2020年高三英语开学大串讲完形填空专题精讲 6页

完形填空专题精讲 课前准备，课后巩固词汇，深度消化。完形填空选项拓展复习：包括一词多义、近义词、派生词、注意不规则变化等！（2019年全国卷I完形填空选项词汇及拓展）‎ 题号 词性 选项词汇 转化 派生 注意事项 ‎41‎ 动词 keep“保留”；mix“混和 connect“联结”；bring带来 mixture, connection ‎ kept, brought ‎42‎ 名词 crowd“人群”；‎ story“故事”；building“建筑物”；‎ reporter“记者”‎ reporter built ‎43‎ 名词 face“面貌，外观特征”；‎ position“位置”；‎ age“年龄，时代”；‎ name“名称，名字”‎ age变老, ‎ face面对,‎ name命名 ‎44‎ 形容词 silent沉默的, ‎ skeptical怀疑的, ‎ serious严肃的, ‎ crazy疯狂的 silence, silently skeptically, seriously, crazily, craziness ‎45‎ 动词 discover “发现”；‎ argue“争论”；‎ decide“决定”；‎ advocate“提倡，主张”‎ discovery, argument,‎ decision, advocator ‎ ‎46‎ 名词 camp“营地”；grass“草地”；‎ equipment“设备”；‎ stone“石块”‎ equipment, grass不可数；‎ equipped ‎47‎ 形容词 remote“偏远的”；quiet“安静的”；tall“高的”；clean“干净的”‎ clean ‎ vt.清洁，打扫 ‎48‎ 形容词 new“新的”；‎ special“特别的，格外的”；significant“有重大意义的，重大的”；‎ necessary“必要的”‎ newly, specially ‎ significantly, significance, necessarily, necessity ‎ ‎49‎ 动词 pay off“奏效，取得成功”；‎ spread out“伸展，散开”；‎ pay-paid-paid spread-spread-spread 6‎ 短语 blow up“爆炸”；‎ fade away“逐渐消失”‎ blow-blew-blown ‎50‎ 名词 atmosphere“气氛，‎ experience“体验”；‎ experiment“实验”；‎ sight“视力，景物”‎ experience vt.体验；经历；n.经验（U）；经历(C)‎ experienced有经验的 ‎51‎ 动词 study“研究”；‎ observe“观察”；‎ explore“探索”；‎ regard“认为”‎ study学习；书房 regard问候 regard…as…把……看作 be regarded as…被看作……‎ ‎52‎ 名词 view“观点”；quality“质量”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的”‎ view景色；看作 view…as…把……看作 on purpose故意 ‎53‎ 名词 scientist“科学家”；‎ climber“登山者”；local“当地人”；official“官员”‎ local当地的 ‎54‎ 动词短语 hold on to“保住”；‎ go back to“追溯到”；‎ live up to“不辜负”；‎ give way to“被……代替”‎ ‎55‎ 动词 change“变化”；clear“放晴”；‎ improve“改善，提高”；‎ permit“许可，允许”‎ change n.变化clear 清晰的 improvement permission envelope n.信封；封袋 vt.封住；笼罩 ‎56‎ 动词 match“相配”；‎ imagine“想象”；‎ count“数数”；add“增加”‎ match n.火柴；比赛 imagination imaginative imaginary countable ‎57‎ 名词 village“村庄”；desert“沙漠”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊”‎ villager村民 ‎58‎ 副词 obviously“明显地”；‎ easily“容易地”；‎ consequently“结果”；‎ finally“最后，终于”‎ consequently=as a result/ consequence;‎ finally=eventually ‎=at last ‎59‎ 形容词 permanent“永久的，永恒的”；‎ little“小的”；fresh“新鲜的”；‎ artificial“人造的，人工的”‎ little-less-least 6‎ ‎60‎ 动词 enjoy“享受……的乐趣”；‎ deserve“值得”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得”‎ enjoyable save救 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分） （2019年全国卷I完形填空）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa．They 41 with them lots of waste． The 42 might damage the beauty of the place． The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro．‎ Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．‎ However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish． I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths． The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 ．‎ The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top． Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures． This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers． At the base is a rainforest． It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants． Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass． I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand． Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks． 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear．‎ Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true．‎ ‎41． A． keep B． mix C． connect D． bring ‎ ‎42． A． stories B． buildings C． crowds D． reporters ‎43． A． position B． age C． face D． name ‎ ‎44． A． silent B． skeptical C． serious D． crazy ‎45． A． discover B． argue C． decide D． advocate ‎ 6‎ ‎46． A． equipment B． grass C． camps D． stones ‎47． A． remote B． quiet C． all D． clean ‎48． A． new B． special C． significant D． necessary ‎49． A． paying off B． spreading out C． blowing up D． fading away ‎50． A． atmosphere B． experience C． experiment D． sight ‎51． A． studied B． observed C． explored D． regarded ‎52． A． view B． quality C． reason D． purpose ‎53． A． scientists B． climbers C． locals D． officials ‎54． A． holding on to B． going back to C． living up to D． giving way to ‎55． A． changes B． clears C． improves D． permits ‎56． A． match B． imagine C． count D． add ‎57． A． village B． desert C． road D． lake ‎58． A． Obviously B． Easily C． Consequently D． Finally ‎59． A． permanent B． little C． fresh D． artificial ‎60． A． enjoy B． deserve C． save D． acquire 填写下表：熟词性、找联系、合语境。（可用图解法展示该表，圈注答案的根据，直观易懂。）‎ 体裁：夹叙夹议文 题材：环境保护 主题：保护乞力马扎罗山 大意：文章围绕人与自然的主题，讲述了乞力马扎罗山环境遭到破坏的现状，同时也介绍了它独特的生态系统，旨在呼吁人们去保护这一奇观。‎ 题号 词性 答案，命题点联系及启示（段间、句间及句内联系；搭配要考虑语境，特别要注意一词多义在具体语境的灵活运用！！）‎ 错选原因：请在错题处标明序号 ‎41‎ 动词 D. bring句内联系：bring with them lots of waste ‎①单词不懂；‎ ‎②不明文意；‎ ‎③技巧不熟；‎ ‎④粗心大意；‎ ‎⑤圈错关键词；‎ 6‎ ‎⑥没有区分选项中词汇的感情色彩和使用范围；‎ ‎⑦以个人理解代替文中作者意图，认为另一个选项也可以。‎ ‎42‎ 名词 C. crowds句间联系：about 40,000 people；首尾呼应：crowded ‎43‎ 名词 C. face句间联系：damage the beauty of the place ‎44‎ 形容词 B. skeptical段间联系：首段damage the beauty of the place；本段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．‎ ‎45‎ 动词 A. discover段间联系：注意However表转折，不久我就发现…‎ ‎46‎ 名词 B. camps句间联系：with toilets at camps and along the paths ‎47‎ 形容词 C. clean句间及段间联系：形成对比，说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化 ‎48‎ 形容词 D. significant句内联系：but起作用，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。‎ ‎49‎ 动词短语 A. paying off句内联系：但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎取得成效 ‎50‎ 名词 B. experience句间及段间联系：乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。词汇复现上一段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．D选项sight“景物”为较强干扰项。‎ ‎51‎ 动词 C. regarded句内联系与搭配：be regarded as…山被认为是精神之所在 ‎52‎ 名词 A. view句间联系：承接上句，view译为“观点”而不是“景色”！‎ ‎53‎ 名词 B. climbers句间及段间联系：结合本段末句的climb和首段climb ‎54‎ 动词短语 C. giving way to句内及句间联系，考查固搭在具体语境的灵活运用：乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3 000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。‎ ‎55‎ 动词 A. changes句内及句间联系：上山天气变化 ‎56‎ 动词 B. count句内联系：twelve shades ‎57‎ 名词 C. desert句内联系，结合常识： the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks．‎ ‎58‎ 副词 D. Finally句间联系：句子之间的衔接关系 ‎59‎ 形容词 A. permanent句内联系：永久积雪 ‎60‎ 动词 B. deserve句内联系，结合文章大意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受……的乐趣”，指好的事情；acquire“获得”，多指获取知识和技能之类。‎ 6‎ 6‎