人教新目标英语八下Unit He said I was hardworking学案篇 10页

新目标英语八年级下册导学案 执笔： 姚芳 审核： 审批： 授课人：姚芳 ‎ 授课时间： ‎2011-3-22‎ 学案编号： 003 班级： 姓名： 小组：‎ 课题：Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 课型：新课 ‎【学习目标】 ‎ ‎1.掌握P26-31黑体单词和重点短语 ‎2.理解直接引语和间接引语 ‎3.掌握间接引语在中考中的考查重点—宾语从句 ‎【重难点预见】‎ ‎1.宾语从句常考点：引导词，尤其是if和wether的用法，时态以及语序 ‎2.理解间接引语 ‎【知识链接】‎ ‎1 归纳形容人物性格及心情的形容词：‎ ‎2.复习由that引导的宾语从句，举例如下：‎ 分析that 在句中的用法：‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ 1. 课前预习，拼读新单词，练习语音能力 2. 课前复习，练习归纳能力 3. 课上认真听讲，积极思考，理解新知识，掌握必考知识 ‎【学习流程】‎ n 自主学习： 自行朗读并翻译语法焦点的句子，思考直接引语是怎样转换为间接引语的，观察并总结这两种引语的差异，举例说明如下：‎ n 合作探究：‎ 考点说明：中考对直接引语和间接引语的要求是理解，能读懂完形填空、阅读理解中的两种引语，但对宾语从句的检测中，会有所涉及，因此本单元的语法重点，趋于掌握宾语从句及其基本用法。‎ 下面是宾语从句的详细讲解，请大家认真阅读并掌握考点（运用或背熟）‎ 重庆市的中考要求，掌握以下3大方面即可：‎ 一、 明确三种类型 ‎    宾语从句根据其引导词的不同可分为三种类型：‎ ‎    1. 由连词that引导的宾语从句，如：‎ ‎　　He said (that) it was Sunday yesterday.‎ ‎    2. 由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，如：‎ ‎    Could you tell me if /whether there will be a test next week?‎ ‎3. 由 which, when等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句，如：‎ ‎    I don’t know how I can get there.‎ 二、 理顺三个步骤 ‎    把两个单句组成含有宾语从句的复合句时，合并变化应遵循以下三个步骤：‎ ‎1. 确定引导词 ‎    根据从句的句子类型选择正确的引导词。若从句为陈述句，则引导词为that(that在口语中常省略)；若从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句，则引导词为if或whether；若从句是特殊疑问句，则引导词由疑问词转化而来的疑问代词/副词。‎ ‎    2. 调整语序 ‎    宾语从句永远是陈述句语序。若原句是疑问句式，则应将它调整为陈述句语序。如：‎ ‎    1) Is he going to the shop?  I want to know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)‎ ‎       I want to know if/whether he is going to the shop.‎ ‎    2) When does he get up?  Do you know?  (改为含宾语从句的复合句)‎ ‎       Do you know when he gets up?‎ ‎    3. 变换时态 ‎    A. 若主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况选用所需要的任何时态。如：‎ ‎    1) He says (that) he will finish the work tomorrow.‎ ‎    2) I think (that) they have already gone to Beijing.‎ ‎    B. 若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句动词的时态用过去时的某种形式（如：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。如：‎ ‎    1) She asked if/whether he was leaving for Shanghai soon.‎ ‎    2) He said (that) they had a very good journey.‎ ‎    另外，还需考虑标点的使用和人称的变化。‎ ‎    A. 带宾语从句的主从复合句的标点由主句来决定。若主句是陈述句，则用句号；若主句是疑问句，则用问号。如：‎ ‎    1) When do we arrive?  We don’t know.  (改为含宾语从句的复合句)‎ ‎       We don’t know when we arrive.‎ ‎    2) What time does the ship leave?  Do you know?  (改为含宾语从句的复合句)‎ ‎       Do you know what time the ship leaves?‎ ‎    B. 需变为宾语从句的句子的主语如果是第一人称，则随主句的主语变（主句主语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第二人称，则随主句的宾语变（主句宾语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第三人称，则不要变（宾语从句的主语仍用第三人称）。如：‎ ‎    1) Shall I go there? He asked me.   (改为含宾语从句的复合句)‎ ‎       He asked me if/whether he would go there.‎ ‎    2) Will you go there? He asked me. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) ‎ ‎       He asked me if/whether I would go there.‎ ‎    3) Will she go there? He asked me. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) ‎ ‎       He asked me if/whether she would go there.‎ 三、加强三点注意 ‎    1. 时态不变 ‎    当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理等时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时态。如：‎ ‎    The earth goes around the sun.  The teacher said.  (改为宾语从句)‎ ‎    The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.‎ ‎    2. “两副面孔”‎ ‎    if和when等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析看它们属于“两副面孔”的哪一种。当从句表示将来时, 若引导的是宾语从句，它们的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，它们的时态常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： ‎ ‎    1) I don’t know if/when he will come tomorrow.(宾语从句)‎ ‎    2) If/When he comes, he’ll tell you about it.(状语从句)‎ ‎    3. 从句的简化 ‎    A. 当主句谓语动词为hope, wish, decide, choose, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：‎ ‎    He agreed that he could help me with my English. ‎ ‎    →He agreed to help me with my English.‎ ‎    B. 当主句谓语动词为hear, see, watch等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或v-ing形式。如：‎ ‎    I heard that some children sang / were singing some songs.‎ ‎    →I heard some children sing/singing some songs.‎ ‎    C. 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语相一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：‎ ‎    I don’t know what I should do. ‎ ‎    →I don’t know what to do.‎ n 展示提升：‎ 完成教材P26-27听力练习 口语操练间接引语 n 范例参考 What did she say?‎ She said she was having a party for Lana on Friday.‎ ‎【达标测评】‎ ‎1.Can you see________?   　　A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading   　　C. what does he read D. he reads what 2._What did your son say in the letter?   　　_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day   　　A.will visit B. has visited   　　C. is going to visit D. would visit   　　3.He didn’t know__________   　　A.what’s the matter B.what the matter is ‎ ‎  　　C. what was the matter D. what the matter was   　　4.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____   　　A.who were they B. who they were   　　C. who was it D. who it was   　　5.I want to know_____   　　A.what is his name B. what’s his name   　　C. that his name is D. what his name is   　　6.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?   　　---Her cousin,susan.   　　A.that B.whose C .who D.which   　　7.---What are you searching the Internet for?   　　---I’m trying to find out____.   　　A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU   　　B.How many persons have died in Iraq   　　C.How to protect our environment   　　D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea.   　‎ ‎【自主测评】‎ 一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。‎ ‎1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.‎ He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.‎ ‎2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.‎ My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.‎ ‎3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.‎ Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.‎ ‎4.Can they speak French? I want to know.‎ I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.‎ ‎5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.‎ Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.‎ ‎11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.‎ I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. ‎ ‎12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ _____.‎ ‎13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.‎ Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.‎ ‎14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. ‎ He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.‎ 二 、运用宾语从句语序的知识，完成下列选择填空。‎ ‎( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.‎ A. if you are free the next week B. what color was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring ‎( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.‎ A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry ‎( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.‎ A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car ‎( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.‎ A. whether he has finished reading the book ‎ B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for ‎Paris ‎( )5. Could you tell me ___________?‎ ‎　 A. where do you live 　 B. who you are waiting for ‎　 C. who were you waiting for  D. where you live in ‎( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.‎ ‎　 A. why she left 　 B. why did she leave ‎ ‎　C. why she had left　 D. why had she left ‎( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.‎ ‎　 A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen ‎( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.‎ A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got ‎( )9. The manager came up to see __________.‎ ‎　 A. what was the matter 　B. what the matter was C. what the matter is    D. what's the matter ‎( )10. He asked his father _______.‎ ‎　 A. where it happens   B. where did it happen ‎ ‎　 C. how it happened    D. how did it happen ‎( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.‎ ‎　 A. how we should do   B. what should we do ‎　 C. how to do it       D. what to do it ‎( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.‎ ‎　 A. how check  B. to check  C. how to check  D. to how checking ‎( )13.They don't know _______their parents are. ‎ A that B what C why D which ‎( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ‎ ‎─ Sorry, I've no idea.‎ ‎　 A./, bought   B. has, bought   C. did, buy   D. did bought ‎( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.‎ ‎　 A. how, another  B. what, more  C. how ,other  D. what, another ‎( )16. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.‎ ‎　 A. where is he/ has been    B. where he is/ has gone ‎　 C. where was he/ has been   D. where he was/ has gone ‎( )17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.‎ ‎　 ─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.‎ ‎　 A. you have/ will rain      B. you will have/ will rain ‎　 C. you will have/ rains     D. will you have/ rains ‎( )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.‎ ‎　 A. finds/ arrives    B. finds/ will arrive   ‎ C. will find/ will arrive   D. will find/ arrives ‎( )19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. ‎ A. that B. where C. which D. what ‎( )20. He asked me _______. ‎ A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where the 2008 Olympics will be held ‎( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. ‎ A. that B. how C. what D. if ‎( )22. You must remember _______.‎ A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said ‎( )23. I don’t know ______ . ‎ A. which room I can live B. which room can I live C. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in ‎ ‎( )24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ? ‎ ‎－－Sorry , I don’t . When he _______back , I’ll tell you . ‎ A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will come C. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come ‎( )25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.‎ A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ‎ ‎( )26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.‎ A. has never gone B. had never gone ‎ C. has never been D. had never been ‎( )27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.‎ A. had B. has C. will have D. are ‎ ‎( )28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty? ‎ A. who B. what C. when D. that ‎( )29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. ‎ A. what B. if C. when D. where ‎( )30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?‎ A. what B when C why D how             ‎ 五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1. We are sure that he ________ (go) to school tomorrow.‎ ‎2. Do you know who ______ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?‎ ‎3. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)?‎ ‎4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer.‎ ‎5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.‎ ‎6. The little boy tells us where his father _______ (work).‎ ‎7. He said that he _________ (finish) his work already.‎ ‎8. They thought they could _______ (hike) to the top of the mountain.‎ ‎9. He was glad that so many people _____ (help) him.‎ ‎10. She doesn’t know whether ________ (go) or wait.‎ 知识盘点：‎ 心得感悟：‎ 八年级英语新目标下 Unit4 复习学案 一、重点词汇1曾经_______（反义词）_______2疯狂的_______（近义词）_______3消息_______（复数）_______4传递_______（过去式）_______5小吃_______（复数）_______6幸运地_______（形容词）_______7坏的_______（比较级）_______（最高级）_______8抄袭_______（过去式）_______9自己的______（名词）_______10稀薄的______（比较级）______11决定______（动词）______12开始开端_____（同义词）_____13影响_____（复数）_____14危险_____（形容词）_______‎ 二、重点词组1看肥皂剧____________2举行惊喜晚会____________3在星期五晚上___________‎ ‎4生某人的气____________5令人兴奋的一周____________6致力于____________7应该________‎ ‎8在公共汽车站____________9传递消息__________10首先__________11把答案给......________‎ ‎12在某方面做得好____________13健康____________14期末考试____________15‎ 变得紧张_____‎ ‎16在.......方面很困难____________17抄别人的作业____________18克服____________19在一个贫穷的山村____________20教育部____________21在中国农村地区____________22海拔2000米以上____________23同意某人的决定________________24开阔眼界____________25返回某地____________26关心____________27濒危野生动物____________‎ 三、重点句型 ‎1.What did he say? He said I was hard-working.‎ ‎2.She told me she would call me the next day ‎3.Ben told Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party .‎ ‎4.In English,I’m better at reading than listening.‎ ‎5.I can do better in math.6.How’s it going?‎ ‎6.I had a really hard time with science this semester.‎ ‎7.Mom and Dad send their love.‎ ‎8.That’s about all the news I have for now.‎ ‎9.He didn’t know what was happening outside.‎ ‎10.She didn’t want to be my best friend anymore.‎ ‎11.The Peking University gratuate first went there as a volunteer.‎ ‎12.He asked me if I was interested in English ‎13.His mother told me he is a good boy.‎ ‎14.He asked me what he could do for me. ‎ 四、重点语法：（一）直接引语 变 间接引语。‎ ‎1.“…”是陈述句,引导词用that.‎ ‎1) She said to me, “ We will go to the zoo.” She told me _____ _______ would go to the zoo..‎ ‎2)Jim said to us, “ You do your homework .”Jim told us ____ _______ ____ ______ homework ‎ ‎3) He said, “ She isn’t at home.” He said_______ ________ __________ at home. ‎ ‎2. “…”是一般疑问句时，用 if/whether, 再把一般疑问句变为陈述句。‎ ‎1)He said to me, “ Do you often come to school late?”He _____ me _____ ____ often ___ to school late.‎ He said, “ Are you interested in all the lessons now?”He _ me _ __ __ interested in all the lessons then.‎ ‎3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，主句动词变ask sb.，特殊疑问词放主句后，再变为陈述句。(不可接that)‎ ‎1)He said to us, “ What are you doing these days?”He ______ us _____ _____ _____ doing those days.‎ ‎2)“What can I do for you?” he asked me. He asked me ________ ________ _______ do for _______.‎ ‎3)He said, “ Who did this good thing this morning?”He______ _______did that good thing that morning.‎ ‎4. 直接引语是祈使句，主句动词常用tell/ ask sb. (not) to do sth.。如果祈使句是否定形式，不定式前加not。‎ He said to the boy, “ Please read the story to us.”He _____ the boy _____ ______ the story to ______.‎ ‎ She said to the kids, “ Don’t sing in class.” She ______ the kids ______ ______ ______ in class ‎（二）.时态变化：1. 一般现在时 ----一般过去时 ‎1)He said, “ I like watching TV.” He said _______ _______ _________ watching TV. ‎ ‎2)The girl said to them, “ You can’t talk.”The girl told them ______ ________ ________ talk.‎ ‎2.现在进行时 ---- 过去进行时 ‎1)The man said, “ They are sitting here.” The man said ______ _____ _______ there ‎3.一般将来时 ---- 过去将来时[]‎ ‎1)He said to me, “ You won’t be late.”He ______ me (that) _______ ____________ be late.‎ ‎2)She said to him, “ You will be at school tomorrow.” She ____ him ___ __ be at school __ the next day.‎ 注意：直接引语中，转述的是客观真理，谚语，习语，时态不变。‎ ‎（三）时间状语在间接引语中的变化规则如下：‎ 直接引语 间接引语 today that day ‎ this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.‎ yesterday the day before, the previous day ‎(the) day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next day, the following day ‎(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ time next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.‎ last week/month the week/month before now then 五、重点难点释义：‎ ‎1.I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.‎ forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (还没有做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 (已经做过了)‎ 类似的还有：remember to do sth. 记得做某事 (还没有做)remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (‎ ‎2. I said I didn’t think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.‎ 注意的think 用法：如果think 引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句。e.g. 翻译下列句子：我认为你说的并不正确。 I don’t think you are right.‎