人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit12SectionB教材全解 8页

人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit12SectionB教材全解 Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?‎ Unit 12 Section B教材全解 ‎1.flew a kite放风筝 ‎【重点注释】flew为fly的过去式，fly此处作及物动词，意为“放飞（风筝、飞机模型等）”，fly a kite=fly kites放风筝。例如：Can you fly a kite?你能放风筝吗？We flew kites in the park last Sunday.上个星期天我们在公园里放风筝了。My father helped me to fly the model plane.我的父亲帮助我放飞飞机模型。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】fly还可作不及物动词：1）意为“飞，飞行”，fly to sw.=go to sw.by plane/air=take a plane to sw.乘飞机去某地。例如：I wanted to fly like a bird.我想象鸟一样飞。We flew to Beijing yesterday.昨天我们乘飞机去的北京。He flew back to London.他飞回了伦敦。Mr. Li flew to Shanghai.=Mr.Li went to Shanghai by plane/air.=Mr.Li took a plane to Shanghai.李先生乘飞机去上海了。2）意为“飞逝”。例如：How times flies!时间过得真快呀！‎ ‎2.swam in a swimming pool 在游泳池里游泳 ‎【重点注释】swam为动词swim的过去式；swimming是动词swim的动名词形式，在此用作定语，表示用途或功能，即a swimming pool=a pool for swimming。类似的表达还有：a sitting room起居室，a reading room阅览室，a waiting room候车室。‎ ‎3.Did you do anything interesting last weekend?上个周末你做什么有趣的事情了吗？‎ ‎【重点注释】★anything意为“任何事情”，它是不定代词，常用于否定句或疑问句中。例如：He didn’t do anything this morning.今天早上他没做任何事情。★anything interesting意为“有趣的事；任何有趣的事情”，形容词interesting修饰不定代词anything应后置，在句中作后置定语（即形容词应位于不定代词之后）。【语法】当形容词修饰something/anything/nothing等不定代词时，形容词要位于不定代词之后。例如：He told us something interesting.他告诉了我们一些有趣的事。This isn’t anything important.这并不是什么重要的东西。Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么有趣的事情吗？‎ ‎【拓展记忆】1）不定代词something一般用于肯定句中；anything一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中；nothing表示否定含义，构成否定句。例如：I have something to tell you.→I don’t have anything to tell you./I have nothing to tell you.→Do you have anything to tell me?(Do you have nothing to tell me?) If you want anything,call me.如果你想要任何东西，给我打电话。2）something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。例如：Would you like something to eat?你想要吃的东西吗？3）不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如：Nothing can make me cry.什么也不能使我哭。‎ something，anything与nothing 观察下面四个例句，思考something, anything和nothing的区别，然后补全“思考”和“结论”中所缺内容。 ‎ A. The boy has something to tell you. 这个男孩有事要告诉你。‎ B. Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper? ‎ 今天报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗？ ‎ C. The teacher didn’t say anything in class.这位老师上课时什么也没说。 ‎ D. The teacher said nothing in class.      这位老师上课时什么也没说。 ‎ ‎【思考】  ‎ ‎ A句是肯定句，用的是 ___________ ；B句是一般疑问句，C句是否定句，‎ 两句用的是_______________；D句和C句是同义句，D句用的是nothing，此句表示否定意义。  （something; anything ）‎ ‎【结论】 ‎ ‎1. something多用在____________ 句中；anything多用在 ___________句或疑问句中。nothing意为“什么也没有”，是表示否定的不定代词，相当于_________。 ‎ ‎2. ___________也可以用在表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答的句子中。例如： Would you like something to eat?  你想要点吃的吗？‎ ‎3. 从B句中的anything interesting可以看出，当有形容词修饰这些不定代词时，形容词要位于不定代词___________ (填“之前”或“之后”)。 ‎ ‎（1. 肯定；否定；not ... anything   2. something    3. 之后 ）‎ ‎【运用】 ‎ 选用something, anything或nothing填空。 ‎ ‎1. Lingling, come here, please. I have ____________ to tell you.  ‎ ‎2. We looked around, and didn’t find ____________ .  ‎ ‎3. ______________ is difficult if you put all your heart into it.    ‎ ‎（1. something   2. anything   3. Nothing  ）‎ ‎4.My sister finished high school two years ago.我姐姐（妹妹）两周前中学毕业了。‎ ‎【重点注释】①小学：primary school，elementary school，grade school；中学：‎ middle school(统称)，junior high school(初中)，senior high school(高中)。‎ ‎②★high形容词，意为“高级的；重要的”。例如：I knew him in high school.我在中学时代就认识他了。He is a high official.他是个高级官员。★high还可意为“高的”，强调物体高出地面的空间高度。例如：The table is two metres high.这张桌子两米高。The garden’s got very high walls.花园有很高的墙。The mountain is very high.这座山很高。★high还可作副词，主要修饰动词，意为“高地”。例如：He jumps high.他跳得高。‎ ‎【试题链接】Mount Qomolangma,“the roof of the world”,is about 8844.43 metres .‎ A.tall B.high C.highly D.height ‎（tall指人或物的高，不能指山脉的高；high可指物体的高，尤其指山脉的高；highly副词，意为“高度地”；height名词，意为“高度”。答案：B）‎ ‎③ago副词，以前，常用于“一段时间+ago”结构中，意为“……以前”，表示“现在以前的某个时间”，常用于一般过去时态，two days ago两天前，a month/year/week ago一个月/一年/一个周以前。例句：I visited my grandma three days ago.我三天前看望了我的奶奶。He left here five years ago.他五年前就离开这儿了。Two days ago I went to visit him.两天前我去拜访了他。【助记】ago的用法：立足现在往前算，ago出来挑重担。‎ ‎【辨析记忆】ago与before ago 副词 多用于时间段之后，不能单独使用，常与一般过去时态连用 The train left ten minutes ago.‎ 火车10分钟前离开了。‎ before 介词 后接时间点，谓语可用将来时、现在时 I’ll be back before 10 o’clock.‎ Please come to school before 8:00‎ 表示位置，意为“在……前面”‎ Don’t stand before me.‎ 表示顺序，意为“比……先，在……之前”‎ Spring comes before summer.‎ 春天先于夏天到来。‎ 连词 引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”，主句是一般将来时态时，从句用一般现在时 He will come to see you before he leaves Beijing.他离开北京之前会来看你。‎ ‎5.First,we took a long bus ride to a lake in the countryside.首先，我们搭乘一辆长途公共汽车来到乡下的一个湖（边）。‎ ‎【重点注释】ride此处是可数名词，意为“（乘车的）旅行，旅程”。 例如：He gave me a ride to the plaza.他让我搭车去市场。It’s only a 5-metre ride to the park by bus.乘坐公共汽车去公园仅需5分钟。It’s a twenty-minute train ride from here.从这里乘火车需要20分钟。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】1）ride作名词时，常用短语：★go for a +交通工具+ride =go for a ride on/in+a/an/the+交通工具“开/骑/坐(乘)……兜风”。例如：We went for a car ride.=We went for a ride in the car.我们去开(坐)车兜风了。we went for a ride on the horseback. 我们骑马。Shall we go for a ride in the car?我们开车兜一会儿风好吗? Let's go for a ride on horseback.我们出去骑马兜兜风吧。★have/take a ride“兜风”，have/take a ride on/in+a/an/the+交通工具= have/take a +交通工具+ride “骑/坐(乘)……兜风”。 例如：I had a ride on a horse for an hour.我骑了一个小时的马。He often takes a ride when he is free.当他有空时，他经常去兜风。He took a ride on a bus in the city.=He took a bus ride in the city.他乘公共汽车在市里兜了一圈。2）ride还可作动词，意为“骑（马等）；乘（车）”等。例如：Can you ride a bike?你会骑自行车吗？The boy is riding a horse.这个男孩正骑着马。He learned to ride a horse at the age of nine.他9岁时学会了骑马。‎ ‎6.There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.在那里，我们搭起帐篷，生火取暖并（在上面）做饭。‎ ‎【重点注释】①此处put是put的过去式，与原形put一样。（【思考】该句的否定句怎么变化呢？）put up此处是“搭起（建）”，还可意为“举起；张贴；建造（起）”，put up a tent搭建帐篷，put up hands举起手，put down放下(take off取下)，put off推迟/脱下（=take off脱下）。例如：Please put up your hand if you have any question.如果你有问题就请举手。Put down your guns and put up your hands.把枪放下，举起手来。The teacher put up a map of China on the wall.老师在墙上挂起了一张中国地图。You’d better put up a notice here.你最好在这儿贴一张通知。We’re going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。They put up many buildings last year.他们去年盖了许多楼。The meeting will be put off till next week.会议延期到下周。I put off my sweater after coming into the room . 我进屋后脱下毛线衫。‎ ‎②make a fire意为“生火”，句中made是make的过去式。例如：He went back home and made a fire.他回到家里，生起了火。‎ ‎③keep us warm意为“使得我们暖和；保持我们暖和”，keep意思是“使……处于某种状态（情况）”，在这种情况下，keep常跟复合结构（“keep+宾语+宾语补足语” ），意为“保持……”，其中宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语或现在分词等充当。例如：We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们应保持教室整洁干净。You’d better keep the child away from the fire.你最好让孩子离火远一点儿。The bad weather keeps us inside the house.坏天气使我们不能出门。Don’t keep me waiting for long.别让我等太久。He kept me waiting for an hour.他让我等了半个小时。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】keep用作不及物动词，意为“保持、继续（处于某种状态）”，keep为连系动词。例如：Please keep quiet.请保持安静。We’re keeping in very good health.我们身体非常好。‎ ‎④本句的主体部分是we put up tents and made a fire，其后的to keep us warm and cook food on表达的是made a fire的目的，即make a fire是为了取暖和做饭，动词不定式短语to keep us warm在句中作目的状语，表示目的（课本P.17：So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to(go to)school.）。句末介词on后有所省略（on a fire），以避免重复。‎ ‎【试题链接】We can make a fire the room warm so that you can chat for a while.‎ A.to keep B.keeping C.keep D.kept ‎（句意为：“我们可以生火来保持房间暖和，以便你们可以聊一会儿”。此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。答案：A）‎ ‎【拓展记忆】课本原句“…made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.”=“…made a fire to keep us warm and to cook food on a fire.”，意思是：生火的目的是取暖和做饭，而做饭是在火上做。课本中to keep…和（to ）cook…都是make a fire的目的，句中省略了to 和a fire，以避免重复。试分析下题：Why don’t you write?Sorry,I have no pen . A.to write B.to write on C.to write with （答案选C。 这是一个动词回头现象。意思是“我没有钢笔写字”，pen既做have的宾语又做write的宾语。用笔写是“write with the pen”，不能说成“write the pen”。在动词回头中省略掉第二个重复的宾语（the pen），所以选C。）【思考】为什么有的动词后加介词，有的不加介词呢？主要看to后的动词是否及物，不及物动词加名词前要先加一个介词（get to Beijing/arrive in Beijing/run to school/come to Rizhao……）。例如：I have a small room to live in.我有个小房间住。（注意有in） He is a pleasant fellow to work with . 他是个很好共事的人。（注意有in） I have a lot of things to do.（这个句子中不定式的动词do是及物的，不用加介词。）‎ ‎7.On the first night,we just sat under the moon and told each other stories.在第一天晚上，我们就坐在月光下，互相讲故事。‎ ‎【重点注释】①on the first night意为“在第一天晚上；在头一天夜里”，表示“在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上” 等的特定时间，常用介词on，而只说“在夜里”是“at night”，在上午“in the morning”，在下午“in the afternoon”，在晚上“in the evening”。例如：On the evening of October 10th，she got a special gift.在10月10日的晚上，她得到了一件特别的礼物。‎ ‎②each other意为“互相；相互；彼此”，相当于one another。英语中each other为代词，在及物动词之后可直接用作宾语；而在不及物动词之后，则要借助介词。例如：They helped each other.他们互相帮助。We liked each other a lot.我们彼此都很喜欢对方。We help each other and learn from each ‎ other.我们互相帮助，互相学习。We talked to each other.我们互相交谈。The students borrowed each other’s notes.学生们互借笔记。【注意】each other可加-’s构成所有格each other’s。‎ ‎8.But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.但是我太累了，所以早早就睡着了。‎ ‎【重点注释】so…that…“如此……以至于……；太……以致……”，引导结果状语从句，其中so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词；so后跟形容词或副词，that后跟从句（句子）。常用句型有两种：(1)主语+谓语+so+形容词或副词+that从句。例如：He is so young that he can’t look after himself.他是如此年轻，以至于他不能照看自己。He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.他非常生气，以至于一句话也说不出来。The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.男孩跑得如此快，以至于我追不上他。I was so tired that I went to bed as soon as I ate the supper.我太累了，以致我一吃完晚饭就去睡觉了。She is so beautiful that many people like her.她太漂亮了以致很多人喜欢她。The coffee is so hot that I can't drink now.咖啡太热了以致于我现在不能喝。The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.男人太强壮了以致他可以抬起这个重箱子。He was so clever that he can understand what I siad.他太聪明了以致他可以理解我讲了什么。The box is so light that he can carry it.箱子太轻了以致他能背起它。(2)主语+谓语+so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。例如：She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.展览是那么好，结果我去看了好几次。It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。‎ ‎【试题链接】The soccer match was exciting that everyone was cheering and jumping.‎ A.very B.so C.too D.to ‎（句意为“这场足球赛是如此令人兴奋，以至于每个人都在欢呼跳跃”。“如此……以致……”用“so…that…”来表示。答案：B）‎ ‎【试题链接】Zhou Libo is Shanghai’s favourite funny man.He is good at making people laugh.His lively shows were hot that tickets sold out in minutes.‎ A.very B.too C.such D.so ‎（句中的句型为so…that…，意为“如此……以至于……”，so用来修饰形容词或副词，such也构成这一巨型，但such用来修饰名词。答案：D）‎ ‎9.The next morning,my sister and I got a terrible surprise.第二天早上，我和我的姐姐大吃一惊。‎ ‎【重点注释】①辨析：the next morning与next morning the next morning ‎“第二天早上”，是以过去或将来某一时间为起点的第二天早上 We started the next morning.‎ 第二天早上，我们出发了。‎ next morning ‎“明天早上”，是以现在为起点的第二天早上 We will visit him next morning.我们明天早上会去看望他。‎ ‎②get a surprise意为“吃惊”，其中surprise为可数名词，意为“惊奇；惊讶”，表示“令人吃惊的事物”。例如：And that is a surprise.这是一个惊喜地发现。My father will give me a surprise on my birthday.我父亲会在我生日那天给我一份惊喜。I got a surprise when I saw the ball.一看账单我吃了一惊。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】1）surprise还可作不可数名词，意为“惊奇，吃惊”，表示“惊讶”，常用短语为：get a surprise吃惊，in surprise吃惊地，to one’s surprise令（使）某人吃惊的是（one’s需用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格）。例如：The students ‎ looked at the teacher in surprise.学生们惊奇地看着老师。She jumped up in surprise.她惊讶地跳了起来。To my surprise,he didn’t pass the exam.使我吃惊的是，他考试没及格。To my surprise,you speak English so well.令我惊讶的是，你英语讲得这么好。To the teacher’s surprise,he can sing the ABC song.使老师惊奇的是，他会唱字母歌。To my parents’ surprise,I was back home early。是我父母惊奇的是，我早回家了。2）surprise可作及物动词，意为“使吃惊，使惊奇”，surprise sb.使某人吃惊。例如：The news surprised Mike.那则新闻使迈克很吃惊。The news surprised me.这消息使我感到惊奇。‎ ‎【辨析记忆】surprise，surprised与surprising surprise 名词 惊奇，惊讶 Bill looked at him in surprise.‎ 动词 使……感到吃惊 The news surprised us.‎ surprised 形容词 感到惊讶的，形容人 We are surprised at the surprising news.我们对这则惊人的新闻感到惊讶。‎ surprising 形容词 令人惊奇的，形容事物 ‎【试题链接】We looked at each other surprise when we heard a bird singing“Happy birthday to you”.‎ A.in B.to C.by D.at ‎（句意为“当我们听到一只鸟在唱‘祝你生日快乐’时，我们互相惊讶地看了看”。in surprise意为“惊讶地，惊奇地”。答案：A）‎ ‎10.When we looked out of our tent,we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.当我们向我们的帐篷外看时，我们看见一条大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。‎ ‎【重点注释】①look out of意为“朝/向……外看”，out of为动态介词，表示“从……里面向外”，反义词是into，意思是“进入，到……里”。例如：Don’t look out of the window.别向窗外看。Please don’t look out of the window in class.上课期间请不要向窗外看。I’m looking into the house.我正往房子里看。She came into the house.她走进了房间。【拓展】look out意为“当心；小心”。例如：Look out!Here comes the car.小心！小汽车来了。‎ ‎②see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示看到动作正在发生，强调动作的连续性，进行性；see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事了”，表示看见某人做某事的全过程，强调动作的完整性，真实性。例如：I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调“我见他正干活”这个动作） I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调“我看见了”这个事实） I saw her playing basketball on the playground.我看见她正在操场上打篮球。I saw him go into the shop.我看见他走进了商店。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】像see这样的感官动词还有hear，watch，feel等，他们都可以跟doing或do(省to的动词不定式)作宾语补足语。‎ ‎【试题链接】I saw Li Ming near the river on my way home.‎ A.plays B.playing C.to play D.played ‎（句意：我在回家的路上，看到李明正在河附近玩。“看见某人正在做某事”用see sb.doing sth.表示。答案：B）‎ ‎11.I was so scared that I couldn’t move.我是那么害怕，一动都不敢动。‎ ‎【重点注释】①scared为形容词，意为“惊慌的；吓坏了的”，相当于afraid。scared是由动词scare变化而来的，指某物或人使你感到“恐惧的，害怕的”，主语是感受到恐惧的这个人。常用短语：be scared of害怕……，be seared to do sth.害怕做某事。例如：Why are you so scared?你为什么如此害怕？I was too scared to ‎ move.我吓得动弹不得。He was scared of snakes.他害怕蛇。The little girl is scared to cross the road.这个小女孩害怕过马路。‎ ‎【辨析记忆】scared，scare与scary scared 形容词 惊慌的，吓坏了的 I felt scared because of the big dog.‎ scare 动词 使恐惧 The terrible movie scared me.‎ scary 形容词 吓人的 The movie is really scary.‎ ‎②move此处作不及物动词，意为“移动”，后接地点名词作宾语时，需带介词to，表示“搬到……”。Don’t move，or you’ll be in danger!不要动，否则你会有危险。We’re moving to Shanghai.我们要搬到上海去。My family moved to Beijing two years ago.两年前，我们全家搬到了北京。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】move还可用作及物动词，意为“移动；搬动”。例如：Move the chair to the room,please.请把椅子移到房间里。‎ ‎12.We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger.我们对父母大声叫喊，想（以便）让他们知道我们的危险（险情）。‎ ‎【重点注释】①shout to意为“呼喊；喊叫”。 例如：We shouted to the driver,but she didn’t hear us.我们大声向司机喊，但她没听见。（参见Unit 12 Section A课文全析【重点注释】15）‎ ‎【辨析记忆】shout to与shout at shout to 一般指因距离过远而不得不大声叫喊让别人听见，无感情因素 It’s too noisy here.You should shout to him.这儿太吵了，你应该大点声跟他说。‎ shout at 多指因为生气、愤怒或其他原因等而对某人大喊大叫 Don’t shout at me.别对我大吼大叫。‎ ‎②let sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，其中let为使役动词，其后需接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。其否定形式可表示为let sb.not do sth.或don’t let sb.do sth.，意为“不让某人做某事”。例如：Let him mome here at once.让他立刻到这儿来。Let him not come in.别让他进来。His parents don’t let him watch TV.他家长不让他看电视。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】在let,make,have等使役动词后面应跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如：What makes you think I’m a farmer?什么使你觉得我是一个农民？I will have my brother repair the radio for you.我会让哥哥给你修理收音机。‎ ‎【试题链接】China plans to let tourists the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea this year.‎ A.visit B.visits C.visiting D.visited ‎（句意：中国今年计划让游客们参观在南海的西沙群岛。Let sb.do sth.表示“让某人做某事”。答案：A）‎ ‎13.My dad started to jump up and down in their tent.我爸爸开始在他们的帐篷内上下跳跃。‎ ‎【重点注释】①start此处作及物动词，意为“开始；着手”，作“开始”讲时相当于bigin。start表示开始某一动作时，后面跟动词不定式或动名词所表达的意思基本相同，start to do/doing sth.因为“开始干某事”。例如：The child started to cry/crying.那个小孩开始哭了。The birds started to sing/singing at sunrise.鸟儿在黎明时开始歌唱。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】start的其他用法：1）start可作不及物动词，意为“动身；出发”‎ ‎，例如：We started at six.我们是六点出发的。He started for American last week.他上周动身去美国了。2）start with意为“以……开始；从……开始”。例如：Our lesson started with an English song.我们的课是以一首英文歌曲开始的。Let’s start with the first line.我们从第一行开始吧。‎ ‎②jump此处作不及物动词，意为“跳跃”。它还可作及物动词。例如：She jumped when she heard the news.她听到那条消息时跳了起来。The fox jumped over the wall and ran away.狐狸跳过墙跑了。The naughty boy jumped down the wall and got hurt.那个淘气的男孩跳下墙，受伤了。The thief jumped onto the train and ran away.小偷跳上火车，逃跑了。‎ ‎【拓展记忆】1）jump的常见短语：jump into跳入，jump off跳离，jump over跳过，jump out of跳出。2）jump还可作可数名词，意为“跳”，high jump跳高，long jump跳远。‎ ‎③up and down意为“上上下下；到处；上下地”，在句中作状语，jump up and down意为“跳上跳下”。例如：He jumped up and down.他跳上跳下。He walked up and down in the room.他在房间里踱来踱去。He uses a lift to go up and down.他用电梯上上下下。‎ ‎14.This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.这样弄醒了蛇（这把蛇吵醒了）并且蛇移进了湖附近的森林里。‎ ‎【重点注释】此处woke是wake的过去式。wake及物动词，意为“弄醒，唤醒”。wake sb. up意为“把某人弄醒；吵醒某人；叫醒某人”，up是副词；wake up醒来，不跟宾语，单独用。wake sb. up的重点用法：当wake up的宾语是代词时，代词必须放在wake up的中间；当宾语是名词时，可放在wake up的中间或wake up的后面。例如：I can’t wake him up.我没法叫醒他。Lily is sleeping.Don’t wake her up.莉莉在睡觉。别吵醒她。Don’t wake Mary up.She is sleeping.不要把玛丽吵醒。她在睡觉。Please wake up Lucy at six o’clock.请在六点钟叫醒露西。【拓展】wake还可作不及物动词，意为“醒，醒来”。例如：The baby woke all the night.那个婴儿一夜都醒着。I woke early this morning.我今天早上醒得很早。Wake up!It’s eight o’clock.醒醒吧！已经八点钟了。‎ ‎15.What an interesting job they have!他们有一份多么有趣的工作啊！‎ ‎【重点注释】本句是what引导的感叹句。what引导的感叹句有下列三种句式：⑴What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！例如：What a useful book it is!它是一本多么有用的书啊！⑵What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！例如：What beautiful mountains they are!多么美丽的山啊！⑶What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！例如：What fine weather it is!多好的天气！‎ ‎【拓展记忆】how引导的感叹句结构：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How clever the dog is!这条狗多聪明呀！How fast he runs!他跑得多快呀！‎ ‎【巧记感叹句】感叹句，表情感，what/how放句前。‎ 名词词组用what，how后形副紧相连。‎ ‎【试题链接】 great picture！Who painted it?.‎ A.How B.What C.How a D.What a ‎（picture“图画”为可数名词单数，应用“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！”。答案：D）‎