江苏省如皋市2019届高三下学期语数英学科模拟二英语试题 Word版含解析 37页

www.ks5u.com ‎2018～2019学年度高三年级第二学期语数英学科模拟(二)‎ 英 语 试 题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)‎ 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1分，满分 5 分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ What kind of movie will the speakers watch?‎ A. An action movie. B. A comedy. C. A thriller.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.‎ What will the man do next?‎ A. Pour the milk in the sink. B. Buy some milk. C. Eat breakfast.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.‎ How many fish did the man catch at the beginning?‎ A. Two. B. Three. C. Six.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.‎ What is the woman trying to do?‎ A. Solve a crime.‎ - 37 -‎ B. Decorate her bedroom.‎ C. Study a language.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.‎ What aspect of the jeans are the speakers discussing?‎ A. The style B. The color. C. The quality.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. Why did the man decide to sit at the bar?‎ A. He couldn’t find a free table.‎ B. He wanted to wait for his friend.‎ C. He preferred to wait for a bigger table.‎ ‎7. What will the man order first?‎ A. Drinks. B. Small plates. C. Main courses.‎ ‎【答案】6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. How does the man sound at the beginning of the conversation?‎ A. Happy. B. Nervous. C. Disappointed.‎ ‎9. What is the main reason the man is hired?‎ A. He has relevant experience.‎ B. He did well in the interview.‎ C. He is very highly recommended.‎ ‎10. When will the man begin to be trained?‎ A. In a couple of weeks.‎ B. On the first of next month.‎ C. At the beginning of next week.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎11. What did the man do yesterday?‎ A. He read a book about oceans.‎ B. He watched the news.‎ C. He wrote a report about water pollution.‎ ‎12. What is the woman planning to do?‎ - 37 -‎ A. Eat less.‎ B. Get around town by bike.‎ C. Travel abroad more.‎ ‎13. What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Colleagues B. Classmates. C. Family members.‎ ‎【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎14. When will the staff meeting take place tomorrow?‎ A. An hour before the store opens.‎ B. An hour after the store closes.‎ C. Just before closing.‎ ‎15. What is wrong in the bag and jewelry department?‎ A. The staff is unhelpful.‎ B. The prices are wrong.‎ C. It is very untidy.‎ ‎16. What is the man’s next task?‎ A. Hire more people.‎ B. Prepare the sales reports.‎ C. Put up the proper prices.‎ ‎【答案】14. A 15. C 16. A - 37 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. What can be found in section six?‎ A. Frozen foods. B. Rice. C. Fruit.‎ ‎18. What can customers get with a purchase of a large box of rice?‎ A. A free strawberry jam. B. A toy. C. A pizza.‎ ‎19. How is Thrifty Foods doing its part to protect the environment?‎ A. It only sells the freshest foods.‎ B. It offers bags made of recycled material.‎ C. It gives cloth bags to customers for free.‎ ‎20. What can customers get by dropping off their juice boxes?‎ A. A membership card.‎ B. A special price.‎ C. Some money.‎ ‎【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)‎ 第一节单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.Whether something is alive or dead is a crucial ______ and it is one that children have no difficulty understanding by the age of five.‎ A. declaration B. distinction C. division D. distribution ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：某些东西是活的还是死的是一个重要的区别，这是一个孩子在5岁时就不难理解的问题。A. declaration宣告，声明；B. distinction差别，区别；C. division分割；D. distribution分配，分布。根据前面的“是活的还是死”可推知，这是指孩子对死和活的区别，故选B。‎ ‎22.It is said that the only survivor in the car crash was badly injured. However, somehow the doctors managed to help him ______.‎ A. pull through B. put through C. look through D. break through ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：据说车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤。然而，医生们还是设法帮他康复。A. pull through（大病后）康复；B. put through为……接通电话；C. look through逐一查看，浏览；D. break through突破。根据前面的“车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤”可推知，是在重伤后的康复，故选A。‎ ‎23.I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, ______ in a suspicious - 37 -‎ ‎ attitude towards everything and everyone.‎ A. resulted B. having resulted C. resulting D. to result ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语做结果状语。句意：我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次，导致我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度。“result in”为固定搭配，意为“导致”。前一句“我曾被我信任的人背叛过几次”，导致后面的结果“我对每件事和每一个人都抱着怀疑的态度”。前一句导致后面的结果，此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语，因此选C。‎ ‎24.The style of the campus is quite different from ______ of most Chinese universities where visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.‎ A. that B. one C. the one D. those ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查代词的辨析。句意：校园的风格与大多数中国大学（的风格）大不相同，在那里，参观者对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到惊奇。分析句子可知，本空特指前面的“风格”，但同类不同物，相当于the style。分析选项可知，A. that意为“那个”，指代前面的可数名词单数或不可数名词，具体指哪个取决于其后定语of短语，常与前面所指代的是同类但不同物，相当the +名词；B. one泛指，与前面所指代的名词属于同类但不是同一个，即同类中的一个，相当于a/an+可数名词的单数；C. the one特指前面的可数名词单数，意为“那个”；D. those指代前面的可数名词的复数，与前面指代的名词同类但不同物，相当于“the+名词复数”。根据语境可知，是特指大多数中国大学的风格，故选A。‎ ‎25.Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______.‎ A. in place B. in turn C. in force D. in depth ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：也许你们中的一些人对我在街上的生活是什么样子很好奇，因为我从未真正深入地谈论过它。A. in place就位，适当的；B. in turn反过来，轮流地；C. in force有效地；D. in depth深入地，全面地。根据语境“一些人对我在街上的生活很好奇”，是因为我没有“深入（in depth）”谈论过，故选D。‎ ‎26.The debate has only a few moments that might be inspiring to those who ______ this issue.‎ A. followed B. had followed C. have been following D. were following ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查语境及时态。句意：这场辩论只有几分钟的时间，可能会激励那些一直关注这一问题的人。分析句子可知，本空是指那些“一直关注这一问题的人”，根据语境可知，从过去关注一直到现在还在关注，要用现在完成进行时，因此选C。‎ ‎27.Although Mailer was not alone in welcoming the flowering of creativity, the authorities hated it, ______ did many passengers.‎ A. which B. as C. that D. so ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：尽管梅勒并不是唯一一个欢迎创造力蓬勃发展的人，但当局痛恨它，许多乘客也一样痛恨它。根据语境可知，本句不是定语从句，因此不能用which，当然也不选that。分析句子可知，空前后都是句子，本空应是一个连词。分析语境可知，是指“……也一样，像……一样”，常用于“as+助动词/情态动词”，而“so”作为“如此”讲，是副词。本句如果用so的话，要用 and so，即as=and so。如Your son is clever, as is Tom.= Your son is clever, and so is Tom你儿子很聪明，汤姆也一样。故本空选B。‎ ‎28.I decided to do a random act of kindness last year. And ______ that the person I would end up helping most would be myself.‎ A. I little knew B. little did I knew C. little did I know D. little I - 37 -‎ ‎ knew ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查语境及部分倒装。句意：去年我决定随意做一件好事。我几乎不知道，最终得到帮助最多的人会是我自己。分析句子可知，后面的句子中的little是半否定词，意为“少到几乎没有”，在英语中否定词或半否定词置于句首，句子要部分倒装，因此A、D和B是错误的，故选C。‎ ‎29.______ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.‎ A. Hearing B. To have heard C. Having heard D. Heard ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语作状语。句意：听到发生的事情之后，他们知道我会努力，他们只是想帮忙，因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知，本句的主语是they，与动词hear是主动关系，空格发生的事是在they knew之前，因此要用完成时，故选C。‎ ‎30.Sympathy for the rebels, the government claimed, is beginning to ______because of more and more harm they did to common people.‎ A. fade B. decline C. fail D. collapse ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：政府声称，由于叛军对平民的伤害越来越大，因此政府对他们的同情开始逐渐消失。根据后一句“由于他们对平民的伤害越来越大”可知，这种同情是逐渐消失。‎ A. fade变淡，逐渐消失；B. decline下降，衰落；C. fail失败，未能做到；D. collapse倒塌，倒下。故选A。‎ ‎31.A myth is an account of the deeds of a god or supernatural beings, usually expressed in terms of ______ thought.‎ - 37 -‎ A. primary B. capital C. initial D. primitive ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：神话是对神或超自然生物的行为的描述，通常是用原始的想法表达。A. primary主要的，最重要的；B. capital重要的；大写的；C. initial最初的，开始的；D. primitive原始的，远古的。根据常识可知，神话通常都用原始的想法表达，故选D。‎ ‎32.There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds ______ they are not objectively true, and that giants, witches, two-headed dragons etc do not exist.‎ A. that B. what C. which D. when ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查同位语从句的连接词。句意：也有人反对童话故事，理由是它们在客观上不真实，巨人、女巫、双头龙等不存在。分析句子可知，本句空格是同位语从句的连接词，其中“they are not objectively true, and that giants, witches, two-headed dragons etc. do not exist.”是对名词the grounds加以解释说明，二者是同位语的关系。分析句子可知，同位语从句中不缺少成分，只是缺少一个引导词，连接词that在名词从句中不作成分，只起引导词的作用；而what、which和when都要在从句中作成分，此处不能选。因此本题选A。‎ ‎33.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree ______ people view “volunteer” as an important social role.‎ A. by which B. to which C. in which D. from which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：另一项针对芝加哥医院302名志愿者的研究集中在人们把“志愿者”视为重要社会角色的程度上的个体差异上。分析句子可知，本句是一个定语从句，其中先行词是degree，to与degree搭配，如：to some degree 在某种程度上，所以关系词在定语从句中作to的宾语，因此要用to which。故B项正确。‎ ‎34.If he had been working hard, he ______ in the office now. However, he didn’t.‎ A. would be working B. were to be working C. was working D. should work ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他过去一直努力工作，现在就坐在办公室工作了。然而，他没有。根据“However, he didn’t.”可知，此句是混合虚拟语气。If从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。与现在相反的虚拟语气的主句可用would/could/ might +动词原形。根据语境及时间状语“now”可知，此处是指现在正在工作，因此要用进行时，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】一、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法 虚拟语气用于表示说话人所说的并不是事实，而是一种假设或愿望，往往与事实相反。‎ ‎1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were），主语+would(should/ could/might)+动词原形 ‎ ‎1) If I were you, I would study English.如果我是你，我就会学英语。‎ ‎2)I would certainly go if I had time.如果有时间的话，我一定会去的。‎ ‎2. 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句 If+主语+ had done，主语+would（should /could/ might）+ have done ‎ ‎1) If you had taken my advice, you would not have missed the test. 如果你接受了我的建议，你就不会错过考试。‎ ‎3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。‎ If+主语+should（were to）+动词原形/动词的过去式，主语+would（could /should /might）+动词原形。‎ If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨，会议就会推迟了。‎ 二、 错综时间虚拟条件句。即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：‎ - 37 -‎ If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。‎ ‎35.—I was informed that you won the lottery?‎ ‎—Are you kidding? Maybe I will win a lottery when______.‎ A. you cry for the moon B. pigs fly C. all good things come to an end D. you get a new lease on life ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我听说你中了彩票？——你在开玩笑吗？如果太阳打西边出来的话也许我会中奖（意为我中了彩票是不可能的事）。you cry for the moon异想天开，想入非非；when pigs fly“太阳打西边出来，要是相信…猪就会上树”，意即“不切实际，不可能发生的事”；all good things come to an end天下没有不散的筵席；you get a new lease on life获得新生。根据“Are you kidding?”可知，中奖的事是不可能发生的，故B项符合语境。‎ 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Feeling tired of waiting for a lift for so long because you don’t want to take stairs? Or even feeling so exhausted that you wished for a(n) ___36___ when you could just lie down on the bed all day and not worry about work or studies?‎ My name is Beena, and my story begins from here.‎ I was born in a poor family. While growing up, I saw my parents making many ___37___ for me and my brother. They wouldn’t buy anything for themselves so that they could ___38___ all our wishes. The small amount of money they earned is ___39___ in our childhood to make sure we don’t feel lesser than other kids around us.‎ I decided to ___40___ my studies and give my parents a better life, the life that they ___41___ for all they have done. I finished my ___42___ and got placed into a Leading firm in Audit industry.‎ - 37 -‎ In the process of fulfilling my dreams, I took my health for granted. I was ___43___ tired and that was the time I felt that I needed a rest from work and relax for some time.‎ I went to a doctor’s clinic when I heard these three words which changed my life forever – I was ___44___ with Guillian Barre Syndrome, a rare neurological autoimmune disorder.‎ My breathing was becoming increasingly ____45____ for me while I was in the ICU. I was in the hospital for two months on life support. During these two months I had ____46____ some near death experiences, including skin ____47____ and multiple infections.‎ I was sent home from the hospital immediately after being taken off the life support. My body was still fully ____48____ from neck down and I couldn’t even lift a finger at that time. I started my physical ____49____ from home. It took me one year to take my first few ____50____ with the help of a walker. I had two options at that time. The first was to give up and ____51____ that I will never be myself again and the other was to keep pushing. I chose to be my own ____52____.‎ I ____53____ everything that could help me go to work without having any caretakers around and finally after 2 years of hard work I was ready to go to work again.‎ I still have a long way to go, but I have decided I will never give up my ____54____. It’s that door you ____55____ that will decide whether you will fly or live your life in a cage.‎ ‎36. A. fantasy B. break C. conversation D. discussion ‎37. A. contributions B. preparations C. sacrifices D. accumulations ‎38. A. collect B. fulfill C. highlight D. blend ‎39. A. covered B. afforded C. invested D. made ‎40. A. settle on B. concentrate on C. refer to D. slow down ‎41. A. mean B. approve C. convince D. deserve ‎42. A. college B. profession C. day D. lesson - 37 -‎ ‎43. A. physically B. briefly C. mentally D. narrowly ‎44. A. treated B. informed C. accompanied D. diagnosed ‎45. A. faint B. dizzy C. tough D. doubtful ‎46. A. survived B. followed C. neglected D. identified ‎47. A. scratches B. allergies C. bruises D. scrapes ‎48. A. shortened B. influenced C. paralyzed D. linked ‎49. A. therapy B. extreme C. production D. reception ‎50. A. squares B. steps C. flights D. stairs ‎51. A. think B. miss C. accept D. pretend ‎52. A. miracle B. priority C. limitation D. comment ‎53. A. committed B. patented C. fixed D. practised ‎54. A. search B. fight C. prosperity D. intervention ‎55. A. design B. close C. choose D. observe ‎【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者出生于一个贫穷的家庭，为了让父母能有一个更好的生活而努力工作，忽略了身体的健康，透支了自己，以致病重瘫痪。作者通过两年的努力康复训练，终于准备好再去工作。作者在此过程中领悟到是自己决定自己是展翅高飞还是困在牢笼。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. fantasy幻想；B. break休息；C. conversation谈话；D. discussion讨论。根据上一句“feeling so exhausted”可知，此处是“你有没有感到如此筋疲力尽，想要随便找个什么地方休息（break）一下吗？”可知，B正确。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. contributions贡献；B. preparations准备；C. sacrifices牺牲；D. accumulations积累。根据下一句“They wouldn’t buy anything for themselves”可知，此处是指“我的父母为我和我的哥哥做出了很多牺牲（sacrifices）。”故C正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. collect收集；B. fulfill满足，实现；C. highlight强调，突出；D. blend混合。根据语境可知，此处是指“为了满足（fulfill）我们的一切愿望，他们从不为自己买任何东西”，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. covered覆盖，够支付；B. afforded负担的起；C. invested投资，(把资金)投入/花费；D. made制造。根据前一句“满足（fulfill）我们的一切愿望，他们从不为自己买任何东西”可知，此处是指“在我们的整个童年时期，他们把赚得的微薄的工资，全都花在/投资在（invested）我们身上了”，故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. settle on安顿下来；B. concentrate on集中于，专心于；C. refer to指的是，参考；D. slow down使减速。根据语境可知，此处是指“我决心专心（concentrate on）学习，让我的父母过上更好的生活”，故选B。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. mean意味着；B. approve同意，批准；C. convince使信服；D. deserve值得，理应。根据前一句“他们付出了那么多的辛劳，做出了那么多牺牲”可知，此处是指“他们理应（deserve）过上更好的生活”，故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. college大学；B. profession职业；C. day白天；D. lesson课，教训。根据语境可知，此处是指“大学（college）毕业后，我在一家审计行业的名牌公司找到了工作”，故选A。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. physically身体上；B. briefly简单地；C. mentally精神上；D. narrowly勉强地。根据后句“神经性自身免疫性疾病”，可知，此处是指“我透支了自己的精力（mentally）”，故选C。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 考查动词辨析。A. treated治疗；B. informed通知；C. accompanied陪伴；D. diagnosed诊断。根据前面的“I went to a doctor’s clinic”可知，我去看医生，“我被诊断（diagnosed）为患有吉兰-巴雷综合征”，故选D。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. faint微弱的；B. dizzy头晕目眩的；C. tough艰难的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据空后的“while I was in the ICU(我在重症监护室的时候)”可知,“我感到呼吸都日益困难（tough）了”，故选C。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. survived活下来，幸存；B. followed跟踪；C. neglected忽视；D. identified确认。根据语境可知，“在这两个月里，我数次从濒临死亡的境地里活下来（survived），捡回一条命”，故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. scratches抓伤；B. allergies过敏；C. bruises瘀伤；D. scrapes擦伤，擦痕。根据语境可知，“包括皮肤过敏（allergies）症，还有多种感染症”。作者在重症监护室，所以不可能被抓伤、擦伤或有瘀伤，最可能的是过敏，故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查语境及动词辨析。根据空后的“I couldn’t even lift a finger at that time”可知，那个时候，甚至连一个手指都动不了，故推知“我的身体已经陷入了彻底的瘫痪（paralyzed），脖子以下都不能活动”。分析选项（A. shortened缩短；B. influenced影响；C. paralyzed瘫痪；D. linked连接）可知，C项符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. therapy治疗；B. extreme极端；C. production生产；D. reception接待。根据上文可知，作者那时的身体已经陷入了彻底的瘫痪了，因此“我从家里开始做物理治疗（therapy）。”，故选A。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. squares广场；B. steps台阶，一步(的距离)；C. flights飞行，航班；D. stairs楼梯。根据前面说作者彻底瘫痪可推知，“过了整整一年，我才能扶着拐杖走几步（steps）路”，故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. think认为；B. miss错过；C. accept接受，承认；D. pretend - 37 -‎ 假装。根据语境可知，此处是指“要么选择放弃，承认（accept）我永远不可能恢复成原来的样子，要么坚持抗争下去”，故选C。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. miracle奇迹；B. priority优先级；C. limitation限制；D. comment评论。根据上文“承认我永远不可能恢复成原来的样子”可知，我选择成为自己的“奇迹（miracle）”，故选A。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. committed承诺；B. patented取得……的专利权；C. fixed固定；D. practised练习。根据上下文的语境可知，“我努力练习（practised）所有技能，希望能不依靠护工的帮助，就能独自去上班”。故选D。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. search搜索；B. fight战斗；C. prosperity繁荣；D. intervention干预。根据语境可知，“还有漫长的康复之路要走，但我决定永远不放弃这场战斗（fight）”。故选B。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. design设计；B. close关闭；C. choose选择；D. observe观察。此处是指“选择（choose）什么样的命运之门，决定了你将飞向蓝天，还是被囚禁在牢笼中度过一生”，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】做完形填空题，考生必须进行通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合所学词法、句法和常识进行分析判断。为帮助考生能更好地解答完形填空题，在这里介绍几种解题技巧。‎ ‎1. 同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词异形复现的形式。‎ 这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。‎ ‎2. 上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力。‎ 解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。如第4小题，根据前一句“满足（fulfill）我们的一切愿望，他们从不为自己买任何东西”可知，此处是指“在我们的整个童年时期，他们把赚得的微薄的工资，全都花在/投资在（invested）我们身上了”。分析选项（A. covered覆盖。够支付；B. afforded负担的起；C. invested投资，(把资金)投入/花费；D. made制造）可知，C符合题意。故选C。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ 3. 设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力。这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题，首先要正确理解所给信息，在进行合理分析和推断，这种语境信息一定要遵循逻辑。第13小题。根据空后的“I couldn't even lift a finger at that time”可知，那个时候，甚至边一个手指都动不了。可知“我的身体已经陷入了彻底的瘫痪（paralyzed），脖子以下都不能活动”。分析选项（A. shortened缩短；B. influenced影响；C. paralyzed瘫痪；D. linked连接）可知，C符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎ 4. 注意固定搭配。这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Fantasy as a genre is often unfairly wronged. While there are plenty of authors who seem to be paid by the word and are only concerned with expanding volume, there are many authors producing fantastic works that are worthy of the word literature. While there were many worthy competitors, here are what we consider to be the great work of the greatest fantasy series of all time.‎ ‎1. The Dark Tower by Stephen King The Dark Tower actually shares some similarities with The Wheel of Time. In both series the first four books are the strongest, and you also get the sense with both Robert Jordan and Stephen King that they didn’t quite know how to end their creation, which led to a very controversial ending in The Dark Tower’s case along with some questionable decisions by King like his self-insertion in the story.‎ King has created one of the most iconic fantasy characters of all time in the Gunslinger Roland and the world he creates, with all of its similarities to our reality, is a prosperous one. It’s too bad that Stephen King doesn’t dabble(涉猎) more in fantasy, because he clearly has a talent for world building. Not to mention everything he writes seems to be phone book sized, which would fit right in with the fantasy genre.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎2. Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling When considering a ranking of the greatest fantasy series of all time, the question of Harry Potter is a tricky one. There’s inevitably opposition when something is as popular as Rowling’s work, and add to that the fact that the series is seemingly meant for children and you have a case that naturally inspires a lot of debate. I’m not sure I believe Rowling did anything particularly new with Harry Potter, but a work doesn’t necessarily have to be innovative for it to be great. Nearly every fantasy series owes a debt to Tolkien for instance, but that doesn’t mean Tolkien has written the only work of fantasy that matters. Rowling didn’t really come up with anything new, but the connection she made with tens of millions of readers is praiseworthy. People will be reading Harry Potter for decades to come, and I’m not sure a better introduction to fantasy could be found.‎ ‎56. What do we know about the two books?‎ A. King’s work The Wheel of Time has a controversial ending.‎ B. People have debate on J.K. Rowling’s book because of her innovation.‎ C. King is blessed with a gift for world building.‎ D. Tolkien has a great influence on J.K. Rowling.‎ ‎57. The passage is most probably taken from ________.‎ A. a news report B. a book review C. a history book D. a research paper ‎【答案】56. D 57. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用文。本文主要对史蒂芬•金的《黑塔》和J.K.罗琳的《哈利波特》两部奇幻小说进行了一些评论，称它们是有史以来最伟大的幻想系列的作品。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二本书I’m not sure I believe Rowling did anything particularly new with Harry Potter, but a work doesn’t necessarily have to be innovative for it to be great. Nearly every fantasy series owes a debt to Tolkien for instance可知，J.K.罗琳并没有创造出新的东西来，她几乎每个系列都借鉴了托尔金的作品，所以托尔金对J.K.罗琳有很大的影响。故选D。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本文主要是对史蒂芬·金的《黑塔》和J.K.罗琳的《哈利波特》两部奇幻小说做了一些评论，因此本段应选自书评。分析选项：A. a news report新闻报道；B. a book review书评；C. a history book历史书；D. a research paper研究论文。故选B。‎ B My college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly. Of course, most college students shouldn’t be drinking at all, but we know from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that close to 60 percent of college students aged 18 to 22 do consume alcohol, which makes harm-reducing approaches important.‎ Unfortunately, campus authorities and researchers are reporting a practice that turns the full-stomach drinking strategy on its head: rather than filling up before a night of partying, significant numbers of students refuse to eat all day before consuming alcohol.‎ This is a high-risk behavior called “drunkorexia,” which is one part eating disorder, one part alcoholism—a very dangerous combination for college-age students. The term drunkorexia, which can also include excessive exercise or purging before consuming alcohol, was coined about 10 years ago, and it started showing up in medical research around 2012. Drunkorexia addresses the need to be the life of the party while staying extremely thin, pointing to a flawed mind-set about body image and alcoholism among college students, mostly women.‎ Imagine this scenario: A female college freshman doesn’t eat anything all day, exercises on an empty stomach, then downs five shots of tequila in less than two hours. Because there’s no food in her system to help slow the absorption of alcohol, those shots affect her rapidly, leading to inebriation and possibly passing out, vomiting or suffering alcohol poisoning. That’s drunkorexia.‎ Tavis Glassman, professor of health education and public health at the University of Toledo in Ohio, researches drunkorexia and worries about scenarios such as the one described above: “With nothing in her system, alcohol hits quickly, and that - 37 -‎ ‎ brings up the same issues as with any high-risk drinking: getting home safely, sexual assault, unintentional injury, fights, hangovers that affect class attendance and grades, and possibly ending up in emergency because the alcohol hits so hard,” he says.‎ ‎“Alcohol can negatively affect the liver or gastrointestinal system, it can interfere with sleep, lower the immune system and is linked to several types of cancers,” Hultin says.‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “inebriated” in paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. excited B. overwhelmed C. addicted D. drunk ‎59. We can infer from the passage that ____________.‎ A. a large number of college students spend most of their nights partying B. some college students refuse to eat before drinking alcohol to keep slim C. There is a direct link between body image and consuming alcohol D. female college student is more likely to be hurt if she drinks alcohol ‎60. Which of the following may Tavis Glassman agree with?‎ A. With more food in one’s system, he may suffer from the effects of alcohol slowly.‎ B. Drinking five shots of tequila in less than two hours is the performance of drunkorexia.‎ C. Those who don’t attend classes and have lower grades tend to be addicted to alcohol.‎ D. Alcohol has negative effects on the immune system and may lead to several cancers.‎ ‎【答案】58. D 59. B 60. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。本文叙述了作者对大学生空腹豪饮趋势的担忧。根据研究的数据表明，大学生有一种错误的做法：在派对狂欢饮酒前拒绝进食，空腹豪饮既解决了生活中参加派对的需要，也保持了身材苗条的需要（尤其是女性）。其实“空腹豪饮”会让酒精快速进入人体，对肝脏或胃肠道系统产生负面影响。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 猜测词义题。根据“My college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly.” 划线词前“‎ - 37 -‎ 我的大学经历包括这门生活技能课即“饱着肚子喝酒。”以及根据“or”可知，否则的话，就会很快“喝醉的”。下方多处叙述“空腹豪饮易醉酒的”，可知划线词的意义为“喝醉的”。分析选项：A. excited激动的；B. overwhelmed不知所措的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. drunk醉酒的。故选D。‎ ‎59题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段“不幸的是，校园当局和研究员指出了一种颠覆“饱腹”饮酒策略的趋势：大量学生在派对狂欢饮酒前拒绝进食而不是在狂欢之前填饱肚子。”以及第三段最后部分“空腹豪饮既解决了生活中参加派对的需要，也保持了身材苗条的需要，指出的是大学生（女性居多）对于身体形象和酗酒风气的错误心态”。由此可得出，一些大学生为了保持苗条，在喝酒前不吃东西。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Tavis Glassman researches drunk orexia worries about scenarios such as the one described above: “With nothing in her system, alcohol hits quickly,”可知，Tavis Glassman认为“她的身体系统中没有任何东西，酒精会进入身体很快发作，”由此可推断出，“由于一个人的身体里有更多的食物，他受到酒精的影响可能会慢”，分析选项可知A正确。‎ ‎【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。猜测词义题。第1小题属于猜测词义题。根据“My college experience included this life-skill lesson: Drink alcohol on a full stomach. Or you will get inebriated too quickly.” 划线词前“我的大学经历包括这门生活技能课即“饱着肚子喝酒。”以及根据“or”可知，否则的话，就会很快“喝醉的”。下方多处叙述“空腹豪饮易醉酒的”。可知划线词的意义为“喝醉的”。分析选项：A. excited激动的；B. overwhelmed不知所措的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. drunk醉酒的。故选D。‎ C Our society is generally becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, Nell-ventilated factories and piped music, and - 37 -‎ ‎ by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.‎ The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.‎ Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of obedience and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again – by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.‎ Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system form a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption ends in a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities – those of all love and of reason – are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.‎ ‎61. By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery” the author intends to deliver the idea that man is ______.‎ A. a necessary part though the function of each is insignificant - 37 -‎ B. working in complete harmony with the rest of society C. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of society D. a irreplaceable component of society when working smoothly ‎62. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ________.‎ A. they are more likely to lose their present work B. they have no real satisfaction or interest in life C. they are confronted with the fundamental realities D. they are deprived of individuality and independence ‎63. From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those _______‎ A. who always live at the bottom of the society B. who tend to be higher up in their social status C. who prove better than their fellow competitors D. who could dip far away from this competitive world ‎64. The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of _______.‎ A. approval B. dissatisfaction C. suspicion D. sensibility ‎【答案】61. C 62. D 63. D 64. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。人们工作生活条件在逐渐变好，但人在社会中却变得无足轻重。雇员忧虑的不仅是失业，还因为他们无法获得生活的真正乐趣，生活在各种各样的忧虑与压力之中，才无幸福可言。因此作者建议将社会体系由官僚管理的工业制度过渡到人道主义的工业制度。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 推断判断题。文章第一段指出，人成了社会大机器中微小的、润滑良好的齿轮，高工资和通风良好的厂房便是润滑油，但事实上人是无能为力的，蓝领工人和白领阶层都是毫无自主权的经济傀儡。由此推断，虽然工作生活条件不错，但人在社会中却是无足轻重的，故选C。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 推断判断题。文章第二段“The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they - 37 -‎ ‎ might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.”点明了工人和雇员忧虑的原因，分析上下文可知，其真正原因是情感与理智上独立的个体、富有创造性的人的生存状态被忽视，分析选项可知，A和B只是部分原因，不全面；C项与文章内容相悖。故选D选项。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 推断判断题。由文章可知，社会底层者、社会上层者和竞争中的胜利者都无法脱离充满竞争的生存环境，因而都生活在各种各样的忧虑与压力之中，所以都无幸福可言，只有远离这个充满竞争的社会的人才可能获得幸福，故选D。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章最后一段提到，作者建议将社会体系由官僚管理的工业制度过渡到人道主义的工业制度，由此可知，作者对现有工业制度的态度是不满的。分析选项 A. approval赞同；B. dissatisfaction不满意；C. suspicion怀疑；D. sensibility敏感性。故选B。‎ D Every person plans to run off to some tropical isle, but few do. Real life, family, work, and monetary limitations get in the way. Ian Fleming let none of these considerations stop him.‎ After the war, Fleming set down his schedule. The first week of January saw him leave England and travel to Jamaica. The first week of March saw his return. He accepted his job at Kemsley newspapers without compromise — this portion of the year would be set aside for Jamaica or he would look elsewhere for employment.‎ For 6 years Fleming traveled each winter to Jamaica, lounging in paradise, romancing women, chasing the sunset, but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey which would change his life and popular culture forever. As Fleming waited in Jamaica for Anne’s divorce to become final, he wrote the first draft of a novel, Casino Royale.‎ Fleming’s career as a writer deserves more examination than can be offered here, but suffice it to say, over the next 12 years, Ian Fleming transformed his elite - 37 -‎ ‎ existence, his arrogance, his style, and his acid wit into some of the greatest thrillers ever written. Fleming incurred the respect of authors as diverse as Raymond Chandler, Kingsley Amis, and Edith Sitwell. His fans included John, Jackie, and Bobby Kennedy, and his social circle included Prime Minister Anthony Eden, Evelyn Waugh, and Somerset Maugham.‎ Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism. Even in stories which had little action or pay off, such as his short non-fiction book, The Diamond Smugglers, the “Fleming-flair” ensured exciting reading. He wrote the “Atticus” column for the Sunday Times, proving a wonderful conduit for inside intelligence information, and clever rebukes(指责).‎ Regardless of book sales or family obligations, Fleming managed to live the life he wanted. As the years passed, his passion for golfing increased so he took more time with it. Fleming’s long-term fascination with America grew, so he traveled there more often.‎ Ian Fleming’s full life caught up with him through his heart. It may be that years of drinking and smoking took their toll, or that the butter-rich cooking Fleming loved was the culprit. Or maybe it was just genetics. Whatever the cause, Fleming’s health declined in the late 1950s. This plus anxieties in the marriage increased Fleming’s depression. With the success of Bond, the world came knocking at Fleming’s door, and he had a harder time shutting those out that he did not want in his life.‎ Nonetheless, Fleming fought the loosing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fire. He continued to drink and smoke, making some excuses but not many. He wrote books he wanted to read, and traveled the world with style and authority. By this time, Fleming had already earned his own fortune, created his own identity, and ruled his own literary empire.‎ ‎65. According to the second paragraph, Fleming accepted the job offered by Kemsley newspaper __________.‎ A. and had to give up his yearly holiday plan to Jamaica B. because he was offered to work in Jamaica every winter C. so that he wouldn’t have to look for employment elsewhere - 37 -‎ D. on condition that he took two months off to Jamaica every year ‎66. What led Fleming follow the path of writing?‎ A. His dream to be a writer.‎ B. The pressure from a woman.‎ C. His potential for literature.‎ D. His state of health.‎ ‎67. When he began writing, Fleming never expected that __________.‎ A. he would change popular culture B. he could get over the pressure C. Anne would have a divorce D. Anne would keep his child ‎68. Fleming’s thrillers reflected his __________.‎ A. sense for popular culture B. relationship with Anne C. own personalities D. life at Jamaica ‎69. The fact that “Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism” shows that __________.‎ A. Fleming took up journalism when he finished Bond’s adventures B. Fleming put Bond through many thrilling adventures C. Fleming described Bond as an adventurous journalist D. Fleming experienced Bond’s adventures when he was a journalist ‎70. According to the passage, Fleming died of __________.‎ A. an unidentified reason B. a disease of the heart C. an unknown family disease D. over drinking and smoking ‎【答案】65. D 66. B 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为人物传记文。主要讲述了Fleming即007的作者是如何走向写作之路的、他的写作特点及他的影响等。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段“After the war, Fleming set down his schedule. The first week - 37 -‎ ‎ of January saw him leave England and travel to Jamaica. The first week of March saw his return. He accepted his job at Kemsley newspapers without compromise — this portion of the year would be set aside for Jamaica or he would look elsewhere for employment.”及第三段第一句“For 6 years Fleming traveled each winter to Jamaica, lounging in paradise, romancing women, chasing the sunset”。可知，他没有妥协地接受了在肯斯利报业的工作……一年中的两个月将到牙买加（度假），否则他会去其他地方找工作。分析选项可知，A项中的“give up”与原文中（without compromise）相反，故错误。B项中说去牙买加工作，与原文（度假）不符；C项原文中没有提到。D项中的“on condition that”是对破折号后的条件的近义改写，故选D。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段“but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey”可知，Fleming走向写作之路来自一位怀孕的妇女的压力，故选B。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本题考查的是Fleming开始写作后发生的事，且这件事还必须是他开始写作前没考虑到的，根据第三段第一句“but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer’s journey which would change his life and popular culture forever.”中的末尾的定语从句中的时态would表明定语从句中的内容是发生在Fleming开始写作之后，而且他自己从未想过自己的作家之旅会改变他的一生和流行文化。分析选项可知A符合题意，B是开始写作的原因，C和D发生在写作之前，故正确答案为A。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Fleming’s career as a writer deserves more examination than can be offered here, but suffice it to say, over the next 12 years, Ian Fleming transformed his elite existence, his arrogance, his style, and his acid wit into some of the greatest thrillers ever written.”可知，弗莱明的写作生涯值得更多的审视，但在接下来的12年里，伊恩·弗莱明把他的精英生活、他的傲慢、他的风格和他尖刻的机智转变成了一些有史以来最伟大的惊悚小说。根据句中的“elite existence, arrogance, style, and acid”等词都是与个性特点有关，表明了Fleming在他的小说中融进了自己独特的个性特点，故C项正确。‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism. Even in stories which had little action or pay off, such as his short non-fiction book, The Diamond Smugglers, the “Fleming-flair” ensured exciting reading.”可知，Fleming用adventure journalism（新闻式的历险故事）“充满”了关于Bond的故事。Bond是他所写的故事的主角，即Fleming在小说中让这个主角经历了各种各样的“历险”，由此可知，B项符合题意。原文中“journalism”并非与新闻界有关，只是用于描述Fleming的故事的特点，因此其他三项是对journalism的误解。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第七段首句“Fleming’s full life caught up with him through his hear”和最后一段首句“Nonetheless, Fleming fought the losing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fire”都提到了heart一词，而最后一段首句中的“losing battle of his weakening heart”明确了Fleming无法战胜他的心脏病，并最终输掉了与心脏病的“战斗”。由此可知，Fleming是死于心脏病的，故B项符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。其中根据事实细节，推断合理信息是最常考的题型。如第6小题属于推理判断题。第七段首句“Fleming's full life caught up with him through his hear”和最后一段首句“Nonetheless, Fleming fought the loosing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fir”都提到了heart一词，而最后一段首句中的losing battle of his weakening heart 明确了Fleming无法战胜他的心脏病，并最终输掉了与心脏病的“战斗”。由此可知，Fleming是死于心脏病的，故B项符合题意，故选B。‎ 推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ - 37 -‎ 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。‎ Do you know the look of wonder and joy that children get on their face when they listen to someone reading them a story? Schools across the nation are bringing in volunteers to guide children in this very way. If you simply enjoy spending time with children, being a reading volunteer can be a great way to help support the upcoming generation of readers.‎ Reading volunteers work with elementary school age children to promote reading. They may read books to children, listen to children read aloud, or distribute books to school children. Reading volunteers promote the activity of reading, rather than focusing on teaching reading skills. They may read to a whole class of children, to a small group, or be assigned a child to read to one-on-one. During the time they spend with new readers, reading volunteers encourage them to learn to read.‎ Almost anyone who knows how to read can be a reading volunteer. High school students, college students, parents, grandparents, and police officers are just an example of the kinds of people who become reading volunteers. Being able to read and wanting to spend time inspiring children to read are the only skills needed to be a successful reading volunteer.‎ Several educational research studies show that children who are involved in programs with adult reading volunteers improve their school performance levels. For example, in 1998, researcher Sara Rimm-Kaufmann found that first graders involved in a program with an adult reading volunteer three times a week had better letter recognition and reading skills than similar first graders who hadn’t been involved in such groups. In 2000, the Eugene Research Institute found that fifth graders who had been in “SMART”, an adult volunteer literacy program, were 60% more likely to have grade-level scores in standardized reading tests. Moreover, a 2006 study by Brian Volkmann showed that children who were read to by adult volunteers had improved school attendance, which is a major predictor of high school graduation rates.‎ In addition, reading volunteers themselves can gain a lot of benefits that range from expanding their personal networks to adding valuable skills to their resumes. They also enjoy the special time they get to spend with young children. Many volunteers - 37 -‎ ‎ have heart-warming stories to share with the children they read to. The volunteers know that they are inspiring young children with a proved educational strategy. So, if you have time, energy, and skill to support children’s literacy, it is a good idea to sign up to be a reading volunteer.‎ Topic:Reading Volunteers General information ‎★Reading stories to children can bring them much pleasure.‎ ‎★Employing reading volunteers for kids is a ____71____ practice in schools nationwide.‎ ‎★Being a reading volunteer is a good way to support children.‎ The work of a reading volunteer ‎★Read to children, listen to them read or give out books to them.‎ ‎★Pay attention to the reading itself instead of teaching reading ____72____ to children.‎ ‎★Offer ____73____ to them while new readers learn to read.‎ ‎____74____ for being a reading volunteer ‎★Have the basic reading ability.‎ ‎★Have the desire to inspire children to read.‎ ‎____75____ of reading volunteer programs ‎★Improve the school children’s skills at ____76____ letters and reading.‎ ‎★Enable children to____77____ standardized tests more easily.‎ ‎★Inspire children to avoid ____78____ classes.‎ ‎★Develop and improve volunteers’ ____79____ with others ‎★Admit volunteers to obtain valuable skills to increase chance of landing a _____80_____.‎ ‎★Give volunteers opportunities to enjoy the happy time with children.‎ - 37 -‎ ‎【答案】71. common /standard ‎ ‎72. skills 73. encouragement/inspiration ‎ ‎74. Requirements/Qualifications/Conditions ‎ ‎75. Benefits/Advantages/Effects ‎ ‎76. recognizing ‎ ‎77. pass 78. skipping ‎ ‎79. relationship(s) ‎ ‎80. job ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。本文主要说明了阅读志愿者的工作内容，成为阅读志愿者的要求，成为阅读志愿者的好处以及阅读志愿者项目对孩子的积极影响等内容。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据第一段中的“Schools across the nation are bringing in volunteers to guide children in this very way”可知，“全国各地的学校都在招募志愿者，以这种方式指导孩子”可推断，雇用阅读志愿者在全国范围内是一个普遍的/常规的做法，common practice意为“普遍做法”。故填common/standard。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查信息提取题。第二段“Reading volunteers promote the activity of reading, rather than focusing on teaching reading skills.”可知，“阅读志愿者促进阅读的活动，而不是专注于教阅读技巧。”可知，“阅读志愿者关注的只是阅读的活动而不是教阅读技巧”。故填skills。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据第二段中的“During the time they spend with new readers, reading volunteers encourage them to learn to read”可知，“在与阅读新手相处的时间里，阅读志愿者鼓励他们学习阅读”。由此可知填encouragement/inspiration。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 考查信息归纳题。根据第三段的内容和表格右栏的内容可知，此处主要讲述的是成为阅读志愿者的条件/资格。故本空填Requirements/Qualifications/Conditions。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ - 37 -‎ 考查信息概括题。根据最后两段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知，此处主要讲的是阅读志愿者项目的好处或影响。故填Benefits/Advantages/Effects。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据第四段中的“first graders involved in a program with an adult reading volunteer three times a week had better letter recognition and reading skills than similar first graders who hadn’t been involved in such groups.”可知，阅读志愿者项目可提高孩子们的识别（recognize）字母的能力。题干中的at为介词，因此本空填动词的ing形式，故填recognizing ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据第四段中的“fifth graders who had been in “SMART”, an adult volunteer literacy program, were 60% more likely to have grade-level scores in standardized reading tests.”可知，阅读志愿者项目可帮助孩子们更容易地通过（pass）考试。故填pass。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据第四段末句“showed that children who were read to by adult volunteers had improved school attendance, which is a major predictor of high school graduation rates.”可知，阅读志愿者项目有助于提高孩子们的上课出勤率，即鼓励孩子们不逃课。skip（不做应做的事），不参加。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。因此此处应填skipping。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据最后一段中的“reading volunteers themselves can gain a lot of benefits that range from expanding their personal networks ”可知，阅读志愿者们自身也可从阅读志愿者项目中得到好处，包括拓宽他们的人际网，即改善他们的人际关系（relationship）。故填relationship(s)。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查信息转换题。根据最后一段中的“reading volunteers themselves can gain a lot of benefits that range from expanding their personal networks to adding valuable skills to their resumes”可知，阅读志愿者们从阅读志愿者项目中得到好处也包括充实自己的简历，即增加自身获得工作（job）的可能性。故填job。‎ - 37 -‎ 第五部分 书面表达 (满分25分)‎ ‎81.请根据你对下图的理解，以 “The Adaptation of the Classical Literature”为题，用英语写一篇作文。‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1、简要描述该图的内容；‎ ‎2、概述你对该图所反映的现象的理解和看法(背后的原因以及该现象对人们带来的潜在的影响)；‎ ‎3、举例说明针对这一现象我们能做些什么。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1、可参照图画适当发挥；‎ ‎2、作文字数:150字；‎ ‎3、作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。‎ 参考词汇:剧作家 playwright; 电影编剧scriptwriter ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】The picture gives us a view of a popular phenomenon: some playwrights and scriptwriters beat their brains to adapt the classics to cater to the tastes of some readers and viewers. As a result, the traditional characters become so strange and the plots are totally different.‎ What the picture reflects is thought-provoking. It is so ridiculous that the - 37 -‎ ‎ precious literary treasures are allowed to be ruined so much. As we all know, classical literature is the representation of the outstanding art of our nation and on no account should we spoil our literary treasures for economic benefit. Moreover, such adaptations may have negative effects on the average audience, especially children, whose outlook on life will be affected.‎ Therefore, measures should be taken to restrict these sorts of adaptation. For instance, the real classics are supposed to be presented on the bookshelves for appreciation. In addition, readers had better resist those inferior adaptation. To sum up, it’s joint efforts that count when it comes to the rescue of our traditional cultural treasure.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文属于说明文。根据你对图片的理解，以 “The Adaptation of the Classical Literature”为题，用英语写一篇作文。内容主要包括简要描述该图的内容；概述你对该图所反映的现象的理解和看法(背后的原因以及该现象对人们带来的潜在的影响)；以及举例说明针对这一现象我们能做些什么。‎ ‎【详解】本文属于看图作文。看图作文就是要求根据图画内容展开合理的想像，写出文章的一种写作方式。写作要领：1、根据提示，准确审题。要注意文体，人物和时态。2、认真读图，把握情境，进行图文转换。这是关键。要根据图画中的人物及背景，确定人物之间，人物与背景之间的关系。从整体上把握所呈现的主要内容，围绕特定的主题展开合理的想像。然后将图画所传达的信息以文字的形式呈现出来，并对转换后的内容重新组合，确定主要内容。 3、发表感想。围绕主题展开合理的想象，发表自己的联想或感想。4、确定段落，拟好提纲，紧扣图画的内容，斟酌词句，组句成文。‎ 本文第一部分要简要描述该图的内容，即些剧作家和编剧绞尽脑汁改编经典以迎合一些读者和观众的口味。第二部分概述你对该图所反映的现象的理解和看法(背后的原因以及该现象对人们带来的潜在的影响)，这是全文的重点。比如迎合普通大众，但负面影响大等。最后一部分是举例说明针对这一现象我们能做些什么。如抵制那些低劣的改编等。‎ ‎【点睛】本文审题准确，想象合理，符合逻辑。描述生动恰当，内容完整，语言规范。运用时态准确，上下文意思连贯。文中运用了大量的高级词汇，如gives us a view of a popular phenomenon; beat their brains to do; as a result, cater to the tastes of; on no account;‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ have negative effects on ; take measures to do; to sum up; when it comes to; be supposed todo等，以及连接词如Moreover, Therefore, In addition ,等，使文章通顺流畅。句式颇为丰富，如主语从句What the picture reflects is thought-provoking；由sothat引导的状语从句 It is so ridiculous that the precious literary treasures are allowed to be ruined so much. 由as引导的定语从句：As we all know，classical literature is the representation of the outstanding art of our nation and on no account should we spoil our literary treasures for economic benefit；由否定短语on no account置于句首的倒装on no account should we spoil our literary treasures for economic benefit ；由whose引导的定语从句 especially children, whose outlook on life will be affected；以及强调句型It’s joint efforts that count when it comes to the rescue of our traditional cultural treasure等，可以看出作者对英语的驾驶水平极高，是一篇佳作。‎ ‎ ‎ - 37 -‎ ‎ ‎ - 37 -‎