人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结 4页

1 .询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法 2.情态动词 should的用法 3.不定代词的用法 精细解读 1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？ What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.? 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛 4. much too+形容词或副词，意为太。。。，too much+不可数名词，意为太多。。。。 5. enough 【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough 放在名词后，形副后。good enough 足够好，enough money 足够的钱 6. lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式 lay；lie 说谎，过去式 lied 7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right. may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. 8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice. 9. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词， 需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车 11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事 agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点 agree with sb。 12. trouble 问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble 陷入困境，make trouble 制造麻 烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事 有困难 。 13. right away=right now=at once，意为 立 刻，马上 。 14. run out 用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物 sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人 sb. run out of sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night. 15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 16. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 17. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定 18. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control 无法控制，无法管理 重点语法 【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性 别、数上保持一致。 数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 用在某些固定短语当中。 如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself 摔伤自己 say to oneself 自言自语 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己 【提醒】 1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成 作业。 （误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达 “某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用 one’s own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’ m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons. 【练习】 1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now. 2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well. 4. My cat can find food by_________ . 5. Help __________to some beef, boys. 6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon. 7. We can finish our homework by_________ . 8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music. 9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ? 10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on. Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks 短语归纳 1.clean up 打扫干净 2.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来 3.give out 分发 4. used to 曾经......；过去........ 5.give away 赠送；捐赠 6.set up 建立；设立 7.make a difference 有作为 8.come up with 想出 9.put off 推迟 10.put up 张贴 9.There be sb/sth doing.....有某人/物正在做某事 语法点 1.数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法 2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法 比 较级变化规则 比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er 词尾若有哑音 e，直接加 r 就可以 一辅重读闭音节，辅音 字母要双写 辅音字母加 y 结尾，要把 y 改 i 加 er Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet? 短语归纳 1.be full of 充满 2.grow up 长大 3.hurry up 赶快 4.bring back to sw 带回到某地 5.more than 超 过 6.in the middle of 在 .... 中 间 7.fight over 为 .... 争 吵 ； 争 斗 8. think about 考 虑 9.come to realize 开 始 意 识 到 10.ever since then 从 那 时 起 11.a kind of 一 种 12.such as 例 如 13.belong to 属 于 14.find out 找 出 ； 查 出 15.at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候 16.be famous for 因 为 ... 而 出 名 17. leave behind 遗 忘 ； 留 下 18.the importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性 用法归纳 1.finish doing sth 完成做某事 2.arrive at/in sw 到达某地 3.learn to do sth 学习做某事 4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 5.name sb sth 给某人取名为....... 6.teach sb sth 教某人某事 7.use sth to do 用某物做某事 8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事 9.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 10.be kind to sb 对某人友好 11.hope to do sth 希望做某事 12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事 13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做 语法点 现在完成时 Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum? 短语归纳 1.have a great time 玩的开心 2.put up 搭建；支起 3.in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式 4.be able to do sth 能够做某事 5.a couple of 少数；几个 6. on the other hand 另一方面 7.three quarters 四分之三 8.whether...or... 不管...还是... 9.wake up 醒来 10.all year round 一年到头，终年 11.close to 靠近 用法归纳 1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法 2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事 3.It’ s unbelievable that....很难相信...... 4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲 6.as...as.. 和...一样 7.the best time to do sth 做某 事的最佳时间 8.choose to do sth 选择做某事 9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 语 法点 现在完成时 区分：have been to 和 have gone to Unit10 I’v had this bike for three years 短语归纳 1.h0w long 多长，多长时间 2.not.....anymore 不再.... 3.welcome to ... 欢迎到.... 4.check out 察看 5.at first 起初 6. no longer 不再；不复 7..as for ...至于.... 8..to be honest 说实在的 9.search for 寻找 10.across from 在.....对面 11.according to 依据；按照 12.in one’s opinion 依...看 13.in order to 为了 用法归纳 1.It’s+adj（+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说）做某事是...... 2.decide to do sth 决定做某事 3.have been in+地点 在某处待了多久 5.hope to do sth 希望做某事 7.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V 单数 最....的...之一是.... 8.used to do sth 过 去常常做某事 9.need to do sth 需要做某事 语法点 现在完成时 1.since 和 for 引导状语的区别 2.延续性动词和瞬间动词 瞬间动词转为为延续动词表 borrow-keep buy-have catch a cold-have a cold put on-wear get to know-know get to sleep-sleep begin/start-be on go out-be out get to /arrive/reach-be(in) die-be dead open-be open leave-be away finish-be over fall ill-be ill join-be in/be a member of fall asleep-be asleep make friends-be friends Come/go-be+相应的介词 close-be close go to bed-be in bed get up-be up