高考英语易错题解题方法大全-单项选择[下] 7页

高考英语易错题解题方法大全（2）：单项选择（下） 【示例 1】 The little girl had no choice but______ ____at home. A. to stay B. to saying C. stayed D. stay 【错解分析】典型错误 D。 错因分析： 学生会误以为 have no choice but do sth. 【解题指导】 实际上当 but 前有实义动词 do 的任何形式时，省略掉 to；若没有，则不可以省 略。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 A. 【练习 1】The little girl could do nothing but __________at home. A. to stay B. to saying C. stayed D. stay 【错解分析】误选 A 或 C， 误以为 to 不能省略而选 A， 以为 but 是连词连接并列成分而选 C。 【解题指导】实际上当 but 前有实义动词 do 的任何形式时，省略掉 to 【答案】D 【示例 2】We will never forget the days______ ____we spent together. A. that B. where C. on which D. when 【错解分析】典型错误 D; 错因分析: 学生会误以为 the days 后跟从句应用关联词 when。 【解题指导】 本题是考察定语从句。从句谓语动词 spend 用法是 spend sth in doing sth 是及物 动词，在从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 A. 【练习 2】 We will never forget the days______ ____ we worked together. A. that B. where C. on which D. when 【错解分析】 学生会误以为 work 是及物动词而用关系代词 【解题指导】其实，work 是一个不及物动词，在从句中不缺宾语，用关系副词 when。 【答案】D 【示例 3】 ______ many times，so he could ____understand it. A. Having told B. Having been told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 【错解分析】典型错误 B 或 D 错因分析： 由于没有看清题干中的连词 so，而误以为本题考 察非谓语，或选择了 D。 【解题指导】 由于有了连词 so，因此前面必须是完整的句子，而不需要再用连词。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 3】______ many times，he couldn’t ____understand it. A. Telling B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told 【错解分析】由于没有注意到题干缺少连词或用非谓语作状语没搞清楚，而误选了 B 或 C。 【解题指导】he 与 tell 之间是被动关系，应用 Having been teld; 或用连词连接。 【答案】D 【示例 4】There no strong earthquake in the area in the near future，people have no fear in mind. A. is B. will be C. being D. going to be 【错解分析】典型错误 B.错因分析:学生若没有分清这是两个句子，其中并没有关联词就很容 易选错。 【解题指导】因为两句之间用了逗号，而且前后两句均无连词，且不是非限定性定语从句， 所以断定逗号之前不可能是一个句子，而只能是一个短语，故排除能作谓语成分的谓语动词， 也就排除 A、B、D 三个答案，所以选 C。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 4】_______being March 12th, they planted trees on the hill. A. That B. It is C. It D。 This 【错解分析】若没搞清楚这是考查独立主格结构就很容易误选答案。 【解题指导】两句中均无连词，所以断定逗号之前不可能是一个句子，而只能是一个短语， 表示时间应用 it 来做主语，因此答案应选 C。 【答案】C 【示例 5】.Was it through Mary , ____ was working at a high school , _____ you get to know Tom ？ A. who, who B. that, which C. who, that D. who, which 【错解分析】典型错误 A, 错因分析：他们认为非限制性定语从句不用关系代词 that 引导而 排除了 C。 【解题指导】在此句中 Was it…that… 是强调句型的一般疑问句，第一空为定语从句中的关 系代词，第二空为强调句中的连接词, 故选 C。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C 【练习 5】 If you know ________ it was that wrote Gone with the wind, raise your hand. A. whom B. which C. who D. that 【错解分析】学生会误以为是 know 的宾语而错选 A。 【解题指导】这是强调句型的特殊疑问句，被强调部分是主语，故选 C。 【答案】C 【示例 6】I'm examining the composition he has just finished ____ the possible mistakes in it. A. correcting B. to correct C. corrected D. correct 【错解分析】典型错误 A 错因分析：因为习惯思维 finish 后接 doing，而误选 A. 【解题指导】从句 he has just finished 为定语从句,动词不定式作目的状语.答案选 B 【答案】本题的正确选项为 B. 【练习 7】She can't help _____ the house because she's busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 【错解分析】容易简单地套用 can't help doing 从而就使同学们形成了思维定势而误选 B。 【解题指导】根据句意可以得知，help 在句中是“帮助”的意思而不是“禁不住”的意思，to 可有 可无，故选 A。 【答案】A 【示例 7】 --- What do you think made Mary so upset --- ____ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing. 【错解分析】典型错误 D 错因分析: 此题迷惑项为 D,这是犯了 Chinglish 之错. 【解题指导】what 只能用动名词短语 Losing her new bicycle 来代替.答案 B 为过去分词不作主 语,答案 A 不构成主语从句.若将答语补充完整,全句为 Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.因此缺少主语,正确答案为 C. 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C.. 【练习 7】— What should I do with the text? —_____ the topic sentence of each paragraph. A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 【错解分析】此题极易误选 A.认为是动名词短语作 do 的宾语. 【解题指导】.本题属于承前省略补全句子应为 You should find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.因此应选 C 【答案】C 【示例 8】Who did the teacher have ___ an article for the wall newspaper just now A. written B. writing C. write D. to write 【错解分析】典型错误 A 错因分析：受 have done 的影响而误选. 【解题指导】此处所用句型为 have sb.do sth 不妨把 who 换为 Tom,利用还原句子结构的方法变 为肯定句:The teacher hadTom write an article for the wall newspaper just now. 答案应选 C. 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 8】Is this factory ______ you visited the other day？ A. the one B. that C. where D. when 【错解分析】本题容易误选 B，这是由于没有把句子还原正确而选了 B。 【解题指导】This factory is ______ you visited the other day．句中 is 后面无表浯，定语从句也 没有先行词，故应填入既能作表语又能作先行词的 the one 【答案】A 【示例 9】Tom is such an excellent boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【错解分析】典型错误 A 错因分析：多同学一看到题干中的 such，再联系到选项中的 that， 便认为这是考查 such … that …句式。 【解题指导】 但是从句中缺少 like 的宾语，应该是定语从句，前面有了 such，应用 as，而不 是 that。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 9】David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【错解分析】若分不清楚句子结构，以为是定语从句容易误选 C。 【解题指导】因为在 such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句， 句子不缺少成分。 【答案】A 【示例 10】They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 【错解分析】典型错误 B 错因分析： 以为缺主语而选 them。 【解题指导】 题干中是两个句子，缺少关联词，因此应用主从复合句，先行词是 plans，是非 限制性定语从句，用 which 引导。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 A . 【练习 10】They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 【错解分析】由于没有审清题干而误以为 是非限制性定语从句而选择了 A。 【解题指导】none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过 去分词，与上题相比这里缺少了 were。 【答案】B 【示例 11】If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【错解分析】典型错误 A 或 B.错因分析: 误以为这是非限制性定语从句。 【解题指导】注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表 前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 D. 【练习 11】Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, _________that was a memory she especially treasured. A. as B. which C. when D. where 【错解分析】本题容易误以为是定语从句而选择 D。 【解题指导】其实，本题是一个原因状语从句，as 相当于 because。 【答案】A 【示例 12】It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood. A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where 【错解分析】典型错误 B，C 或 D.错因分析: 几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调 句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。 【解题指导】第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填 that，为强调句的结构词，被强 调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。 此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 A. 【练习 12】---“Was it under the tree _________ you were away talking to a friend?” ---“Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while 【错解分析】此题很容易误选 A，认为这是强调句型。 【解题指导】做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike， 句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时， 自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选 A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。 【答案】D 【示例 13】Mr White was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired 【错解分析】典型错误 B.错因分析: 这是由于没有分清句子成分所致。 【解题指导】she had had repaired 为定语从句,修饰 the washing machine, 省略掉的 that 作第二 个 had 的宾语。定语从句中有一个固定搭配 have sth done, 其中 sth 就是先行词 the washing machine， 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 13】Who would you rather ______ the report instead of you？ A. have write B. have to write C. write D. have written 【错解分析】学生容易误以为 would rather do/have done 而误选 C 或 D。 【解题指导】此题考查的是结构：have sb do sth。可以把它变成陈述句来理解：I would rather have Tom write the report instead of myself．再就 Tom 提问就变成了 Who(m) would you rather have write the report instead of you？ 【答案】A 【示例 14】The construction of the laboratory ________ by te end of next month. A. must be completed B. must have been completed C. will be completing D. will have been completing 【错解分析】典型错误 B.错因分析:学生容易看到 by the end of next month.时间状语而误选 B。 【解题指导】其实，must have been completed 是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。而没有完成的 意思。CD 没有用被动语态，排除。A 表示必须完成。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 A. 【练习 14】-----Hurry up. Xiao Shenyang is coming. ------ Oh, I was afraid that we_____. A. already miss him B. had already missed him C. will miss him already D. have already missed him 【错解分析】受 Xiao Shenyang is coming 影响而误选 A 或 C，或没注意 I was afraid 而误选 D。 【解题指导】考查语境下的时态。从 I was afraid 用过去时我们可以看出 that 从句应该用过去 完成时。 【答案】B 【示例 15】 has recently been done to provide more buses for the people , a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem . A. That B. What C. In spite of what D. Though what 【错解分析】典型错误 D.错因分析:学生可能会以为 In spite of 后不能跟从句而首先排除了 C。 【解题指导】句意为 “尽管最近已经采取了许多措施给人们提供更多的公交车，但公交车辆的 缺乏仍是个严峻的问题。”what 引导的是名词性从句， 相当于名词或名词性短语，不可放在 though 后， 但可放在 in spite of 后。 【答案】本题的正确选项为 C. 【练习 15】Scientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption ______ human clones have already been born hasn’t been proved yet. A. that B. which C. whether D. when 【错解分析】本题若分不清楚 assumption 后跟同位语从句就很容易选错。 【解题指导】在一些抽象名词如 belief, thought, idea, news, word(消息)assumption 等后常常跟同 位语从句，因此，根据句意可以得知，应选 A。 【答案】A