北师初二下英语Unit语法篇教师 7页

Unit 3 语法篇 ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ 学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点词汇句型，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。‎ 在完成时的结构 现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：‎ 表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如：many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，before，so far, by now等连用。‎ ‎②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：since + 时间点/从句，for two months, so far等。 ‎ ‎1）现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；‎ ‎2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，last week等的状语连用，并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。三、在“it is first/second...time that...。”或在“it/this/that is the +最高级+名词+that...。”结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be ...+since从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。‎ ‎1. -- How is your grandfather?‎ ‎--- Oh, he ______________ for half a year.‎ ‎--- I am sorry to hear that.‎ A． has died B．died C．has been dead D．dies ‎2. She ___________ this book for nearly three weeks.‎ A． has borrowed B．has lent C．has bought D．has kept ‎3. Mr. Brown and his family have ____________Sanya for a few weeks.‎ A． been in B．worked C．gone to D．left for ‎4. --- How long have you_________ your e-book? It is nice.‎ ‎--- Only about three weeks.‎ A． had B．bought C．received D．borrow ‎5. --- How long have you _________the book?‎ ‎--- For about two weeks.‎ A．bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent 解析：‎ 1. die"死",是非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用;be dead "死的",表示状态,可与一段时间连用。for half a year 为一段时间。故C项正确 2. 题干中的时间状语for nearly three weeks必须和延续性动词连用。而A、B、C三项均为非延续性动词,故选D项 3. 处要求动词具有持续性。排除C、D两项。如果选B，Sanya前应有in，故排除B选A。‎ 1. 本题考查延续性动词。buy, receive和borrow都是短暂性动词,不能与时间段连用。四个选项中只有A才能与about three weeks连用,故选A.。‎ ‎5.how long应和持续性动词连用,在所有选项中,只有had是持续性动词，故选C 基础演练 一 A句型转换 ‎1 Susan has watched the film twice. (一般疑问句)‎ ‎ _____________________________-‎ ‎2 They have already finished that project. (一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ______________________________‎ ‎3 I’ve worked here for ten years. (对划线部分提问)‎ ‎4 Jerry has just heard of the news (对划线部分提问)‎ 答案：1 Has Susan watched the film twice?‎ ‎ 2 Have they already finished that project? ‎ ‎3 How long have you worked here?‎ ‎4 What has Jerry just heard of?‎ B 选词填空 never ever already yet for since ‎1 I have _____ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.‎ ‎2 Jack has ________ finished his homework. He finished it an hour ago.‎ ‎3 Mr.Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.‎ ‎4 —Have you ______ seen the film?‎ ‎ —No，I have _______ seen it.‎ ‎5 — Has the bus left________?‎ ‎ — Yes，it has ______ left.‎ ‎6 My sister has had her hair like this _________ last summer.‎ 答案：1 never 2 already 3 for 4 ever 5 never 5 yet; already 6 since 二、用单词正确形式填空 ‎1. In the past three years, we _________(read) many good books.‎ ‎2.__________the young woman ever _____(travel) to England?‎ ‎3. Have you __________(collect) lots of shells?‎ ‎4. We know each other well because we ___________(be) friends since ten years ago.‎ ‎5. Mr Liu isn't here now. He ____________(go) to Beijing.‎ ‎6. The young man __________(live) alone since he graduated from college.‎ ‎7. Alice _________already__________ (clean) the house.‎ ‎8 ._______ you ever _______ (fly) a kite?‎ ‎9 Tom _____ already ______ (arrive) at the airport.‎ ‎10. Where _____ you ______ (be) these days?‎ 答案：1 have read 2 Has; travelled 3 collected 4 have been 5has gone ‎ ‎6 has lived 7 has; cleaned 8 Have; flied 9 has arrived10 have; been 巩固提高 ‎1.你曾经去过纽约吗？ ‎ ‎________ you ever ___________New York?‎ ‎2.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年了。‎ My sister ____________________ for three years.‎ ‎3.--- 你哥哥在哪里？‎ ‎--- 我哥哥去北京了。‎ ‎--- Where is your elder brother?‎ ‎--- He _________________Beijing.‎ ‎4.我妈妈在这家超市工作了三年。‎ My mother ____________ in the supermarket_____ three years ago.‎ ‎5.你买那辆自行车多长时间了?‎ How long ________you _______the bike?‎ ‎6.从2019年开始，他就离开了家乡。‎ He ______________ away from his hometown _______2019.‎ ‎7.我现在几乎3年没回去了。‎ I _________________ back for almost three years now.‎ ‎8.自从他来到我们学校，我们就成为了朋友。‎ We ________ friends with each other since he ________to our school.‎ ‎9. Eric 从来没有住过五星酒店 Eric _______never __________ a five-star hotel.‎ ‎10 他曾经在海里游过一次泳。‎ He ________________ in the sea once.‎ 答案： 1 Have, been to 2 has been a college student3. has gone to4 has worked; since 5 have, had ‎ ‎ 6 has been; since 7 haven't been 8 have been; came 9 has stayed 10 has swum ‎1. --- I can't find my watch. _______ you ______it anywhere, Mum?‎ ‎--- No, never. Look! What's that under your book?‎ A．Have; seen B．Had; seen C．Do; see D．Did; see ‎2. --- Mom, may I go out and fly kites?‎ ‎--- _______ you _________ your homework yet?‎ A．Do; finish B．Did; finish C．Have; finished D．Did; finished ‎3. How long has this shop ___________?‎ A．opened B．closed C．started D．been open ‎4. --- _______you_______ a ticket for the football match?‎ ‎--- Not yet.‎ A．Is; bought B．Are; bought C．Has; bought D．Have; bought ‎5. --- ______you ever_______ France?‎ ‎--- No, never.‎ A．Have; gone to B．Have; going to C．Will; go to D．Have; been to ‎6. I can't go home with you, because I have not __________my homework.‎ A．finish doing B．finish to do C．finished doing D．finished to do ‎7. --- _______you ______your book?‎ ‎--- Yes. I ________ it five minutes ago.‎ A．Have; found; found B．Did; find; found ‎ C．Have; found; have found D．Did; find; have found ‎8. --- What are you going to do this weekend?‎ ‎--- I ___________ yet.‎ A．haven't decided B．won't decide C．have decided D．didn't decide ‎9. --- Where's Lisa, Eric?‎ ‎--- She ____________ to the library.‎ A．goes B．had gone C．has gone D．would go ‎10. --- Your English is good.‎ ‎--- Thank you. I ___________ it for three years.‎ A．learn B．learned C．have learned D．had learned 答案：1-5ACDDD 6-10 CAACC 二、完型 2019-2019年黑龙江大庆市青龙山初级中学初二（上）月考英语试题 It's school time again. Maybe the happy holiday is still in your mind, but you must know that holiday is 1. We should think about our last term and 2 a new one. Here are some of my ideas in the new term.‎ ‎3 try to work when you are hungry. When you want to do your homework right after school, you should 4 something first. Don't begin it very late in the evening, or your work will seem 5 harder than it really is. When you work for an hour, have a short rest. But don't take 6 too long, or you can't finish your work. Don't put it off until the last 7. When you put off doing your homework, you will always think about it, and you won't 8 your free time. Do your homework 9 the same time every evening. This will help you make it a habit. It is good 10 your study.‎ ‎1A．ready B．over C．happy D．exciting ‎2.A．stop B．forget C．begin D．buy ‎3.A．Usually B．Never C．Sometimes D．Always ‎4.A．eat B．watch C．play D．listen ‎5.A．very B．few C．many D．much ‎6.A．him B．it C．her D．me ‎7.A．minute B．week C．year D．month ‎8.A．know B．make C．enjoy D．wait ‎9.A．on B．at C．from D．in ‎10.A．for B．at C．from D．like 答案 ：1-5 BCBAD 6-10 BACBA ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ A Earth Day Every year on April 22, Earth Day is celebrated all over the world. It is a time to work towards keeping our earth clean. People plan projects to clean up the land, air and water.‎ U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson first thought of the idea for Earth Day in 1962 when he saw polluted ‎ rivers and cities covered with smoke. Senator Nelson needed to get support from Americans to clean up the earth. Finally, on April 22, 1970, 20 million Americans celebrated the first Earth Day! Now many countries around the world celebrate it, and so can you.‎ How can you celebrate Earth Day? Here are a few ideas:‎ ‎● Join a clean-up project—Clean up your street or a favorite beach.‎ ‎● Save energy—Turn off the lights when you leave a room, and use public transportation.‎ ‎● Use less water.‎ ‎● Reduce/Reuse/Recycle—Practice the three Rs: ‎ First, reduce how much you use.‎ Then reuse or recycle what you can.‎ You can make a difference on Earth Day and every day!‎ ‎1.When was the first Earth Day?‎ A．On April 22, 1970.‎ B．On April 22, 1962.‎ C．On April 22, 1971.‎ D． On April 22, every year.‎ ‎2. _________made Gaylord Nelson first think of the idea for Earth Day.‎ A．The beautiful environment B．Projects to clean up the land C．Support from Americans D． Seeing polluted rivers and cities covered with smoke ‎3.How do people around the world celebrate Earth Day?‎ A．By using more cars.‎ B．By helping to clean up the land, air and water.‎ C．By polluting rivers and cities.‎ D． By taking fewer buses.‎ ‎4.Which of the following sentences is NOT true?‎ A．Americans celebrated the first Earth Day.‎ B．Three Rs mean reduce, reuse and recycle.‎ C．Now about 20 million people celebrate the Earth Day.‎ D．People celebrate Earth Day by helping to do some public cleaning.‎ B What will life in the future be like? Will it be much better than it is now?‎ And what will we be able to do in 2020 or 30 year's time?‎ Genetic engineering may help us make the perfect human. Babies may grow up to play basketball like Yao Ming or look like Cecilia Cheung. Also, we may be able to bring the dead back to life. Maybe people will be able to meet and talk with their dead family members.‎ Over the next 20 and 50 years, it will become harder to tell the difference between humans and machines. Perhaps we will be able to make copies of ourselves, so we will appear to be alive long after we are dead. People may be able to find ways of putting the life of a person into a new body.‎ Namirobots(纳米机器人) will be important. We will use them we are sick. For example, when we have a stomachache, we will swallow(吞下) a namirobot and it will travel through our stomach, taking a video of what's happening there. The video will help the doctor heal us.‎ In the future, computers may have their feeling. They may be able to think better than us. We may be more and more interested in computers and the Internet, spending all over time in front of computers. Perhaps we will forget our real needs. Perhaps we will become super couch potatoes weighing 250 kg!‎ ‎5__________may help people make the perfect human.‎ A．Machines B．Namirobots ‎ C．Genetic engineering D．Computer technology ‎6.Namirobots may help __________________ .‎ A．The doctor find out the problems we have when we're ill B．People meet and talk with their dead family members C．Find ways of putting the life of a person into a new body D． People become more and more interested in computers ‎7.Which is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Namirobots ‎ B．Genetic engineering ‎ C．Computer in the future D．Life in the future C Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true.‎ Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (消除代沟).‎ Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some places to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.‎ Try to reach a compromise(和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.‎ Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.‎ Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.‎ A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try!‎ ‎8.The passage tells us ___________ have a communication problem.‎ A．parents and other people B．school kids and their parents C．parents and children of all ages D． teachers and their students ‎9.Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you _______________.‎ A．don't get to them often B．write a letter to them C．express yourself well D． don't speak to them politely ‎10.The underlined phrase “cool off” in the passage means “ _________”.‎ A．to make yourself happy B．to get you quiet and relaxed C．to have a good rest D． to hide yourself quickly ‎11.If there's really a generation gap between you and your parents, you'd better_______________ .‎ A．have a talk with them often B．keep away from them C．agree with them all the time D． know about their values ‎12.From the passage we learn that __________________.‎ A．parents and children should not have a generation gap B．parents should show love and respect to their children C．there are some good ways to bridge the generation gap D．there are so many serious problems in families today 答案：A：ADBC B:CAD C:CDBAC