外研初二英语下ModuleUnit导学案 3页

八年级英语下 Module7 Unit2 导学案 授课时间： 课 题 Module7 unit2 课 型 New 学习目标 1.掌握单词和短语 2.能够利用直接引语和间接引语转述现在进行时的陈述句、疑问 句和祈使句. 学习 关键 1.能读懂介绍旅游景点和旅游经历的文章. 2.培养获取细节信息的能力. 3.能模仿本文，描述自己的旅游经历. 武陵源，古已有之。1988 年，国务院确定武陵源为国家重点风景名胜区，总面积 397.58 平方公里，人口 4.74 万，有汉族、土家族、苗族、白族等多个民族。武陵源 风景名胜区属张家界的核心景区，景区面积达 264 平方公里，由张家界国家森林公园、 索溪峪自然保护区、天子山自然保护区和杨家界自然保护区四大景区组成，境内集山、 水、林、洞于一地，融万象之美于一体，独特的石英砂岩峰林、奇妙的溶洞、幽静的 峡谷、茂密的森林、多姿的溪涧、变幻的云海和充满浓郁乡土气息的田园风光，构成 了一幅雄、奇、幽、野、秀的天然画卷，被誉为“天下第一奇山”. 知识点学习 重要短语学习： 1. wake up 叫醒， 2. have a wonderful time 过得很愉快， 3. be famous for 因…而出名， 4. look like 看上去像…， 5. during the night 在夜间， 6. as if 仿佛；好像， 7. find out 发现；查明（真相等）， 8. point into 指向， 9. pull a leaf off a plant 从一棵植物摘了一片叶子 五）达标学习 A. 单词拼写： 1. The boy wants to be a _________(士兵) when he grows up . 2. They are going to build a hospital in this __________(地区) . 3. From my window I can see a beautiful _________ (风景) of the park . 4. At last we climbed up the __________(顶部)of the mountain . 5. There is a small __________(小径) through the forest . 6. I went into her __________(帐篷) and she told me to sit down. 7. Trees and vegetables are __________ (植物) . 8. The doctor ________ (拔) out one of my bad teeth . B. 完成句子: 1. 广州以它的美食而出名。 Guangzhou ______________________ its delicious food . 2. 这男孩看上去像他爸爸。 The boy _______________________ his father . 3. 别叫醒他。让他再多睡会。 ________________________ , Let him sleep for more time . 4. 我会打听一下他们住在哪儿。 I’ll _______________________ where they live . 5. 我感觉好像在做梦。 I feel _______________________ I am in the dream . [重点语法详解] 直接引语改间接引语 引述别人的话一般有两种形式。一种是引用别人的原话，将原话放于引号内，这 便是直接引语，另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的话不放于引号内，这就 是间接引语。这两种引语主要做宾语从句或复合宾语。 （一）直接引语改间接引语的句型 （1）直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，要把陈述句变成由 that 引导的宾语从句。 e.g. 1. Mary said, “I am glad to see you.” Mary said (that) she was glad to see me. 2. Dick said to her ,“I want this book.” Dick told her that she wanted that book. 说明：① 直接引语换成间接引语后不能再用引号。 ② 用连词 that 引导传达内容，that 常省略。 ③ 直接引语的动词如果是 say to，那么间接引语就改成 tell。 （2）直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，要把一般疑问句变成由 if/whether 引导 的宾语从句，同时语序改为陈述句语序。 e.g. I asked Tom，“Are you a student?” I asked Tom if he was a student. （3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，要把特殊疑问句变成由特殊疑问词引 导的宾语从句，同时语序改为陈述句语序。 e.g. He asked me ,“What do you want to buy?” He asked me what I wanted to buy. （4）直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，要把祈使句的动词原形变成动词不定式， 同时加上适当的谓语 ask, tell, order 等。如果祈使句为否定句，则在不定式前面 加 not。 e.g. 1. The teacher said to me，“Stand up, please.” The teacher asked me to stand up. 2. The doctor said to me, “Don’t drink too much.” The doctor told me not to drink too much. 说明：引述动词可因其内容作如下的变换： ①表示“命令” tell, order, commend ②表示“请求” ask, beg, request ③表示“忠告” advise （5）直接引语是感叹句变成间接引语时，改为由 that 引导的宾语从句，语序改为陈 述句语序。引述动词常为 cry (out)或 exclaim；将 How 或 What 改为 very e.g. He said, “What a wonderful gift it is!” He exclaimed that it was a very wonderful gift. （二）直接引语改间接引语应注意的事项 直接引语变为间接引语时在人称，时态，状语，动词等方面需要根据具体的情 景进行变化。 （1）人称的变化 如果直接引语是第一人称，变为间接引语时，一般变为第三人称；第二人称变为 第三人称或第一人称；第三人称一般不作改变。 例如：（1） He said, “I am sorry.” →He said that he was sorry. （2） She says to him, “You are very nice.” →She tells him that he is very nice. （3） She says to me ,“You are honest.” →She tells me that I am honest. （2）时态的变化 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的谓语动词 在时态方面要作以下的变化： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 例如: (1) She said, “I saw the film yesterday.” → She said that she had seen the film the day before. (2) She said, “I have seen the film. It is good.” → She said that she had seen the film, and that it was good. 注意：直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 例如：He said, “The earth moves around the sun.” → He said that the earth moves around the sun. （3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向行动词的变化见下表： 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this these that those now today tonight this week (month, etc.) then that day that night that week (month, etc.) 时间状语 yesterday last week (month, etc.) three days ( a year, etc) ago tomorrow next week (month, etc.) the day before the week (month, etc.) before three days (a year, etc.) before the day before the next day the next week (month, etc.) 地点状语 here there 动词 come go 例如：He said, “I will come this evening.” → He said that he would go that evening. She said, “My brother was here three days ago, but he is not here now.” → She said that her brother had been there three days before but he was not there then. 注意：以上这些变化，要根据说话的实际情况来定，不要机械照搬。假如就在当 地转述，here 就不必改为there；come 也不必改为 go。若在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。 [精讲精练] 直接引语与间接引语精练 (1)将下列句子改为间接引语 1. Li Ming said, “My friend Wang Hong is a painter.” 2. He said, “I want more breakfast.” 3. Li Pin said, “I hope to go to England.” 4. “Class is over,” the teacher said. 5. He said, “I’m very happy to visit your factory.” 6. “From one of the windows of my house I can see the railway station,” said to Wu Dong. 7. My sister said to me, “I’m leaving tomorrow.” 8. “Does Wu Dong always get up late?” he asked. 9. “Are you going to your hometown this summer?” she asked. 10. “How are you feeling today?” Li Lin asked him. 11. “When are you going to Shanghai?” I asked him. 12. “Who has taken my dictionary?” asked Wang Hong. 13. “Wait for me, please.” The girl said to her mother. 14. The teacher said to the class, “Stop talking.” 15. She said to her sister, “Don’t take off your coat.” 二、完成句子、 1. Chen Huan said, “It’s a great film.” Chen Huan said_________________. 2 Daming said, “I’m very happy today.” Daming said____________________. 3. He said to Betty, “Be quiet.” He____________________________. 4. She said to Tony, “Don’t make any noise.” She____________________________. 5. She said, “Did you know Mike?” She asked me_____________________ 6. They said to Betty, “Please come soon.” They Betty soon。 7. Mrs Styles said to Sally, “ Get some rest . Mrs Styles Sally some rest . 8. Mrs Styles said to Sally, “Please don’t worry Mrs Style Sall 。 9. Betty said, “Don’t be late.” Betty us to be late. 10.She asked me, “What’s the matter?”(改为间接引语) She asked me ________ the matter _________. 11.Miss Li asked Tom, “Do you need help?”(同上) Miss Li asken Tom ______ ______ ______ _____ help. 12.Lucy said to me , “Don’t stay up late at night.” (改为间接引语) Lucy ______ me ______ _________ _________ _________late at night.