【英语】甘肃省会宁县第四中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试（解析版） 21页

甘肃省会宁县第四中学2019-2020学年高二下学期 期中考试 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节， 每小题2分，满分40分）‎ A Great Activities for Nature Lovers Hiking One of the easiest and most accessible ways to get close to nature is by setting out on a good old fashioned hike. Hiking generally doesn't require any fancy equipment or special skills, just a piece of map and a thirst for adventure. This activity can be as relaxing as you make it.‎ Backcountry Camping Why limit yourself to just a day hike when you can have a full weekend for a longer adventure? Backcountry camping involves packing your tent，sleeping gear ,food, and water on your back to set up camp in a remote location. I you’re an experienced hiker and camper,this is an excellent way to test your survival skills and explore the wilderness.‎ Mountain and Road Biking Unlike long hikes through the woods, biking allows you to cover more ground and travel farther in nature. Mountain biking typically involves riding up and down steep slopes, between trees , and over rocks. If this sounds too intense or your tires aren't suited for rugged terrain( 地形) , consider taking a road bike on paved trails through forest preserves or along country roads.‎ Gardening Contrary to popular belief, you don't have to travel beyond your own backyard to experience the beauty of nature every day. If your personality is less adventurous or your mobility restricted, consider planting a garden to grow your own vegetables , fruit , herbs，or flowers. There's something truly satisfying about mixing up a salad with fresh ingredients you grow yourself. One of the best parts about spending time in gardening is that it doesn't have to break your budget and anyone can do it.‎ ‎1. What do hikers need for hiking?‎ A. Practical skills. B. Necessary equipment.‎ C. A useful map. D. A relaxed mood.‎ ‎2. W hat's NOT the advantage of gardening according to the text?‎ A. You don't need to go far to enjoy the beauty of nature.‎ B. It gives you a sense of satisfaction when cooking with fresh ingredients.‎ C. It doesn't take any energy or money to do it.‎ D. I’s easy to start it for anyone who likes it.‎ ‎3. Which of the following can take you to travel farthest?‎ A. Hiking. B. Backcountry Camping.‎ C. Mountain and Road Biking. D. Gardening.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. C 3. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种亲近大自然的户外活动。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段“Hiking generally doesn't require any fancy equipment or special skills, just a piece of map and a thirst for adventure.”可知，徒步旅行通常不需要任何花哨的装备或特殊的技能，只需要一张地图和对冒险的渴望。徒步者们需要一张有用的地图，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One of the best parts about spending time in gardening is that it doesn't have to break your budget and anyone can do it.”可知，种花园最大的好处是不需要打破预算，每个人都可以做到，并不是不花费时间 C. It doesn't take any energy or money to do it. 不需要花费任何精力和金钱，表述与原文不符，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike long hikes through the woods , biking allows you to cover more ground and travel farther in nature.”可知，骑自行车可以是你在大自然中旅行地更远，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】如何增加阅读理解的准确度---排除法。如第2小题，问题是哪一项不是园艺的优势，根据Contrary to popular belief, you don't have to travel beyond your own backyard to experience the beauty of nature every day.可知，不需走太远就可享受大自然，故A项正确； 根据There's something truly satisfying about mixing up a salad with fresh ingredients you grow ‎ yourself.可知，当你用自己种的蔬菜做饭时，会有一种满足感，故B项正确；根据最后一句“…and anyone can do it.”可知，园艺非常简单，每一个热爱园艺的人都可以做，故D项正确。通过排除法，选择C项。‎ B Finding a suitable name for a baby is a big deal in China.When picking out a Chinese name,parents usually select two or three characters that have a carefully thought out meaning, but when deciding on an English name, many of them struggle.That's where Jessup and her company, Special Name,come in. In the last few years, Jessup has helped name 677,900 Chinese babies, and earned over $400,000 in the process, more than enough to pay her college fees.‎ Jessup came up with the idea for Special Name in 2015,after accompanying her father on a business trip to China.One of her dad's business partners,a Mrs.Wang, asked her to help choose an English name for her daughter.Jessup felt honored and quickly realized the importance of choosing a proper name in Chinese culture.The woman wanted people to be surprised by the things her daughter could achieve,so Jessup suggested the name"Eliza"after the character Eliza Doolittle from the play Pygmalion.Mrs.Wang seemed delighted with Jessup's choice."If Mrs.Wang needed this service,maybe other parents would as well,"Jessup thought.‎ After returning to UK,Jessup borrowed ￡1,500 from her parents and paid a web designer to build a website,She then spent her free time filling up a database(数据库)with around 4,000 English names,associating them with five major personality characteristics,like honesty and optimism.‎ In the beginning, Jessup offered the service for free to promote the website,but later,she started charging fees.The business is almost completely self-sufficient,requiring only a small team in China that manages technical operations.She updates the database each month,allowing her to focus full-time on studies.‎ ‎4. What's the purpose of Special Name?‎ A. To help Chinese teens go abroad.‎ B. To strengthen children's personalities.‎ C. To pick an English name for a Chinese baby.‎ D. To make a deal with Chinese parents.‎ ‎5. What inspired Jessup to set up Special Name?‎ A. A suggestion from a business partner. B. Her interest in Chinese culture.‎ C. A Chinese mother's request. D. A character from a play.‎ ‎6. What did Mrs.Wang want her daughter to be in the future?‎ A. A woman with achievements. B. A famous actress.‎ C. A successful businesswoman. D. A western culture expert.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from the last paragraph about Special Name?‎ A. It offers free service. B. It's updated every day.‎ C. It's operated completely by itself. D. It is easy to manage.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为Special Name的公司专为中国婴儿取一个英文名字。同时说明了公司成立的起因是一位中国母亲的请求，以及公司成立过程和管理情况。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中When picking out a Chinese name, parents usually select two or three characters that have a carefully thought out meaning, but when deciding on an English name, many of them struggle. That's where Jessup and her company, Special Name, come in.（在选择中文名字时，父母通常会选择两个或三个经过仔细思考的汉字，但在决定英文名字时，他们中的许多人都很纠结。这就是杰塞普和她的公司“Special Name”的由来。）可知Special Name的目的是给一个中国婴儿取一个英文名字。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中One of her dad's business partners, a Mrs. Wang, asked her to help choose an English name for her daughter. Jessup felt honored and quickly realized the importance of choosing a proper name in Chinese culture.（她爸爸的一位生意伙伴王女士让她帮女儿选一个英文名字。Jessup感到很荣幸，并很快意识到在中国文化中选择一个合适名字的重要性。）可知一位中国母亲的要求促使Jessup设立了Special Name。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中The woman wanted people to be surprised by the things her daughter could achieve, so Jessup suggested the name "Eliza" after the character Eliza Doolittle from the play Pygmalion.（这个女人想让人们对她女儿的成就感到惊讶，所以Jessup建议用《皮格马利翁》(Pygmalion)中的人物伊丽莎·杜利特尔(Eliza Doolittle)来命名“伊丽莎”(Eliza)‎ ‎。）可知王太太希望她的女儿将来成为一个有成就的女人。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中The business is almost completely self-sufficient, requiring only a small team in China that manages technical operations.（该业务几乎完全自给自足，只需要一个在中国管理技术运营的小团队。）可知从最后一段中我们可以推断出Special Name很容易管理。故选D。‎ C Having an older brother comes with plenty of benefits. However, a new study finds an interesting downside: children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.‎ The study, conducted by a group of researchers in Paris, France, builds upon early research that having older brothers is associated with poor linguistic(语言的)development. Now, researchers say they have come to a more specific conclusion: only children with an older brother show these linguistic difficulties. One would assume(假设) that children with older brothers would grow up around more conversation on a daily basis, thus speeding up their language development. But researchers say such children actually take longer than their older brothers to begin developing these skills. Researchers studied more than 1,000 children from birth to the age of five-and-a-half years old. Each child’s language skills were tested at ages 2, 3, and 5.5, using tests specially designed to measure many aspects of language development such as vocabulary and syntax(句法). What the research team discovered was significant: children with an older brother had, on average, a two-month delay in their language development compared to studied children with an older sister. As far as explaining this phenomenon, researchers have given two assumptions. The first is that older sisters tend to talk more often than older brothers, which would make up for parents being less present than they were for their first child. The second assumption is that older sisters usually compete with their brothers and sisters less than older brothers for their parents’ attention.‎ So far, the study’s authors say they can’t say for certain why children with older brothers have a harder time developing language skills. In the future they’d like to investigate it further.‎ ‎8. What does the word “downside” mean in the first paragraph?‎ A. slide. B. advantage. C. upside down. D. disadvantage.‎ ‎9. What can be learned from the passage?‎ A. Children with older brothers will speak earlier.‎ B. No one knows exactly the reason why children with brothers speak later.‎ C. Children with an older sister had a two-month delay in speaking.‎ D. Researchers studied over 1,000 children of all ages.‎ ‎10. What’s the weakness for the children with older brothers?‎ A. The parents will never care about them any more.‎ B. The older brothers will always fight with them.‎ C. The development speed of their linguistic skills will be put off.‎ D. They won’t enjoy life-long close relationships with the older brothers.‎ ‎11. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A. Young brothers usually speak earlier?‎ B. Having older brothers always benefits you?‎ C. Parents love older brothers more?‎ D. Sisters often compete with brothers?‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文章主要讲述了有哥哥的孩子语言发育所需的时间更长，并结合研究给出了相应的原因。到目前为止，这项研究的作者说，他们还不能确定为什么有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面更困难。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.可知一项新的研究发现了一个有趣的缺点：有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面花的时间更长。故划线单词意思为“缺点”。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中So far, the study’s authors say they can’t say for certain why children with older brothers have a harder time developing language skills.可知到目前为止，这项研究的作者说，他们还不能确定为什么有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面更困难。由此可知，没有人确切地知道为什么有哥哥的孩子晚说话。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中What the research team discovered was significant: children with an older brother had, on average, a two-month delay in their language development compared to studied children with an older sister.可知研究小组的发现很有意义：与有姐姐的孩子相比，有哥哥的孩子在语言发展上平均有两个月的延迟。由此可知，有哥哥的孩子他们语言技能的发展速度将被推迟。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中However, a new study finds an interesting downside: children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.可知然而，一项新的研究发现了一个有趣的缺点：有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面需要更长的时间。结合本文章主要讲述了有哥哥的孩子语言发育所需的时间更长，并结合研究给出了相应的原因。故B选项“有哥哥总是对你有好处吗？”符合文章标题。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】标题确定题属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。‎ 概括性原则：要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。‎ 针对性原则：针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量体裁衣，大小适度。‎ 醒目性原则：标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍，故标题往往比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。‎ 如第四小题，根据第一段中However, a new study finds an interesting downside: children with older brothers take longer when it comes to developing language skills.可知然而，一项新的研究发现了一个有趣的缺点：有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面需要更长的时间。结合本文章主要讲述了有哥哥的孩子语言发育所需的时间更长，并结合研究给出了相应的原因。故B选项“有哥哥总是对你有好处吗？”符合文章标题。故选B。‎ D From my earlier memory of Mother, it seemed quite natural to think of her as different, nor ‎ of everyday things as Father was. In those days he was a young-looking man. He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories. Mother was older than he was. She must have been a woman of nearly forty, but she seemed even older. She changed little for a long time, showing no indication of growing old at all until, towards the end of her life, she suddenly became an old lady.‎ I was always inquisitive about Mother’s age. She never had birthdays like other people, nor did anyone else in our family. No candles were ever lit or cakes made or presents given in our house. To my friends in the street who talked delightfully about their birthday parties, I would repeat my mother’s words that such celebrations were only foolish.‎ ‎“Nothing but deception,” she would say. “As though life can be marked by birthdays. It’s deeds, not years, that matter.”‎ Although I often repeated her words and even prided myself on not having birthdays, I once could not help asking Mother when she was born.‎ ‎“I was born. I’m alive as you can see, so what more do you want to know?” she replied, so sharply that I never asked her about her age again.‎ In so many other ways Mother was different. Whereas all the rest of the women I knew in the neighboring houses took pride in their housewifely abilities, their new furniture, the neat appearance of their homes, Mother regarded all those things as of little importance. Our house always looked as if we had just moved in or were about to move out.‎ ‎12. How did Father impress the author?‎ A. He liked writing stories. B. He talked a lot.‎ C. He was a very young man. D. He was popular with children.‎ ‎13. Before the end of her life, Mother ______.‎ A. looked quite young B. looked like an old lady C. looked younger than she was D. looked like a 40-year-old woman ‎14. What does the underlined word “inquisitive” (in Paragraph 2) probably mean?‎ A. Certain B. Curious. C. Cautious. D. Confident.‎ ‎15. What do we learn about Mother?‎ A. She was lazy. B. She was strict.‎ C. She was proud. D. She was special.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章中作者凭借小时候对妈妈的记忆，讲述了一个在外貌、性格、对待年龄的态度和家庭生活方面都与众不同的妈妈。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories.可知他毫不犹豫地和孩子们交朋友，只要他们能和他说话，能因为他讲的故事而发笑。由此可推知，父亲给作者留下了很受孩子们欢迎的印象。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中She changed little for a long time, showing no indication of growing old at all until, towards the end of her life…可知在很长一段时间里，她几乎没有什么变化，丝毫没有变老的迹象，直到生命的尽头……由此可知，在她的生命结束之前，母亲看起来比她的实际年龄年轻。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文about Mother’s age. She never had birthdays like other people可知因为母亲从来不像其他人那样过生日，所以作者对母亲的年龄感到好奇。由此可知，划线单词“inquisitive”意思为“好奇的”。A. Certain必然的；B. Curious.好奇的；C. Cautious.谨慎的；D. Confident.自信的。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中From my earlier memory of Mother, it seemed quite natural to think of her as different…可知在我之前对母亲的记忆中，似乎很自然地认为她是与众不同的……结合最后一段中In so many other ways Mother was different.可知在许多其他方面，母亲都是不同的。由此可推知，作者的母亲是个特别的人。故选D。‎ E What To Do When You Break Your Smartphone?‎ As you pick the smartphone you just dropped from the pavement, your mind races. You can't afford a new one. How will you check your Wechat (微信)messages? Here are some of the things you can try if you break your phone. ‎ ‎___16___‎ Smartphones are held together with screws(螺丝) and pins, which means in many cases, if you're handy enough, you can easily fix them. ___17___‎ One site in particular, ifixit.com, offers guides for replacing and fixing nearly every part of a wide variety of smartphones, ranging from the very first iPhone all the way to the iPhone 7Plus. ‎ Bring it to a repair shop Smartphone repair shops are all over the place these days. ___18___Depending on the damage to your phone, the price for repairs can range anywhere from﹩29 to more than﹩250. ‎ Try selling your damaged phone So your phone is damaged, and you don't want to spend the money to get it fixed. Why not try selling it? ___19___.Gazelle, for example, will pay you﹩40 for a 16GB iPhone 5s with a broken display, while Glyde will pay you﹩142 for an iPhone 6 with a cracked screen. ‎ Buy a refurbished(翻新的) phone So you've sold your broken smartphone and now you've got some extra spending cash, but it's still nowhere near enough to cover the full cost of a new smartphone, which can run more than $600. ___20___.‎ Well, if preowned(二手的)phones don't bother you, you can buy a refurbished handset from any number of carriers or stores at a modest discount.‎ A. What can you do?‎ B. Get insurance next time.‎ C. Try repairing it yourself.‎ D. So why not see if one of these stores can fix your busted(损坏的) handset?‎ E. In fact，there are entire websites designed to help you repair your own phone.‎ F. How much you get for your damaged phone depends on the model and what kind of issues it has.‎ G. And if they don't want your phone and you want to make sure that it's at least recycled，they'll do that too.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。如果手机坏了，文章介绍了一些可以尝试的方法来解决问题。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 本题是判断标题。根据段中if you're handy enough, you can easily fix them.可知是建议自己修理手机，C项Try repairing it yourself.表达了此意，其中的repairing和段中fix同义，故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 上句建议我们自己修理手机，下句介绍了ifixit.com网站提供了许多修理指南。E项：事实上，有很多网站都是为了帮助你修理手机而设计的。承上启下，其中的websites和下句的One site呼应，故选E。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 本段建议我们如果自己修理不好，就把手机送修理店。上句提到现在智能手机修理店到处都是，D项：为什么不看看是否其中一个商店可以修理你坏了的手机?与上句连接，选项中的these stores指的就是上句中的repair shops，故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 本段建议我们把坏手机卖掉。下句列举了不同型号不同破损程度的手机能卖的价格，F项：你能从损坏的手机中得到多少取决于型号和问题的类型。与下句连接，下句是具体的说明。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 本段建议我们买一个翻新的手机。下文you can buy a refurbished handset from any number of carriers or stores at a modest discount.是具体做法，根据下句的Well,空白处可以用提问的方式表达出来，A项：What can you do? 承上启下，故选A。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top ____21____，but on their way back conditions were very ____22____. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon ____23____alone，he would probably get back _____24_____. But Simon decided to risk his____25____and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope.‎ As they___26___down，the weather got worse Then another ___27___occurred. They couldn't see or hear each other and，____28____，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was____29____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's _____30_____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. _____31_____，after more than ‎ an hour in the dark and the icy cold，Simon had to _____32_____. In tears，he cut the rope. Joe ____33____ into a huge crevasse（裂缝） in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn't walk，but he ______34______to get out of the crevasse and started to _____35_____ towards their camp，nearly ten kilometers _____36_____.‎ Simon had ______37______the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be _____38_____，but he didn't want to leave _____39_____. Three days later，in the middle of the night，he heard Joe's voice. He couldn't _____40_____ it. Joe was there，a few meters from their tent，still alive.‎ ‎21. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early ‎22 A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal ‎23. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued ‎24. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully ‎25. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life ‎26. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked ‎27. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble ‎28. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck ‎29. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible ‎30. A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment ‎31. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly ‎32. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision D. hold on ‎33. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed ‎34. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped ‎35. A. run B. skate C. move D. march ‎36. A. around B. away C. above D. along ‎37. A. headed for B. traveled to C. left for D. returned to ‎38. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late ‎39. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously ‎40. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38.‎ ‎ A 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，在文中讲述了英国登山家乔·辛普森和西蒙·耶茨攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉米的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇，他们成功在西坡登顶。但是在下山时却遇到了困难，乔腿部受伤，西蒙不得不放弃乔，西蒙本以为乔会死掉，结果三天后，乔奇迹般的走回了营地。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们成功地到达了山顶，但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A. hurriedly 匆忙地； B. carefully仔细地；C. successfully成功地；D. early早。根据上文“Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains”可知，他们成功地到达了山顶。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们成功地到达了山顶，但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A. difficult 困难的；B. similar 相似的；C. special特别的；D. normal正常的。根据下文Joe fell and broke his leg可知，下山的路是很艰难的，故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道，如果西蒙继续一个人走，他很可能会安全的回来。A.climbed 爬； B. worked 工作； C. rested 休息； D. continued继续。根据上文可知，J乔受伤了，所以西蒙如果不管乔，一个人继续下山，他很可能会安全的回来。故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道，如果西蒙继续一个人走，他很可能会安全的回来。A. unwillingly 不情愿地；B. safely 安全地；C. slowly 缓慢地；D. regretfully 遗憾地。Joe受伤了，由情理可知如果西蒙不顾及乔，他会安然返回。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险，试着用绳子把乔吊下山。A. fortune 财富； B. time时间； C. health 健康；D. life 生活，生命。在困难的 情况下西蒙 带上受伤的同伴是在冒着生命的危险。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们下山时，天气变得更糟了。A. lay躺，位于；B. settled解决； C. went 去；D. looked看。根据上文“but on their way back”可知，是在下山。故选 C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后另一个麻烦随之而来。A. damage损坏；B. storm 暴风雨；C. change改变；D. trouble 麻烦。根据前面内容可知Joe受伤就是一个麻烦事了，所以天气的恶劣对他们来说是另一个麻烦。故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们看不见对方，也听不见对方说话，西蒙误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边。A. by mistake 错误地 B. by chance偶然地C. by choice 出于选择； D. by luck靠运气。由于恶劣的天气他们看不清楚也听不清楚，因而西蒙错误地把乔用绳子放到了悬崖边，故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔不可能爬回来，西蒙也不可能把他拉上来。A. unnecessary没必要；B. practical 实际的 C. important 重要的； D. impossible不可能。 因为Joe受了伤，而又是在悬崖边，所以对于乔来说爬上来是不可能的，西蒙也是不可能下去救他，故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔的重量慢慢地把西蒙拉向悬崖。A. height高度；B. weight 重量； C. strength 力气；D. equipment 设备。从故事内容可知西蒙 是在用绳子把乔往山下送，所以能影响到西蒙的是乔的重量，故选B项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后，西蒙不得不做出决定。A. Finally最终，最后； B. Patiently耐心地； C Surely 当然； D Quickly快地。 西蒙坚持到最后，不忍心放弃他的同伴，故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后，西蒙不得不做出决定。A. stand back 往后站；B .take a rest 休息； C .make a decision 做出决定；D. hold on 坚持。根据“after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold”可知在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后，西蒙不得不做出决定。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔掉入了一个巨大的裂缝下面的冰上。A jumped跳； B. fell ‎ 摔倒，掉下；C escaped 逃脱；D backed 支持。空前提到他割掉绳子，所有乔是摔了下去。故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向他们的营地移动，近10公里远。A. managed管理； B. planned 计划；C. waited 等待；D. hoped 希望。从下文可知Joe成功的爬回营地，活了下来。所以这是他设法走出裂缝的结果。故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向他们的营地移动，近10公里远。A. run跑，经营；B. skate 滑冰；C. move移动；D. march 行军。因为乔受伤了，所以是慢慢移动着。故选C项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：句意：他不能走路，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向他们的营地移动，近10公里远。A. around 周围；B. away 远离；C. above 在……上面；D. along 沿着。根据“nearly ten kilometers”可知，此处指距离所以用away。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：西蒙已经回到山脚下的营地。A. headed for 朝某地进发；B .traveled to 旅行去某地；C. left for 动身去某地；D. returned to 回到。根据“he didn't want to leave”可知，他回到营地了，故选D项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为乔一定是死了，但他不想马上离开。A. dead 死的；B .hurt 受伤的；C. weak虚弱的；D. late 迟的。根据常识可知，在那种极端的情况下，他以为乔会死掉，故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他认为乔一定是死了，但他不想马上离开。A. secretly 秘密地；B. tiredly疲倦地；C. immediately立即；D. anxiously 焦虑地。根据后文“Three days later”可知他又在那里呆了三天，所有没立离开。故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他简直不敢相信。A. find 发现；B. believe 相信；C. make 使，制作；D. accept接受。根据“Joe was there，a few meters from their tent，still alive.”可知他没想到乔会活着回来，所以不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B项。‎ 第二节 语法填空 During the summer I___41___(go) to England to visit several places,___42___I have learned that the United States and the United Kingdom are different in cultures. For one thing, England is a lot cleaner,____43____(include) the streets and the air. Throughout my whole traveling experience, I have learned that England and the United States are similar but are also unlike in many___44___(culture) ways?‎ In England, they have a different dialect so some of their words differ from___45___(us).They also use more bicycles cars. Their method___46___driving is different too. Americans drive on the left side of the car and in England they drive on the right side of the car.‎ There are many___47___(different) in the way we eat, too. In England, they eat with a knife and fork. In America, we eat French fries with our fingers and we don't use forks and knives for those kinds of foods. In America, coffee is ___48___most popular drink that adults usually drink. In England, they have tea instead of coffee.‎ ‎___49___(general), I think that the way people in Britain live their lives is much____50____(simple).‎ ‎【答案】41. went 42. where 43. including 44. cultural 45. ours 46. of 47. differences 48. the 49. Generally 50. simpler ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。本文主要说明英国和美国的生活方式的不同。英国人的语言和美国既有相同点也有不同点。他们的驾驶方式不同，美国人坐在汽车的左边，而在英国，他们坐在汽车的右边。美国人吃炸鸡块用手指，而英国人用刀叉；美国人爱喝咖啡，而英国人喝茶。总体来说，英国人的生活方式更简单。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：暑假期间我去英国参观了几个地方，在那里我了解到美国和英国在文化上是不同的。根据时间状语During the summer 可知谓语动词用一般过去时went。故填went。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：暑假期间我去英国参观了几个地方，在那里我了解到美国和英国在文化上是不同的。分析本句可知，本句是非限制性定语从句。其中的several places是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。非限制性定语从句中作地点状语要用where。故填where。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词做状语。句意：首先，英国干净得多，包括街道和空气。分析句子可知，本句是单句。所以空格处是非谓语，其中England也包括the streets and the air。在 the streets and the air前，用including，表示“包括”。故填including。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查派生词。句意：在我的整个旅行经历中我了解到英国和美国在很多文化方面有相似之处，但也有不同之处。空格处在句中修饰名词ways，修饰名词一般用形容词。故填cultural。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在英国，他们有不同的方言，所以他们的一些词和我们（美国）的不同。和their words 呼应，用ours，表示“我们的话语”。故填ours。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：他们的驾驶方法也不同。美国人坐在汽车的左边，而在英国，他们坐在汽车的右边。表示“他们的驾驶方式”要用“their method of driving”。of表示“……的”。故填of。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我们吃东西的方式也有很多不同。many一般用于修饰名词复数。可知空格处要用名词复数differences，故填differences。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：在美国，咖啡是成年人通常喝的最受欢迎的饮料。在英国，他们喝茶而不喝咖啡。多音节形容词 popular 的最高级用the most popular，故填the。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：一般来说，我认为英国人的生活方式（比美国）简单得多。空格处在句中修饰整个句子，修饰句子一般用副词。”generally”意思为“总的来说，一般来说”，本空位于句首，第一个字母要大写，故填Generally。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查比较级。句意：一般来说，我认为英国人的生活方式（比美国）简单得多。副词 much 一般修饰比较级。空格处要用形容词的比较级simpler，表示“英国人的生活更简单”。故填simpler。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）‎ ‎51.注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Our school was going to set up a science club for the students interested in science. I think you should join in the club, where you can learn much knowledge about science. Beside, the club will provide you with the chances make friends with other students. Anyone who share your interests may become one of your friends. You can also discuss our study experience with them. What’s more, joining a club will enable you to take part in various activities and to attend the lectures giving by some famous scientists. To be brief, it will be beneficial for you to join the club, which you can get acquainted with other students and learn new thing.‎ ‎【答案】1.was→is ‎2去掉in ‎ ‎3.Beside→Besides ‎ ‎4.chances后加to ‎ ‎5.share→shares ‎6.our→your ‎ ‎7.a→the ‎ ‎8.giving→given ‎ ‎9.which→where ‎ ‎10.thing→things ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是应用文，是关于加入学校将要建立的科学俱乐部的邀请。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查时态。根据下文“the club will provide you with …”的一般将来时时态可知，“Our school was going to set up a science club”应是一般将来时。故was改为is。‎ ‎2.考查动词。join in 指加入某种小型群体活动，join表示加入某组织，成为其中的一员；“加入俱乐部”应该是成为俱乐部的成员，应是join the club。故去掉in 。‎ ‎3.考查副词。beside是介词，意思为“在……旁边”；besides是副词，意思为“除此之外，而且”，用来引出句子。故Beside改为Besides。‎ ‎4.考查固定短语。短语the chance to do …，意思为“做……的机会”，后面接不定式做定语。故chances后加to。‎ ‎5.考查主谓一致。定语从句who share your interests的谓语动词share应该与作主语的先行词anyone在人称和时态上一致；句子叙述的是现在的情况，是一般现在时，anyone是单数，因此share用第三人称单数形式。故share改为shares。‎ ‎6.考查代词。句意：你也可以和他们讨论你的学习体验。句子的主语是you，相应地用形容词性的物主代词your。故our改为your。‎ ‎7.考查冠词。文章第一句提到“Our school is going to set up a science club”，“joining a club will enable you…”应用定冠词the表示上文提到过的事物。故a改为the。‎ ‎8.考查过去分词。分析句子结构，“giving by some famous scientists”是定语，the lectures和give之间应该是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词做后置定语；give是不规则变化动词，过去分词为given。故giving改为given。‎ ‎9.考查定语从句关系词。“which you can get acquainted with other students and learn new thing”定语从句，先行词the club在从句中作地点状语，可以理解为“in the club”，因此用where引导定语从句。故which改为where。‎ ‎10.考查可数名词单复数。根据句意，“学到新的东西”应该是指很多东西，因此thing用复数的形式表示泛指。故thing改为things。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mark本学期选修了汉语课程。最近，他来信询问你如何学好汉语。请你根据如下提示给与他一些建议。‎ ‎1认真听讲，积极练习 ‎2 广泛阅读 ‎3 欣赏影视作品 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 词数： 不少于100词 ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Mark,‎ Knowing from your letter that you are learning Chinese this semester, I am more than pleased to provide you with some advice on how to acquire a good knowledge of Chinese.‎ To begin with, there is no better way to learn a language well than to listen attentively to your teacher in class and constantly practise after class as mastering a language does require a great deal of practice. Besides, I think it beneficial if you read as much as possible, which contributes a lot to enlarging your vocabulary. Finally, you can gain idiomatic Chinese through movies and songs.‎ I genuinely hope the suggestions will turn out useful. Wish you a suceessful semester.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信，就如何学好汉语给美国的笔友一些建议。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1. 表明写信意图 ‎ 2. 具体建议 ‎ 1）认真听讲，积极练习 ‎2）广泛阅读 ‎3）欣赏影视作品 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ semester；Chinese；advice；listen to；practice；plenty of；as much as possible；‎ appreciate；read widely；look forward to 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I’m glad to know that you are learning Chinese this semester. ‎ ‎2. Let me give you some advice on how to learn Chinese well.‎ ‎3. Firstly you must listen to teacher in class carefully and make sure to keep practicing every day.‎ ‎4. It will also help if you can read widely.‎ ‎5. Besides, appreciating movies is another way to improve your Chinese.‎ ‎6. Look forward to what I say can help you.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：To begin with, there is no better way to learn a language well than to listen attentively to your teacher in class and constantly practise after class as mastering a language does require a great deal of practice.这句话运用了as引导的原因状语从句和较为复杂的比较级；使用了一些固定词组，如turn out; contribute to; as much as possible等。文中没有中式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎