. The news ______ he was badly injured surprised us. 9. The news _____ he told me just now is true ． that that 10. A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. 11. _____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. ( 山东 ) that What 12. The news ____ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper. ( 上海 ) 13. People in Chongqing are proud of ______ they have achieved in the past ten years. ( 重庆 ) that what 二、语篇填空 I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing [1] _______happened in my restaurant today. This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew [2]______ he was. We wondered [3] ________ he was so hungry. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. that who why We doubted [4] __________ the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked [5]________ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see [6]____ he took out of a letter and a million pound bank-note. that whether/if whether/if I asked Mr. Clements [7]__________ it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought [8] ____ the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake. what whether/if [9]_____ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe [10] ____ excited I was. how why 三、写作运用 The news that the Expo would be held in Shanghai made me excited. However, I was preparing for my University Entrance Examination, so I wondered when I could go to Shanghai. To my surprise, before the exam, my father asked me whether I wanted to have a trip to Shanghai after the examination. Actually, that was what I was eager to. But what moved me most was that my father didn’t emphasize my scores as usual. What he did this time allowed me to attend the examination at ease, and as a result, I was admitted by Zhongshan University. 状语从句 灵活运用 一、单句填空 1. They will fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two or three days. ( 重庆 ) 2. -Did you return Fred’s call? -I didn’t need to __________ I’ll see him tomorrow. ( 北京 ) where because 3. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time _______ Brian gets back. ( 北京 ) 4. ____________________the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. ( 湖南 ) before Although/Though/While 5. _______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. ( 辽宁 ) 6. A small car is big enough for a family of three ________ you need more space for baggage. ( 全国 Ⅱ) However unless 7. You’d better not leave the medicine ________ kids can get it. ( 山东 ) 8. There were some chairs left over ______ everyone had sat down. ( 四川 ) where when 9. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure. ( 浙江 ) 10. All people, ________ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. ( 重庆 ) unless whether 二、语篇填空 用适当的词填空 ( 主要是从句的连词 ) 。 Gandhi was honored as the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians with the belief [1] _______ he is an Indian national hero. that He was born in India in 1869. [2]___ is recorded, he got married at the age of 13, following the local custom. In 1888 he sailed to England, [3] ______ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer. [4]____ his return to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case. As where On In South Africa he was surprised to find [5] _____ the problem of racial discrimination was serious. There he formed an organization and this was [6]____ he started to fight for equal rights. that how Gandhi returned to India in 1915, [7]____ India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country. [8]________________ in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison and it was still not sure [9]________ they could gain independence, the struggles never stopped. when Although/Though whether The British government had to give in and India won its independence in 1947. Unfortunately Gandhi was shot by an Indian [10]_____ opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948. who 三、写作运用 Chinese government has taken action to improve the environment since our China succeeded in bidding for the Asia Games in Guangzhou. When you arrive in Guangzhou, you will find that there are lots of skyscrapers and factories, but you can still feel the freshness of the air. Although the vehicles are running up and down every second, the traffic is smoother than before. There are many foreign friends like you coming here to be volunteers because they think Guangzhou is a city which deserves them to service. Therefore, if everyone who comes to Guangzhou can obey the orders, Guangzhou will be more charming. 关系代词引导的定语从句 归纳总结 1. 先行词是人，在从句中作主语用 ______ ，作宾语用 whom 或 who ，作定语用 _______ ；先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用 which ，作定语用 ________ 或 whose 均可。在限制性定语从句中 which, who, whom 都可用 that 代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。 who whose of which 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，或者当先行词是指人的 those, anyone, everyone, people, he, all, few, one(s) 等时，通常不用 ________ 引导。 that 3. 以下情况下只能用或多用 that ： (1) 当先行词是指物的 all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one 时，或先行词被 all, little, few, much, any, every, no 等修饰时。 (2) 先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词 ( 包括 last, next) 、最高级形容词及 the only, the very 等修饰时。 (3) 先行词包括人和物时。 灵活运用 一、单句填空 用适当的关系代词填空。 1. The number of people _______ were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 2. All _______ glitters is not gold. 3. He________ laughs last laughs best. who that who 4. This is the boy_____ mother is a teacher. 5. I’d like the room________ window looks out over the sea. 6. Those ___ want to see the movie should book the tickets in advance. whose whose who 7. This is the very book _______ I am looking for. 8. He will tell you everything ________ he heard about. that that 9. This novel, _______ I have read three times, is very touching. 10. Do you know the professor_____ is speaking at the meeting? who which 关系副词引导的定语从句 归纳总结 当先行词是表示 、 _______ 、 _______ 、 原因 ( 且只能是 reason) ，且这些先行词在定 语从句中作状语时，就分别用 ________ 、 where_______ 、来引导定语从句。 2. when, where, why 一般可用“介词 +which” 替代，其中 reason 后的 why 通常用 for which 替代。 时间 地点 when why 3. 如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或者定语，即尽管先行词是表示时间、地点、或原因的，但他们在定语从句中不是作 _______ ，而是作主语、宾语或定语时，也不能用关系 ____ (when, where, why) ，而要用关系代词。 副词 状语 灵活运用 一、单句填空 1. I’ll never forget the day _____ I played there. 2. I’ll never forget the day ___________I spent there. 3. The school _________ I learned English was very large. where when which/that 4. The school ______________ I visited yesterday was very large. 5. I study at a school ________ reputation has begun to extend beyond South China. 6. Can you tell me the reason _____ you were absent today? why which/that whose 7. The reason _____________ he gave for not coming was that his mother didn’t allow him to. 8. I’ll never forget the day ____ which I worked with you. on which/that 9. I’ll never forget the days ____ which I worked with you. 10. The school____ which I learned judo was very large. in in 11. The school _____ which I was sent was very large. 12. What was the reason ____ which you visited the city? for to 二、写作运用 As is known to all, China covers more than 9.6 million square kilometers, which is the third largest country in the world.The Chinese nation consists of 56 nationalities, among which the Han Ethnic Group is the largest, making up 94% of the whole.besides, there are many big rivers in China, the most important of which are the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.There was a time when Chinese economy was far behind many other countries in the world.However, with the development of the economy, the days are gone forever when the Chinese people were looked down upon, of which all Chinese are proud. “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句 归纳总结 1. 在“介词 + 关系代词”中，先行词指人时只能用 ______ ，先行词指物时只能用 ______ ；但当介词不直接放在关系代词前面，而位于定语从句末尾时，先行词指人时关系代词可以用 _______/_______/________ ；先行词指物时，关系代词可以用 _______ /________ ， 这时这些作宾语关系代词往往可以省略。 whom which who whom that which that 2. 研析句 3 (pay...for...) 可知，介词由定语从句中的 _________ 与介词的搭配关系来确定。由句 1 可知，介词由定语从句中的 _________ 来确定，有时需要根据全句的意思，综合考虑才能确定。 先行词 谓语动词 灵活运用 一、用适当的关系代词填空。 1. This is the pen with ______ I wrote the letter. 2. The man from _______ I learned the news came. which whom 3. Here is the hero ____________ we are proud of. 4. The day _________ he was born on is October 10th. which/that whom/who/that 二、用适当的介词填空。 1. She was educated at Beijing university, _______which she went to have her advanced study abroad. 2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_____ which people were eaten by the tiger. after in 3. Alice asked the policeman______whom she worked to contact her whenever there was an accident. 4. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person____ whom she could turn for help. with to 5. I have many friends, ___ whom some are businessmen. 6. The girl _______ whom my father is talking at the school gate is my elder sister. of to/with 7. They will visit the farm___ which my brother works. 8. Water is very important for us _______ which we can not live. without on 三、写作运用 Hello,everyone!Let me tell you something about our school and our teachers that you may be interested in. Our school is a beautiful and quite place, in front of which stand a lot of tall trees and behind which lies a river. Our school was founded in 1998, when there were only 2 buildings where about 200 students and teachers had classes , dined and lived. However, there are more than 200 teachers in our school, 70% of whom are men teachers .Besides, there are more than 3000 students, half of whom are girl students. In the past few years, our students have done a good job in the College Entrance Exam, which may be the reason why junior graduates put our school as their first choice. which 和 as 引导非限制性定语从句的区别 归纳总结 当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时，这类非限制性定语从句只能由 which 或 as 来引导。两者的区别在于： 1. ______ 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，而 _____ 引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后； which as 2. _______ 常译作“这”；而 __ 常译作“正如”，且多与 see ， expect ， imagine ， know ， hope 等动词连用； which as 3. 在定语从句中作主语时，用 as 时谓语部分一般有 be ；若谓语是不含 be 的行为动词时，要用 _________ 。 4. as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，而 which 不受此限制； which 5. as 常用于固定搭配中： as is often the case （这是常有的事）， as we expected （不出所料）； as often happens （正如经常发生的那样）； as is known to all （众所周知）； as has been said before （如上所述）； as is mentioned above （正如上面所提到的）等等。 灵活运用 一、专项填空用 which 或 as 填空。 1.____ is mentioned above, paper is first made in China. 2. Jim passed the driving test,_________ surprised everybody in the office. ( 浙江 ) As which 3. ___ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. ( 江苏 ) 4. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,______ , of course , made the others envy him. As which 5. ___ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. 6. The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn’t expected. As which 7. The weather turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect. 8.___ is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once every month. As which 二、综合填空用适当的关系词填空。 1. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of _______ are beyond our control. (2008 湖南 ) 2. The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. (2008 江苏 ) which which 3. Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008 山东 ) 4. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (2008 江西 ) when where 5. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of ______ were made of small diamonds. (2008 陕西 ) 6. Yesterday she sold her car, ____ she bought a month ago. (2008 浙江 ) which which 三、写作运用 Both Adam and Rose are famous film stars and good friends, whose fans are friendly to each other , so as is often the case, they eat together in the restaurant and turn up at the same press. Besides, as is reported in the newspaper , they married last year , as their fans expected. In their wedding, they invited a lot of friends and relatives, most of whom were also famous stars. In their honeymoon, they travelled to a lot of places , one of which was Hawaii, where they longed to go for a long time. However, they divorced a year after their marriage, which was unexpected. 2011 高考题 1. （ 2011• 四川卷 • T10 ） Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which 【 解析 】 选 C 考查宾语从句。句意为 : 老师总是告诉我们，如果想要成功，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。 believe in 之后是两个并列的宾语从句，在第一个从句里，动词 do 缺少宾语，所以用 what 。故选 C. 2. （ 2011• 山东卷 •T26 ） I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 【 解析 】 选 D 。恐怕他在很大程度上是一个空谈的人而不是一个干实事的人，这就是他为什么一事无成的原因。根据句子语法结构， why 在句中用来引导表语从句。其他连词与句子语意不符。 3. （ 2011• 辽宁卷 • T23 ） Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read first. A. what B. who C. how D. why 【 解析 】 选 C 。考查宾语从句的引导词，句意为：二十名学生想参加旨在于教授如何快速阅读的课程。 what 什么； who 谁； how 如何，符合句意； why 为什么。 4. （ 2011• 辽宁卷 • T32 ） When the news came the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because 【 解析 】 选 C 。考查同位语从句，句意为：当战争已爆发的消息传来时，他决定到军队中服役。空格后 the war broke out 为 news 的内容，构成了同位语从句，而且从句中什么成分也不缺，要用 that 来引导， that 不能省略。 since 自从，既然； which 哪一个； because 因为，引导原因状语从句。 5. （ 2011• 福建卷 • T33 ） It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. A. that B. when C. since D. before 【 解析 】 选 B 。考查定语从句。句意为： 2011 年 4 月 29 日，威廉王子和凯特 • 米德尔顿步入了结婚仪式的殿堂。句中缺定语从句的关系词，因先行词是 April 29, 2011 且在从句中作时间状语，故用 when 。此题易误选 A ，将其看作是强调句，若是强调句应在时间前面加上介词 on 。 6. （ 2011• 北京卷 • T26 ） 26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 【 解析 】 选 B 。考查定语从句。句意为：玛丽对待杰克比对其他人好的多，当然，这使得其他所有人心烦。分析句子结构可知逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，排除 D 项； C 项不能引导定语从句，故排除；关系代词代指逗号前的整个句子，故排除 A 项，正确答案为 B 项。 Thank you!