2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes课后达标检测 人教版必修1 9页

Unit 4 Earthquakes ‎(建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·惠州高三调研)Being “young” is associated with all the good things in life—beauty, hope, and energy. But youth also has negative associations—impulsiveness, troublemaking, and irresponsibility. This negative side seems to be what society focuses on more, which is why young people have mostly been considered as idle and difficult.‎ But when it comes to Generation Z—those born between 1995 and 2010—this__stereotype doesn’t seem to apply anymore.‎ In Japan, for example, Gen Zers are less likely to buy on impulse, but take into consideration more a product’s true value.“They’re looking at the companies, not just the products，” Masahiko Uotani, CEO of Japanese cosmetics company Shiseido, told Bloomberg.“They’re asking，‘Are they really delivering value to the society? Are they promoting diversity and inclusiveness？’”‎ Gen Zers are also more grounded than we’ve expected them to be. According to a recent survey by Bank of America, more than half of young adults aged between 18 and 23 said they were planning to buy a house within five years. And they’re not just saying it—they are willing to make sacrifices for it, including getting a second job and saving money for a down payment instead of spending it on a vacation.‎ ‎“Despite their young age, this group is pragmatic and actively planning for their future，” D. Steve Boland, head of Consumer Lending at Bank of America, told USA Today.“They have a clear vision of how they are willing to help themselves in order to make it happen.”‎ Social issues are also at the center of concern of Gen Zers, who take themselves as a changing force of the world. In India, for example, young people who have just reached the voting age are eager to vote for a new leader who is capable of solving problems that matter the most to them, including pollution, unemployment and women’s safety.‎ As a Gen Zer yourself, what is your plan for the future?‎ ‎【解题导语】　Z一代是指在1995年和2010年之间出生的人，‎ 9‎ 这一代人在消费方面比较理智。他们比我们想象中更理性、务实，他们对未来有清晰的设想，这颠覆了人们对年轻人的传统看法。‎ ‎1．What do the underlined words “this stereotype” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Being young is good.‎ B．Gen Zers are born after 1995.‎ C．The traditional poor impressions on the youth.‎ D．The associations with young people.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，社会更关注与年轻人相关的负面情况，通常，年轻人被认为是懒散的和难相处的。结合画线部分所在句可知，此处表述这种刻板印象不再适用于Z一代。故画线部分指的是上文提到的人们对年轻人的传统的、糟糕的印象，故选C。‎ ‎2．We can infer from the third paragraph that ________．‎ A．Gen Zers in Japan are picky B．Gen Zers are selfcentered C．Gen Zers care little about products D．Gen Zers are wise when shopping D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Gen Zers are less likely to buy on impulse...‘They’re looking at the companies, not just the products’”可知，Z一代不太可能冲动购物，他们会更多地考虑产品的真正价值，由此可推知，Z一代在购物时是明智的，故正确答案为D。A项意为“日本的Z一代很挑剔”，第三段是讲述日本的Z一代在消费中很理性，并无信息表明他们挑剔。‎ ‎3．What’s D．Steve Boland’s attitude to the Gen Zers?‎ A．Approving.　　　　　　 B．Negative.‎ C．Indifferent. D．Critical.‎ A　解析：观点态度题。根据题干中的关键词D.Steve Boland定位到文章第五段，根据该段内容可知，D.Steve Boland认为尽管Z一代很年轻，但这代人务实且积极地规划他们的未来，他们有清晰的设想并愿意努力去实现它；由此可推知，D.Steve Boland对于Z一代是持赞同的态度的，故正确答案为A。‎ ‎4．Which of the following words may best describe the Gen Zers?‎ A．Confident and independent.‎ B．Visionary and responsible.‎ C．Persistent and downtoearth.‎ D．Active and creative.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段可知，Z 9‎ 一代会积极规划他们的未来并努力实现自己的设想，由此可知，他们是有远见的；又根据倒数第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Social issues are also...of the world.”可知，社会问题也是Z一代关注的中心，并且他们认为自己是改变世界的力量，由此可推知Z一代是有责任感的。故正确答案为B。C项意为“执着且务实的”，文中体现了Z一代是务实的，但没有相关信息表明他们是执着的。‎ ‎【难句分析】　According to a recent survey by Bank of America, more than half of young adults aged between 18 and 23 said they were planning to buy a house within five years.‎ 分析：According to a recent survey by Bank of America是介词短语作状语；主句主语是more than half of young adults，谓语是said; they were planning to buy a house within five years是省略了that的宾语从句，作said的宾语。‎ 译文：根据最近美国银行所做的一项调查，一半以上的18岁到23岁的年轻人说他们正计划在五年之内买房子。‎ B ‎(2020·济南高三质检)Children in rural areas of Cambodia often suffer from or even die of preventable illnesses because there is not any soap available.‎ In 2014, Samir Lakhani, an American college student, saw the issue while volunteering in a Cambodian village.“I remember quite vividly a mother bathing her newborn baby with laundry powder, which is so harmful to the skin，” said Lakhani.“It’s difficult for rural Cambodians to access soap. First is affordability. If you earn only $1.50 every day, you won’t spend $1 on a bar of soap. Then comes access. The demand is so low that local shops don’t stock soap. The last reason, because many Cambodians don’t really understand where diseases come from, they don’t know how to prevent them, including using soap.”‎ After figuring out a solution to the problem: the barely used soap in hotels, Lakhani started asking hotels to donate leftover soap.“They were all eager to help，” he explained.‎ Lakhani registered EcoSoap Bank shortly afterwards. Soon, he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap.‎ Today, the organization has four recycling centers across the country, providing jobs to 35 local women. And so far, some 174，000 bars of soap have been donated, about 24，000 pounds of soap has been recycled, and hygiene(卫生) has been improved for about 661，000 people.“We are killing__three__birds with one stone，” Lakhani said.‎ 9‎ When it comes to the future of EcoSoap Bank, Lakhani said，“We’ve just scratched the surface. Lack of hygiene is not something unique to Cambodia. The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done. We’re looking at seven countries to expand to in the near future.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　柬埔寨农村地区的孩子经常遭受甚至死于可预防的疾病，因为没有任何可用的肥皂；美国人Samir Lakhani注意到了这个问题，于是他开始请求旅馆捐赠肥皂并成立了EcoSoap Bank来解决该地区的肥皂问题。‎ ‎5．Which of the following is not mentioned as the reason why rural Cambodians don’t use soap?‎ A．Poverty. B．Inaccessibility.‎ C．Unawareness. D．Tradition.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“affordability”“access”以及“many Cambodians don’t really understand where diseases come from, they don’t know how to prevent them”可知，贫困、缺少接触途径以及缺乏意识是柬埔寨人很少用肥皂的原因。故选D。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined part “killing three birds” in paragraph 5 refer to?‎ A．Saving soap, curing diseases and providing education.‎ B．Stopping pollution, providing jobs and inspiring donation.‎ C．Reducing waste, providing employment and improving health.‎ D．Recycling waste, helping charity and improving community hygiene.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“four recycling centers”和“providing jobs”以及“hygiene(卫生) has been improved”可知，“killing three birds”在文章中指的是减少废物、提供就业机会以及改进健康状况。故选C。‎ ‎7．What can we infer about EcoSoap Bank?‎ A．It won’t be long before it expands to the whole world.‎ B．There’s little it can do without other countries’ assistance.‎ C．It will make greater contributions to the developing world.‎ D．It will soon settle the problem of poor hygiene in Cambodia.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“We’re looking at seven countries to expand to in the near future.”可知，EcoSoap Bank将会把自己的服务扩展到其他七个发展中国家。由此可推知，EcoSoap Bank将对发展中国家作出更大贡献。故选C。根据最后一段中的“The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done.”可知 9‎ ‎，该组织主要是改进发展中国家的卫生状况，并没有扩展到全世界，故A项错误；文章没有提到B、D两项所表述的内容。‎ ‎8．What do we know about the text?‎ A．EcoSoap Bank helps improve hygiene.‎ B．Cambodian women have a bright future.‎ C．A US young man calls for helping poor countries.‎ D．Lack of hygiene remains a serious problem in the world.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了EcoSoap Bank能为柬埔寨乡村地区的人提供肥皂，从而改善那里的卫生状况，故A项正确。文章第五段只提到了35位当地妇女获得工作，故B项以偏概全；本文主要讲述美国人Samir Lakhani成立了EcoSoap Bank来帮助解决柬埔寨的肥皂问题，未提到他呼吁帮助一些贫困国家，故C项不符合题意；文章只提到了柬埔寨以及其他发展中国家的卫生问题，故D项不符合题意。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·济南高三模拟)It was 1972, and I was in second grade. In the classroom the teacher, Ms.Boyette was __1__ aloud to us from Island of the Blue Dolphins. And we had just come to a part of the book where the main __2__ was training a wild dog. I was listening, fascinated by the __3__ of all.‎ Not far away from me, there seated a boy who always frightened or __4__ others, so I was __5__ of this boy. While Ms.Boyette was reading, I looked over at him, for he was someone I was in the __6__ of keeping an eye on. I __7__ that he was listening too, that he was engaged by the __8__， that he was leaning forward in his seat and listening with all his heart. I __9__ at him, openmouthed. I was __10__ that this boy was in fact just __11__ me. He was a kid who liked a story. The boy must __12__ my eyes on him, because he turned. Then something __13__ happened. He smiled at me. __14__， I smiled back, unafraid. We were two __15__ smiling at each other.‎ Why have I never forgotten this __16__ moment? Why do I still __17__ every detail of it? I think it’s because that moment illustrates so beautifully the __18__ of reading out loud. It shows us into a safe room, where everyone involved, the reader and the listener, can have that chance to __19__ each other. We humans long not just for the story, not just for the flow of language, but for the __20__ that comes when words are read aloud.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过回忆儿时的故事阐明了大声朗读的力量所在。‎ ‎1．A.shouting B．singing C．talking D．reading 9‎ D　解析：根据下文中的“come to a part of the book”和“I was listening”可推知，当时老师在给学生们朗读小说，与下文中的“While Ms. Boyette was reading”呼应。‎ ‎2．A.author B．character C．reader D．listener B　解析：根据上文可知，老师在给学生们读小说的一个章节，并结合空后的“was training a wild dog”可推知，此处表示小说中的主人公正在训练一只野狗。character“人物，角色”。‎ ‎3．A.wonder B．silence C．warmth D．comfort A　解析：根据空前的“fascinated by the”并结合语境可推知，作者被小说中的奇妙之处迷住了。wonder“奇妙之处”。‎ ‎4．A.greeted B．touched C．hurt D．refused C　解析：根据该句中的“frightened or ______ others”，并结合选项可推知，那个男孩总是吓唬或伤害他人。‎ ‎5．A.aware B．terrified C．bored D．guilty B　解析：根据下文中的“I smiled back, unafraid”，并结合语境可推知，作者害怕这个男孩。‎ ‎6．A.habit B．form C．effort D．hope A　解析：根据下文中的“The boy must ______ my eyes on him, because he turned.”并结合语境可推知，当老师读小说时，作者习惯盯着那个男孩。‎ ‎7．A.predicted B．imagined C．promised D．noticed D　解析：根据上文中的“keeping an eye on”可推知，作者当时一直盯着那个男孩，注意到了一些细节，与下文的具体描述呼应。‎ ‎8．A.speech B．story C．journey D．diary B　解析：根据下文中的“He was a kid who liked a story.”可知，男孩被老师朗读的故事吸引了。‎ ‎9．A.pointed B．nodded C．stared D．waved C　解析：根据上文中的“keeping an eye on”可推知，作者当时盯着那个男孩看。‎ 9‎ ‎10．A.struck B．mixed C．cheated D．confused A　解析：根据上文的“openmouthed”并结合语境可推知，作者当时很吃惊，突然意识到了什么。strike“突然想到，猛地意识到”。‎ ‎11．A.behind B．beyond C．around D．like D　解析：根据上文中的“I was listening, fascinated by the ______ of all.”可推知，作者喜欢听故事，根据下文中的“He was a kid who liked a story.”可推知，这个男孩也喜欢听故事，作者意识到这个男孩和自己很像。‎ ‎12．A.ignore B．feel C．meet D．observe B　解析：根据空后的“because he turned”可推知，男孩感觉到作者在盯着他，所以转过头来。‎ ‎13．A.useful B．natural C．serious D．amazing D　解析：根据下文的“He smiled at me.”，并结合上文介绍的这个男孩经常吓唬或伤害他人可推知，男孩对作者微笑是一件令人惊奇的事。‎ ‎14．A.Then B．Again C．Instead D．Besides A　解析：根据语境可知，作者给对方以微笑回应，由此可知前后句表示逻辑上的顺承关系。then“然后”。‎ ‎15．A.strangers B．kids C．teachers D．enemies B　解析：根据上文中的“I was in second grade”可知，作者和那个男孩当时都还是孩子。‎ ‎16．A.funny B．busy C．lucky D．small D　解析：根据上文的描述可知，作者陈述的只是上课时的一个短暂的时刻而已。‎ ‎17．A.seek B．organize C．recall D．trust C　解析：根据上文的描述和语境可推知，作者现在是在回忆儿时所发生的事情。recall“回忆起”。‎ ‎18．A.power B．courage C．amusement D．ability 9‎ A　解析：根据语境可推知，此处表示那个时刻美妙地阐明了大声朗读的力量所在。power“力量”；courage“勇气”；amusement“娱乐”；ability“能力”。‎ ‎19．A.cheer B．see C．miss D．mention B　解析：根据上文中的“We were two ______ smiling at each other.”可推知，大声朗读让朗读者和听众有机会看到彼此。‎ ‎20．A.challenge B．knowledge C．choice D．connection D　解析：根据上文所表述的大声朗读让朗读者和听众有机会看到彼此可推知，大声朗读将朗读者和听众联系起来。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2020·辽宁五校联考)Last term our class hold a meaningful activity which required us to form the good habit in 100 days. I paired up with my deskmate. First, we discussed what habit that we should develop. All of us agreed to read for half and an hour each day. Then we made a list of the books we were interested. From then on, we managed to spare half an hour every day to reading books, however busy we were. Beside, we took a lot of notes and often exchanged idea. In the end, we accomplished our goal of reading for 100 days. How proudly we were! More importantly, due to the activity, reading books have become an essential part of our life.‎ 答案：‎ Last term our class a meaningful activity which required us to form good habit in 100 days. I paired up with my deskmate. First, we discussed what habit we should develop. ‎ ‎③‎ of us agreed to read for half and an hour each day. Then we made a list of the books we were interested . From then on, we managed to spare half an hour every day to books, however busy we were. ， we took a lot of notes and often exchanged . In the end, we accomplished our goal of reading for 100 days. How we were! More importantly, due to the activity, reading books 9‎ ‎ become an essential part of our life.‎ ‎①hold改为held。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Last term”可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。‎ ‎②the改为a。考查冠词。此处表示“养成一个好习惯”，表泛指，且good的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎③删除habit后的that。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，discussed后的宾语从句的引导词为what，且“what habit”在从句中作宾语，故that多余，应删除。‎ ‎④All改为Both。考查代词。根据上文提到的“I paired up with my deskmate.”可知，此处表示我们俩，故把All改为Both。‎ ‎⑤在interested后加in。考查介词。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎⑥reading改为read。考查固定用法。spare...to do sth.意为“抽出……做某事”，为固定用法。‎ ‎⑦Beside改为Besides。考查副词。根据语境可知，此处应用Besides表示“此外，而且”。 beside“在旁边”为介词。‎ ‎⑧idea改为ideas。考查名词的单复数。idea此处意为“看法，意见”，为可数名词，且此处表示交换观点，根据常识可知，此处表示不止一种观点，故要用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎⑨proudly改为proud。考查形容词。此处考查感叹句固定句型“How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！”。谓语为be动词were，故此处用形容词。‎ ‎⑩have改为has。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语“reading books”作主语，故谓语动词要用单数形式。‎ 9‎