2020八年级英语上册 Unit 4 Our World句式精讲精练 （新版）仁爱版 8页

Unit 4 Our World 句式精讲精练 ‎【句式精讲】‎ 1. What are you thinking about?‎ ‎ (1) think about意为“考虑；就……思考”。此时think about与think of意思相近，可以互换。例如：‎ Are you thinking about the question? 你在考虑那个问题吗？‎ What are you thinking about? 你在想什么？‎ ‎ (2) What do/did sb. think of…? 这是询问某人对某事（人）的看法常用的句型，意为“……认为……怎么样？”，答语往往是对某物（人）的评价。例如：‎ ‎— What do you think of the book written by him?‎ 你认为他写的那本书怎么样？‎ ‎— It is very good. 很好。‎ ‎(3) What do you think of…?可以和How do you like…?互换。例如：‎ What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film? 你认为这部电影怎么样？‎ 2. But now they have less and less land to live on.‎ 本句中less是little的比较级，less and less意为“越来越少”。形容词/副词的比较级＋and＋形容词/副词的比较级，这种句型表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意思是“越来越……”。 ‎ 例如： 　 　longer and longer 越来越长；　 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮。‎ ‎ Summer is coming. The weather is getting hotter and hotter. ‎ ‎ 夏天来了，天气变得越来越热了。‎ ‎【拓展】另两种表示比较的句型： （1）“The ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语，the ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语”。这个句型是形容词/副词比较级的叠加用法，表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意思是“越……，（就）越……”。例如： 　　The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll 8‎ ‎ make. 　　你越小心，出现的问题就越少。 （2）as+形容词/副词的原级+as... 这个句型表示同级比较，即比较的结果是一样的，在as和as的中间用形容词或副词的原级。在否定句中既可以用not as...as...，也可以用not so... as...，表示前者不如后者。例如： 　 He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一样高。 　 It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。‎ ‎3. Because animals are our friends. They make us happy.‎ make + sb.+ 形容词，make是谓语动词，sb.是make的宾语，后面的形容词在此作宾语补足语。例如：‎ Rainy days make me sad. 雨天让我很悲伤。‎ What he said made the teacher angry. 他说的话让老师很生气。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎（1）make +sb.+ 过去分词，此处的过去分词相当于形容词作宾补。例如：‎ Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed. ‎ 在雨中等他让我很烦。‎ ‎（2）make + sb.+动词原形，此处的动词原形也叫省略to的不定式作宾补。例如：‎ ‎ Sad movies always make me cry. 伤感的电影经常让我哭泣。‎ Loud music makes her want to dance. 高声的音乐让她想跳舞。‎ ‎（3）be made to+动词原形，此处是make的被动语态，要还原动词不定式的to，即be made to do sth.意为“被使做某事”。例如：‎ ‎ The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.‎ ‎→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss.‎ ‎ 老板使他一天工作15个小时。‎ ‎4. It’s a little cheaper.‎ a little可以用作副词，修饰形容词、副词、形容词或副词的比较级、动词以及介词短语，表示“有点，稍稍”。例如：‎ He is a little tired. 他有点累了。‎ You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。‎ 8‎ She was only a little over fifty years old. 她才五十多一点。‎ ‎【拓展】 a little与a bit的辨析：‎ ‎（1）a little可修饰形容词或副词（包括比较级）；可直接修饰不可数名词；用于否定句时，not a little表示“非常，十分”，相当于very。例如：‎ ‎ We may need a little help. 我们也许需要一点帮助。‎ ‎ I’m not a little tired. 我非常累。‎ ‎ （2）a bit修饰形容词或副词，可与a little互换；修饰不可数名词时要加of；用于否定句时，not a bit表示“一点也不”，相当于“not at all”。例如：‎ ‎ We may need a bit of help. 我们也许需要一点帮助。‎ ‎ I’m not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。‎ ‎5. What did it look like?‎ look like意为“看起来像……” 应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：‎ He looks like a famous movie star. ‎ 他看起来像一个电影明星。‎ That bicycle looks just like the one I used to have. ‎ 那个自行车看起来像我曾经拥有的那个。‎ It looks like it’s going to rain soon. ‎ 天看起来要下雨。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎（1）take after意为“像……，与……相似”。take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：‎ She took after her mother almost in everything. ‎ 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。‎ Adam was my grandfather and I take after him. ‎ 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像 ‎（2）be similar to一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：‎ 8‎ His problem is similar to yours. ‎ 他的问题和你的相似。‎ ‎6. We shouldn’t spend too much time on it.‎ spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式和过去分词为spent。用法如下：‎ ‎ 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 ‎ spend + ‎ 时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上 例如：‎ ‎ I spend two hours reading every day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。‎ ‎ He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20元买书。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ 表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：‎ 词语 主语 结构 spend 人(sb.)‎ sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.‎ take it作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)‎ pay 人(sb.)‎ sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.‎ cost sth.(物)‎ sth. costs sb. + 金钱 例如：‎ ‎ I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。‎ ‎ It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。‎ ‎ I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。‎ ‎ My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。‎ 8‎ ‎【句式精练】‎ I.‎‎ 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. The Smiths were having supper.（改为一般疑问句）‎ ‎_______ the Smiths _______ supper?‎ ‎2. You’d better get there early.（同义句转换）‎ You’d better _______ get there _______.‎ ‎3. He’s mending his bike now.（用at this time yesterday改写）‎ He _______ _______ his bike at this time yesterday.‎ ‎4. Are you sure you’re right?（作肯定回答）‎ ‎_______, I’m _______.‎ ‎5. He is the tallest in his class.（同义句转换）‎ He is _______ _______ any other student in his class.‎ ‎6. My parents were repairing the computer at this time yesterday.（对划线部分提问）‎ ‎_______ _______ your parents doing at this time yesterday?‎ ‎7. The wall around this city is 13.7 kilometers long.（对划线部分提问）‎ ‎_______ _______ is the wall around the city?‎ ‎8. It took them about five hours to finish the work.（改为一般疑问句）‎ ‎_______ it _______ them about five hours to finish the work?‎ ‎9. I think this story is the funniest of all the stories.（同义句转换）‎ I think this story is _______ _______ any other story.‎ ‎10. Grandma Zhou enjoys the life in the countryside because it is much cleaner there.‎ ‎ (对划线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ _______ Grandma Zhou enjoy the life in the countryside?‎ II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。‎ 8‎ ‎1.这座桥有六百多年的历史了。‎ The bridge is _______ _______ 600 years old.‎ ‎2. 这场比赛吸引了数千名观众。‎ The game drew   audience.‎ ‎3. 尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝做出一个令人信服的解释。‎ No one have come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaur .‎ ‎4. 鸟以虫和谷物为食。‎ Birds   worms and grains.‎ ‎5. 遇到危险时要保持冷静。‎ Try to keep cool when you’re  .‎ ‎6. 我们可以在字典里查这个字。‎ We can   the word in the dictionary.‎ ‎7. 飞机再过一小时燃料就将用完。‎ The aircraft will  fuel in another hour.‎ ‎8. 他叫他的孩子们要远离危险的电器。 ‎ He told his children to   dangerous electrical things.‎ ‎9. 他抬起胳膊挡住脸，以防挨打。‎ He raised his arm to   his face   the blow。‎ ‎10. 他盼望着面对面地见见他心目中的流行乐歌星。‎ He is looking forward to meeting his favorite pop star  .‎ Ⅲ. 补全对话。‎ 根据对话内容，在每个标有题号的空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话完整，合乎情境。 ‎ A: Hi, Wang Ning! I didn’t see you yesterday. 1. ______________________________.‎ B: Oh, I went to the cinema and saw a film.‎ 8‎ A: 2.___________________________?‎ B: It’s about animals.‎ A: 3. ______________________________ ? ‎ B: It was wonderful. But it also made me very sad. ‎ A: Did you learn a lot from the film?‎ B: 4.______________________________. I learned a lot about the endangered(濒于灭绝的）animals. We can’t see most of them on earth today.‎ A: Sorry to hear that.‎ B: I think we should do something to save them. Let’s join the Love Animal Club first. ‎ B: 5.______________________________. I think the club must be helpful and interesting. ‎ A: Then we should do it as soon as possible. ‎ B: OK. ‎ 参考答案 I.‎‎ 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. Were; having 2. not; late 3. was mending 4. Yes; sure 5.taller than ‎6. What were 7. How long 8. Did; take 9. funnier than 10. Why does II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。‎ ‎1. more than 2. thousands of  3. die out 4. feed on 5. in danger ‎ ‎6. look up 7. run out of  8. stay away from  9. protect; from  10. face to face. ‎ Ⅲ. 补全对话。‎ ‎1. Where did you go? ‎ ‎2. What is the film about? ‎ 8‎ ‎3. What do you think of the film?/ How do you like the film? ‎ ‎4. Yes. (Yes, I did.)‎ ‎5. Great! /That’s a good idea. /Sounds good.‎ 8‎