浙教初一英语知识归纳与总结 6页

Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? ‎ 一．短语： ‎ ‎1 ．be from = come from 来自于---- ‎ ‎2． live in 居住在--- ‎ ‎3． on weekends 在周末 ‎ ‎4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 ‎ ‎5 ．in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国 ‎ ‎6．pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 ‎ ‎7．the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 ‎ ‎8．speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 ‎ ‎9．go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动 ‎ 二．重点句式： ‎ ‎1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ ‎ ‎2 Where does he live? ‎ ‎3 What language(s) does he speak? ‎ ‎4 I want a pen pal in China. ‎ ‎5 I can speak English and a little French. ‎ ‎6 Please write and tell me about yourself. ‎ ‎7 Can you write to me soon? ‎ ‎8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. ‎ 三．本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 ‎ ‎1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French ‎ ‎2 France------ French------French ‎ ‎3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese ‎ ‎4 Australia----Australian----- English ‎ ‎5 the United States------ American---- English ‎ ‎6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish ‎ Unit 2 Where’s the post office? ‎ 一． Asking ways: (问路) ‎ ‎1． Where is (the nearest) ……？ （最近的）……在哪里？ ‎ ‎2． Can you tell me the way to ……？ 你能告诉我去……的路吗？ ‎ ‎3． How can I get to ……？ 我怎样到达……呢？ ‎ ‎4． Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗？ ‎ ‎5． Which is the way to ……？ 哪条是去……的路？ ‎ 二．Showing the ways: （指路） ‎ ‎1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。 ‎ ‎2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。 ‎ ‎3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。 ‎ ‎4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。 ‎ ‎5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（You’d better+动词原形） ‎ 三．词组 ‎ ‎1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面 ‎ ‎2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市 ‎ ‎3. between……and…… 在……和……之间 ‎ between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间 ‎ among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间 ‎ ‎4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. ‎ 课室前面有棵树。 ‎ in the front of…… 在……（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. ‎ 课室内的前部有张桌子。 ‎ ‎5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面 ‎ ‎6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐 ‎ on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边 ‎ on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边 ‎ ‎7. go straight 一直走 ‎ ‎8. down /along…… 沿着……（街道） down/along Center Street 沿着中央街 ‎ ‎9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 ‎ ‎10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到…… ‎ ‎11. take /have a walk 散步 ‎ ‎12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端 ‎ at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端 ‎ in the beginning 起初，一开始 ‎ ‎13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快 ‎ 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. ‎ I had a good time yesterday. ‎ I enjoyed myself yesterday. ‎ ‎14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 ‎ ‎15. take a taxi 坐出租车 ‎ ‎16. 到达：get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家 ‎ arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. ‎ arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. ‎ reach +地方 ‎ ‎17．go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路 ‎ go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林 ‎ ‎18．on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street ‎ at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at ‎6 Center Street ‎ 三．重难点解析 ‎ ‎1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事 ‎ I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。 ‎ 到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing. ‎ I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。 ‎ ‎2．hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。 ‎ hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。 ‎ ‎（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。） ‎ ‎3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。 ‎ If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 ‎ If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. ‎ 如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。 ‎ 四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对 ‎ ‎1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small ‎ Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears? ‎ 一．重点词组 ‎ eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute ‎ play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals ‎ at night in the day every day during the day ‎ 二. 交际用语 ‎ ‎1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever. ‎ ‎2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting. ‎ ‎3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa. ‎ ‎4. What other animals do you like? ‎ I like dogs, too. ‎ Why? ‎ Because they’re friendly and clever. ‎ ‎5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass. ‎ ‎6. She’s very shy. ‎ ‎7. He is from Australia. ‎ ‎8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. ‎ ‎9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. ‎ ‎10．Let’s see the pandas first. ‎ ‎11．They’re kind of interesting. ‎ ‎12．What other animals do you like? ‎ ‎13．Why do you want to see the lions? ‎ 三. 重点难点释义 ‎ ‎1、kind of 有点，稍微 ‎ Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。 ‎ kind 还有“种类”的意思 ‎ 如：各种各样的 all kinds of ‎ We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school. ‎ ‎2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲 ‎ China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。 ‎ There are many kinds of tigers in China. ‎ There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa. ‎ ‎3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的 ‎ 它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。 ‎ The people in Chengdu are very friendly. ‎ ‎4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起 ‎ I usually play chess with my father. ‎ 注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时， ‎ 如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如： ‎ My father and I usually play chess together. ‎ Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…” ‎ I often play with my pet dog. ‎ Don’t play with water! ‎ ‎5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。 ‎ 通常说in the day, during the day, at night。 ‎ Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night. ‎ ‎6、leaf n. 叶子 ‎ 复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, ‎ knife—knives等。 ‎ ‎7、hour n. 小时；点钟 ‎ hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。 ‎ There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour. ‎ ‎8、be from 来自… ‎ be from = come from ‎ Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China. ‎ ‎9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修 ‎ 饰，即：much meat ‎ He eats much meat every day. ‎ ‎10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。 ‎ There is much grass on the playground. ‎ 四. 语法知识 ‎ 特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。 ‎ 特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况： ‎ ‎1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如： ‎ What’s your grandfather’s telephone number? 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？ ‎ Who is that boy with big eyes? 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？ ‎ Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？ ‎ When is he going to play the piano? 他什么时候弹钢琴？ ‎ Where does he live? 他住在哪儿？ ‎ How are you? 你好吗？ ‎ How old are you? 你多大了？ ‎ How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有几个兄弟姐妹？ ‎ ‎2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如： ‎ Who is on duty today? ‎ 今天谁值日？ ‎ Which man is your teacher? ‎ 哪位男士是你的老师？ ‎ 我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。 ‎ 例如： ‎ I like English. What/How about you? 我喜欢英语。你呢？ ‎ What about playing basketball? 打篮球怎么样？ ‎ Unit 4 I want to be an actor. ‎ 一．短语： ‎ ‎1 want to do sth 想要作某事 ‎ ‎2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人 ‎ ‎3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home. ‎ ‎4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home ‎ ‎5 in‎ the day 在白天 ‎ ‎6 at night 在晚上 ‎ ‎7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话 ‎ ‎8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher. ‎ ‎9 in‎ a hospital 在医院l ‎ ‎10 work/ study hard 努力工作 ‎ ‎11 Evening Newspaper 晚报 ‎ 二．重点句式及注意事项： ‎ ‎1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式 ‎ ‎① What + is / are + sb? ‎ ‎② What + does/ do + sb + do? ‎ ‎③ What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job? ‎ ‎2 People give me their money or get their money from me. ‎ ‎3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night. ‎ ‎4 I like talking to people. ‎ ‎5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners. ‎ ‎6 Where does your sister work? ‎ ‎7 then we have a job for you as a waiter. ‎ ‎8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter. ‎ ‎9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends? ‎ ‎10 We are an international school for children of 5-12. ‎ 三． 本单元中的名词复数。 ‎ ‎1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves