初二英语语法形容词比较级专项练习 12页

初二英语语法形容词比较级专项练习 一、写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：‎ ‎　　long _________ ______　　 wide _______ _______ 　　　thin _________ _______‎ ‎　　heavy ________ ______ 　　slow _______ _______　　　 few___________ _______‎ ‎　　short ________ ______ 　　badly ______ _______　　　 far __________ _______‎ ‎　　quickly ______ ______　　 happy ______ _______　　　 careful ______ _______‎ ‎　　二、用所给词的正确形式填空：‎ ‎　　1. She will be much ______ (happy) in her new class.‎ ‎　　2. The short one is _______ (useful) of the five.‎ ‎　　3. His sister is two years _______ (young) than him.‎ ‎　　4. This ruler is twice as ______ (long) as that.‎ ‎　　5. The _____ (cheap) bags are usually the best ones.‎ ‎　　6. Gold(黄金) is much ______ (expensive)than iron(铁).‎ ‎　　7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.‎ ‎　　8. Jack sings _____ (well), he sings ______(well) than Tom, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.‎ ‎　　9. Of the three girls, I find Lucy is _______ (clever).‎ ‎　　10. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is _____ (young) child.‎ ‎　　三、选择填空：‎ ‎　　1.It is _____ today than yesterday.‎ ‎　　A. hot 　　　　B. more hot 　　　　C. hotter 　　　　D. much hot ‎　　2. This line is ____ than that one.‎ ‎　　A. not longer 　　　　　　　　B. more longer ‎　　C. much more longer　　　　　 D. many more longer ‎　　3. Of the five toys, the child chose_____.‎ ‎　　A. the expensive one 　　　　　B. one most expensive ‎　　C. a least expensive 　　　　　D. the most expensive one ‎　　4. Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk?‎ ‎　　A. the best 　　　B. better 　　　C. the better　　　　 D. best ‎　　5. They bet to see who could run _____ in the sports meeting.‎ ‎　　A. the fastest　　　 B. the faster 　　　C. fastest　　　　 D. faster ‎　　6. This book is ____ of all.‎ ‎　　A. thinner 　　　B. the thinner 　　　C. more thinner　　　 D. the thinnest ‎　　7. She looks _____ than she really is.‎ ‎　　A. the more younger 　B. much younger C. very younger 　D. more younger ‎8. Our country is becoming ______.‎ ‎　　A. more beautiful and more 　　　　　B. more beautiful and beautiful ‎　　C. more and more beautiful 　　　　　D. more beautiful and beautifuler ‎　　9. The earth is _____ the moon.‎ ‎　　A. 49 times as big as　　　　　　 B. 49 times as bigger as ‎　　C. as 49 times big as　　　　　　 D. as big as 49 times ‎　　10. This kind of drink is different ______.‎ ‎　　A. and it is also better　　　　　　B. and better than the other ‎　　C. but also than others 　　　　　　D. from the other, and better ‎　　四、翻译句子：‎ ‎　　1、他比我大两岁。‎ ‎　　He is _____ ______ ______ than I.‎ ‎　　2、今天比昨天冷得多。‎ ‎　　It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.‎ ‎　　3、这个故事不如那个有趣。‎ ‎　　This story is _____ _____ _____ as that one.‎ ‎　　4、她的身体一天天好起来。‎ ‎　　He is getting _____ ______ ______ every day.‎ ‎　　5、他对英语越来越感兴趣。‎ ‎　　He is becoming ______ ______ _______ ______ ______ English.‎ ‎　　6、他吃的越多，就越胖。‎ ‎　　The ______ he eats, the _______ he is.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎　　一、写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：‎ ‎　　longer, longest; 　　wider, widest; 　　thinner, thinnest;　　 heavier, heaviest;　slower, slowest; 　　fewer, fewest; 　　shorter, shortest; 　　worse, worst;farther, farthest; 　more quickly, most quickly; 　　　happier, happiest; more careful, most careful ‎　　二、用所给词的正确形式填空：1. happier　　　　　2. the most useful　　 3. younger 　　　　　　4. long 　　5. cheapest6. more expensive 　7. interesting 　　　　8. well, better, best　9. the cleverest　10. the youngest ‎　　三、选择填空：　1. C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 　　6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D ‎　　四、翻译句子：1. two years older　　2. much colder, than 3. not so interesting 　　　　　　4. better and better　5. more and more interesting in 　6. more, fatter 一、形容词的一般用法 ‎　　1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。‎ ‎　　例如，It’s a cold and windy day.‎ ‎　　2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。‎ ‎　　例如，He looks happy today.‎ ‎　　3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。‎ ‎　　例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ ‎ ‎　　4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。‎ ‎　　例如，How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.‎ ‎　　5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的 ‎　　例如，The man is ill.(正)‎ ‎　　The ill man is my uncle.(误)‎ ‎　　6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的 ‎　　例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)‎ ‎　　My brother is elder. (误)‎ ‎　　7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的 ‎　　8.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的。‎ ‎　　二、多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：‎ ‎　　限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词 ‎　　A small round table一张小圆桌 ‎　　A tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物 ‎　　A dirty old black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 ‎　　A famous American medical school一个非常著名的美国医学院 ‎　　三、形容词常用句型 ‎　　1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。‎ ‎　　注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。‎ ‎　　例如，It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我，真好。‎ ‎　　It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话，真粗鲁。‎ ‎　　It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。‎ ‎　　2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。‎ ‎　　注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。‎ ‎　　例如，It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。‎ ‎　　It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。‎ ‎　　It’s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。‎ ‎　　3.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad(高兴的)，pleased(高兴的)，sad(忧伤的)，thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。‎ ‎　　例如，Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。‎ ‎　　I’m very sad to hear the bad news.听到这个坏新闻，我非常难过。‎ ‎　　4.表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready(乐意的，有准备的)，able(有能力的)，sure(一定)，certain(一定)等常接不定式。‎ ‎　　例如，Lei Feng is always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人。‎ ‎　　He is sure to get to school on time.他一定会按时到校。‎ 一、副词的分类 ‎　　副词按词汇意义可分为：‎ ‎　　方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly ‎　　程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite ‎　　地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，‎ ‎　　时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still ‎　　频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never ‎　否定副词：no，not，neither，nor，疑问副词：where，how，why ‎　　其他：also，too，only ‎　　二、副词的基本用法：‎ ‎　　副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。‎ ‎　　例如，1.We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。‎ ‎2.He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。3.“What happened？”I asked，rather angrily.“发生什么事情了？”我相当生气地问。4. In spring，I can see flowers everywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。‎ ‎　　三、常见副词用法辨析 ‎　　1.already与yet的区别 ‎　　already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”‎ ‎　　例如，He had already left when I called.当我给他打电话时，他已经离开了。‎ ‎　　Have you found your ruler yet？你已经找到你的尺子了吗？‎ ‎　　I haven’t finished my homework yet.我还没有完成作业。‎ ‎　　注意：already还可以表示惊奇，惊讶等语气，常用于疑问句句末 ‎　　例如：Has your son gone to school already？你的儿子已经上学了吗？(表示很惊讶)‎ ‎　　2 very，much和very much.的区别 ‎　　very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.例如，John is very honest.约翰非常诚实。‎ ‎　　This garden is much bigger than that one.这个花园比那个大的多。‎ ‎　　Thank you very much.非常感谢你 ‎　　3.so与such的区别 ‎　　⑴so修饰形容词或副词;such 修饰名词，‎ ‎　　例如，My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。‎ ‎　　He is such a boy.他是一个这样的孩子。‎ ‎　　⑵so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词，其结构是“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”.‎ ‎　　such可以修饰可数名词单复数和不可数名词，名词前可以有形容词作定语，其结构是“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，“such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”，‎ ‎　 例如，He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪明的孩子。‎ ‎　　It is such cold weather.这么冷的天气。(正)‎ ‎　　It is so cold weather.(误)‎ ‎　　They are such good students. 他们是那么好的学生。(正)‎ ‎　　They are so good students. (误)‎ ‎　⑶如果可数名词复数前有many，few或不可数名词前有much，little修饰，用so不用such.　例如，so many(如此多的)；so few(如此少的)可以加可数名词复数 so much(如此多的)；so little(如此少的)可以加不可数名词 ‎ ‎　4.also，too，as well与either 的区别 ‎　　also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。‎ ‎　　例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.‎ ‎　=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，too.我爸爸是一名老师，我妈妈也是。　I can’t speak French.. Jenny can’t speak French，either.我不会说法语，詹妮也不会。‎ ‎　　5.sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别 ‎　　sometime：某一时间，某一时刻，可指将来时，也可指过去时 sometimes：有时，不时的some time：一段时间　some times：几次，几倍 例如，We’ll have a test sometime next month.下个月的某一时间，我们要进行一次测试。Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有时我们很忙，有时不忙。‎ He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段时间。‎ I have been to Beijing some times.我去过北京好几次。‎ ‎　　6.ago与before的区别 ‎　　ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。‎ before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。‎ ‎　　例如，I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分钟之前看到的他。‎ ‎　　He told me that he had seen the film before.他告诉我他以前看过这场电影。‎ ‎　　7.now，just与just now的区别 ‎　　now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”‎ ‎　　just：与现在完成时、过去完成时连用，表示“刚……”‎ ‎　　just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”‎ ‎　　. 例如，Where does he live now？他现在住哪里？‎ ‎　　We have just seen the film. 我们刚看过这场电影。‎ ‎　　He was here just now. 他刚才在这里。‎ Ⅲ、形容词，副词的比较级、最高级 ‎　　一、规则变化 ‎　　1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest ‎　　2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest ‎　　3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest ‎　　4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest ‎　　5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ‎　Ⅳ形容词，副词　等级的用法一、原级的用法 ‎　　1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too ‎　　例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。‎ ‎　　My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。‎ ‎　　2.原级常用的句型结构 ‎　　(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”‎ ‎　　例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。‎ ‎　　Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。‎ ‎　　“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”‎ ‎　　例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。‎ ‎　　Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。‎ ‎　　(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…‎ ‎　　例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。‎ ‎　　“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…‎ ‎　　例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。‎ ‎　　二、比较级的用法 ‎　　1.可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿 ‎　　even甚至，still仍然 ‎　　例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。‎ ‎　　Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。‎ ‎　　This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。‎ ‎　　She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。‎ ‎　　2.比较级常用的句型结构 ‎　　(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”‎ ‎　　例如，Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。‎ ‎　　This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。‎ ‎　　“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”‎ ‎　　例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。‎ ‎　　He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。‎ ‎　　(2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。‎ ‎　　例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.‎ ‎　　=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。‎ ‎　　=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。‎ ‎　　=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。‎ ‎　　注意：The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。‎ ‎　　“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。‎ ‎　　例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.‎ ‎　　= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。‎ ‎　　= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。‎ ‎　　= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。‎ ‎　　注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班)‎ ‎　　(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。‎ ‎　　例如，Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。‎ ‎　　(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。‎ ‎　　例如，He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。‎ ‎　　The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。‎ ‎　　He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。‎ ‎　　(5)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。‎ ‎　　例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少。‎ ‎　　(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”‎ ‎　　例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？‎ ‎　　“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？”‎ ‎　　例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？‎ ‎　　3.最高级常用句型结构 ‎　　(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。‎ ‎　　例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。‎ ‎　　This apple is the biggest of the five.这个 ‎ 窗体顶端 窗体底端 苹果是五个当中最大的。‎ ‎　　“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。‎ ‎　　例如，I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。‎ ‎　　(2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。‎ ‎　　例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。‎ ‎　　(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。‎ ‎　　例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？‎ ‎　　“特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较 ‎　　例如，Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？‎