2019届二轮复习语法专题名词性从句课件(共34张PPT)(1) 34页

2019 届二轮复习语法专题 12 Noun Clause Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners. 常用来引导名词性从句连词 从属连词 ( 只起连接句子的作用 , 不充当成分 ) that, whether/if 连接代词 ( 连接句子，在句子中充当主语 , 表语 , 定语或宾语 ) who, whom, whose, which 连接副词 ( 连接句子，在句子中作状语 ) when, where, how, why what 或 wh-ever —————— Now check your answers 1 How what 2 3 4 What how 5 that 6 that 在复合句中 起名词作用 的从句叫名词性从句。名词性从句包括 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句 。 名词性从句 引导名词性从句的词有： that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whichever, whatever, what, when, where, how, why 等。 考点题例一 1. Your support is important to our work. _____________ you can do helps. 2. It is often the case _______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 3. If you swim in a river lake, be sure to investigate ______ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 4. _______ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. Whatever that what Where 主语从句 subject clause 在复合句中，如 作 主语 的 是 一个 从句 ，该从句被称为 主语从句 。 That she was beautiful was plain to everyone . Whether he’ll come hasn’t been decided . How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer ( 评论者 ). = It hasn’t been decided whether he’ll come . 形式主语 真正主语 考点梳理 主语从句 系动词 表语 主语从句 谓语 宾语 It 作 形式主语 that ① It is certain that she will do well in her exam. ② It ’s no surprise that our team has won the game. ③ It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. whether It is unknown whether he comes (or not). 连接代 / 副词 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. It has not been decided yet who will preside over the meeting. 形容词 名词 ( 词组 ) 过去分词 It’s a pity (that) you’re leaving. (2) That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 注意： that 的省略 在口语中， that 常可以省略，尤其是在非常短的句子中， 但 that 从句位于 句首 时 , that 是不能省略的。 举一反三 1. __________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. 2. _____________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 3. It remains to be seen ____________ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. 4. ___________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. 5. It is by no means clear ___________ the president can do to end the strike. What Whichever whether What what 考点题例二 1. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust. 2. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ________ ships are built for. 3. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ________ I was born. 4. From space, the earth looks blue. This is __________ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. that what where because 表语从句 predicative clause 在复合句中，如作 表语 的 是 一个 从句 ，该从句被称为 表语从句 。 My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman . This is what we should do . The question remains whether the patient needs an operation . 主语 系动词 表语从句 (that 在从句中不作成分，没有词义，不可省略。 ) what 在表语从句中作宾语，不能省略。 表语从句 (whether 在从句中不作成分，表“是否”。 ) 考点梳理 be 动词类 ： am, is , are , was, were  表示变化类 ： become, get, turn, grow, go  感官动词类 ： look, sound, smell, taste, feel 表示延续性的动词 ： remain, stay, keep   Children grow wiser as they grow. His voice sounded strange on the phone. He kept all the money in the bank. My book is on the desk. 常见的 系动词 ： It looked as if it was going to rain . (2) That’s because he didn’t work hard enough . 注意： as if/ as though, because 也可引导表语从句 because 引导表语从句时，主句主语不能是 reason 或 cause 。 举一反三 1 . —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am _________ you have made me. 2. That’s _________ he refused our help. 3. The reason why John was punished was ________ he was late again. 4. John was punished. That’s __________ he was late again. what why that because 解析 ： 主语 是 reason 或 why 引导的从句，其表语从句 只能用 that 引导，不能用 because 。如果 主语 是 this 或 that ，表语从句 可用 because 引导，如 3 和 4 。 考点题例三 1. I truly believe__________ beauty comes from within. 2. We must find out _________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. 3. — I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. — By working out every day. 4. You have to know__________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 5. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing __________ you’re afraid to do. 6. The exhibition tells us _________ we should do something to stop air pollution. that when how where what why 宾语从句 objective clause 在复合句中，如作 宾语 的 是 一个 从句 ，该从句被称为 宾语从句 。 I don’t care whether he is rich or not . I ’ve made it clear (that) I will never go back there . 主语 谓语 宾语从句 主语 谓语 形式宾语 宾语补足语 宾语从句 考点梳理 注 ：动词如接 复合宾语 ( 宾语 + 宾补 ) ( 如 : think, make, consider 等 ) 时，通常用 it 作形式宾语。 He told me he had to leave and that he would be back soon. (2) I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will get better. 注意： that 不可省略的情况 当一个复合句中含有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句时 , 第二个及其后的从句 中 that 不可省略 。 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，两者常可换用，下列情况除外： 只用 whether 在动词 不定式之前 只能用 whether Please tell us whether to go or stay here. 在 whether … or not 的固定搭配中 I don’t know whether or not I can come. 在 介词后 ，只能用 whether。 We worried about whether he was in good health. 宾语从句放在 句首 表示 强调 时 Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 举一反三 1. It is difficult for us to imagine ___________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. 2. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for _________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 3. He once told me ______ he made teaching his career. 4. We all thought it a pity _________ you didn’t make it to the final of the speech contest. 5. Prof. Lee’s book will show you _________ what you have observed can be used in other contexts. what what why that how 解析 ： 5. 李教授的书将会向你展示如何将你所观察到的运用到其他语境之中。 根据句意 how 在这里 引导宾语从句 ，在从句中 作状语 。 考点题例四 1. The manager put forward a suggestion __________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 2. — Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? — Yeah, but I have no idea _________ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities. 3. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief __________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 4. The notice came around two in the afternoon _________ the meeting would be postponed. that why that that 同位语从句 appositive clause 同位语从句 常跟在一些表示 抽象或空泛含义 的 名词后面 ，以 说明 这些名词的 具体内容 。这类词包括 fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility 等 The news that our football team won the match was encouraging . He was fully conscious of the fact that her family did not approve of this marriage . 主语 系动词 表语 同位语从句 考点梳理 主语 系动词 表语 同位语从句 that 引导 同位语从句 与 that 引导 定语从句 的区别 that 引导 同位语从句 , 在从句中 不充当任何成分 , that 引导的同位语从句是 完整 的 , 不缺任何成分。 that 引导 定语从句 时 , 一方面起引导定语从句的作用 , 另一方面 , that 在定语从句中 充当主语、宾语或表语 , that 引导的定语从句 成分 是 残缺 的。 The news that our football team won the match was encouraging. The news (that) we heard on the radio was encouraging. ( 说明 news 具体内容 , that 不作成分 , 不可省 ) ( 修饰先行词 news, that 作宾语 , 可省 ) 抽象名词 = 引导词 同位语从句 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 举一反三 1. The report was made by the department manager _________ the accident was caused by the mishandling of the machine. 2. Where did you get the news _________ our program had run into trouble? 3. It is a fact _________ she has done her best. 4. Then arose the question _________ we were to send the message. 5. So far he hasn’t received any reply _________ he is enrolled. that that how whether that 解析 ： 4. 这时就出现了一个问题：我们如何发送这一信息。 根据句意 how 在这里 引导同位语从句 ，在从句中 作状语 。 解析 ： 5. 迄今为止他还没收到答复，是被录取了还是没被录取。 根据句意 whether 在这里 引导同位语从句 ，表示“ 是否 ” , 在从句中 不作成分 。 1. You can hardly imagine _____ when he heard the news. A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited 2. ____ astonished me is that AlphaGo defeated the human champion. A. That B. Whether C. What D. Whatever 3. The happiest people enjoy __________ each age gives them. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever (1) Multiple choice. 4. Experts aren’t still sure exactly how dreams work, but what is certain is _____ they are necessary for our mental health and that everyone has dreams. A. that B. what C. who D. where 5. I couldn’t understand ____ with me. A. the matter was what B. what the matter was C. what was the matter D. that was the matter 6. — I don’t know ______ Mr. Green will come to see us. — He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where (2) Fill in the blanks. 1. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son. 2. It suddenly occurred to him _________ he had left his keys in the office. 3. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt __________ he could have expressed it differently. 4. Please tell me _________ she will come again next time. 5. As John Lennon once said, life is _________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans. What that that if what 6. A warm thought suddenly came to me __________ I might buy some flowers for my friend’s mother’s 60th birthday. 7. We have learned from the story that _________ is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but _________ we have in our lives. 8. — It’s my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have? — ___________ you choose is fine with me 9. We agreed to accept _________ they thought was the best professor in the college. that what who Whatever whoever (3) Correct the sentences. 1. If she comes or not doesn’t concern me. 2. Whomever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 3. We never doubt whether he is honest. 4. The fact is what he didn’t notice the car until too late. 5. The reason why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________ Whether Who 去掉 whether /that that that 6. He asked me when did I arrive. 7. The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled. 8. Your brother’s health is not which it used to be. 9. Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed, but they didn’t give up. 6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ I arrived that what that (3) Complete the passage. It was reported _______ there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning. No one saw _________ on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured. _________ will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police were uncertain about ___________ the driver was guilty. _________ the police should do now is _________ they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because _________ the accident happened is not clear. Perhaps the reason was _________ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn’t admit the fact _________ he was driving too fast at the turning. The police doubted _________ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation. that what Who whether What that how that that whether Thank you.