初二上英语UNIT知识点 13页

人教版八年级上册英语知识点 Unit 2.How often do you exercise?‎ 一.、重点短语归纳：‎ ‎1.go to the movies =go to the cinema去看电影 ‎6.keep healthy康 keep +形容词，“表保持某种状态”‎ ‎9.take more exercise 做更多的运动 ‎10.be the same as 与什么相同 ‎12.be different from 不同 ‎13.once a month一月一次 twice a week一周两次. three times a week一周三次 ‎14.make a difference to 对什么有影响 如：As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students.身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。‎ ‎15.how often 多久一次，问动作发生的频率 how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数 ‎16.although=though虽然 <不能与but连用>‎ ‎17.most of the students=most students大多数学生 ‎18.shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 ‎19.as for至于 ‎20.activity survey活动调查 ‎21.do homework做家庭作业 22.do housework做家务事 ‎23.eat less meat吃更少的肉 24.junk food垃圾食物 ‎25.be good for 对什么有益 ‎26.be bad for对什么有害 ‎27.want to do sth 想做某事 28.want sb to do sth想某人做某事 ‎29.try to do sth 尽量做某事 ‎31.of course=certainly=sure当然 ‎33.some advice 一些建议 some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 ‎34.help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth ‎35.a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜 ‎36.hardly= almost not几乎不 ‎37.keep/be in good health保持健康 ‎ ‎40.play soccer踢足球 41.every day每天 ‎45.all students 所有的学生 most students 大多数学生 some students 一些学生 ‎55.on weekends在周末 ‎56.ask sb. about sth.就某事询问某人 ‎57.by doing sth.通过做某事 ‎58.go online去上网 ‎59.the answer to the question问题的答案 ‎60.stay up late熬夜 ‎61.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 ‎62.at least twice a week一周至少2次 ‎63.such as 比如；诸如 ‎64.less than少于《----》more than多于 ‎68.in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 ‎69.help with housework帮忙做家务 ‎70.old habits die hard积习难改 ‎71.play tennis打网球 ‎72.have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 ‎73.go shopping=do some shopping购物 ‎74.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 ‎75.spend time/money on sth.在某方面花费时间或金钱 ‎76.spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事 ‎77.sometimes=at times有时 ‎78.help with housework帮助做家务 二、重点句子：‎ ‎1.How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？‎ 解析：How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.?‎ 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),（在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times?,‎ ‎2.want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”；‎ want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。‎ 注意：有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语，如：‎ ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎3. She says it’s good for my health.‎ 解析：be good for...表示“对??有益（有好处）”；‎ 其反义为：be bad for...。（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）。‎ ‎4.try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。‎ 5. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某 6. be the same as ? / be different from ?‎ ‎7.sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象）,grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：‎ Eg1)It tastes good. 这味道好。‎ Eg2)The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。‎ ‎8.although=though虽然 <不能与but连用>‎ 与之类似的情况：有because就不能再用so.‎ ‎9..She says it’s good for my health.她说它对我的健康有好处。‎ ‎,be good with be good for“对?有益”；‎ be good at“擅长于”；‎ be good with“和?相处的好”；‎ ‎10..How come?怎么回事？‎ 解析：表示某件事很奇怪，有点想不通。可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问词why.但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。‎ 三、词语辨析 ‎1.注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。‎ ‎（1） sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”‎ 例：Will you come again sometime next week?‎ ‎（2） some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用 例：I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。‎ ‎（3）some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”‎ 例：I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。‎ ‎（4）sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”=at times 例：He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。‎ ‎2.time意为“时间”时，为不可数名词。意为“次数，倍数”时，为可数名词，‎ 例1：What time is it?‎ 注意：1）“次数”的表达方法：‎ 一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：three times、‎ ‎2）different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。‎ 例：We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。‎ 结构：be different from 与......不同 例：This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣与那一件不同。‎ different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。‎ ‎4. hard / hardly 篇二：八年级上册英语第二单元知识点 ‎3.动词 rest=have a rest休息 believe=think相信 get+adj.变得 get得到 stay待在哪里 stay+adj.=keep保持 hear过去式heard听见(后面可以接宾语从句) shoud情态动词后面动词原形.‎ ‎4.连词 until=till直到……之时（连时间状语从句）如：I usually study late until two at night ‎1）连接点时间/he comes back ‎2）连接从句 Not……until直到……才 如：I didn’t go to bed until my mother come back yesterday.‎ ‎5.代词 so可以当所以讲而当这样是代词.如:I think so. everybody=everyone 不定代词定语复数 短语 ‎7)lie down and rest躺下来休息8)hot tea with honey有蜂蜜的茶 9)see a dentist看牙医 10)be stressed out有压力 get stressed out变得有压力 11)be angry生气 get angry变生气 12)traditional Chinese doctors 传统的中医 13)two hours ago两小时以前 14)for example例如 15)a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 16)the way to do sth.干什么……的方式 17）in western countries在西方的国家 18）eat a balanced diet吃均衡的饮食 19）need to do sth.=need do 20)at the moment=now现在 21)take some medicine吃药 22)give sb. some advice给某人一些建议 23)a few几个 句型 It is+形容词+for sb +to do 动名词做主语+谓语动词单数 I’m sorry to hear that+宾语从句(我听到这个很难过)‎ 名词后+句子(定语从句;从后向前翻译)‎ 表建议:1.主语+should+do 2.Why not do? Why don’t you do? 3.How about doing? Why about doing?‎ Grammar Focus 语法聚焦 ‎1. Give advice提出建议 advice是不可数名词，意为“建议，忠告，劝告”。常用短语有：‎ give sb．advice给某人提建议 take one's advice接受某人的建议 listen to one's advice听从某人的建议 ask for one's advice征求某人的建议 He often gives us some good advice．他经常给我们提出一些好的建议。‎ 注意 表示“一条建议”时应说a piece of advice，而不能说an advice；“一些建议”最 some advice。‎ ‎2. What’s the matter?怎么了？‎ ‎(1)这是询问病人病情时最常用的问句，意为“怎么了?”，通常与介词with连用。‎ 类似的问句还有：‎ What's wrong?怎么了? What's wrong with you?你怎么了?What's your trouble?你怎么了? What's the trouble with you?你怎么了?What's up?怎么了?‎ 注意 用此类句型时，matter前需加定冠词the；wrong前不加任何修饰词；trouble前可加the，也可加形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎(2)matter作名词时，意为“事情，问题，情况”；matter也可用作动词，意为“要紧；关系重大”，主要用于疑问句和否定句中。‎ There is a matter I would like to discuss with you．‎ 有件事我想和你讨论一下。‎ It doesn't matter if you're late—we'll wait for you．你来晚了也不要紧——我们会等着你的。‎ ‎3. I have a cold. 我感冒了。‎ have a cold伤风，感冒 have a bad cold重感冒 have a fever发烧have a sore throat喉咙痛 have a stomachache肚子痛；胃痛 have a cough咳嗽 have a toothache牙痛 have a headache头痛 注意 have a cold和catch a cold都可用来表示“伤风，感冒”，catch a cold侧重患感冒的动作，属于短暂的动作，不能与how long和for及since引起的时间状语连用。‎ ‎“你感冒多长时间了?”“我感冒5天了。”‎ 正：—How long have you had a cold?‎ days。‎ 误：—How long have you caught a cold?‎ five days．‎ ‎4．I have a stomachache．我胃痛。‎ 这是患病或身体某部位不舒服的一种表达方法。在英语中，表达“疼痛或不舒服”‎ 时常用的几个词有ache，sore，pain和hurt等。其用法总结如下：‎ ‎(1)“主语+have／has+a+病症”。‎ Jim has a bad cold．吉姆患了重感冒。‎ ‎(2)“主语+have／has+a+sore+发病部位”。sore为形容词，故放在表示身体部位的名词前面，构成名词性短语。‎ I had a sore throat last week．上周我喉咙痛。‎ ‎(3)“主语+have／has+a+部位-ache"。ache为名词，也可作后缀，常与表示身体部位的名词合成另外一个新词，表示身体某部位疼痛。‎ She has a toothache．她牙痛。‎ ‎(4)“部位+hurt(s)”。hurt是动词，意为“疼，痛”，其过去式仍为hurt，表 ‎—I have had a cold for five —I have caught a cold for 达某一具 体位置的疼痛。‎ My head hurts badly．我头疼得厉害。‎ ‎(5)“(there is)someting wrong with+one's+部位”意为“某人……不舒服／出了毛病”。‎ ‎1 can't see anything．I think there must be something wrong with my eyes．‎ 我什么也看不见。我想我的眼睛一定出毛病了。‎ 辨析：ache与sore ‎1. lie down and rest 躺下休息 ‎(1)lie v.意为“躺，平卧”。‎ Don't lie down on the ground．不要躺在地上。‎ 拓展 lie还有其他一些用法：‎ ‎①动词，意为“位于”，其现在分词、过去式、过去分词分别是1ylng,lay，lain。‎ China lies in the east of Asia．中国位于亚洲东部。‎ ‎②动词，意为“说谎”，其现在分词、过去式、过去分词分别是lying，lied，lled。‎ She lied to us about her job．她就她的工作向我们撒了谎。‎ ‎③lie也可以作名词，意为“说谎，谎言”，tell a lie／tell lies意为“说谎”。The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies．整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。‎ ‎(2)rest在此处用作动词，意为“休息”。‎ P1ease sit down and rest for a minute．请坐下来休息一会儿。‎ 拓展 ‎①rest用作名词，意为“休息”。常用于短语take／have a(good)rest(好好)休息。‎ You are tired．You must have a rest．你累了，你必须休息一下。 ②rest还可作“其余”讲，the rest of意为“其余的……”。‎ The rest of the students are boys．其余的学生是男生。‎ ‎2．hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶 with在此句中是“有，带有”的意思，表示某物带有或具有某种特征。介词短语 with honey作hot tea的后置定语。‎ a coat with four pockets有4个口袋的外套 a book with a blue cover一本蓝色封面的书 You must do the work with more care．你工作一定要再细心些。 拓展 with作介词，用法很多，常见的还有：‎ ‎(1)意为“和……一起”，表示伴随。‎ I 1ike to talk freely with my friends．我喜欢和朋友们一起自由交谈。‎ ‎(2)意为“用……”，表示使用“某种工具、手段”等。‎ Cut it with a knife．用刀把它切开。‎ ‎(3)意为“关于……，对于……，对……来说”，表示关系等。‎ Are you pleased with the result?你对这个结果满意吗?‎ ‎3. Maybe you should see a dentist. 也许你应该去看牙医。‎ should为情态动词，后接动词原形，其否定式为shouldn't，用来表示建议、要求等。‎ 其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。‎ You shouldn't go out at night．你不应该在夜里外出。‎ ‎4. He shouldn’t eat anything 他不应该吃东西 not．．．anything＝nothing，因此此句还可表达为：He should eat nothing．‎ 篇三：人教版八年级上册英语第二单元知识点梳理 人教版八年级上册英语第二单元知识点梳理 How often do you exercise?‎ ‎【语言目标】 ● What do you usually do on weekends?I sometimes go to the beach. ● How often do you eat vegetables?Every day. ● Most students do homework every day. 【重点词汇】 ● always, usually , often, sometimes , hardly , ever, never. ● how often, once , twice , three times a week , every day. 【应掌握的词组】 1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼8. eating habits 饮食习惯 9. take more exercise 做更多的运动10. the same as ‎ 与什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次 13. twice a week一周两次14. make a difference to 对什么有影响 15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though虽然17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do housework做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益26. be bad for对什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事 29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家 31. of course = certainly = sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不 35. keep/be in good health保持健康 36.be stressed out紧张的，有压力的 37. take a vacation 去度假48.get back 回来 【应掌握的句子】 1.How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？ How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),（在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。‎ ‎2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.” “周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。” 第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。‎ 翻译： What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.3. “What’s your favorite program?” “It’s Animal World.” =What program do you like best? “你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。” 4. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for...意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如： As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。‎ As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。‎ 翻译：至于我自己，我现在不想去。 (As for myself, I don’t want to go now. ) 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。(As for the man, I know nothing about him.) 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如： Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？ The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。 6. She says it’s good for my health. be good for...表示“对……有益（有好处）”;其反义为：be bad for...。（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）‎ 如：It's good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。 7. How many hours do you sleep every night? 8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school . 9. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里pretty相当于very 。 10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。‎ 如: You’d better try doing the experiment in another way.‎ 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级 13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? ＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from … 14. What sports do you play ?15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 16. You must try to eat less meat . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级 17. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell ‎（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get （变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如： It tastes good. 这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。 The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。‎ 分享到：QQ空间新浪微博QQ好友微信人人网