牛津译林版初二英语上册 Unit6 重要知识点 5页

牛津译林版初二英语上册 Unit6 重要知识点 ‎【welcome】‎ 1. encourage ab (not) to do sth鼓励某人（不）做某事 encouragement n.鼓励 2. show vt.出示，展示 show sb sth=show sth to sb ‎ n. 展览，表演 on show展览，展出 talent show 才艺表演 ‎3.describe vt.描述→description n.描述 the description of... ...的描述 ‎4.broad adj.宽的，宽大的 ‎ broad 既可以表示物体的宽度，也可以表示心胸开阔，侧重指面积广阔或表示人的肩膀和胸宽厚。‎ wide 强调从一边到另一边的距离，表示河流、街道、道路的宽度。‎ 5. how many对there be句型中的数量提问。‎ ‎→How many+可名复+are there+地点/时间状语？‎ how many 用来提问可数名词的数量 how much 用来提问不可数名词的数量或价格 6. type n.种类 = kind all types of....各种各样的 ‎ vi.打字 ‎【reading】‎ 1. provide vt.提供 provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 ‎ vi. provide for sb.为某人提供生活所需 2. all year round = all the year round 一年到头 3. while 连词“然而”，用于表示两种情况，活动等之间的差别，表示对比，可用于句首和句中。‎ 4. stay n.逗留，停留 for a short stay=stay for a short time 作短暂的停留 ‎ vi.（短暂的）停留 live(长时间)居住 ‎5.There are not many cranes left in the world,and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong.‎ There be...left. “还剩下....” ‎ ‎[ per cent ] “百分之...”（美：percent） “数值+per cent+名词”占...的百分之...‎ ‎ 作主语时，名词为单数/不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；‎ 名词为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ eg: Nearly 70 per cent of water is polluted.‎ ‎ 50 per cent of the students go to school by bike in this school.‎ 5. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.‎ in order to “以便，为的是” 否定形式：in order not to ‎ ‎（in order(not) to 和so that引导目的状语从句时，可以互换。）‎ space n.空间 make space for... 为..腾出空间 = make room for...‎ ‎ n.太空 in space 在太空中 ‎6. lead to “导致” +名词/代词/v-ing 反义：more and more ‎ “（道路等）通往” All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。‎反义：more and more ‎7.less and less+不可数名词 ‎ fewer and fewer+可数名词 ‎8.Moreover,fishermen keep fishing there.‎ moreover adv.此外 =besides keep doing sth不停地做某事 keep sb doing sth让某人一直做某事 9. enough adj.足够的，充分的 enough+n.‎ ‎ adv.足够地，充分地 adj./adv.+enough(for sb) to do sth 10. Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.‎ has made→have done现在完成时：表示动作发生在过去（不与过去的具体时间连用），强调对现在造成的影响。常与many times;just,yet,ever,never,already等连用。‎ ‎[ prevent ] vt.防止，预防；阻止 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ‎=stop/keep sb from doing sth. ‎ 11. record vt.记录 ‎ ‎ n.记录 keep a record of... 记录...‎ ‎ (尤指运动中最高或最低的)记录 break a record打破纪录 ‎ set a record创造记录 ‎ keep/hold a record保持记录 12. change n.变化（可数）‎ ‎ n.零钱，找头（不可数） ‎ ‎ vt.改变 change A into B 把A变成B change A for B用A换B ‎ change one’s mind改变某人的想法 13. tour--tourist 后缀-ist表示“...的人”，类似的还有art--artist scient--scientist 14. important--importance n.重要性 the importance of... ...的重要性 15. Studying Zhalong helps us learn about protecting wildlife.‎ 动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ 动名词（短语）还可以在句中作表语，宾语，定语等。‎ Seeing is believing.眼见为实。‎ ‎【grammar】‎ 1. write down写下，记下（名随代中）‎ 2. Mr Wu agreed to let me join their school trip.‎ agree to+提议/计划/建议等词 agree to do sth同意做某事 agree sb (not) to do sth同意某人（不）做某事 agree with sb同意某人的建议 +表示人/建议的词 agree on/upon指双方经过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议 3. She saw a baby panda drink her mother’s milk.‎ see sb do sth看见某人做某事（常与often等词连用，表示经常看见或者看见了动作的全过程）‎ see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事（表示看到的时候动作正在进行）‎ 4. ‎◎动词不定式作目的状语 英语中的动词不定式具有副词的功能，可以在句中作目的的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的。‎ We’ll go to the park to watch the flower show.‎ The Chinese government makes laws to protect wild animals.‎ 清楚或对目的加以强调，还可以在为了使表达更加动词前面用in order to(即可放句首也可以放句尾)。‎ We do after-school activities every day in order to keep healthy.‎ ‎=In order to keep healthy we do after-school activities every day.‎ 1. ‎◎动词不定式作宾语补足语 ‎ 我们可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语，有带to和不带to两种形式。‎ 分类 常用动词 带to tell，ask，want，would like，order，invite，get，allow，wish，encourage，advise，need，like，love,hate，teach等 The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.‎ 老师告诉我们明天早一点来。‎ Her parents wish her to be a teacher.‎ 她的父母希望她成为一名教师。‎ 不带to 一感（feel）二听(hear，listen to)三使（let,have,make）四看(see,watch,notice,look at)‎ Let the boy go out now.‎ That boy made the baby cry.‎ My mother often listens to me play the piano.,‎ ‎[ 注意 ] ‎ ‎①动词help后接不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式可以带to也可以不带to。‎ Children should help their parents（to）do the housework.‎ ‎②动词不定式的否定形式是仔原来的不定式前面加not.(not to do/not do) ‎ The teacher told us not to copy others’ homework.‎ I want to make the little not cry.‎ We will ask Helen________(help)us with our English.‎ Mum couldn’t stand the mess in my room,so she asked me________(clean)it right now.‎ Every time I travel,I carry a camera_________(take) photos.‎ Yesterday was cold,so we put on more clothes _________-(keep)warm.‎ We decided ________(visit)the Great Wall this summer holiday.‎ He often helps me________(clean )the room.‎ You can’t let the boy________(stand) in the sun.‎ ‎【integrated skills】 ‎ 1. cover ①vt.覆盖 cover A with B 用B覆盖A ‎ Don’t cover your mouth with your hand.不要用你的手捂住嘴。‎ cover an area of....占地面积为....‎ ‎ Our school covers an area of 20 hectares.我们学校占地面积为20公顷。‎ be covered with.... 被...覆盖 ‎ ②n.封面 the cover of... ...的封面 2. Yancheng is the second largest home to red-crowned cranes in China.‎ the second largest第二大 the+序数词+形容词的最高级 3. kind ①n.种类 different kinds of.... 不同种类的 ‎ a kind of...一种...‎ ‎ all kinds of... 各种各样的 ‎ ②adj.仁慈的；宽容的 --kindness n.仁慈；宽容 ‎ ③ kind of+adj./adv.原形 “稍微，有点儿” ‎ ‎ The room is kind of small.这个房间有点小。‎ 1. All right. ①同意对方的命令，请求，建议或安排“好的；可以；没问题”‎ ‎ ②问候别人或回答别人的问候“很好”‎ ‎ ③用在一般疑问句中，表示征求对方意见或请求对方允许“行吗，可以吗”‎ ‎ ④表示对某人或某事物的看法，感觉或印象等，“可以；不错”‎ 2. 复合不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词+else Would you like something else to drink?‎ Who else will go to the meeting?‎ We went to the park and nowhere else.我们去了公园，其他什么地方都没去。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【study skills】‎ ‎1.有些可以加词尾-er / -or变成指执行某一特殊动作 加-er 加—or clean—cleaner 清洁工人 act—-actor  男演员 dance——dancer舞者 collect—-collector收藏家 describe——describer描述者/制图人 edit—-editor编辑 drive——driver驾驶员 invent—-inventor发明人 explore—-explorer 探险家 operate—-operator操作员 farm——farmer农民/农夫 translate—-translator翻译家 heal——healer医治人 visit—visitor访问者,来宾 learn——learner学习者 own——owner所有者/业主 ‎3.....include(s)....‎ ‎..... , including......‎ paint——painter画家/画匠 play——player比赛者，选手 rob—robber强盗 run——runner奔跑者,信使 sing—singer歌手 speak——speaker 说话人，演讲者 surf—surfer冲浪者 teach——teacher 教师 think——thinker思想家 travel—traveler旅行者 wait——waiter侍者,服务员 win—winner优胜者 write——writer作者,作家 ‎【task】‎ 1. be interested in (doing) sth 对（做）某事感兴趣 interest 不可数名词 ‎“兴趣” take (an) interest in....‎ 动词 ‎“使感兴趣，引起...的注意”，主语多为事或物 interested 形容词 修饰人 sb be/get/become interested in ...‎ interesting 形容词 修饰事/物 sth be interesting 2. introduce vt.介绍 introduce sb to sb向某人介绍某人 ‎ introduce oneself自我介绍 ‎→introduction n.介绍，引见（可数）‎ 3. nature n.自然界，大自然 → natural adj.自然的，天然的 1. call ab on/at+电话号码 拨打...(号码)找某人 call+电话号码 打...（号码）‎ 2. email sb at+邮箱地址 给某人发送邮件至....（邮箱）‎ 3. 作文 体裁：应用文 话题：保护鸟类 ‎ 时态：一般现在时 人称：第一人称 段落布局 ‎ 开头：提出申请 I’m writing to tell you that I’d like to be a....‎ 主体：自我介绍 Please let me introduce myself first.‎ ‎ My name is...I’m a.....My favourite subjects are....i’m very interested in...‎ ‎ I think it is meaningful to...‎ 结尾：表达愿望 I will be very happy if I ...You can call me on....(email me at....)‎