中考英语 八下 Units 34 43页

第11讲　八年级(下)Units 3～4　　 ► compare 【 典例在线 】 If you compare the two books ， you will see that this one is better. 如果你比较一下这两本书 ， 就会发现这一本更好。 Compare your answers with those ， you will see if they are right. 把你的答案与那些对照一下 ， 你就会知道它们是否正确了。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 【 拓展精析 】 compare 此处作及物动词 ， 意为 “ 比较 ” ， compare...with... “ 把 …… 与 …… 作比较 ” ， 常用于同类比较。而 compare...to... “ 把 …… 比作 ……” ， 常用于异类比较、比喻。 【 活学活用 】 1) — If you always yourself with others ， you may have tons of pressure. (2016 ， 宜昌 ) —I agree.We should believe in ourselves. A ． compare 　　　　　　　 B ． communicate C ． create D ． consider A ► in order to 【 典例在线 】 In order to get a complete picture ， further information is needed. 为了掌握全面情况 ， 还需要详细资料。 【 拓展精析 】 in order to do 意为 “ 目的是；为了 ” ， 比单纯的 to do 更强调 “ 目的 ” ， 可以放在句首 ， 也可以放在句中。其否定形式为 in order not to do 。 【 活学活用 】 2)Many people give money to Project Hope help the poor children to go to school. A ． as soon as B ． even though C ． so that D ． in order to D ► while 【 典例在线 】 I was taking a bath while my mother was preparing dinner. 我妈妈准备晚餐的时候 ， 我正在洗澡。 Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating. 汤姆边吃边看电视。 【 拓展精析 】 while 作从属连词 ， 意为 “ 当 …… 的时候；在 …… 期间 ” ， 引导时间状语从句 ， 其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生 ， 或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生 ， 且持续时间一般较长。当 while 所引导的从句与主句的主语相同 ， 且该从句的动词为 be 动词时 ， 从句的主语和 be 动词有时可以省略。 【 活学活用 】 3) — Today's young people can't live without smart phones. —They keep their hands on the phones whether they go ， even while they meals. (2016 ， 咸宁 ) A ． have B ． are having C ． were having D ． will have 4)Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she at the party. (2015 ， 资阳 ) A ． dances B ． was dancing C ． has danced D ． is dancing B B ► mind 【 典例在线 】 Do you mind if I open the window ？我打开窗户 ， 你会介意吗？ —Would you mind parking your car there ？你介意把车子停到那边吗？ —Not at all. 不介意。 【 拓展精析 】 mind 动词 ， 意为 “ 介意；在乎 ” ， 后常接从句或动词 ing 形式作宾语 ， 不能接动词不定式。 Would you mind... ？是交际用语中表示 “ 请求 ” 的常用句型 ， 意为 “ 你介意 …… 吗？ ” 其肯定回答 ( 即不介意对方做某事 ) 常用： Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not. 等。否定回答 ( 即介意对方做某事 ) 常用： I'm sorry ， but.../I'm afraid you can't./Yes ， you'd better not. 等。 【 活学活用 】 5) — Would you mind my opening the windows? — ． It's so hot in the room. (2016 ， 龙东 ) A ． Of course not B ． Certainly C ． Better not 6) — Janes ， would you mind if I use your dictionary? — ． (2016 ， 齐齐哈尔 ) A ． Yes ， please B ． No ， you'd better not C ． Of course not ， go ahead A C ► allow 【 典例在线 】 Who allowed you to leave the camp ？谁允许你离开营地的？ They allowed smoking in this room only. 他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 You are not allowed to smoke here. 这里不允许吸烟。 【 拓展精析 】 allow 动词 ， 意为 “ 允许；准许 ” 。 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 【 活学活用 】 7)Sixteen year olds should not to drive. (2016 ， 怀化 ) A ． allowing B ． be allowed C ． allow 8)My parents don't allow me late. (2016 ， 南充 ) A ． stay up B ． to stay up C ． stays up D ． staying up B B ► as soon as 【 典例在线 】 The baby began to cry as soon as she saw her mother. 那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。 We'll go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow. 明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。 【 拓展精析 】 as soon as 意为 “ 一 …… 就 ……” ， 引导时间状语从句。在使用时 ， 要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去时时 ， 从句应使用对应的一般现在时或过去时。 【 活学活用 】 9) — Did you catch the early bus this morning? —Yes.The bus started to move I got on it. (2016 ， 襄阳 ) A ． though B ． before C ． as soon as D ． as if C ► For one week ， she did not do any housework and neither did I ． 一个星期以来 ， 她没做任何家务 ， 我也没做。 【 典例在线 】 She doesn't like tea.Neither do I ．她不喜欢茶 ， 我也不喜欢。 She cannot swim and neither can her sister. 她不会游泳 ， 她的妹妹也不会。 —They will play soccer tomorrow. 他们明天去踢足球。 —So will we. 我们也去踢。 —She knows little English. 她英语懂得不多。 —So she does. 她的确如此。 【 拓展精析 】 neither 作副词 ， 意为 “ 也不 ” 。 Neither did I ．是一个倒装句。 “ neither ＋助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词＋主语 ” ， 表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合另一个人或物。 “ So ＋助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词＋主语 ” 表示与上述肯定情况相同。 “ So ＋主语＋助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词 ” 表示强调 ， 即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。 【 活学活用 】 1 ) — I like vegetables and fruit. ( 2015 ， 广元 ) — ． In fact I eat a lot every day. A ． So do I B ． So am I C ． So I do 2)I don't know if you to Mary's party next Sunday.If you go ， . A ． go ； so will I B ． will go ； so will I C ． will go ； so do I A B ► Why don't you talk to your parents ？你为什么不和你的父母交谈呢？ 【 典例在线 】 Why don't you buy a suit for your husband ？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？ Why don't you learn some Chinese pop songs ？你为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲？ 【 拓展精析 】 Why don't you do sth. ？＝ Why not do sth. ？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有： What/How about doing sth.? Shall we do sth.? Let's do sth.. You'd better do sth.. 其肯定答语为 “ Good idea ！ /OK./Wonderful ！ /Great ！ /Sounds good ！ ” 等；其否定答语为 “ Sorry ， but... ” 等。 【 活学活用 】 3 ) — What should I get my mom for her birthday? — Why get her a scarf? A ． don't you B ． do you C ． not you D ． don't 4) — Could you tell me some information about the hotels in your city? —Why not on the Internet ？ (2016 ， 鄂州 ) A ． look for it B ． to look for it C ． look it up D ． to look it up A C ► borrow ， lend 与 keep 【 典例在线 】 I borrowed a book from Jack yesterday. 昨天我从杰克那里借了一本书。 Jack lent me a book yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday. 昨天杰克借给我一本书。 How long can I keep the book ？这本书我可以借用多长时间？ 【 活学活用 】 1) — Jim ， can I your car? —Sorry ， I it to Steven just now. —How long will he it? —Two days. 2) — How long you Little Women? —I am due to return it in two hours. (2016 ， 玉林 ) A ． have ； borrowed B ． will ； lend C ． will ； keep D ． have ； got borro w lent keep C ► provide 与 offer 【 典例在线 】 They provided the children with good food and clothing. 他们给孩子们提供了好的衣服和食物。 The manager offers a job to me in his company. 那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。 【 活学活用 】 3)That company ( 提供 ) us with 3 ， 000 dollars in 2016. 4 ) Some people think it's the parents' job to their children a clean and comfortable environment at home. (2016 ， 玉林 ) A ． offer ； to B ． offer ； with C ． provide ； with D ． provide ； to pro v ided C ► instead ， instead of 与 rather than 【 典例在线 】 Last summer I went to Qingdao.This summer I'm going to Dalian instead. 去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将改去大连。 We should do something instead of just talking about it. ＝ We should do something rather than just talk about it. 我们不应该只是谈论 ， 而是应该做点什么。 【 注意 】instead of 后常接动词 ing 形式； rather than 后常接动词原形。 【 活学活用 】 5 ) If you're busy ， you may come another day ． 6)He would play computer games do his homework. 7)You should try your best to finish it giving up. instead rather than instead of 一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示补全下列单词。 1 ． I think doing chores helps to children's independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 2 ． The boy his cup on the floor and broke it. 3 ． I can't understand what you said.Can you it to me? 4 ． ( 无论什么 ) you say ， I won't believe you any more. 5 ． My parents always ( 争论 ) at home.What should I do? de v elop dropped explain Whate v er argue 二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。 6 ． 请一到家就给我打电话。 Please call me you get home. 7 ． 我们吃蔬菜越多 ， 我们就越健康。 vegetables we eat ， we will be. 8 ． 许多父母总是喜欢拿自己的孩子与别人的孩子比。 Many parents always like their own children others' children. 9 ． 露茜与她的同学相处得很好。 Lucy is well her classmates. 10 ． 彼得没有完成作业 ， 我也没有。 Peter hasn't finished his homework and ． as soon as The more the healthier comparing w ith getting on/along w ith neither ha v e I 三、单项选择。 11 ． —May I the English dictionary? —Yes.You can it for two weeks. A ． borrow ； lend B ． borrow ； borrow C ． borrow ； keep D ． lend ； keep 12 ． — buy a scarf? —Good idea! A ． Why don't B ． Why not C ． What about D ． Would you like C B 13 ． We to smoke in public. A ． don't allow B ． aren't allowed C ． will allow D ． won't allow 14 ． We've got no coffee.Let's have tea ． A ． either B ． however C ． yet D ． instead 15 ． The movie is so interesting that I don't seeing it again tomorrow. A ． enjoy B ． mind C ． keep D ． finish B D B 【 话题分析 】 制定计划与安排 通过对近几年来中考话题的分析可发现 ， 该话题已逐步由原来的 “ 制定 ” 转向为 “ 调整 ” 。 ① 制定计划。如介绍自己的周末计划 (2015 ， 河北 ) ；制定高中的学习计划 (2015 ， 黄石 ) ；制定度假计划 (2016 ， 兰州 )(2016 ， 张家界 )(2016 ， 十堰 )(2016 ， 淄博 ) 等。 ② 调整计划与安排。如：对 “ 英语节 ” 安排表的调整 (2016 ， 杭州 ) ；对旅游方案的调整 (2016 ， 温州 ) 等。 【 常用句式 】 开头句： Here are my plans for the long exciting holidays. Summer vacation is coming.My friend Tony and I have our summer plans. There are kinds of activities for us to take part in. I'm afraid we'll have to make come changes. 中间句： Tom hopes to put up things around school to tell students about protecting the animals. What's more ， we had better review what we have learned in middle school. Our class decide to make plans to help sick children in the hospital. We think taking a bus there will be a much better choice. We will raise money for the homeless people. I'll take possible chances to be a volunteer to do something helpful to people. 结尾句： In short ， I'm looking forward to spending a happy summer holiday. Above all ， I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation. Please come and join us on time. 【 真题剖析 】 ( 2016 ， 温州 ) 假如你是 Lingling ， 学校根据下表中新西兰来温暑期交流师生的意愿 ， 决定安排他们去 100 公里外的许村游玩一天。但自行车来回路程需要 8 ～ 9 小时 ， 权衡利弊 ， 需调整这项内容 ， 请你发邮件给对方带队老师 Mr. Black 做好说明、沟通工作。 要求： (1) 文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息； (2) 文本长度： 110 词左右 ， 开头和结尾已给出 ( 不计入总词数 ) 。 Dear Mr. Black ， I'm Lingling.My school asked us to make the oneday tour plan for you and we tried to make it best to your preferences ， but I'm afraid we'll have to make some changes. Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes ， Lingling 【 审题指导 】 本篇书面表达要求考生写一封邮件 ， 介绍一日游的活动安排及调整事项。写作时 ， 人称应以第一人称为主 ， 时态应以一般将来时为主。邮件的内容需要涵盖此次旅行的活动安排、地点、交通工具和其他相关信息 ， 并确保语言得体 ， 行文连贯 ， 思路清晰。 【 范文欣赏 】 Dear Mr. Black ， I'm Lingling.My school asked us to make the oneday tour plan for you and we tried to make it best to your preferences ， but I'm afraid we'll have to make some changes. We'll visit a mountain village called Xucun ， which is very famous for its old houses ， fantastic sights and delicious food.I'm sure you will like it. However ， it will take us about 8 to 9 hours to go and come back by bike.Even if we set out at 7 ： 00 a ． m. ， we'll get there at about 11 ： 30 a ． m.Going around the beautiful ， cultural places ， including some old houses all with a history of over 500 years ， will take us at least 2 to 3 hours.Having lunch (local food and drinks) takes another hour.What's more ， it's very hot there in summer.So we think taking a bus there will be a much better choice. Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes ， Lingling 【 名师点评 】 ① 本文语言委婉 ， 结构完整 ， 思路清晰。②文章详略得当。该封邮件要介绍活动安排 ， 但更重要的是调整事项 ， 故重点应在调整上。作者不仅详细分析问题 ， 还提出了调整意见。③文章中用了 Even if ， including ， What's more 等单词和短语 ， 有力地证明了作者的方案的可行性。 【 小试牛刀 】 ( 2016 ， 兰州 ) 同学们 ， 初中生活即将结束。本次考试后 ， 盼望已久的假期就要到来！请你根据以下提示 ， 制定出度假计划。可以结合自己的实际发挥。 写作内容： 1. 和家长 / 同学一起旅游 ， 享受大自然的美景 ， 放松心情； 2 ． 参加志愿者活动 ， 帮家长做家务； 3 ． 读自己喜欢的书； 4 ． 远离有危险的地方。 写作要求： 1.80 词左右 ， 开头部分已给出 ， 但不计入总词数； 2 ． 内容合理；要点齐全；句子及篇章结构正确、连贯 ， 书写规范； 3 ． 不得出现校名和自己的姓名等个人信息。 My junior high school years are coming to an end.The summer holiday is on the way.Here are my plans for the long exciting holidays. First of all ， I'd like to tra v el w ith my parents or friends to relax myself.I w ill enjoy the beauty of the nature.After that ， I w ill take possible chances to be a v olunteer to do something helpful to people.At home ， I w ill help my parents to do some house w ork that I can do.At the same time ， I w ill read the books that I am interested in ， and get ready for further study in senior high school.No matter w hat I do and w here I go ， I w ill get a w ay from the places that are not safe. In short ， I'm looking for w ard to spending a happy summer holiday.