2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit5Firstaid课后达标检测 人教版必修5 7页

Unit 5 First aid ‎ (建议用时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·安徽重点中学模拟)One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce illnesses and save lives. But, many people, especially children, do not have good handwashing habits. One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. Children may think that it is a tiresome thing to do.‎ To help handle this problem, two businesswomen from India created a product to turn handwashing into a fun activity. Amanat Anand and Shubham Issar created a tool called SoaPen, aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly.‎ ‎“It’s such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren’t doing it, and it’s resulting in actual deaths—which is shocking. So, we decided to come up with a fun method，” said Issar.‎ As the name suggests, SoaPen is a pen made out of soap. The children draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash the drawing off. If they don’t spend enough time washing it off, the colors remain on the children’s hands. Issar said it makes sure that children take enough time to wash their hands. This may be especially helpful in a classroom. Often a teacher does not have the time to make each child wash his hands properly.‎ Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they’re drawing on their hands. To obliterate the drawing, they actually wash their hands instead of just going under water and, you know, a onesecond wash and off.‎ Good news is that the school children in Mumbai, India, will soon most likely wash their hands after handling a pet. Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help promote good habits through handwashing in the city across the globe.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，‎ 7‎ 介绍了SoaPen。SoaPen是一款画笔样式的液态洗手产品，孩子们可用它在手上涂抹然后洗手，如果他们没有花足够的时间洗手，颜色会留在他们的手上，这会让洗手充满乐趣。‎ ‎1．Why does SoaPen come into existence?‎ A．To cure kids of some kinds of diseases.‎ B．To teach kids the importance of soap.‎ C．To help kids wash their hands correctly.‎ D．To make money from children consumers.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。依据第一段中的“One problem is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough.”可知，问题是孩子们洗手的频率不够或洗手的时间不够长；再联系第二段中的“aimed at teaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly”可知，发明SoaPen的目的在于让孩子们养成良好的洗手习惯，由此可知选项C正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following does Issar agree with?‎ A．Handwashing is anything but little.‎ B．SoaPen is designed for classrooms.‎ C．Some teachers ignore kids’ health in school.‎ D．Kids don’t know the right way of handwashing.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。依据第三段Issar的话“It’s such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people aren’t doing it, and it’s resulting in actual deaths”可知，有些人因为没有养成良好的洗手习惯而死亡，由此可知，洗手习惯对我们的健康是至关重要的，故选A项。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “obliterate” in paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．Show.　　　　 B．Reserve.‎ C．Learn. D．Remove.‎ D　解析：词义猜测题。依据该段的“Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because they’re drawing on their hands.”可知，孩子们需要用足够的时间去洗手才能洗掉SoaPen的图案，由画线词后的内容可知，为了消除SoaPen留在手上的痕迹，孩子们不再只是匆匆洗手了。由此可知，画线词与remove意思相近，故选D项。‎ ‎4．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．SoaPen has become popular worldwide.‎ B．The inventors think SoaPen has a bright future.‎ C．SoaPen has been applied in Mumbai schools.‎ D．Kids’ health should be paid more attention to.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。依据该段的“Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created 7‎ ‎ everywhere will help...across the globe.”可知，发明者表示SoaPen将在世界各地生产，这也会促进在全球推广好的洗手习惯，她们对SoaPen的未来有信心，由此可知选项B正确。‎ B ‎(2020·山东、湖北联考)Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy(读写能力) education, and readingcentered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a public library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.‎ There are several primary sources of library funding(资金), starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an important role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants(拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain libraries—most libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fundraising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.‎ Grants and private donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries by donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like afterhours visits or privileged access to special collections.‎ By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead afterschool programs, or organize fundraisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to your local community.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。 ‎ 7‎ ‎5．How many main sources of library funding are mentioned?‎ A．Two. B．Three.‎ C．Four. D．Five.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金；当地政府的拨款；私人捐款。‎ ‎6．How is the funding made use of according to the text?‎ A．By exploring more about history.‎ B．By developing a scientific computer system.‎ C．By holding afterschool activities for students.‎ D．By enriching special collections for the donors.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs”可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外活动。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to in the last paragraph?‎ A．Viewers in the library.‎ B．Programs used to view documents.‎ C．People running the library.‎ D．Donors visiting the library regularly.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers．”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。故可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故答案为A。‎ ‎8．What is the purpose of the text?‎ A．To stress the value of public libraries.‎ B．To appeal for donation to local libraries.‎ C．To introduce sources of public library funding.‎ D．To show the procedure of funding libraries.‎ C　解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源，故答案为C。A项是第一段的中心，不是文章的写作目的，可以排除；最后一段的最后两句提到支持图书馆有多种方式，可以从很多小事做起，作者并没有强调要给图书馆捐款，所以也没有“呼吁”一说，故排除B项；D项错在procedure，文章并未提及相关信息，故排除D项。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, children’s books, or local history, and education grants which 7‎ ‎ support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句，句子主干是Grants include technology grants, grants and education grants，句中有三个which引导的定语从句。‎ 译文：拨款包括让图书馆安装和更新电脑系统的技术拨款，关注某个特定话题，如科学、小说、儿童书籍或当地历史的拨款以及支持当地社区活动如课外读书项目的教育拨款。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·石家庄模拟)I love to travel alone for one reason: the strangers. Talking to strangers along your travels can change your trip into an adventure. 1.________．‎ Don’t ignore your fellow tourists. On a casual road trip, I went into a local shop. Waiting in a line to pay, I asked the woman ahead of me if she was from the area. “Nope. Oklahoma，” she told me. “Why？” 2.________. The man behind me jumped in and recommended some places worth visiting.‎ Stop using your phone. You need to be an open person, with open body language and open eyes and without a shield(盾). But my phone often gets between me and the surroundings. It ruins my chances to make eye contact with the people I see. 3.________， take a deep breath and make a sacred deal with yourself not to touch it. Put it in a different pocket than you usually do every time you reach for it.‎ ‎4．________. I’ll start by choosing a place to have morning coffee or breakfast. After that, I’ll let a local suggest what to do. I’ve found that the easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in open roles, such as people who work in restaurants, stores, or museums or ask someone seated near you on a bench or in a cafe. Ask where the person’s favorite street is.‎ Don’t be afraid of getting lost. On a visit to London a few years ago, I got out from the tube and got hopelessly lost. 5.________. So I stepped into a pub to dry myself and ended up listening to a woman telling me about her years as a spy.‎ A．It began to rain B．Let strangers make all your plans C．When you’re watching somebody D．I will share my experience with you ‎ E．If stopping using it feels unsafe to you F．Never feel afraid of the strangers you meet G．I replied I was on a trip, looking for scenic spots ‎【解题导语】　作者用自己的亲身经历介绍了独自旅行的一些注意事项。‎ ‎1．D　解析：由空前的“I love to travel alone for one reason: the strangers. Talking 7‎ ‎ to strangers along your travels can change your trip into an adventure.”可知，作者喜欢独自旅游的一个原因是陌生人；在旅行时，和陌生人交谈可以让旅行变成一种冒险。又由下文所列的四个方面可知，D项符合语境。‎ ‎2．G　解析：根据空前的“Why？”可知，G项中的“I replied”与其呼应，且空处起到承上启下的作用，所以G项符合语境。‎ ‎3．E　解析：本段内容是围绕电话而讲的，且根据空后的“make a sacred deal with yourself not to touch it”可知，E项“If stopping using it feels unsafe to you”与此呼应，符合语境。‎ ‎4．B　解析：根据空后的“I’ll start by choosing a place to have morning coffee or breakfast. After that, I’ll let a local suggest what to do.”可知，本段讲的应是让当地人给“我”旅行的建议，故B项“Let strangers make all your plans”与之呼应。故选B。‎ ‎5．A　解析：根据空后的“So I stepped into a pub to dry myself”可知，前一句讲的内容与该句中的“dry myself”有关。故A项“It began to rain”符合语境。‎ ‎【难句分析】　I’ve found that the easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in open roles, such as people who work in restaurants, stores, or museums or ask someone seated near you on a bench or in a cafe.‎ 分析：that引导宾语从句，两个who都引导定语从句，“seated near you on a bench or in a cafe”作定语修饰someone。‎ 译文：我发现最简单的方式是和那些开放的角色交谈，例如在餐馆、商店或博物馆工作的人，或者也可以在坐在长椅上或咖啡店时询问那些坐在你旁边的人。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·大连高三一模)Chinese highspeed railways are a very 1.____________(comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed train 2.____________(come) into use in 2008.‎ The stations are 3.____________(main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4.____________(connect) the highspeed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are welltrained. Even the secondclass 5.____________(chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide 6.____________ you can move without disturbing anyone. You can use your mobile phone, access 7.____________ Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8.____________(be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesn’t rock. Even when the train ‎ 7‎ brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.‎ What’s more, with a faster checkin, the highspeed trains are also 9.____________(little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10.____________ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国发达的交通工具——高铁。‎ ‎1．comfortable　解析：考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词comfortable修饰名词“way”，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎2．came　解析：考查动词的时态。主句的时态为现在完成时，根据该句中的“since”和时间状语“in 2008”可知，从句用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．mainly　解析：考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词mainly修饰动词built，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎4．to connect　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to connect。‎ ‎5．chairs　解析：考查名词的单复数。chair是可数名词，根据其后的谓语动词provide和语境可知，此处表示复数概念，故填chairs。‎ ‎6．that　解析：考查连词。根据该句中的“so”，并结合语境可知，此处考查固定用法so...that...，意为“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。‎ ‎7．the　解析：考查冠词。此处表示“访问网络”，Internet常和定冠词the连用。‎ ‎8．are　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，本句是一个被动句，主语为the kinds of food; limit和句子主语the kinds of food是被动关系，即be＋done的形式，故填are。‎ ‎9．less　解析：考查副词的比较级。根据句中的“faster”和“than”可知，此处含有比较的含义，故填副词比较级less，修饰动词affected，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎10．they　解析：考查代词。否定副词“Seldom”置于句首，引起部分倒装，系动词are位于主语之前，空处指代上文提到的“the highspeed trains”，是复数形式，故用they。‎ 7‎